不同能量及营养结构饮食对雌性大鼠性发育的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of diets with different calorie and nutritional values on pubertal onset in female rats. Method Female Wistar rat models receiving calorie-deprived (group R) (Experiment 1) ,fat-rich(group F) ,glucose-rich(group G) and protein-rich(group P) (Experiment 2) test diets were established,and rats receiving diets with normal caloric value were considered as control group (group C). The body weight (BW) ,food-intake and vaginal patency (VP) were observed. The rats were killed at the day of vaginal patency. The BW, uterus weight (UW), uterus index (UI), calorie intake per day (CI), perirenal fat weight (PFW) and perirenal fat index (PFI) were measured. The serum levels of leptin, ghrelin, IGF- Ⅰ were tested by means of ELISA.Results Experiment 1:The VP was retarded in group R compared with group C (P<0. 01). There was a significant difference in BW, UW,UI ,CI,leptin and ghrelin at the VP day between group R and group C (all P<0.01) ,and no significant difference in IGF- Ⅰ levels between these two groups. Experiment 2 :The VP was retarded in group F,group G and group P in comparison with group C (P<0.01). The BW, PFW and PFI in group G and group F were markedly higher than those in group P and group C. The leptin level in group F was the highest, and the lowest in group P. The ghrelin level in group G was the highest,and that in group P was the lowest. However,there were no significant differences in IGF- Ⅰ and UI among these, four groups. Conclusion The normal pubertal onset of female rats requires sufficient caloric stores and balanced nutrient. Diets malnutrition and fat-rich, glucoserich and protein-rich test diets all delay pubertal onset in female rats.     

不同能量及营养结构饮食对雌性大鼠性发育的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of diets with different calorie and nutritional values on pubertal onset in female rats. Method Female Wistar rat models receiving calorie-deprived (group R) (Experiment 1) ,fat-rich(group F) ,glucose-rich(group G) and protein-rich(group P) (Experiment 2) test diets were established,and rats receiving diets with normal caloric value were considered as control group (group C). The body weight (BW) ,food-intake and vaginal patency (VP) were observed. The rats were killed at the day of vaginal patency. The BW, uterus weight (UW), uterus index (UI), calorie intake per day (CI), perirenal fat weight (PFW) and perirenal fat index (PFI) were measured. The serum levels of leptin, ghrelin, IGF- Ⅰ were tested by means of ELISA.Results Experiment 1:The VP was retarded in group R compared with group C (P<0. 01). There was a significant difference in BW, UW,UI ,CI,leptin and ghrelin at the VP day between group R and group C (all P<0.01) ,and no significant difference in IGF- Ⅰ levels between these two groups. Experiment 2 :The VP was retarded in group F,group G and group P in comparison with group C (P<0.01). The BW, PFW and PFI in group G and group F were markedly higher than those in group P and group C. The leptin level in group F was the highest, and the lowest in group P. The ghrelin level in group G was the highest,and that in group P was the lowest. However,there were no significant differences in IGF- Ⅰ and UI among these, four groups. Conclusion The normal pubertal onset of female rats requires sufficient caloric stores and balanced nutrient. Diets malnutrition and fat-rich, glucoserich and protein-rich test diets all delay pubertal onset in female rats.     

不同能量及营养结构饮食对雌性大鼠性发育的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of diets with different calorie and nutritional values on pubertal onset in female rats. Method Female Wistar rat models receiving calorie-deprived (group R) (Experiment 1) ,fat-rich(group F) ,glucose-rich(group G) and protein-rich(group P) (Experiment 2) test diets were established,and rats receiving diets with normal caloric value were considered as control group (group C). The body weight (BW) ,food-intake and vaginal patency (VP) were observed. The rats were killed at the day of vaginal patency. The BW, uterus weight (UW), uterus index (UI), calorie intake per day (CI), perirenal fat weight (PFW) and perirenal fat index (PFI) were measured. The serum levels of leptin, ghrelin, IGF- Ⅰ were tested by means of ELISA.Results Experiment 1:The VP was retarded in group R compared with group C (P<0. 01). There was a significant difference in BW, UW,UI ,CI,leptin and ghrelin at the VP day between group R and group C (all P<0.01) ,and no significant difference in IGF- Ⅰ levels between these two groups. Experiment 2 :The VP was retarded in group F,group G and group P in comparison with group C (P<0.01). The BW, PFW and PFI in group G and group F were markedly higher than those in group P and group C. The leptin level in group F was the highest, and the lowest in group P. The ghrelin level in group G was the highest,and that in group P was the lowest. However,there were no significant differences in IGF- Ⅰ and UI among these, four groups. Conclusion The normal pubertal onset of female rats requires sufficient caloric stores and balanced nutrient. Diets malnutrition and fat-rich, glucoserich and protein-rich test diets all delay pubertal onset in female rats.     

