饮食因素对大鼠脂肪细胞葡萄糖转运蛋白4的影响

目的:研究饮食因素对大鼠脂肪细胞葡萄糖转运蛋白4(GLUT4)的影响。方法:实验大鼠随机分为正常组(n=10)、模型组(n=10)和饮食干预组(n=10)。正常组以基础饲料喂养10周;模型组以高糖高脂饲料喂养10周;饮食干预组以高糖高脂饲料喂养4周后,改喂基础饲料6周。Westernblot法检测各组大鼠脂肪细胞内、外膜GLUT4含量。结果:模型组大鼠脂肪细胞内、外膜GLUT4含量均低于正常组(P<0.05)。与模型组大鼠相比,饮食干预组大鼠脂肪细胞内膜GLUT4含量无显著差异,但细胞外膜GLUT4含量增加P<0.05)。结论:高糖高脂饮食可能通过降低脂肪细胞GLUT4含量及其转位使大鼠产生胰岛素抵抗。饮食干预可提高脂肪细胞GLUT4含量并改善其转位,增加葡萄糖的摄取,提高胰岛素敏感性。     

性激素对3T3-L1前脂肪细胞和脂肪细胞胰岛素敏感性的影响

目的观察不同浓度雌、雄激素对3T3-L1前脂肪细胞葡萄糖转运的影响,探讨性激素在胰岛素抵抗形成中的意义。方法体外培养3T3-L1前脂肪细胞,并诱导其分化成熟,利用2-脱氧-[3H]-D-葡萄糖掺入法,研究不同浓度的17β雌二醇、睾酮对胰岛素刺激的前脂肪细胞和脂肪细胞葡萄糖摄取能力的影响。结果10-8mol/L的17β雌二醇即能够抑制3T3-L1前脂肪细胞胰岛素刺激状态下的葡萄糖转运,且呈现明显的浓度依赖性抑制;而睾酮为10-8mol/L时3T3-L1前脂肪细胞胰岛素刺激状态下的葡萄糖转运并无明显影响,在浓度达到10-7mol/L开始出现抑制效应,浓度越高抑制效应越明显。结论性激素可以调节3T3-L1前脂肪细胞的胰岛素敏感性。     

2型糖尿病胰岛素抵抗和胆固醇酯转运蛋白基因多态性的关联研究

目的 探讨胆固醇酯转运蛋白(cholesteyl ester transfer protein，CETP)基因多态性与2型糖尿病胰岛素抵抗的关系。方法 采用聚合酶链反应和酶切电泳方法对108例2型糖尿病患者进行CETP-TaqIB基因型分型，同时测定血脂、空腹胰岛素、胰岛素敏感指数和胰岛素抵抗指数。结果 正常对照组与2型糖尿病组等位基因频率和基因型分布无统计学意义；2型糖尿病甘油三酯(triglyceride，TG)、总胆固醇(total cholesterol，TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol，LDL-C)和载脂蛋白B(apolipoprotein B，apoB)浓度各基因型间差异无统计学意义，而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein cholesterol，HDL-C)、载脂蛋白A1(apolipoprotein A1，apoA1)、空腹胰岛素(fasting insulin，FINS)、胰岛素敏感性指数(insulin sensitivity index，ISI)和HOMA模型胰岛素抵抗指数(homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance，HOMA-IR)各基因型间差异有统计学意义，HDL-C、apoA，和ISI B2B2型显著高于B1B1型，FINS和HOMA-IR B2B2型显著低于B1B1型；以胰岛素敏感性指数和HOMA-模型胰岛素抵抗指数为因变量进行多元回归分析，ISI和HOMA-IR与体重指数、收缩压、TC、HDL及基因型分型密切相关。结论 CETP-Taq IB基因多态性与2型糖尿病脂代谢及胰岛素抵抗密切关联，可能是胰岛素抵抗的重要遗传因素。     

