异体巩膜移植治疗眼睑全层缺损的疗效观察

目的探讨异体巩膜移植替代睑板重建眼睑的临床效果。方法对18例（18只眼）因肿瘤切除术或外伤造成的眼睑缺损患者,用保存巩膜行异体移植,部分联合羊膜移植,重建眼睑。结果术后随访5个月至2年,18例眼睑修复重建后均未发生排斥反应,功能恢复良好。结论异体巩膜移植治疗眼睑全层缺损,取材方便,手术方法简单易行,可以减少患者多处手术的痛苦,能达到恢复眼睑功能和美容效果,是一种理想的手术方式。     

异体巩膜移植修复眼睑缺损临床观察

目的 观察同种异体巩膜及自体皮瓣移植修复眼睑恶性肿瘤组织学控制性切除及严重眼外伤造成眼睑缺损的远期效果。方法 22例(22只眼)眼睑缺损患者，全部用异体巩膜及自体皮瓣移植行眼睑修复。结果 术后随访5个月～16年。13例恶性肿瘤患者以及9例严重外伤后眼睑完全或大部缺损患者。眼睑修复重建后均无功能障碍。其中眼睑恶性肿瘤患者均无复发。结论 组织学控制性切除眼睑肿瘤疗效确切，异体巩膜移植加自体皮瓣移植重建眼睑有利于恢复眼睑的形态和功能，手术效果良好，总有效率达100％。     

异体巩膜联合生物羊膜移植修复眼睑全层大缺损临床观察

目的 探讨异体巩膜联合生物羊膜移植替代睑板修复眼睑全层大缺损的远期效果.方法 对39例因肿瘤切除术或外伤造成的眼睑全层大缺损(超过睑长四分之一时)患者行异体巩膜联合羊膜移植替代睑板的眼睑重建术,并随访观察半年至5年.结果 39例患者经眼睑重建术后,植片生长良好,功能正常,对眼球无刺激,对视功能无影响,肿瘤未见复发.结论 异体巩膜联合生物羊膜移植替代睑板修复眼睑全层大缺损远期疗效确切,术后眼睑形态、功能恢复良好,不影响视功能,是一种较为理想的手术方式.     

眼睑肿瘤切除联合异体睑板移植眼睑成形术

目的观察恶性肿瘤同种异体睑板及自体皮瓣移植修复的效果。方法12例肿瘤切除后眼睑缺损者，全部用异体睑板及自体皮瓣行眼睑重建修复。结果术后随访1～4年，12例（12眼）均无肿瘤复发，无功能障碍。结论手术切除肿瘤疗效确切，异体睑板移植加自体皮瓣重建眼睑有利于恢复眼睑的形态和功能，手术效果良好，是较理想的睑板移植材料。     

眼睑恶性肿瘤切除术后异体巩膜移植的眼睑再造

目的：探讨眼睑恶性肿瘤切除术后异体巩膜移植的眼睑再造手术效果。方法：采用保存的异体巩膜代替睑板，对28例眼睑恶性肿瘤切除术后进行眼睑再造术，6例皮肤除较大，行皮瓣转位及游离植皮，4例外眦韧带切除者，将巩膜移植片外侧延长固定于眶骨缘以代替外眦韧带，术后随访3－72月，平均37．5月。结果：28例术后均未见排异反应，眼睑外观满意；运动自如，闭合良好，结论：较大的眼睑恶性肿瘤切除的患者采用异体巩膜移植眼睑再造术，能达到保持眼睑功能和美容的效果。     

异体巩膜移植治疗眼睑缺损

通过异体巩膜移植再造眼睑的手术,能够使因如肿瘤的切除手术或者外伤等原因所造成的眼睑部分缺损的患者得到修补和治愈,我们重点介绍4例异体巩膜移植再造眼睑手术来对手术进行总结。     

眼睑恶性肿瘤切除术后Ⅰ期眼睑重建的手术方法探讨

目的探讨眼睑恶性肿瘤切除术后Ⅰ期进行眼睑重建的手术方法 ,并评价其安全性和有效性。方法利用眼睑邻近皮瓣转移或游离植皮联合口腔粘膜移植对23例（23只眼）眼睑恶性肿瘤患者进行肿瘤切除并眼睑重建。病理诊断示：基底细胞癌15例,睑板腺癌6例,恶性黑色素瘤1例,汗腺癌1例。结果 23例术后眼睑外观满意,视功能无影响。结论眼睑恶性肿瘤切除术后Ⅰ期眼睑重建在眼睑外形和功能上可获得满意的效果。     

