颈动脉狭窄影响大鼠认知功能及海马神经元凋亡

目的:研究改善颈动脉狭窄对大鼠认知功能、海马神经元凋亡及bcl-2、Bax蛋白表达的影响.方法:采用SD大鼠制作颈动脉狭窄模型,2周后将颈动脉狭窄解除,4周后各组采用Morris水迷宫检测记忆能力、HE染色观察神经元形态学变化、TUNEL法观察海马神经元凋亡、免疫组织化学检测Bcl-2、Bax蛋白表达.结果:对照组与假手术组比较,大鼠记忆能力明显下降(P<0.01),神经细胞凋亡率明显增高(P<0.01),Bcl-2和Bax免疫阳性细胞数增多(P<0.01),改善狭窄组较对照组记忆能力明显改善(P<0.01),神经细胞凋亡率明显低于对照组(P<0.05),Bcl-2免疫阳性细胞数明显增多(P<0.05),Bax免疫阳性细胞数明显减少(P<0.05).结论:改善颈动脉狭窄可提高大鼠海马Bcl-2蛋白的表达,抑制海马神经细胞凋亡,改善认知功能障碍.     

大鼠淋巴滞留性脑病bcl-2、bax表达和细胞凋亡的动态变化

目的：研究大鼠淋巴滞留性脑病模型中大脑皮层bcl-2、bax基因表达和细胞凋亡的动态变化。 方法： 用阻断颈部淋巴引流的方法复制大鼠淋巴滞留性脑病模型，术后1、2、3、5、7和14 d处死动物，HE染色观察脑组织结构变化，TUNEL荧光标记检测原位细胞凋亡，RT-PCR检测大脑皮层凋亡相关基因bcl-2和bax的表达。 结果： 显微镜下见脑组织有水肿的结构变化, 第5 d最明显。大脑皮层TUNEL阳性细胞数和bax表达从术后2 d开始增多，5 d达最高峰，14 d降至对照组水平。bcl-2表达于术后1 d开始增高，5 d达最高值，第7 d下降至对照组水平。bax表达增高的程度大于bcl-2。 结论： 阻断颈部淋巴引流可导致淋巴滞留性脑病，大脑皮层神经细胞死亡以凋亡为主并与bcl-2和bax的表达增加有关。     

黄芪注射液对缺氧缺糖/复氧复糖大鼠海马神经元Bcl-2和Bax表达的影响

目的: 观察黄芪注射液对缺氧缺糖/复氧复糖大鼠海马神经元凋亡相关蛋白Bcl-2、Bax及其mRNA表达的影响。方法: 取原代培养8 d的大鼠海马神经元,随机分为4组:正常对照组、模型组(缺氧缺糖/复氧复糖组)、溶剂对照组(缺氧缺糖/复氧复糖+黄芪注射液溶剂处理组)和黄芪注射液处理组(缺氧缺糖/复氧复糖+黄芪注射液处理组)。除正常对照组外,各组均进行缺糖缺氧0.5 h,再分别于复氧复糖后0 h、0.5 h、2 h、6 h、24 h、72 h和120 h采用Western blotting法检测海马神经元Bcl-2和Bax蛋白的表达,RT-PCR法检测海马神经元bcl-2和bax mRNA的表达。结果: Western blotting结果显示:与正常对照组比,模型组Bcl-2和Bax蛋白表达明显升高,而Bcl-2/Bax比值下调(P<0.05);与模型组比,黄芪注射液处理组Bcl-2蛋白表达升高,Bax蛋白表达明显降低,Bcl-2/Bax比值升高( P<0.05),而溶剂对照组Bcl-2、Bax蛋白表达及Bcl-2/Bax比值则无显著变化(P>0.05)。bcl-2 mRNA、bax mRNA表达趋势同蛋白。结论: 黄芪注射液可提高缺氧缺糖/复氧复糖大鼠海马神经元Bcl-2表达及Bcl-2/Bax比值,抑制Bax表达,从而抑制缺氧缺糖/复氧复糖引起的海马神经元凋亡。     

