小鼠脑细胞内游离钙浓度与高血黏度致脑血管病的相关性

目的：探讨高血黏度致脑损伤的分子机制。方法：采用尾静脉注射100g／L高分子葡萄糖酐法建立小鼠高血黏度动物模型，以Fluo-3／AM为细胞内游离钙离子的荧光指示剂，用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜测定脑细胞内[Ca^2+]i的变化。结果：高血黏度组小鼠脑细胞的荧光强度明显高于对照组，高血黏度组小鼠脑细胞的平均荧光强度为115．96&;#177;37．32，而对照组小鼠脑细胞的平均荧光强度为41．49&;#177;10．89，两者的差异有非常显著性意义(P&;lt;0．001)。说明高血黏度组小鼠脑细胞内的游离Ca^2+浓度明显高于正常组脑细胞内的游离Ca^2+浓度。相关分析显示脑细胞内的游离Ca^2+浓度与全血黏度有显著相关性(r^ηH=O．769，r^ηL=0．821，P&;lt;0．001)。结论：高血黏度致脑细胞内钙超载是其致脑损伤的分子机制之一。     

16 Hz次声暴露对人脐静脉血管内皮细胞内钙离子浓度的影响

目的一定声压级水平的次声作用可引起组织器官的损伤.研究16 Hz,90,110和130dB的次声暴露对人脐血管内皮细胞(ECV-304)内钙离子浓度的影响,探讨次声对细胞损伤作用的机制.方法实验于2003-10/2004-06在西安第四军医大学附属一院物理医学与康复医学科次声实验室及电镜中心完成.将ECV-304接种于细胞爬片上,并分为对照组、假暴露组和16 Hz,90,110和130dB的次声暴露组.对实验组的细胞作2 h的次声暴露,采用钙离子荧光探针结合激光扫描共聚焦显微镜观察次声暴露后细胞内钙离子浓度的变化.结果经次声暴露2 h后,90dB次声暴露组(427.4±57.1)、110dB次声暴露组(489.1±63.7)和130dB次声暴露组(531.3±61.9)与对照组比较,差异均有显著性意义(t=8.6,6.9,8.3,P＜0.01).130dB组的细胞内钙离子浓度明显高于90dB组(t=3.0,P＜0.05).结论不同声压级水平的16 Hz次声暴露可导致血管内皮细胞内钙离子浓度的不同程度增高,从而引起机体血管内皮细胞的损伤性改变,且钙离子浓度的增高与声压级水平相关.     

UF-500i全自动尿有形成份分析仪与显微镜检查结果的对比分析

目的 比较Sysmex UF-500i尿沉渣分析仪检查测定尿液有形成分与显微镜检查结果,对比两者符合率及其影响因素.方法 选取我院住院及门诊患者新鲜尿液800份,每份尿液均采用UF-500i尿沉渣分析和显微镜镜检两种仪器进行检测.结果 800份受检尿液中,UF- 500i检测红细胞阳性261例,镜检法测出195例,符合率74.7％,假阳性率为25.3％,UF-500i检测白细胞阳性202例,镜检法检出异常194例,符合率96％,假阳性率为4.0％.UF-500i检测透明管型阳性573例,镜检法检测出异常为510例,符合率89.0％,假阳性率为11.0％％,UF-500i检测病理管型阳性524例,镜检法检测出异常为412例,符合率78.6％,假阳性率为21.4％.结论 尿液中有形成分复杂,UF-500i不能完全取代显微镜镜检,只是大批置标本分析时的一种过筛手段,对UF-500i检测结果用性者仍需用显微镜复检,以提高报告结果的准确度.     

尿沉渣分析仪与显微镜测定尿液有形成分对比分析

目的 比较全自动尿沉渣分析仪(UF-100)和显微镜对尿液有形成分检查的结果.方法 收集596份尿液样本,分别进行UF-100全自动尿沉渣分析仪与显微镜检测.结果 红细胞检测中UF-100假阳性率为5.7%,假阴性率为1.2%,二者总符合率为93.1%;白细胞检测中UF-100假阳性率为2.2%,假阴性率为1.7%,二者总符合率为96.1%;管型检测中UF-100假阳性率为9.9%,假阴性率为0.3%,二者总符合率为89.8%.结论 UF-100全自动尿沉渣分析仪应结合传统的沉渣镜检来验证、校准和补充,防止漏检.     

