原子吸收法测定31种蔬菜水果中的微量元素含量

目的了解西安市市售常见蔬菜水果中微量元素含量,为指导人们的健康饮食提供参考数据。方珐采用原子吸收光谱法测定26种蔬菜和5种水果中的钙、镁、锌、铁、锰、铜、铅等元素含量。结果样品中钙含量前三位的蔬菜为白蒿、芹菜、青菜,钙含量最高的水果为橙子;镁含量前三位的蔬菜为白蒿、红薯、菠菜,镁含量最高的水果为香蕉;铁含量最高的蔬菜、水果分别为白蒿、菠萝;锌含量最高的蔬菜和水果分别为莴笋和苹果;铜元素含量最高的蔬菜和水果分别为红薯和苹果;锰含量最高的蔬菜和水果分别为生姜和菠萝;铅含量前三位的蔬菜是平菇、莲花白和莴笋。钙、镁、铁、锌、铜、锰含量的变化范围分别为18．64～2728．35mg／kg、46．03～572．28mg／kg、1．45～141．46mg／kg、8．25～83．67mg／kg、0．01～4．659mg／kg、0．124～43．383mg／kg、0．148～8．384mg／kg。结论不同蔬菜、水果中微量元素含量差别较大,人们应该合理膳食、平衡营养。     

桃叶卫矛中营养元素的分析测定

对桃叶卫矛果实中的钾、钙、镁、钠、铜、铁、锌、锰等营养元素进行测定分析。结果表明:桃叶卫矛果实中富含钙、镁、钠、钾营养元素、富含铁、锰、锌微量元素,为桃叶卫矛果实中医用价值及保健功能提供科学理论依据。     

锰作业职工的血中微量元素变化

探讨长期高浓度锰暴露对职工血中微量元素的影响。进一步了解锰作业对工人健康损害的机制,为保护接触锰烟尘作业工人身体健康提供理论依据。方法某局桥梁厂男性电焊工65人作为锰接触组,该厂不接触锰烟尘及其他有害物质的行政、后勤人员65名作为对照组。血锰含量测定采用石墨炉原子吸收法,血中铜、铁、锌、镁、钙含量测定采用火焰原子吸收法。结果锰接触组血中锰含量（0．09．4±0．03μg／m1）高于对照组（0．06±0．05μg／m1）,而钙含量（4．93±2．70μg／m1）低于对照组（5．93±2．65μg／ml）,锌含量没有明显变化。结论长期高浓度锰暴露职工血中微量元素锰含量明显升高,钙含量明显降低,铁含量在接触锰早期明显降低,其他微量元素无规律性变化。     

香椿叶中氨基酸和营养元素分析

采用氨基酸自动分析仪和原子吸收分光光度计,测定了香椿叶中氨基酸和营养元素的含量。结果表明香椿叶中含有丰富的氨基酸和营养元素,氨基酸总量为27.43%,其中必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量的32.45%;钾、钙、镁、钠、铁、锰、锌、铜的含量分别为20287、5623、3218、807、187、46.5、58.6、25.2μg/g。     

蚕蛹中无机元素含量分析

样品消化液，用原子荧光、火焰光度和电感耦合等离子光谱法测定蚕蛹中28种无机元素。结果表明，钾、磷、镁、钙、钠和铁、锌、铜、锶、锰等人体必需宏、微量元素富含其含量之和为22327ug／g，占所测元素加和量22336ug／g的99．96％；而镉、汞等有害人体的微量元素含量极低，其和为0．231ug／g，仅占加和量的十万分之一，远低于致毒量。     

麦芽中无机元素含量的测定

样品消化液用火焰光度、原子荧光和ICP-AFS法测定麦芽中28种无机元素，除铜、硼、锎、铅未检出外，其余元素皆含有或富含，钾、磷、镁、钙、钠和铁、锌、锰、铜、锶、镍、钒、铬、钻14种人体必需宏、微量元素含量之和为11．85mg／g，占所测元素加和量的98．5％；有害微量元素铍、汞、镉含量极低，其含量之和为0．067μg／g，仅占加和量的5．5／百万，远低于致毒量。麦芽是一种主要的消食药，全国各地均产，开发前景广阔。     