母体肢体缺血预处理对宫内窘迫胎鼠复氧后海马神经元凋亡的影响*

 目的： 观察母体的肢体缺血预处理(LIP)对宫内窘迫胎鼠复氧后海马神经元凋亡的影响。方法: 采用微动脉夹阻断母鼠通向子宫和卵巢的动静脉15 min后开放以制备胎鼠宫内窘迫模型。孕19 d SD大鼠12只,随机分为4组：空白对照（S）组、LIP组、胎儿窘迫（FD）组和LIP+FD组。各组母鼠再灌注2 d时剖宫取活胎鼠12只断头取脑。TUNEL法测定胎鼠海马CA1区神经元凋亡情况,计算细胞凋亡指数;免疫组化法和Western blotting法测定Bcl-2和Bax蛋白的表达。结果: 与S组比较,FD组和LIP+FD组胎鼠海马CA1区神经元凋亡指数增加（P＜0.05）,Bcl-2蛋白表达增加,Bax蛋白表达增加,Bcl-2/Bax比值降低;与S组比较,LIP组胎鼠海马CA1的 Bcl-2、Bax蛋白表达及Bcl-2/Bax蛋白表达的比值无明显改变（P＞0.05）;与FD组比较,LIP+FD组细胞凋亡指数降低（P＜0.05）,Bcl-2/Bax比值增加。结论: 母体肢体缺血预处理减轻了宫内窘迫胎鼠复氧后海马神经元的凋亡,其机制可能与Bcl-2蛋白表达的上调相关。     

穴位埋线对血管性痴呆大鼠海马CA1区神经细胞凋亡的影响

目的 观察穴位埋线疗法对血管性痴呆（VD）大鼠海马CA1区神经细胞凋亡和Bcl-2 mRNA及Bax mRNA表达的影响,探讨穴位埋线对VD大鼠脑缺血性损伤的神经保护机制。 方法 采用改良Pulsinelli’s 4血管阻断法建立VD大鼠模型,随机数表法分为VD模型组、穴位埋线组、尼莫地平组,并设置假手术组作为对照。两个治疗组分别施行穴位埋线和尼莫地平治疗。Morris 水迷宫检测各组大鼠学习记忆能力后,取含海马的脑组织,TUNEL法检测海马CA1区神经细胞凋亡,原位杂交法检测其Bcl-2 mRNA及Bax mRNA表达,观察并比较各组大鼠海马神经细胞凋亡、蛋白表达的变化。 结果 VD模型组大鼠海马CA1区可见大量凋亡细胞、Bcl-2 mRNA 表达降低、Bax mRNA 的表达增高,与假手术组比较差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。VD模型组表现出明显的学习记忆障碍,与假手术组相比差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）;与VD模型组比较,穴位埋线组大鼠学习记忆能力显著提高（P＜0.01）,CA1区凋亡细胞明显减少（P＜0.01）,可见一定数量的Bcl-2 mRNA阳性细胞表达,而Bax mRNA阳性细胞表达较少。 结论 穴位埋线可通过上调VD大鼠海马CA1区Bcl-2 mRNA的表达、下调Bax mRNA 的表达,抑制海马神经细胞凋亡,改善VD大鼠学习记忆能力。     

糖调节受损大鼠学习记忆能力下降与海马神经细胞凋亡有关

目的探讨糖调节受损大鼠海马神经细胞凋亡与学习记忆能力的关系。方法用高脂高糖饲料饲养法建立糖调节受损大鼠模型;用Morris水迷宫法检测学习记忆能力;用TUNEL法检测海马神经细胞凋亡数目;用免疫组化和原位杂交技术检测海马神经细胞Bcl-2/Bax和Bcl-2 mRNA/Bax mRNA的表达。结果与NGT组相比,IGR组学习记忆能力下降(P0.05),海马神经细胞凋亡数增高(P0.05),Bcl-2、Bcl-2 mRNA表达减少(P0.05),Bax与Bax mRNA表达增加(P0.05)。IGR组学习、记忆能力与Bcl-2阳性表达呈正相关(P0.05),与Bax阳性表达呈负相关(P0.05)。结论糖调节受损与大鼠学习记忆能力下降有相关性,海马神经细胞凋亡可能是其重要机制之一。     