葡萄糖转运蛋白4活性与钙超载后心肌细胞胰岛素抵抗

目的:初步研究钙超载后心肌细胞胰岛素抵抗与葡萄糖转运蛋白4(GLUT4)活性之间的关系,探讨钙超载后心肌细胞胰岛素抵抗的分子机制。方法:采用伊屋诺霉素构建不同程度成年大鼠心肌细胞钙超载模型;应用同位素示踪技术观察胰岛素刺激大鼠心肌细胞的葡萄糖摄取效应,用West-ern blot分析检测胰岛素刺激的心肌细胞膜GLUT4的活性变化。结果:钙超载后心肌细胞表现出严重的胰岛素抵抗,实验组(1.0μmol/L伊屋诺霉素)心肌细胞膜基础GLUT4磷酸化形式和对照组无统计学差异,但胰岛素刺激的GLUT4磷酸化形式显著增加,为对照组的226.3%(P0.05)。结论:胰岛素刺激的GLUT4活性障碍是心肌细胞钙超载后胰岛素抵抗的另一重要分子机制;缺血再灌注心肌细胞内钙超载是急性胰岛素抵抗的始动因素。     

余甘子提取物对糖尿病大鼠肌肉和脂肪组织胰岛素信号通路的影响

背景：余甘子具有明显的降血糖作用,但其作用机制尚不清楚。 目的：观察余甘子提取物对大鼠骨骼与脂肪组织中胰岛素信号通路相关蛋白的影响。 方法：将30只SD大鼠随机等分为对照组、模型组和余甘子组,后2组以腹腔注射链脲佐菌素建立糖尿病大鼠模型。余甘子组用余甘子提取液灌胃6周,模型组和对照组灌胃同体积的蒸馏水。 结果与结论：与对照组相比,糖尿病大鼠的体质量、空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素和胰岛素抵抗指数均显著升高(P < 0.05),脂肪和肌肉组织磷脂酰肌醇-3-激酶、蛋白激酶B mRNA及葡萄糖转运蛋白4 mRNA和蛋白水平显著下降(P < 0.05,P < 0.01),灌胃余甘子提取物6周后,余甘子组大鼠体质量、空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素和胰岛素抵抗指数均比模型组下降(P < 0.05),脂肪和肌肉组织磷脂酰肌醇-3-激酶、蛋白激酶B和葡萄糖转运蛋白4 mRNA水平明显增加(P < 0.01,P < 0.05),且脂肪组织葡萄糖转运蛋白4 蛋白表达增加(P < 0.01),但肌肉组织葡萄糖转运蛋白4 蛋白差异没有显著性意义。提示余甘子提取物可调控胰岛素介导的磷脂酰肌醇-3-激酶/蛋白激酶B/葡萄糖转运蛋白4信号转导通路,发挥降血糖作用。     

胰岛素刺激葡萄糖转运蛋白4易位的信号传导机制

葡萄糖转运蛋白 4 (GL UT4 ) ,主要分布于骨胳肌、心肌及脂肪组织中。当胰岛素与细胞膜受体结合后 ,产生一系列信号 ,促进 GL U T4从胞内易位至细胞膜。 GL UT4通过自身构象改变 ,将葡萄糖摄入细胞内 ,从而协助维持血糖的稳定。这些具体信号正在被广泛深入的研究。现在发现至少有两条独立的信号传导途径 ,一条是经典的PI3K途径 ,另一条是新近发现的 Cbl/ CAP途径。深入了解这些信号传导途径 ,对于揭示 2型糖尿病的发病机制有重要的意义     

厄贝沙坦对高血压合并2型糖尿病大鼠胰岛素抵抗IRS-1/PI3K/GLUT4信号通路的影响

目的　探讨厄贝沙坦对高血压合并2型糖尿病（T2DM）大鼠胰岛素抵抗的影响及其作用。 方法　自发性高血压大鼠（SHR）采用高糖高脂饮食联合链脲佐菌素（STZ）建立T2DM模型,随机分为模型组、厄贝沙坦低、高剂量组。以正常大鼠作为对照组。厄贝沙坦低、高剂量组每日分别按30、60 mg/kg剂量灌服厄贝沙坦,对照组和模型组灌服等量生理盐水。测量大鼠收缩压（SBP）、空腹血糖（FBG）、胰岛素抵抗模型评估指数（HOMA-IR）、胰岛素受体底物-1（IRS-1）、磷脂酰肌醇（-3）激酶p85亚基（PI3Kp85）、蛋白激酶B（AKT）、磷酸化蛋白（p-AKT）及葡萄糖转运蛋白4（GLUT4）的表达。 结果　与对照组相比,模型组SBP、FBG、FINS和HOMA-IR升高（P<0.05）,IRS-1、PI3Kp85、p-AKT和GLUT4降低（P<0.05）;与模型组相比,厄贝沙坦低、高剂量上述指标均发生逆转（P<0.05）。 结论　厄贝沙坦可通过IRS-1/PI3K/GLUT4信号通路改善高血压合并T2DM大鼠胰岛素抵抗。     