眼部烧伤眼睑全层缺损修复术成功的影响因素

目的探讨影响游离皮瓣联合异体巩膜、羊膜移植修复眼睑缺损成功的因素。方法选择2000年2月-2007年10月西安市眼科医院收治的41例（41眼）的眼烧伤眼睑全层缺损者。其中热烧伤15例,碱烧伤20例,酸烧伤6例。烧伤后3～24个月,行大腿内侧游离皮瓣联合同种异体巩膜及羊膜移植术。其中5例联合行睑球粘连分离及板层角膜移植术。术后随访6—36个月。结果眼睑再造术41例中有35例眼睑重建成功,移植片成活,其中5例在6～12个月出现瘢痕收缩,使眼睑部分闭合不全。6例术后2周出现皮瓣愈合不良、脱落、溶解。结论自体游离皮瓣联合同种异体巩膜、羊膜移植修复眼烧伤所致的眼睑全层缺损,是临床治疗烧伤眼睑缺损的有效方法。手术时机的选择、烧伤程度的评估、手术方法的改善是决定手术成功的重要因素。     

异体巩膜移植治疗眼睑恶性肿瘤术后睑板缺损的临床观察

目的：探讨异体巩膜移植在眼睑恶性肿瘤切除术后睑板缺损重建手术中的临床效果。

方法：对24例24眼眼睑恶性肿瘤术后睑板缺损长度大于1/2睑板的患者实施眼睑重建, 利用异体巩膜替代睑板,异体巩膜材料取自眼库。

结果：术后3～12mo随访,眼睑重建术后形态良好,未出现明显的异体巩膜溶解或排斥反应; 巩膜脉络膜面均被结膜细胞移行覆盖,异体巩膜与皮肤粘连紧密,缺损区修复完整。4眼出现睑缘轻、中度内翻后行眼睑内翻矫正。2眼出现不同程度睑球粘连,行睑球粘连分离手术。

结论：异体巩膜具有材质稳定性好、组织相容性佳、取材保存方便、手术操作简单易行等优点。术后眼睑功能良好、外观满意,是理想的睑板替代材料。     

异体巩膜联合自体结膜滑行瓣修复眼睑缺损

目的探讨异体巩膜联合自体结膜滑行瓣修复眼睑全层缺损的ll缶床效果。方法对10例因肿瘤切除术或外伤后造成的眼睑全层缺损范围等于或大于1／3眼睑的患者行异体巩膜移植联合自体结膜滑行瓣修复眼睑后层缺损,并随访观察半年至2年。结果全部病例经眼睑重建术后,异体巩膜无溶解或排斥现象,植片生长良好,无巩膜暴露,眼睑形态基本正常,对眼球无刺激,对视功能无影响,肿瘤未见复发。结论对于因肿瘤切除术或外伤造成的眼睑全层缺损,异体巩膜联合自体结膜滑行瓣术式是一种有效的手术方式。     

眼睑恶性肿瘤22例手术报告

目的观察眼睑恶性肿瘤组织学控制性切除术后行眼睑成形或再造的手术效果。方法对22例（22眼）眼呤恶性肿瘤切除后根据眼睑缺损范围及部位采用不同方法行成形或再造手术治疗。结果22眼术后眼睑完整，形态及功能基本正常，随访5月～2年，局部肿瘤未复发。结论眼睑恶性肿瘤经组织学控制性切除所造成的眼睑缺损，通过成形或再造手术，效果良好。异体巩膜是替代睑板行眼睑再造的适用材料。     