宁夏无果枸杞叶提取物对衰老小鼠海马神经细胞增殖及凋亡的影响

目的:观察宁夏无果枸杞叶提取物(FLE)对衰老小鼠脑海马区神经细胞增殖、凋亡及凋亡相关蛋白Bcl-2、Bax和Caspase-3表达的影响。方法:13月龄C57BL/6J雄性小鼠随机分为老年对照组和FLE低剂量组(FLE1组)、FLE中剂量组(FLE2组)、FIE高剂量组(FLE3组),6月龄为成年对照组。FLE1组、FIE2组、FLE3组分别用5 mg/kg、10 mg/kg、20 mg/kg FLE灌胃,0.2 mmol/I/(10 g·d),老年及成年对照组灌胃等量生理盐水,持续8周。流式细胞术检测海马区神经细胞凋亡率,免疫荧光组织化学方法观察小鼠海马齿状回神经细胞的增殖。免疫组化SP法及WesternBlot技术检测小鼠海马区凋亡蛋白Bcl-2、Bax、Caspase-3的表达,结果:流式细胞术检测结果显示,各组均检测到早期凋亡细胞,与成年对照组比较,老年对照组早期细胞凋亡率明显增多(P0.05);FLE2组、FLE3组早期细胞凋亡率明显低于FLEl组和老年对照组(P0.05)。免疫荧光染色结果显示:老年对照组海马齿状回神经细胞增殖率较成年对照组低(P0.05),FLE2及FLE3组小鼠海马齿状回神经细胞增殖率较老年对照组增高(P0.05)。免疫组化及Western Blot检测结果显示:老年对照组海马区Bcl-2蛋白的表达较成年对照组低(P0.01);Bax、Caspase-3蛋白的表达较成年对照组高(P0.01);FLE2及FLE3组Bcl-2蛋白的表达较老年对照组增加(P0.01);Bax、Caspase-3蛋白的表达量较老年对照组降低(p0.01)。结论:中、高浓度的FLE能够促进海马区神经细胞的增殖,提高凋亡蛋白Bcl-2表达,降低Bax、Caspase-3蛋白的表达,减少神经细胞的凋亡,发挥抗衰老作用。     

脑室注射链脲佐菌素对大鼠海马神经元凋亡相关蛋白表达的影响

目的 观察App17肽对脑室注射链脲佐菌素的大鼠海马神经元凋亡相关蛋白表达的影响,探讨胰岛素信号转导通路障碍对神经元存活的作用.方法脑室注射链脲佐菌素(STZ)制作大鼠痴呆模型.3周后,皮下注射App17肽.4周后取脑组织做Bcl-2、Bax、CytoC免疫组织化学染色及Western blotting半定量分析.结果 模型组大鼠海马内Bax、CytoC阳性反应神经元细胞数目多,胞质深染,细胞计数与正常组及治疗组有显著性差异(P＜0.01);模型组大鼠海马内Bcl-2阳性细胞数目少,胞质染色淡,细胞计数与正常组及治疗组有显著性差异(P＜0.01).Western blotting半定量分析可见、Bcl-2、Bax、CytoC出现清晰的条带,组间可见较明显的差异(P＜0.01).结论 脑室注射STZ的大鼠海马内促进凋亡的Bax、CytoC表达增加;抑制凋亡的Bcl-2表达降低.App17肽可影响上述蛋白的表达,使之接近正常.胰岛素信号转导通路对神经元存活有一定作用.     