不同能量及营养结构饮食对雌性大鼠性发育的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of diets with different calorie and nutritional values on pubertal onset in female rats. Method Female Wistar rat models receiving calorie-deprived (group R) (Experiment 1) ,fat-rich(group F) ,glucose-rich(group G) and protein-rich(group P) (Experiment 2) test diets were established,and rats receiving diets with normal caloric value were considered as control group (group C). The body weight (BW) ,food-intake and vaginal patency (VP) were observed. The rats were killed at the day of vaginal patency. The BW, uterus weight (UW), uterus index (UI), calorie intake per day (CI), perirenal fat weight (PFW) and perirenal fat index (PFI) were measured. The serum levels of leptin, ghrelin, IGF- Ⅰ were tested by means of ELISA.Results Experiment 1:The VP was retarded in group R compared with group C (P<0. 01). There was a significant difference in BW, UW,UI ,CI,leptin and ghrelin at the VP day between group R and group C (all P<0.01) ,and no significant difference in IGF- Ⅰ levels between these two groups. Experiment 2 :The VP was retarded in group F,group G and group P in comparison with group C (P<0.01). The BW, PFW and PFI in group G and group F were markedly higher than those in group P and group C. The leptin level in group F was the highest, and the lowest in group P. The ghrelin level in group G was the highest,and that in group P was the lowest. However,there were no significant differences in IGF- Ⅰ and UI among these, four groups. Conclusion The normal pubertal onset of female rats requires sufficient caloric stores and balanced nutrient. Diets malnutrition and fat-rich, glucoserich and protein-rich test diets all delay pubertal onset in female rats.     

不同能量及营养结构饮食对雌性大鼠性发育的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of diets with different calorie and nutritional values on pubertal onset in female rats. Method Female Wistar rat models receiving calorie-deprived (group R) (Experiment 1) ,fat-rich(group F) ,glucose-rich(group G) and protein-rich(group P) (Experiment 2) test diets were established,and rats receiving diets with normal caloric value were considered as control group (group C). The body weight (BW) ,food-intake and vaginal patency (VP) were observed. The rats were killed at the day of vaginal patency. The BW, uterus weight (UW), uterus index (UI), calorie intake per day (CI), perirenal fat weight (PFW) and perirenal fat index (PFI) were measured. The serum levels of leptin, ghrelin, IGF- Ⅰ were tested by means of ELISA.Results Experiment 1:The VP was retarded in group R compared with group C (P<0. 01). There was a significant difference in BW, UW,UI ,CI,leptin and ghrelin at the VP day between group R and group C (all P<0.01) ,and no significant difference in IGF- Ⅰ levels between these two groups. Experiment 2 :The VP was retarded in group F,group G and group P in comparison with group C (P<0.01). The BW, PFW and PFI in group G and group F were markedly higher than those in group P and group C. The leptin level in group F was the highest, and the lowest in group P. The ghrelin level in group G was the highest,and that in group P was the lowest. However,there were no significant differences in IGF- Ⅰ and UI among these, four groups. Conclusion The normal pubertal onset of female rats requires sufficient caloric stores and balanced nutrient. Diets malnutrition and fat-rich, glucoserich and protein-rich test diets all delay pubertal onset in female rats.     