Amniotic membrane in the surgical management of acute toxic epidermal necrolysis

OBJECTIVE: To report a new surgical technique to manage severe acute toxic epidermal necrolysis. DESIGN: Two interventional case reports. PARTICIPANTS: Two patients. Case 1: A 6-year-old boy had severe toxic epidermal necrolysis develop after being treated with trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole for chronic otitis media. Both eyes and eyelids were affected. He underwent bilateral lysis of symblepharon and all adhesions and bilateral amniotic membrane transplantation to the entire ocular surface except the cornea. Loss of eyelid skin required transplantation of amniotic membrane to all four eyelids and strips of amniotic membrane at the eyelid margins. Case 2: An 8-year-old girl with severe toxic epidermal necrolysis associated with mycoplasma pneumonia had bilateral, diffuse keratoconjunctivitis, diffuse corneal epithelial defects, and bilateral symblepharon. Amniotic membrane transplantation was performed bilaterally, using a symblepharon ring in the left eye. INTERVENTION: Amniotic membrane transplantation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Preservation of normal ocular and eyelid surfaces and prevention of blindness. RESULTS: Case 1: Thirty-six months after bilateral ocular surgery, there is no symblepharon, good ocular surface wetting, and an uncorrected bilateral vision of 20/20. Case 2: Amniotic membrane transplantation protected both ocular surfaces and prevented conjunctival contracture without adhesion of the eyelids to the ocular surface. The central vision was preserved. There was minimal peripheral corneal vascularization and mild conjunctival scarring of the tarsal conjunctival surface 34 months postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: These are the first cases of acute toxic epidermal necrolysis treated with amniotic membrane transplantation and the first use of the procedure on external eyelid surfaces with good healing of the eyelids. This new treatment for acute toxic epidermal necrolysis preserves normal ocular and eyelid surfaces and may prevent blindness.     

多层新鲜羊膜移植联合结膜囊成形术治疗结膜囊狭窄

目的:探讨多层新鲜羊膜移植术治疗结膜囊狭窄的临床疗效。方法:对52例(52眼)结膜囊狭窄、无法安装义眼的患者行结膜囊成形术,根据结膜囊狭窄的不同程度分为3组。将2~3层新鲜羊膜上皮面朝上移植于结膜缺损区,上下睑缘褥式缝合。每周打开眼睑并用荧光素试纸染色,观察结膜上皮生长情况。术后3mo拆除上下眼睑缝线,定制合适的义眼。结果:术后随访12mo。术后4wk51眼羊膜表面全部被结膜上皮覆盖,有1眼发生羊膜上皮融解,结膜上皮未愈。术后3moⅠ度结膜囊狭窄(A组)15眼全部治愈;Ⅱ度结膜囊狭窄(B组)17眼中15眼治愈,2眼好转;Ⅲ度结膜囊狭窄(C组)20眼中16眼治愈,3眼好转,1眼无效。Ⅲ度结膜囊狭窄患者手术成功率与Ⅰ度、Ⅱ度结膜囊狭窄患者比较,其差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。结论:多层新鲜羊膜移植联合结膜囊成形术是治疗结膜囊狭窄的有效方法,同样适用于重度结膜囊狭窄。     

深低温保存羊膜在結膜重建中的臨床應用

目的評價深低温保存羊膜移植進行結膜重建的手術療效,并分析羊膜移植結膜重建手術成功的基本條件和具體手術方法與操作要點.方法用深低温保存的羊膜治療43例結膜整形患者.無眼球結膜囊狹窄10例,大面積結膜腫瘤13例,瞼球粘連9例,復發性胬肉7例,并嘗試對少數病例(4例)義眼座暴露,進行羊膜修補.結果隨診6～18個月,總治愈率達88.64%,無眼球結膜囊狹窄的治愈率為80%,瞼球粘連的治愈率達88.89%,大面積結膜腫瘤和復發性胬肉的治愈率皆為100%,而應用深低温保存羊膜修補羲眼座暴露,治愈率祗有50%.結論深低温保存的羊膜是一種有良好發展前景的生物材料,羊膜移植結膜重建術後整形外觀良好.在具體實踐中,結膜重建的手術效果不僅與羊膜的制備和保存有關,而且受手術方式的選擇,手術操作技巧以及術後處理的强烈影響.     

Treatment of large conjunctival nevus by resection and reconstruction using amniotic membrane

Background Nevus of the bulbar conjunctiva is a benign pigmented lesion of the ocular surface. Unless a biopsy is required for ruling out malignant melanoma, a nevus is usually excised for cosmetic reasons only. However, with large lesions involving two or more quadrants of the bulbar conjunctiva, a total resection can be difficult. In this report, we present a case of a huge nevus treated by surgical excision and amniotic membrane transplantation for reconstruction of the bulbar conjunctiva.Methods A 54-year-old Japanese man was referred to our clinic with suspected malignant tumor of the bulbar conjunctiva in his right eye. A large and diffuse pigmented tumor with numerous small cysts was present mainly on the upper bulbar conjunctiva. Resection of the conjunctival tumor and amniotic membrane transplantation for reconstruction of the bulbar conjunctiva were performed.Results The histopathological diagnosis was conjunctival nevus. Epithelialization of the bulbar conjunctiva over the amniotic membrane sheet was completed 4 weeks after resection. At 44-month follow-up, there was no recurrence or any postoperative complication.Conclusion Surgical resection combined with reconstruction by amniotic membrane transplantation is effective for the treatment of large conjunctival nevus.     