亚硒酸钠通过线粒体途径诱导人胃癌SGC-7901细胞凋亡的机制

目的通过检测亚硒酸钠诱导人胃癌SGC-7901细胞系凋亡过程中Bax/Bcl-2、线粒体膜电位和细胞色素C(Cyt C)表达的变化,探讨亚硒酸钠诱导胃癌细胞凋亡的作用机制。方法将人胃癌细胞系SGC-7901细胞加入不同浓度亚硒酸钠(2.5、5.0、10.0mol/L)的培养液中培养24h、48h,免疫细胞化学法和免疫印迹法(Western blotting)检测Bax/Bcl-2蛋白的表达;以罗丹明123(rhodamine123)为细胞染色剂,采用流式细胞技术检测细胞的线粒体膜电位的变化;Western blotting检测细胞质Cyt C和线粒体Cyt C蛋白含量的变化。结果免疫细胞化学法和Western blotting检测结果显示,亚硒酸钠能够能够提高Bax蛋白的表达(P0.05)、降低Bcl-2蛋白的表达(P0.05),且呈剂量依懒性;流式细胞术结果显示,亚硒酸钠能够降低细胞线粒体膜电位;提示:亚硒酸钠可以通过改变Bax、Bcl-2蛋白的含量,降低线粒体的膜电位来诱导细胞凋亡。Western blotting检测结果显示,亚硒酸钠能够提高细胞质Cyt C蛋白的表达(P0.05)并降低线粒体内Cyt C蛋白的表达(P0.05),促使线粒体内的Cyt C向细胞质内释放。结论亚硒酸钠通过上调Bax并下调Bcl-2蛋白表达,降低线粒体膜电位,促进Cyt C从线粒体释放到细胞质,通过线粒体途径诱导人胃癌SGC-7901细胞凋亡。     

龙胆苦苷对新生大鼠氧糖剥夺再灌注损伤海马神经元Caspase-3、Bax和Bcl-2表达的影响

目的探讨龙胆苦苷(GP)对新生大鼠氧糖剥夺再灌注损伤海马神经元的抗凋亡保护作用及机制。方法采用无糖培养基加缺氧法建立原代新生大鼠海马神经元氧糖剥夺再灌注损伤模型,同时给予不同浓度的龙胆苦苷进行干预。应用Hoechst 33342染色法检测神经细胞的凋亡,并计算凋亡率;化学比色法测定神经细胞乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)漏出率;RT-PCR和Western blotting技术检测凋亡相关因子Caspase-3、Bax和Bcl-2 m RNA和蛋白的表达。结果与正常组比较,模型组Hoechst 33342染色神经元凋亡率明显升高,LDH漏出率增加,Caspase-3、Bax m RNA和蛋白的表达水平上调,Bcl-2 m RNA和蛋白的表达水平下降。与模型组比较,龙胆苦苷(40、20、10mg/L)可显著降低氧糖剥夺再灌注损伤神经元的凋亡率和LDH漏出率;龙胆苦苷(40mg/L)可明显抑制Caspase-3、Bax m RNA和蛋白的表达,升高Bcl-2 m RNA和蛋白的表达。结论龙胆苦苷对新生大鼠海马神经元氧糖剥夺再灌注损伤所诱发的神经细胞凋亡具有保护作用,其机制可能与上调Bcl-2表达,抑制Caspase-3、Bax表达有关。     

The β2-adrenoceptor agonist clenbuterol modulates Bcl-2, Bcl-xl and Bax protein expression following transient forebrain ischemia

It is well known that proteins encoded by the Bcl-2 gene family play a major role in the regulation of apoptosis. We have demonstrated previously that neuronal apoptosis can be induced in the hippocampus and striatum after global ischemia. Clenbuterol, a β₂-adrenoceptor agonist, showed considerable activity against neuronal apoptosis. In the present study, we attempted to find out whether the members of the Bcl-2 family are induced after ischemia, and whether expression of these genes could be altered by clenbuterol. Transient forebrain ischemia was performed in male Wistar rats by clamping both common carotid arteries and reducing the blood pressure to 40 mmHg for 10 min. Clenbuterol (0.5 mg/kg, i.p.) or vehicle were injected 3 h before onset of ischemia or in non-ischemic rats. The hippocampus and striatum were taken from non-ischemic rats 3, 6 and 24 h after injection of clenbuterol, as well as from drug-treated and untreated rats 6 and 24 h after ischemia. Eighty micrograms/lane total protein were loaded on a 15% sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel for western blotting. Bcl-2, Bax and Bcl-xl proteins were detectable in the non-ischemic hippocampus and the striatum. Clenbuterol up-regulated the expression of Bcl-2 protein at 3, 6 and 24 h after administration. Enhanced Bcl-xl signals were found in the non-ischemic striatum 3, 6 and 24 h after clenbuterol treatment, but no change of Bcl-xl expression by clenbuterol was seen in the non-ischemic hippocampus. Bax expression was not altered by clenbuterol in the non-ischemic hippocampus and striatum. Bcl-2 was up-regulated in both detected regions at 24 h after ischemia, while the increase in Bax and Bcl-xl protein expression had appeared already at 6 h and also 24 h after ischemia. Clenbuterol further increased the expression of Bcl-2 at 6 and 24 h after ischemia. In contrast, Bax protein level was down-regulated by clenbuterol at 6 and 24 h after ischemia. Clenbuterol also increased Bcl-xl level in the ischemic striatum.The results suggest that global ischemia induces proto-oncogenes which are associated with apoptosis. Clenbuterol not only increased Bcl-2 expression in the non-ischemic hippocampus and striatum, but also up-regulated Bcl-2 and down-regulated Bax expression in the ischemic hippocampus and striatum. The increase in the ratio of Bcl-2 and Bax may contribute to the anti-apoptotic effect of clenbuterol. The present study indicates that pharmacological modulation of Bcl-2 family member expression could become a new strategy to interfere with neuronal damage.     