2型糖尿病患者血清脂联素与胰岛素抵抗相关性分析

2型糖尿病(DM2)是一种病因尚不完全明了的常见病,胰岛素抵抗(IR)是其发病的主要机理之一.脂联素是脂肪细胞分泌的一种蛋白质,具有影响葡萄糖转运、增强胰岛素敏感性等作用.现有报道,脂联素水平与肥胖、胰岛素抵抗、2型糖尿病紧密相关[1].我们检测了DM2患者的血清脂联素、血脂、胰岛素、血尿酸等,旨在探讨脂联素对DM2患者IR的影响.     

胰岛素抵抗蛋白质

美国Beth Israel Deaconess医学中心的科研人员近期发表在《nature》上的一项研究表明，脂肪细胞释放的一种蛋白质——视黄醇结合蛋白（RBP4，retinal binding protein4）可产生胰岛素抵抗作用，从而引起2型糖尿病，该项研究结果将为开发治疗糖尿病的药物提供一个有潜力的新靶标。     

应激对脂肪细胞的影响与胰岛素抵抗

应激是机体的非特异性保护适应机制 ,但它也引起机体自稳态的变动 ,甚至导致疾病。最近的研究显示 ,应激通过神经内分泌、免疫、氧化作用的介导对脂肪细胞自身及分泌、代谢等的影响 ,而导致胰岛素抵抗。干预应激对脂肪细胞的影响 ,可改善胰岛素抵抗     

沙棘多糖抑制PERK/ATF4/CHOP通路缓解糖尿病大鼠胰岛素抵抗和肝肾功能损伤

目的　探究沙棘多糖（seabucthorn polysaccharide,SP）对糖尿病大鼠胰岛素抵抗和肝、肾功能损伤的影响。 方法　将大鼠随机分为对照组、链脲佐菌素（streptozocin,STZ）组、盐酸罗格列酮（rosiglitazone,RSG）组（4 mg·kg-1·d-1）和SP低、中、高剂量组（50、100、200 mg·kg-1·d-1）,除对照组外其余大鼠均建立为Ⅱ型糖尿病模型。药物处理后,通过天平、血糖仪、Elis检测大鼠体重、双侧肾重、空腹血糖和胰岛素水平,计算肾肥大指数、胰岛素抵抗指数;Elisa检测HbA1C、脂联素;生化分析仪检测TG、TC、LDL-C、HDL-C、PRO、Scr、BUN水平;油红O染色、HE染色观察肝脂肪沉积情况和肾组织形态;Western Blot检测PERK/ATF4/CHOP通路活化水平。 结果　与STZ组相比,SP中、高剂量组大鼠体重、脂联素、HDL-C升高（P<0.05）,血糖、胰岛素抵抗指数、肾肥大指数、HbA1C、血浆胰岛素、TG、TC、LDL-C、PRO、Scr、BUN水平下调（P<0.05）,缓解大鼠肝脂质沉积和肾损伤,且抑制PERK/ATF4/CHOP通路活性。 结论　沙棘多糖可缓解糖尿病大鼠胰岛素抵抗和肝、肾功能损伤,其机制可能与抑制PERK/ATF4/CHOP通路活性有关。     

Characterization of insulin resistance in type I diabetes

Summary Insulin sensitivity was assessed using the euglycaemic clamp technique in eight type I diabetic patients (after overnight blood glucose normalization with an artificial pancreas) and in six healthy subjects. Basal insulin concentrations were higher in diabetic patients (25±4 µU/ml) than in control subjects (17±1 µU/ml;P<0.05). Insulin infusion of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 5.0 mU/kg per min during subsequent 2-h periods resulted in similar mean steady-state insulin concentrations in both groups. The mean dextrose requirements during the last 40 min of each period were nevertheless decreased in diabetic patients (1.6±0.5, 3.5±0.8, 6.5±0.7, 10.2±0.7 mg/kg per min) as compared with control subjects (4.7±0.3, 8.2±0.9, 10.2±0.9, 12.4±0.9 mg/kg per min). At low insulin concentrations dextrose requirements were diminished in all diabetic subjects. At the highest insulin levels, individual dose-response curves from only four patients were within the normal range. Under basal conditions, the monocyte receptor number was significantly reduced in diabetic patients (17,500±2,800 sites/cell) as compared with control subjects (26,700±2,500 sites/cell;P<0.05), whereas there were no differences regarding empty site affinities. Receptor data did not differ in patients with normal and decreased maximal dextrose requirements.Insulin resistance is apparently a common feature of type I diabetes at serum insulin concentrations of approximately 100 µU/ml. Normalization of the insulin effect by higher insulin concentrations is not possible in all patients. Insulin antibodies at concentrations observed in this study (<0.16 mU/ml) do not contribute significantly to insulin resistance; receptor and postreceptor defects are possibly more important.Abbreviations GCIIS Glucose-controlled insulin infusion system - SSGIR Steady-state glucose infusion rate I.N. and P.A. were fellows of the Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst 1981/82 and 1983/84     