血细胞分析仪筛选后镜检的临床意义

血细胞分析仪的普及对提高血常规的准确性和重复性，减轻劳动强度起了促进作用，但是血细胞分析仪只能作为一种筛选手段；当遇到可疑情况，尤其是白血病的血细胞分析，其测定结果并不可靠，需要操作人员显微镜复查血细胞形态。但现在国内各家医院检验科实际镜检率在0％～15％，大部分小于5％或不镜检，直接发出报告，结果容易造成白血病和其他血液病漏误诊。现将我院应用血细胞分析仪筛选后镜检的应用介绍如下。     

全血Ca、Mg浓度与原发性高血压的相关性分析

[目的]研究全血Ca、Mg浓度与原发性高血压的相关关系.[方法]随机测定108例全血Ca、Mg浓度.分析其与血压的相关及线性回归关系.[结果]高血压组全血Ca、Mg浓度低于血压正常组(t=4.00、6.22,P<0.01),全血Ca、Mg浓度与血压呈负相关.全血Ca、Mg浓度与血压有线性回归关系,与舒张压回归方程为Y=119.599-13.203Ca-10.476Mg,与收缩压的回归方程为Y=250.840-43.278Ca-34.182Mg.[结论]全血Ca、Mg与血压呈负相关且有线性回归关系,Ca对血压的影响大于Mg.     

血管紧张素Ⅱ与血管紧张素-（1-7）对人血管平滑肌细胞内游离钙浓度的影响

目的：观察血管紧张素Ⅱ与血管紧张素-（1-7）分别刺激后,培养的人血管平滑肌细胞内游离Ca^2＋浓度的变化情况.方法：实验于2004-06/2004-12在首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院高血压研究室完成.①收集2004-06/2004-09安贞医院心脏外科进行冠状动脉旁路移植术患者术中剩余大隐静脉,进行体外人血管平滑肌细胞培养,并分为高血压搭桥组（n=23,男22例,女1例）和正常血压搭桥组（n=17,男16例,女1例）.②用钙荧光探针Fluo-3/AM作为钙指示剂,利用激光共聚焦显微镜观察不同浓度的血管紧张素Ⅱ和血管紧张素-（1-7）分别刺激后的平滑肌细胞内游离钙浓度的变化情况.结果：①在分别加入血管紧张素Ⅱ和血管紧张素-（1-7）前,细胞内的Ca^2＋也具有一定的荧光光密度,但是相对较低.②经血管紧张素Ⅱ和血管紧张素-（1-7）刺激后人平滑肌细胞内Ca^2＋均迅速升高.③高血压搭桥组血管紧张素Ⅱ刺激后平滑肌细胞胞内Ca^2＋荧光光密度明显高于正常血压搭桥组,而经血管紧张素-（1-7）刺激后,高血压搭桥组平滑肌细胞胞内Ca^2＋荧光光密度明显低于正常血压搭桥组.结论：①血管紧张素Ⅱ和血管紧张素-（1-7）刺激后人血管平滑肌细胞存在胞内Ca^2＋的变化.②抑制血管紧张素Ⅱ介导的平滑肌细胞内游离Ca^2＋浓度增加可能是血管紧张素-（1-7）的舒血管机制之一.     

两种血细胞分析仪与镜检法血小板计数的比较

目的就两种血细胞分析仪与镜检法计数血小板（PLT）进行对比研究。方法分别选取PLT＜20×10^9/L、20～50×10^9/L、50～100×10^9/L、100～300×10^9/L、＞300×10^9/L共5组患者,其中PLT＜20×10^9/L和大于300×10^9/L为20例,其他3组各30例。分别用SysmexXT-2000i、MEK-6318K和镜检法计数PLT,以镜检法PLT计数为参考。结果当PLT＜20×10^9/L和大于300×109/L,MEK-6318K与镜检法PLT计数比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）,SysmexXT-2000i与镜检法PLT计数比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;当PLT在20～50×10^9/L、50～100×10^9/L、100～300×10^9/L时,三者比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论当PLT过少、过多时,以及当血细胞分析仪提示PLT分布异常或PLT直方图异常时,要及时地采用手工计数法复核。     

超高倍显微仪检查粪便涂片诊断肠道菌群失调的意义

近年随着抗生素在临床上的大量应用,由真菌感染、菌群失调引起的肠道疾病呈上升趋势。正常情况下,人体肠道有正常微生物群,用以维持人体肠道正常的消化功能,并可抑制致病菌在肠道的定居和繁殖,它们是肠道的卫士。但是当这些微生物遭到破坏后,就会引起菌群失调。应用超高倍显微仪对新     