Amniotic membrane graft in the surgical management of cryptophthalmos

PURPOSE: To describe a case of cryptophthalmos in which an amniotic membrane graft was used in reconstruction of the upper eyelid and fornix. METHODS: The surgical history of a patient with partial cryptophthalmos is presented. RESULTS: Successful creation of a superior fornix in a case of partial cryptophthalmos was achieved only after an amniotic membrane graft was used. CONCLUSIONS: Amniotic membrane is a useful resource for fornix reconstruction in cryptophthalmos.     

眼睑恶性肿瘤切除术后中重度眼睑缺损的Ⅰ期修复

目的:探讨眼睑恶性肿瘤切除术后中重度眼睑缺损I期修复的手术方法和疗效。方法:2010-01/2011-10对11例11眼患者行眼睑恶性肿瘤切除术后,利用硬腭黏膜移植联合眼周皮瓣或游离皮瓣修复眼睑全层缺损行眼睑再造术。其中男3例,女8例,年龄38～77岁,眼睑全部缺损4例,1/2～2/3眼睑缺损7例。眼睑基底细胞癌6例,睑板腺癌4例,眼睑鳞状细胞癌1例。结果:术后眼睑外观及功能恢复满意,随诊6～24mo无1例肿瘤复发。结论:硬腭黏膜移植联合眼周皮瓣或游离皮瓣修复眼睑恶性肿瘤切除术后中重度眼睑全层缺损,在眼睑外形和功能上可获得满意的效果,疗效肯定,具有较高的临床价值。     

Hughes technique, amniotic membrane allograft, and topical chemotherapy in conjunctival melanoma with eyelid involvement

A 59-year-old woman presented with a pigmented mass in the inferior tarsal conjunctiva of the left eye with an associated diffuse, multifocal pigmentation involving largely the inferior half of the bulbar conjunctiva, fornix, and eyelid skin. Histopathologic examination of map biopsies disclosed conjunctival melanoma from primary acquired melanosis. Surgical excision of the inferior bulbar conjunctiva, fornix, and lower eyelid with histopathologic free margins was performed. Adjuvant cryotherapy was applied. The bulbar conjunctiva and lower fornix were reconstructed with an amniotic membrane allograft. Lower eyelid reconstruction was accomplished by use of the Hughes technique. Topical mitomycin C (0.04%) was applied after surgery. After 2 years of follow-up, no tumor recurrence has been detected and the eyelid and conjunctival defect have been satisfactorily corrected. This combined surgical procedure using amniotic membrane allograft and a composite tarsoconjunctival flap is shown to be useful in the treatment of an advanced conjunctival neoplasia with extensive eyelid involvement.     

用外侧眶骨膜瓣代替睑板行眼睑重建术

目的 评价用外侧眶骨膜瓣代替睑板行外侧眼睑重建术的手术效果.方法 回顾性分析13例外眦部眼睑肿瘤切除术后患者的临床资料,其中眼睑基底细胞癌7例,睑板腺癌4例,鳞状细胞癌2例,切除肿瘤同时一期用外侧眶骨膜代替睑板,用颧部或颊部的旋转皮瓣或滑行皮瓣修复缺损皮肤行眼睑重建术.结果 术后随访8～56个月,未发现肿瘤复发,所有患者眼睑形态自然,双侧睑裂基本对称,眼睑活动好,无眼睑切迹及内翻倒睫和外翻情况出现.患者对手术疗效表示满意.结论 用外侧眶骨膜瓣代替睑板行眼睑重建术对于外侧眼睑缺损在1/3-2/3范围内且肿瘤未影响到眶骨的患者,尤其对于同时影响上下睑的患者的眼睑修复是一种较好的方法 .(中华眼科杂志,2009,45:127-130)