The role of pioglitazone in antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,and insulin sensitivity in a high fat-carbohydrate diet-induced rat model of insulin resistance

We explored the cascade effects of a high fat-carbohydrate diet (HFCD) and pioglitazone (an anti-diabetic therapy used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)) on lipid profiles, oxidative stress/antioxidant, insulin, and inflammatory biomarkers in a rat model of insulin resistance. Sixty albino rats (80-90 g) were randomly divided into three dietary groups; 1) standard diet; 2) HFCD diet for 12 weeks to induce an in vivo model of insulin resistance; and 3) HFCD diet plus pioglitazone. Blood and tissue samples were taken to assess hepatic function, lipid profiles, oxidative biomarkers, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, antioxidant defense biomarkers, including reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and the inflammatory markers interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrotic factor (TNF-α). HFCD-fed rats had significantly (P≤0.05) increased serum triacylglycerol (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), alanine transaminase (ALT), and bilirubin levels, but decreased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels compared with the normal group. Moreover, serum leptin, resistin, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels were increased significantly in HFCD animals compared with controls. Similarly, HFCD-induced insulin resistance caused antioxidant and cytokine disturbances, which are important therapy targets for pioglitazone. Importantly, administration of this drug ameliorated these changes, normalized leptin and resistin and inflammatory markers by reducing TNF-α levels. Metabolic cascades of elevated lipid profiles, oxidative stress, insulin, and inflammatory biomarkers are implicated in insulin resistance progression. HFCD induced metabolic cascades comprising hypertriglyceridemia, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, obesity-associated hormones, and inflammatory biomarkers may be alleviated using pioglitazone.     

Advanced oxidation protein products in obese women: its relation to insulin resistance and resistin

Obesity is a major risk factor for insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Resistin, an adipocyte-secreted hormone, is thought to take a part in the development of insulin resistance and T2DM. The aim of this study was to characterise the changes in circulating levels of resistin and proinflammatory cytokines tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-6 in diabetic and prediabetic obese patients and to explore their relationship to insulin resistance. Attempts were also made to see whether resistin levels are related to the degree of oxidative stress, as determined by the measurement of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs). The study groups consisted of obese diabetic (BMI: 30–42 kg/m², n=28) and prediabetic (BMI: 29–41 kg/m², n=23) women. Fourteen healthy women, with BMI in the range 21.5–25.5 kg/m², were taken as controls. Serum levels of TNF-a, IL-6, resistin, glucose, insulin and AOPPs were measured. Insulin resistance was calculated by the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR). Diabetic and prediabetic obese patients had increases in serum resistin and TNF-α levels (P<0.01 and P<0.001, respectively). IL-6 levels in diabetic patients were significantly higher than in prediabetics (P<0.05). AOPP levels were also significantly higher in diabetics than prediabetics and controls (P<0.05 and P<0.001, respectively); and positively correlated with blood glucose. Insulin was significantly associated with circulating resistin and TNF-α. The development of insulin resistance may contribute to the elevation of circulating resistin or vice versa. Determination of AOPPs may be helpful for monitoring the impaired glucose metabolism in obesity.     