代谢综合征与高粘血症的相关性研究

目的　探讨代谢因素与血流变学指标的相关性。方法　选取2 0 0 3年4月～6月参加常规体检者72 9名,其中男性:5 97人,女性:132人,平均年龄4 3.6±10 .1岁。通过主成分分析将全血SHR2 0 0 .0 ,全血SHR1.0、血浆粘度、红细胞压积等4项血流变学指标归纳为血流变综合指标(F_rheology贡献率为94 .6 % ) ,以F_rheology=0 .6 5 3(75百分位点)将受试者分为高粘血症组及对照组。结果　单因素Logistic回归分析显示:血粘度增高的危险因素为腰围(OR 1 0 16 ,95 %CI1 0 0 1～1 0 32 ) ,保护性因素为HDL(OR 0 .2 75 ,95 %CI0 .116～0 .6 5 0 )。按代谢异常程度,将入选者分为3组,分别是无代谢异常组(n =2 2 5 )、1～2项代谢异常组(n =381)、3～4项代谢异常组(n =12 3) ,组间方差值为7.5 5 2 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,说明,随着代谢异常程度加重,血流变综合指标升高。结论　高粘血症的发生是多种代谢因素共同作用的结果。纠正代谢异常、戒烟是高粘血症的防治关键。     

Platelet cytosolic free calcium concentration, total plasma calcium concentration and blood pressure in human twins: a genetic analysis.

1. We used path analysis and maximum-likelihood model fitting to evaluate the relative contributions of genetic and environmental factors to the relationships observed between level of blood pressure and both total plasma calcium concentration and platelet cytosolic free calcium concentration in 109 twin pairs. 2. Total plasma calcium concentration was positively associated with systolic (r = 0.26, P less than 0.001) but not diastolic blood pressure, a relationship which remained significant after adjustment for albumin, age and body mass index. A relationship between platelet cytosolic free calcium concentration and both systolic and diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.17 and r = 0.13, respectively, P less than or equal to 0.05) was no longer significant after adjustment for age and body mass index. 3. Additive genetic influences, unique environmental effects and age contributed to 60%, 30% and 10% of the variance in systolic blood pressure, respectively. Additive genetic effects explained 78% of the variance in plasma total calcium concentration and at least 48% of the variance in platelet cytosolic free calcium concentration in females and 37% in males. 4. Bivariate factor models provided evidence of genetic, but not environmental, co-variation of total plasma calcium concentration and systolic blood pressure, suggesting that a common genetic factor (or factors) contributes to their univariate relationship. In contrast, there was evidence of environmental, but not genetic, covariation of platelet cytosolic free calcium concentration and systolic blood pressure, suggesting that some of the individual experiences specific to each twin may be causing these two traits to vary together. 5. The possible confounding effects of adiposity and environmental factors should be considered in future studies investigating the role of intracellular calcium levels in the pathogenesis of hypertension.     

Correlation of blood pressure in normotensive and hypertensive individuals with platelet but not lymphocyte intracellular free calcium concentrations

1. Fifty-two normotensive and essential hypertensive subjects were studied. Intracellular free calcium concentration [( Ca2+]i) was measured in lymphocytes (37 subjects) and platelets (18 subjects) by means of the fluorescent indicators, quin 2 and fura-2. In 31 subjects, plasma ionized calcium concentration was also measured. 2. There was a positive correlation between platelet [Ca2+]i and systolic blood pressure (r = 0.485, P less than 0.05), diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.542, P less than 0.02) and mean blood pressure (r = 0.534, P less than 0.02). 3. No statistically significant relationship was observed between plasma ionized calcium and blood pressure. 4. No relationship was found between lymphocyte [Ca2+]i and blood pressure, or between lymphocyte [Ca2+]i and plasma ionized calcium. 5. There was no relationship between [Ca2+]i of lymphocytes and platelets measured simultaneously from the same subject. 6. These findings reconcile previous conflicting reports and show a relationship between platelet but not lymphocyte [Ca2+]i and blood pressure in man.     

大鼠脑缺血后P-CaMKⅡ的表达与Ca2+浓度的关系

目的 探讨脑缺血后脑组织Ca^2＋浓度和磷酸化钙调蛋白依赖性蛋白激酶Ⅱ（P—CaMKⅡ）表达的变化及其相关关系。方法 采用大鼠大脑中动脉阻断模型，千湿质量法测量脑组织含水量，免疫组化方法检测P—CaMKⅡ的表达，Fura-2／AM荧光法测定水肿周围Ca^2＋浓度。结果 与对照组相比，脑缺血后6h，P—CaMKⅡ的表达、Ca^2＋浓度和脑含水量均开始上调，在脑缺血2-3d表达最强；Ca^2＋浓度的变化与P—CaMKⅡ的表达强度呈正相关。结论 脑缺血后由于细胞内Ca^2＋超载，导致CaMKⅡ磷酸化作用增强，它们可能共同参与了缺血性脑水肿的形成。     