藜蒿茎叶中6种元素的测定分析

目的：研究红、白藜蒿茎叶中钙、镁、铁、锰、铜、锌等6种元素含量及其差异性。方法：用原子吸收法测定红、白藜蒿茎叶中6种元素含量，对测定结果进行比较分析。结果：钙、镁、铁、锰、铜、锌含量的测定结果分别为：白藜蒿茎部含量分别为9416、2785、139．4、138．3、22．6、146．7mg／kg，白藜蒿叶部的含量分别为3487、1338、23．3、25．0、7．65、51．7mg／kg，红藜蒿茎部的含量分别为8230、2068、103．7、140．0、36．2、102．8mg／kg，红藜蒿叶部的含量分别为5460、2010、55．1、36．0、24．5、90．1mg／kg。结论：藜蒿中6种元素含量丰富，红、白藜蒿中茎部6种元素含量均大于叶部，红藜蒿与白藜蒿茎、叶中6种元素含量有较大差异。．     

鲜鸡蛋中铁、镁的火焰原子吸收分光光度测定法

目的了解螺旋藻鸡蛋中铁、镁的含量。方法鲜蛋去壳后，将蛋黄与蛋清搅匀，取10．0g样品湿式消化后，火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定。结果螺旋藻鸡蛋中铁、镁含量平均值为33．3、294mg／kg，一般鸡蛋铁、镁含量平均值为25．5、230mg/kg。检出限：铁0．2mg／L，镁0．05mg／L。标准曲线相关系数：铁为0．9966，镁为0．9998。结论该方法测定鲜鸡蛋中铁、镁元素，准确，快速，污染少，灵敏度高。     

核桃仁中无机元素含量的测定

样品消化液用原子荧光、火焰光度和ICP法测定核桃仁中28种无机元素的含量,其中钾、磷、镁、钙、钠和锰、铁、锌、铜、锶、镍、铬、钒、钻、钼15种人体必需宏、微量元素含量之和分别为14．16mg／g,占所测元素加和量的99．93％;有害人体的微量元素铅未检出;镉、汞、铍含量极低。核桃生熟皆宜,食药两用,我国盛产,值得大力开发利用。     

黄豆油中8种金属元素的测定与分析

采用微量注射进样火焰原子吸收法测定了黄豆油中8种金属元素的含量,其中钙、镁、铁、铜、锌、锰、钾、钠的含量分别为151.50,56.80,6.39,1.24,18.82,1.31,8.63,2.72μg/g。同时分析了元素含量之间的比例关系。     

Content of major and minor mineral elements in weekly diets of eleven Finnish hospitals

As part of the research programme of the Sub-network on Trace Element Status in Foods and Diets of the FAO Cooperative Network on Trace Elements, the concentrations of Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Mo and Ni were determined in homogenized weekly diets collected from 11 hospitals throughout Finland. Samples were analysed by atomic absorption spectrometry using certified reference materials to ensure analytical quality control. The average energy content of the diets was 8.6 MJ (2045 kcal). The average mineral concentrations were as follows: Na 0.45 g/MJ; K 0.49 g/MJ; Ca 160 mg/MJ; Mg 42 mg/MJ; Fe 1.6 mg/MJ; Zn 1.6 mg/MJ; Mn 0.70 mg/MJ; Cu 0.18 mg/MJ; Mo 12 μg/MJ; and Ni 14 μg/MJ. In conclusion, the quality of Finnish hospital diets with regard to major and minor mineral elements is acceptable with the exceptions of iron, zinc and copper, whose intake may be limited at low energy levels.     

Evaluation of qualitative properties of amaranth (Amaranthus)