The beta2-adrenoceptor agonist clenbuterol modulates Bcl-2, Bcl-xl and Bax protein expression following transient forebrain ischemia.

It is well known that proteins encoded by the Bcl-2 gene family play a major role in the regulation of apoptosis. We have demonstrated previously that neuronal apoptosis can be induced in the hippocampus and striatum after global ischemia. Clenbuterol, a β₂-adrenoceptor agonist, showed considerable activity against neuronal apoptosis. In the present study, we attempted to find out whether the members of the Bcl-2 family are induced after ischemia, and whether expression of these genes could be altered by clenbuterol. Transient forebrain ischemia was performed in male Wistar rats by clamping both common carotid arteries and reducing the blood pressure to 40 mmHg for 10 min. Clenbuterol (0.5 mg/kg, i.p.) or vehicle were injected 3 h before onset of ischemia or in non-ischemic rats. The hippocampus and striatum were taken from non-ischemic rats 3, 6 and 24 h after injection of clenbuterol, as well as from drug-treated and untreated rats 6 and 24 h after ischemia. Eighty micrograms/lane total protein were loaded on a 15% sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel for western blotting. Bcl-2, Bax and Bcl-xl proteins were detectable in the non-ischemic hippocampus and the striatum. Clenbuterol up-regulated the expression of Bcl-2 protein at 3, 6 and 24 h after administration. Enhanced Bcl-xl signals were found in the non-ischemic striatum 3, 6 and 24 h after clenbuterol treatment, but no change of Bcl-xl expression by clenbuterol was seen in the non-ischemic hippocampus. Bax expression was not altered by clenbuterol in the non-ischemic hippocampus and striatum. Bcl-2 was up-regulated in both detected regions at 24 h after ischemia, while the increase in Bax and Bcl-xl protein expression had appeared already at 6 h and also 24 h after ischemia. Clenbuterol further increased the expression of Bcl-2 at 6 and 24 h after ischemia. In contrast, Bax protein level was down-regulated by clenbuterol at 6 and 24 h after ischemia. Clenbuterol also increased Bcl-xl level in the ischemic striatum.

The results suggest that global ischemia induces proto-oncogenes which are associated with apoptosis. Clenbuterol not only increased Bcl-2 expression in the non-ischemic hippocampus and striatum, but also up-regulated Bcl-2 and down-regulated Bax expression in the ischemic hippocampus and striatum. The increase in the ratio of Bcl-2 and Bax may contribute to the anti-apoptotic effect of clenbuterol. The present study indicates that pharmacological modulation of Bcl-2 family member expression could become a new strategy to interfere with neuronal damage.     