针刺对大鼠脑缺血超早期脑细胞内外游离钙离子浓度的影响

目的:观察手十二井穴点刺放血法对大鼠脑缺血超早期脑细胞内游离Ca2 浓度([Ca2 ]i)和细胞外游离Ca2 浓度([Ca2 ]o)的干预作用,探讨其在中风急救中的作用机制.方法:30只Wistar大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组和治疗组.应用针型Ca2 选择电极观测大鼠脑缺血即刻至20 min期间每分钟脑缺血区皮质细胞[Ca2 ]o的变化.应用Fura-2/AM荧光探针技术观测脑缺血后20 min脑缺血区皮质神经元突触体内胞浆[Ca2 ]i.结果:与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠造成脑缺血后,缺血区皮质细胞[Ca2 ]o从第5 min开始出现明显降低(P<0.05),到20 min为止其下降幅度与时间呈正相关(P<0.01),而缺血区皮质神经元突触体内胞浆[Ca2 ]i显著增高(P<0.01).与模型组比较,治疗组大鼠脑缺血后缺血区皮质细胞[Ca2 ]o从第8 min开始其下降幅度明显减小(P均<0.05),到第18 min此趋势更加显著(P均<0.01),第20 min缺血区皮质神经元突触体内胞浆[Ca2 ]i显著降低(P<0.01).结论:脑缺血超早期应用手十二井穴点刺放血法进行干预可快速起效,起到调节缺血区脑细胞内外游离Ca2 浓度,有效抑制神经元内钙超载,保护脑细胞功能的作用.     

脑状态指数与脑瘫调整手术患儿呼气末七氟醚浓度的相关性研究

目的 探讨脑状态指数(CSI)与呼气末七氟醚浓度(CETSev)在脑瘫患儿七氟醚全身麻醉期间的相关性.方法 选择80例择期下肢调整手术的脑瘫患儿,采用七氟醚全身麻醉和常规监测,持续监测CETSev和CSI.于诱导前(T0)、喉罩置入后(T1)和CETSev 0.8％(T2)、CETSev 1.2％ (T3)、CETSev 1.6％ (T4)、CETSev 2.0％ (T5)、CETSev 2.4％(T6)、CETSev 2.8％(T7)时,以及停吸七氟醚(T8)和下降期CETSev 1.4％(T9)、CETSev 1.2％(T10)、GET Sev 1.0％(T11)、CETSev 0.8％ (T12)、CETSev 0.6％ (T13)、CETSev 0.4％ (T14)和喉罩拔除前(T15)、喉罩拔除后(T16)时,记录CET Sev和CSI值.分析CET Sev和CSI的相关性.结果 在CET Sev上升期(T0～T7),T2～ T7的CSI低于T0,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);CSI与C ET Sev呈负相关(r=-0.890,P＜0.001).在C ET Sev下降期(T8～ T16),T9～T16的CSI高于T8,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);CSI与CETSev呈负相关(r=-0.889,P＜0.001).结论 在脑瘫调整手术患儿CET Sev的上升期和下降期,CSI与CET Sev均呈显著负相关,故可通过CSI指导全身麻醉期间的七氟醚精准用药.     

The concentration of free calcium ions in capillary blood from neonates on a routine basis using the ICA 1

The concentration of free calcium ions (cCa2+), and pH was measured in 200 full-term infants aged 5-130 h and in 50 healthy adults aged 18-60 years with a new semi-automatic electrode system (ICA 1 Radiometer, Copenhagen) in 110 microliter capillary whole blood. The blood was obtained anaerobically by heel puncture of the infants and from the earlobe of the adults. No bias was found for the erythrocyte effect on the liquid junction potential with a haematocrit below 0.60 but for a haematocrit between 0.60 and 0.80 there was an increasing negative bias of 1-5% for this instrument. The special heparinized glass capillaries (Radiometer, Copenhagen) used for blood sampling were studied in serum pools at different levels of cCa2+ and the anticoagulant used was shown to give a bias of less than +/- 1% on the measurement of cCa2+ in the range 0.86-2.02 mmol/l. In full-term infants aged 5-48 h cCa2+ was 1.27 +/- 0.098 mmol/l (+/- 2 SD) and pH 7.42 +/- 0.07 (+/- 2 SD). In infants aged 49-96 h, cCa2+ was 1.334 +/- 0.136 mmol/l (+/- 2 SD) and pH 7.42 +/- 0.07 (+/- 2 SD). In infants, aged 97-130 h cCa2+ was 1.383 +/- 0.140 mmol/l (+/- 2 SD) and pH 7.40 +/- 0.076 (+/- 2 SD). In capillary blood from healthy adults, aged 18-60 years cCa2+ was 1.28 +/- 0.07 mmol/l (+/- 2 SD) and pH 7.42 +/- 0.03 (+/- 2 SD).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