不同能量及营养结构饮食对雌性大鼠性发育的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of diets with different calorie and nutritional values on pubertal onset in female rats. Method Female Wistar rat models receiving calorie-deprived (group R) (Experiment 1) ,fat-rich(group F) ,glucose-rich(group G) and protein-rich(group P) (Experiment 2) test diets were established,and rats receiving diets with normal caloric value were considered as control group (group C). The body weight (BW) ,food-intake and vaginal patency (VP) were observed. The rats were killed at the day of vaginal patency. The BW, uterus weight (UW), uterus index (UI), calorie intake per day (CI), perirenal fat weight (PFW) and perirenal fat index (PFI) were measured. The serum levels of leptin, ghrelin, IGF- Ⅰ were tested by means of ELISA.Results Experiment 1:The VP was retarded in group R compared with group C (P<0. 01). There was a significant difference in BW, UW,UI ,CI,leptin and ghrelin at the VP day between group R and group C (all P<0.01) ,and no significant difference in IGF- Ⅰ levels between these two groups. Experiment 2 :The VP was retarded in group F,group G and group P in comparison with group C (P<0.01). The BW, PFW and PFI in group G and group F were markedly higher than those in group P and group C. The leptin level in group F was the highest, and the lowest in group P. The ghrelin level in group G was the highest,and that in group P was the lowest. However,there were no significant differences in IGF- Ⅰ and UI among these, four groups. Conclusion The normal pubertal onset of female rats requires sufficient caloric stores and balanced nutrient. Diets malnutrition and fat-rich, glucoserich and protein-rich test diets all delay pubertal onset in female rats.     

不同能量及营养结构饮食对雌性大鼠性发育的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of diets with different calorie and nutritional values on pubertal onset in female rats. Method Female Wistar rat models receiving calorie-deprived (group R) (Experiment 1) ,fat-rich(group F) ,glucose-rich(group G) and protein-rich(group P) (Experiment 2) test diets were established,and rats receiving diets with normal caloric value were considered as control group (group C). The body weight (BW) ,food-intake and vaginal patency (VP) were observed. The rats were killed at the day of vaginal patency. The BW, uterus weight (UW), uterus index (UI), calorie intake per day (CI), perirenal fat weight (PFW) and perirenal fat index (PFI) were measured. The serum levels of leptin, ghrelin, IGF- Ⅰ were tested by means of ELISA.Results Experiment 1:The VP was retarded in group R compared with group C (P<0. 01). There was a significant difference in BW, UW,UI ,CI,leptin and ghrelin at the VP day between group R and group C (all P<0.01) ,and no significant difference in IGF- Ⅰ levels between these two groups. Experiment 2 :The VP was retarded in group F,group G and group P in comparison with group C (P<0.01). The BW, PFW and PFI in group G and group F were markedly higher than those in group P and group C. The leptin level in group F was the highest, and the lowest in group P. The ghrelin level in group G was the highest,and that in group P was the lowest. However,there were no significant differences in IGF- Ⅰ and UI among these, four groups. Conclusion The normal pubertal onset of female rats requires sufficient caloric stores and balanced nutrient. Diets malnutrition and fat-rich, glucoserich and protein-rich test diets all delay pubertal onset in female rats.     

不同能量及营养结构饮食对雌性大鼠性发育的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of diets with different calorie and nutritional values on pubertal onset in female rats. Method Female Wistar rat models receiving calorie-deprived (group R) (Experiment 1) ,fat-rich(group F) ,glucose-rich(group G) and protein-rich(group P) (Experiment 2) test diets were established,and rats receiving diets with normal caloric value were considered as control group (group C). The body weight (BW) ,food-intake and vaginal patency (VP) were observed. The rats were killed at the day of vaginal patency. The BW, uterus weight (UW), uterus index (UI), calorie intake per day (CI), perirenal fat weight (PFW) and perirenal fat index (PFI) were measured. The serum levels of leptin, ghrelin, IGF- Ⅰ were tested by means of ELISA.Results Experiment 1:The VP was retarded in group R compared with group C (P<0. 01). There was a significant difference in BW, UW,UI ,CI,leptin and ghrelin at the VP day between group R and group C (all P<0.01) ,and no significant difference in IGF- Ⅰ levels between these two groups. Experiment 2 :The VP was retarded in group F,group G and group P in comparison with group C (P<0.01). The BW, PFW and PFI in group G and group F were markedly higher than those in group P and group C. The leptin level in group F was the highest, and the lowest in group P. The ghrelin level in group G was the highest,and that in group P was the lowest. However,there were no significant differences in IGF- Ⅰ and UI among these, four groups. Conclusion The normal pubertal onset of female rats requires sufficient caloric stores and balanced nutrient. Diets malnutrition and fat-rich, glucoserich and protein-rich test diets all delay pubertal onset in female rats.     