Treadmill exercise inhibits traumatic brain injury-induced hippocampal apoptosis

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) occurs when an outside force impacts the brain. The main problem associated with TBI is neuronal cell death of the brain, and the outcome of TBI ranges from complete recovery to permanent disability, and sometimes death. Physical exercise is known to ameliorate neurologic impairment induced by various brain insults. In the present study, we investigated the effects of treadmill exercise on short-term memory and apoptosis in the hippocampus following TBI in rats. TBI was induced by an electromagnetic-controlled cortical impact. The rats in the exercise group were forced to run on a treadmill for 30 min once daily for 10 consecutive days, beginning 2 days after induction of TBI. For the current study, a step-down avoidance task, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, Western blot for Bcl-2 and Bax, and immunohistochemistry for caspase-3 were conducted. The present results revealed that TBI impaired short-term memory, and increased DNA fragmentation and caspase-3 expression in the hippocampus. Induction of TBI also enhanced expression of pro-apoptotic factor Bax protein and suppressed expression of anti-apoptotic factor Bcl-2 protein in the hippocampus. Treadmill exercise alleviated short-term memory impairment, and decreased DNA fragmentation and caspase-3 expression in the hippocampus. In addition, treadmill exercise remarkably suppressed expression of Bax protein and slightly increased expression of Bcl-2 protein in TBI-induced rats. The present study showed that treadmill exercise might overcome TBI-induced apoptotic neuronal cell death, thus facilitating recovery following TBI.     

创伤后应激障碍大鼠海马神经元凋亡的形态学变化及相关基因表达

目的 探讨创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)大鼠海马神经元Bcl-2和Bax的表达及与神经元凋亡的关系.方法 采用国际认定的SPS方法刺激大鼠建立PTSD大鼠模型,取SPS刺激后1d、4d、7d、14d组和正常对照组.应用透射电镜和原位末端标记法观察PTSD大鼠海马神经元细胞凋亡的形态学变化并检测细胞凋亡指数;应用免疫组织化学、免疫荧光双标、激光共焦显微镜技术和免疫印迹法检测Bel-2和Bax蛋白的表达. 结果 PTSD大鼠海马神经元出现细胞凋亡改变;凋亡细胞数量随时问的延长而逐渐增多,于SPS刺激后7d达高峰;Bel-2蛋白于SPS刺激后4d达高峰;Bax蛋白于SPS刺激后7d达高峰,之后逐渐下降.Bcl-2/Bax的比值于SPS刺激后一过性增加,以后随时间延长比值下降. 结论海马神经元细胞凋亡可能是PTSD大鼠海马萎缩的原因之一;Bel-2和Bax蛋白含量增加以及两者的比值失衡可能是导致PTSD大鼠海马神经元凋亡的原因之一.     

加味脑泰方对去势脑缺血大鼠海马ATF4/CHOP/Puma通路的影响

目的:研究加味脑泰方对去卵巢脑缺血大鼠海马活化转录因子4 (ATF4)/C/EBP同源蛋白(CHOP)/p53上调凋亡调控因子(Puma)通路的影响。方法:将雌性大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、加味脑泰方组和阳性对照组,除假手术组外,其它大鼠均行去卵巢术;术后11 d,阳性对照组和加味脑泰方组给予相应药物灌胃,连续灌胃3 d后行脑缺血术。术后24 h进行行为学评价,取海马组织行RT-qPCR检测Bax、Bcl-2和caspase-3的mRNA表达,Western blot检测各组大鼠海马组织中Bax、Bcl-2、caspase-3、ATF4、CHOP和Puma蛋白表达。结果:与假手术组比较,各组的海马神经功能评分明显增高;与模型组比较,加味脑泰方组与阳性对照组的神经功能评分明显降低(P 0.05)。与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠海马Bax、caspase-3、ATF4、CHOP和Puma的蛋白表达及Bax和caspase-3的mRNA表达明显升高,而Bcl-2的mRNA和蛋白表达明显降低(P 0.05);与模型组比较,加味脑泰方明显降低Bax、caspase-3、ATF4、CHOP和Puma表达,提高Bcl-2表达(P 0.05)。结论:加味脑泰方可能通过抑制ATF4/CHOP/Puma通路相关mRNA及蛋白的表达而减轻脑缺血损伤。     