脑出血患者预后与血脂血糖及凝血等指标变化的相关性

目的:检测脑出血时多种指标的变化,探讨对脑出血患者预后的影响。方法:测定50例脑出血患者的凝血、纤溶指标,血糖、血脂水平,白细胞含量及血小板和相关指标的改变。结果:脑出血组血糖、三酰甘油、载脂蛋白B、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05),血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平低于正常值(P<0.05)。脑出血组D二聚体含量为(2.35±1.70)mg/L,大于对照组(0.31±0.25)mg/L,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05),而凝血指标与对照组差异无显著性意义。脑出血组白细胞含量显著增加,血小板及相关指标未受影响。急性期血糖增高者较血糖正常组预后差,病死率高。结论:血脂异常与脑出血的发生关系密切,脑出血对血糖水平、白细胞数量及纤溶状态均有一定程度的影响,但对血小板和相关指标影响不大。提示急性期血糖增高预示预后不良。     

瑞舒伐他汀钙对脑梗死患者动脉粥样硬化及脑血流动力学的改善作用研究

目的探讨瑞舒伐他汀钙对脑梗死患者动脉粥样硬化及脑血流动力学的改善作用。方法将2014年1月至2015年6月于该院就诊的脑梗死确诊患者100例分为对照组和试验组,每组各50例。所有患者均给予常规治疗,试验组患者在常规治疗基础上口服瑞舒伐他汀钙。比较不同治疗方案对颈内动脉粥样硬化斑块及脑血流动力学的影响。结果治疗后,试验组不稳定动脉粥样硬化斑块检出率小于对照组(P0.05));试验组和对照组患者血流动力学均有所改善,试验组改善更显著,血流动力学指标组间比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论瑞舒伐他汀钙可稳定和逆转动脉斑块,减少动脉粥样硬化发病率,改善脑梗死患者脑血流动力学指标,降低不良事件发病率,值得推广应用。     

Effects of growth factors on cytosolic free calcium concentration and DNA synthesis in cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cells

Proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) has been considered to be an important process in the development of atherosclerosis. This study was conducted to investigate the role of cytosolic free calcium in DNA synthesis of SMCs stimulated by growth factors. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and somatomedin-C (Sm-C) increased [3H]thymidine incorporation, an index of DNA synthesis, and cell number of rat aortic SMCs after 36 hr of incubation. Cytosolic free calcium concentration [( Ca++]i) in quiescent SMCs, measured by using quin 2, was 178 +/- 18 nM (n = 15). Both PDGF and EGF provoked a rapid and transient rise in [Ca++]i, while Sm-C did not alter [Ca++]i. Nifedipine (3 X 10(-6) M) suppressed the rise in [Ca++]i provoked by PDGF and EGF. On the other hand, nifedipine suppressed the enhancement of DNA synthesis provoked by EGF, but did not suppress those by PDGF and Sm-C. These results suggest that the transient rise in [Ca++]i plays an important role in the proliferation of SMCs stimulated by EGF, while the rise in [Ca++]i is not involved in the mechanism of proliferation of SMCs provoked by Sm-C. The role of cytosolic free calcium in the proliferation of SMCs provoked by Sm-C. The role of cytosolic free calcium in the proliferation of SMCs provoked by PDGF was not definitive.     

Measurement of free calcium ion in capillary blood and serum.

We describe a new calcium ion-selective electrode for measurement of the substance concentration of free calcium ion [Ca2+] in the plasma phase of whole blood and in serum at 37 degrees C. A sample volume of 50 microliter suffices to obtain simultaneous values of pH and [Ca2+]. We found the within-series analytical standard deviation for serum to be 0.013 mmol/litre (CV, 1.1%) and day-to-day precision to be 0.022 mmol/litre (CV, 1.7%). The reference interval for [Ca2+] (at pH 7.40) in serum was found to be 1.184 +/- 0.054 mmol/litre (2 SD) from measurements on sera from 121 healthy blood donors. Measurements on capillary blood from 29 healthy volunteers gave a mean (+/- 2 SD) value for [Ca2+] (at pH 7.40) of 1.22 +/- 0.072 mmol/litre.