不同能量及营养结构饮食对雌性大鼠性发育的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of diets with different calorie and nutritional values on pubertal onset in female rats. Method Female Wistar rat models receiving calorie-deprived (group R) (Experiment 1) ,fat-rich(group F) ,glucose-rich(group G) and protein-rich(group P) (Experiment 2) test diets were established,and rats receiving diets with normal caloric value were considered as control group (group C). The body weight (BW) ,food-intake and vaginal patency (VP) were observed. The rats were killed at the day of vaginal patency. The BW, uterus weight (UW), uterus index (UI), calorie intake per day (CI), perirenal fat weight (PFW) and perirenal fat index (PFI) were measured. The serum levels of leptin, ghrelin, IGF- Ⅰ were tested by means of ELISA.Results Experiment 1:The VP was retarded in group R compared with group C (P<0. 01). There was a significant difference in BW, UW,UI ,CI,leptin and ghrelin at the VP day between group R and group C (all P<0.01) ,and no significant difference in IGF- Ⅰ levels between these two groups. Experiment 2 :The VP was retarded in group F,group G and group P in comparison with group C (P<0.01). The BW, PFW and PFI in group G and group F were markedly higher than those in group P and group C. The leptin level in group F was the highest, and the lowest in group P. The ghrelin level in group G was the highest,and that in group P was the lowest. However,there were no significant differences in IGF- Ⅰ and UI among these, four groups. Conclusion The normal pubertal onset of female rats requires sufficient caloric stores and balanced nutrient. Diets malnutrition and fat-rich, glucoserich and protein-rich test diets all delay pubertal onset in female rats.     

Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma in pathogenesis of experimental fatty liver disease

AIM: To study the expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-y (PPARy) in the liver of rats with fatty liver disease (FLD) and to explore the role of PPARy in the pathogenesis of FLD to provide the basis for using PPARy ligand to treat patients with FLD.METHODS: Forty Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups of ten rats each randomly: normal group (group A), alcohol group (group B), fat-rich diet group (group C), alcohol and fat-rich diet group (group D). The rats were sacrificed at the end of the 16th week from the feeding day. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), tumor necrosis factor-alfa (TNFa)in serum and malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver homogenate were determined; livers were collected for observing pathologic changes by HE, Sudan IV, Masson stain under microscope. The morphologic results were analyzed by picture quantitative analysis technique. The changes of ultrastructure were also examined under electron microscope.The expression of PPARy in liver was detected by immunoh-istochemistry and RT-PCR. The correlations between the expression of PPARy and biochemical indexes, and liver histology were analyzed.RESULTS: The steatosis, inflammation, necrosis and fibrosis were present in livers of different experimental groups,especially in livers of alcohol and fat-rich diet group. The content of immunodetectable PPARy was decreased remarkably in the livers of model rats (group B-D); the level in alcohol and fat-rich diet group (3.43+ 1.48) was significantly lower than that in normal group (18.34+3.73), alcohol group(8.82+2.52) and fat-rich diet group (11.73+2.51) (all P&lt;0.01).The level of PPARy mRNA was also lower in the livers of model rats (group B-D) than in‘livers of controls. The expression of PPARy in rat liver correlated negatively with the degree of its inflammation, necrosis and fibrosis, as well as the level of serum TNFα and the content of MDA in liver homogenates, but not with steatosis or serum ALT.CONCLUSION: Decreased expression of PPARy may play an important role in the development of hepatocellular inflammation, necrosis and fibrosis of rats with FLD. Thus,activating PPARy by its ligand can be anticipated to provide a therapy target for FLD.