莫诺苷对血管性痴呆大鼠的治疗作用研究

目的　研究莫诺苷对血管性痴呆模型大鼠的作用及其机制。 方法　大鼠随机分为假手术组(Sham组)、模型组(VD组)、VD+Mor(25、50和100 mg)组,灌胃给药1次/d,连续28 d。Morris水迷宫测试空间学习记忆能力;HE染色观察脑组织病理学改变;TUNEL法检测海马细胞凋亡;ELISA测定血清SOD、MDA和LDH水平;Western Blot法检测海马Bax/Bcl-2,cyto胞质水平,caspase-9,caspase-3和p53蛋白表达水平。 结果　莫诺苷改善血管痴呆大鼠学习记忆能力;抑制脑组织病理学改变;降低细胞凋亡;提高血清SOD,降低MDA、LDH含量;并抑制Bax/Bcl-2,cyto胞质水平,caspase-9、caspase-3及p53蛋白表达。 结论　莫诺苷改善血管性痴呆大鼠的记忆能力和病理改变,降低脑组织细胞凋亡率和自由基水平,抑制线粒体凋亡通路蛋白表达,对血管性痴呆大鼠起到治疗作用。     

莫诺苷对血管性痴呆大鼠的治疗作用研究

目的　研究莫诺苷对血管性痴呆模型大鼠的作用及其机制。 方法　大鼠随机分为假手术组(Sham组)、模型组(VD组)、VD+Mor(25、50和100 mg)组,灌胃给药1次/d,连续28 d。Morris水迷宫测试空间学习记忆能力;HE染色观察脑组织病理学改变;TUNEL法检测海马细胞凋亡;ELISA测定血清SOD、MDA和LDH水平;Western Blot法检测海马Bax/Bcl-2,cyto胞质水平,caspase-9,caspase-3和p53蛋白表达水平。 结果　莫诺苷改善血管痴呆大鼠学习记忆能力;抑制脑组织病理学改变;降低细胞凋亡;提高血清SOD,降低MDA、LDH含量;并抑制Bax/Bcl-2,cyto胞质水平,caspase-9、caspase-3及p53蛋白表达。 结论　莫诺苷改善血管性痴呆大鼠的记忆能力和病理改变,降低脑组织细胞凋亡率和自由基水平,抑制线粒体凋亡通路蛋白表达,对血管性痴呆大鼠起到治疗作用。     

银杏叶提取物对1型糖尿病大鼠认知功能及海马神经细胞凋亡的影响

目的： 探讨银杏叶提取物(EGB)对1型糖尿病脑病大鼠海马神经细胞的保护机制。方法: 36只SD雄性大鼠随机分为正常对照组（C组）、糖尿病模型组(DM组)、银杏叶提取物治疗组（EGB组）。用链脲佐菌素（STZ）腹腔注射建立糖尿病动物模型,EGB组腹腔注射银杏叶提取物注射液,其余2组给予同等体积的生理盐水。于12周末通过Morris水迷宫法评价各组大鼠学习记忆能力并测定血清中的血糖和胰岛素浓度;用Image-Pro Plus 6.0图像分析技术检测大鼠海马组织神经细胞密度;Western blotting和免疫组织化学法检测其Bax、Bcl-2和caspase-3蛋白的表达。结果: DM组大鼠血糖浓度(P<0.01)、海马神经细胞中Bax(P<0.01)、caspase-3(P<0.01)蛋白的表达、Bax/ Bcl-2比例 (P<0.01)及Morris水迷宫潜伏期(P<0.01)均高于C组,而胰岛素水平(P<0.01)、海马CA1和CA2区域的神经细胞密度(P<0.05) 及Morris水迷宫搜索策略能力(P<0.01)均低于C组。EGB干预治疗后大鼠胰岛素水平(P<0.05)、海马CA1和CA2区域的神经细胞密度(P<0.05) 及Morris水迷宫搜索策略能力(P<0.01)均高于DM组,而血糖浓度(P<0.01)、海马组织中Bax(P<0.05)、caspase-3(P<0.05)蛋白的表达、Bax/ Bcl-2比例 (P<0.01) 及Morris水迷宫潜伏期(P<0.05)均低于DM组。各实验组大鼠Bcl-2蛋白的表达没有明显变化。结论: 银杏叶提取物提高糖尿病大鼠的空间学习记忆能力,可能通过减少Bax、caspase-3蛋白表达、降低Bax/ Bcl-2比例,从而减少神经细胞的凋亡,提高神经细胞密度而发挥作用。提示通过有效调节神经元凋亡相关基因是EGB治疗糖尿病脑病的的重要作用机制之一。