薯蓣皂苷通过调控SIRT1-FoxO1-自噬通路减轻糖尿病大鼠胰岛素抵抗

目的:探究薯蓣皂苷是否通过调控沉默信息调节因子1(sirtuin 1,SIRT1)-叉头框蛋白O1(forkhead box protein O1,FoxO1)-自噬通路减轻糖尿病大鼠胰岛素抵抗。方法:将60只SPF级SD大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、低剂量(5 mg/kg)薯蓣皂苷组、中剂量(10 mg/kg)薯蓣皂苷组、高剂量(20 mg/kg)薯蓣皂苷组和薯蓣皂苷(20 mg/kg)+EX-527(SIRT1抑制剂)组,每组10只。高脂饲料喂养4周后腹腔注射链脲佐菌素以构建2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)大鼠模型,低、中、高剂量薯蓣皂苷组和薯蓣皂苷+EX-527组大鼠分别灌胃相应剂量药物,对照组和模型组大鼠灌胃等量生理盐水,每天1次,为期4周。全自动生化分析仪检测血清中空腹血糖(fasting blood glucose,FBG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)、甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)和总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)水平,酶联免疫吸附实验检测血清空腹胰岛素(fasting insulin,FINS)水平,计算胰岛素抵抗指数(homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance,HOMA-IR)和胰岛素敏感指数(insulin sensitivity index,ISI),行口服葡萄糖耐量实验(oral glucose tolerance test,OGTT),计算OGTT曲线下区域面积(area under curve,AUC);HE染色观察大鼠胰腺组织损伤情况;使用Western blot检测胰腺组织中beclin-1、LC3及SIRT1-FoxO1自噬通路相关蛋白的表达。结果:与对照组相比,模型组FBG、AUC、FINS、HOMA-IR、体重、TG、TC和LDL-C水平、胰腺组织损伤程度及FoxO1水平显著增加,ISI、beclin-1、LC3-II/LC3-I和SIRT1水平显著降低(P<0.05);与模型组相比,低、中、高剂量组FBG、AUC、FINS、HOMA-IR、体重、TG、TC和LDL-C水平、胰腺组织损伤程度及FoxO1水平以薯蓣皂苷剂量依赖性的方式显著降低,ISI、beclin-1、LC3-II/LC3-I和SIRT1水平以薯蓣皂苷剂量依赖性的方式显著增加(P<0.05);与高剂量薯蓣皂苷组相比,薯蓣皂苷+EX-527组FBG、AUC、FINS、HOMA-IR、体重、TG、TC和LDL-C水平、胰腺组织损伤程度及FoxO1水平显著增加,ISI、beclin-1、LC3-II/LC3-I和SIRT1水平显著降低(P<0.05)。结论:薯蓣皂苷可能通过激活SIRT1-FoxO1-自噬通路减轻T2DM大鼠胰岛素抵抗。     

薯蓣皂苷通过调控SIRT1-FoxO1-自噬通路减轻糖尿病大鼠胰岛素抵抗

目的:探究薯蓣皂苷是否通过调控沉默信息调节因子1(sirtuin 1,SIRT1)-叉头框蛋白O1(forkhead box protein O1,FoxO1)-自噬通路减轻糖尿病大鼠胰岛素抵抗。方法:将60只SPF级SD大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、低剂量(5 mg/kg)薯蓣皂苷组、中剂量(10 mg/kg)薯蓣皂苷组、高剂量(20 mg/kg)薯蓣皂苷组和薯蓣皂苷(20 mg/kg)+EX-527(SIRT1抑制剂)组,每组10只。高脂饲料喂养4周后腹腔注射链脲佐菌素以构建2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)大鼠模型,低、中、高剂量薯蓣皂苷组和薯蓣皂苷+EX-527组大鼠分别灌胃相应剂量药物,对照组和模型组大鼠灌胃等量生理盐水,每天1次,为期4周。全自动生化分析仪检测血清中空腹血糖(fasting blood glucose,FBG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)、甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)和总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)水平,酶联免疫吸附实验检测血清空腹胰岛素(fasting insulin,FINS)水平,计算胰岛素抵抗指数(homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance,HOMA-IR)和胰岛素敏感指数(insulin sensitivity index,ISI),行口服葡萄糖耐量实验(oral glucose tolerance test,OGTT),计算OGTT曲线下区域面积(area under curve,AUC);HE染色观察大鼠胰腺组织损伤情况;使用Western blot检测胰腺组织中beclin-1、LC3及SIRT1-FoxO1自噬通路相关蛋白的表达。结果:与对照组相比,模型组FBG、AUC、FINS、HOMA-IR、体重、TG、TC和LDL-C水平、胰腺组织损伤程度及FoxO1水平显著增加,ISI、beclin-1、LC3-II/LC3-I和SIRT1水平显著降低(P<0.05);与模型组相比,低、中、高剂量组FBG、AUC、FINS、HOMA-IR、体重、TG、TC和LDL-C水平、胰腺组织损伤程度及FoxO1水平以薯蓣皂苷剂量依赖性的方式显著降低,ISI、beclin-1、LC3-II/LC3-I和SIRT1水平以薯蓣皂苷剂量依赖性的方式显著增加(P<0.05);与高剂量薯蓣皂苷组相比,薯蓣皂苷+EX-527组FBG、AUC、FINS、HOMA-IR、体重、TG、TC和LDL-C水平、胰腺组织损伤程度及FoxO1水平显著增加,ISI、beclin-1、LC3-II/LC3-I和SIRT1水平显著降低(P<0.05)。结论:薯蓣皂苷可能通过激活SIRT1-FoxO1-自噬通路减轻T2DM大鼠胰岛素抵抗。     

Characteristics of type 2 diabetes in terms of insulin resistance in Korea

The aim of this study was to assess the implications of insulin resistance on the clinical and biochemical profiles of Korean type 2 diabetic patients. 122 patients with type 2 diabetes underwent a short insulin tolerance test to assess insulin resistance. Subjects were classified in tertiles according to ISI (insulin sensitivity index), and the tertile I (the insulin- resistant group) and tertile III (the insulin-sensitive group) clinical and biochemical parameters were compared. Age, waist circumference (WC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), HbA1c, body fat content, and fasting plasma glucose were significantly higher in tertile I than tertile III (all p < 0.05). The frequency of hypertension and family history of cerebrovascular disease (CVD) were greater in tertile I than III (p < 0.05). To evaluate the factors affecting ISI, multiple regression was performed, and age, WC, SBP, HbA1c, and body fat content were found to be independently related to insulin resistance (p < 0.05). Old age, hypertension, central obesity, and poor glycemic control were identified as clinical parameters of insulin resistance in Korean type 2 diabetic patients.     

妊娠高血压疾病胰岛素抵抗与凝血功能异常的关系

目的：研究妊娠高血压疾病（PIH）胰岛素抵抗（IR）与凝血功能异常的关系。方法以38例妊高症患者为研究对象,并以同期正常孕妇32例为对照组。检测各组空腹血糖（FBG）、胰岛素（FINS）、凝血酶原时间（PT）、活化部分凝血活酶时间（APTT）及纤维蛋白原（Fbg）的含量,用HOMA指数做胰岛素抵抗指标。结果妊娠期高血压疾病组与正常妊娠组相比,其HOMA指数、Fbg含量显著升高,PT、APTT水平显著降低。HOMA指数与凝血功能各指标间具有显著相关性。结论妊高症患者存在胰岛素抵抗与凝血功能异常,并且两者具有相关性。     

GLP-1对非酒精性脂肪肝病大鼠胰岛素抵抗及PKCε的影响

 目的: 探讨胰高血糖素样肽1(GLP-1)对非酒精性脂肪肝病SD大鼠的治疗作用及可能的机制。方法: 32只SPF级雄性SD大鼠(体重约130 g)随机抽取21只予高脂饮食(88%普通饲料+10%猪油+2%胆固醇),余下11只予普通饲料饮食作为空白对照组;12周后,将高脂饮食大鼠随机分为2组,每组10只:高脂组予高脂饮食并腹腔注射等体积的无菌生理盐水,治疗组予高脂饮食并腹腔注射利拉鲁肽(GLP-1类似物)注射液(0.6 mg·kg^-1·d^-1)。治疗4周后处死全部大鼠抽取静脉血并取肝脏组织。全自动生化仪检测血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)及葡萄糖(GLU)含量;ELISA法测定血清胰岛素含量。石蜡包埋肝组织做病理切片及HE染色;real-time PCR法测定肝组织蛋白激酶Cε(PKCε)mRNA的表达,Western blot 测定肝组织胞浆PKCε蛋白表达。结果: 与正常对照组相比,高脂组的ALT、AST、TG、TC、胰岛素抵抗指数及肝脂数均明显升高;GLP-1治疗组与高脂组相比ALT、AST、TG、TC、胰岛素抵抗指数及肝脂数均下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05); real-time PCR及Western blot结果提示高脂组PKCε mRNA及蛋白表达减少 (P<0.05);GLP-1治疗组PKCε mRNA及蛋白表达增多(P<0.05)。结论: GLP-1类似物可改善非酒精性脂肪肝的脂质代谢及胰岛素抵抗,该过程可能与PKCε有关。