The work contains results of determination of protein, fat, carbohydrates, water, ash, energy value, B group vitamins (B1, B2, PP, B6) and minerals (Ca, P, Mg, Fe, Na, K, Cu, Mn, Zn, Co, Ni, Cr, Cd, Pb) in three products of amaranth. The nutrients components were determined by general approved analytical methods. Vitamins group B were determined using microbiological methods. Minerals like Ca, Mg, Fe, Na, K, Cu, Mn, Zn, Co, Ni, Cr, Cd and Pb were determined using the flame AAS method. Phosphorus was determined spectrophotometrically as phosphates with ammonium molybdate. Mean percentage content of protein, fat, caborhydrates, water and ash in products of amaranth examined (seeds, meal, expanded seeds "popping") were: 13.5-14.4; 7.1-7.6; 63.8-71.7; 3.0-12.3; 3.1-3.4 respectively; there energy value expressed in Kcal/100 g were 373-412. Vitamins content in products of amaranth (mg/100 g) were: 0.019-0.029 thiamin; 0.100-0.143 riboflavin; 1.02-1.20 niacinamide and 0.563-0.615 pyridoxin. The levels (mg/100 g) of minerals were as follow: 204-223 Ca; 712-792 P; 8.3-9.7 Fe; 200-235 Mg; 2.9-3.1 Zn; 1.03-1.38 Cu; 3.78-4.54 Mn; 6.30-8.42 Na; 318-337 K; 0.040-0.055 Cr; 0.185-0.292 Ni and 0.045-0.051 Co. Mean contents of cadmium ranged 5-9 micrograms/100 g and lead 27-35 micrograms/100 g in examined products of amaranth.     

Mineral and trace element concentrations in seaweeds from the sub-Antarctic ecoregion of Magallanes (Chile)

The P, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn concentrations were determined in seventy-three samples of seaweeds belonging to different genera (classified as brown, red and green seaweeds), which were collected from three zones in the sub-Antarctic ecoregion of Magallanes (Chile). There were clear differences in the concentrations between the considered genera. Brown seaweed had the highest mean K (31.4 g/kg) and Ca (10.3 g/kg) concentrations compared with red (14.1 g/kg for K and 3.11 g/kg for Ca) and green (13.9 g/kg for K and 7.58 g/kg for Ca) seaweed, and green seaweed had the highest mean Mg (15.0 g/kg), Fe (1260 mg/kg) and Cu (7.46 mg/kg) concentrations. The consumption of a serving (8 g) from of the three groups of brown, red and green seaweed is a good source of Fe, Mg and Mn (>25% of the Dietary Recommended Intake). Significant differences were observed in the mean concentrations of all the minerals and trace elements, except for Fe, Cu and Mn, between the three collection zones. Factor and discriminant analysis were used to differentiate the type of seaweed and sampling zone. Besides which, good classifications were obtained according to the type of seaweed using discriminant analysis.     

枸杞果肉种子及全果中元素的测定

目的:测定枸杞中果肉、种子及全果中铁、铜、锌、钾、钠、钙、镁、锰、锂、锶元素的含量,并比较其元素含量的差异,为临床应用提供依据。方法:火焰原子吸收法。结果:钾、钠、钙在果肉中含量较种子中丰富,而镁和锰在种子中含量比果肉中高得多,锶的含量只有1.535μg/g,比果肉42.511μg/g少得多。铜的含量果肉中12.593μg/g,而种子中只有6.930μg/g。全果中各种元素含量均居果肉和种子之间。结论:各种元素在果肉、种子及全果中含量有明显差异,因而对不同元素缺乏症应视具体情况服用果肉、种子或全果。     

蜻蜓蛹中微量元素及其营养价值

蜻蜓蛹含有丰富的蛋白质、脂肪、氨基酸、微量元素等营养成分。采用现代分析技术手段对蜻蜓蛹中Na、K、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Mg 7种微量元素进行分析,结果表明:蜻蜓蛹(干品)中Na、K、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Mg 7种微量元素的含量分别为1340.80、2291.25、596.40、22.65、30.70、26.65、631.25μg/g,是一种有较高开发潜力的天然昆虫资源。     

Minerals and trace elements in a collection of wheat landraces from the Canary Islands

Phosphorous, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn and Se were determined in eighteen wheat landraces from Canary Islands and a commercial cultivar. The mean values obtained were: P (2370 ± 333 mg/kg); Na (102 ± 52 mg/kg); K (4363 ± 386 mg/kg); Ca (351 ± 62 mg/kg); Mg (1163 ± 155 mg/kg); Fe (40.0 ± 5.5 mg/kg); Cu (2.68 ± 0.93 mg/kg); Zn (32.1 ± 2.9 mg/kg); Mn (22.1 ± 3.5 mg/kg); Se (67.7 ± 40.4 μg/kg). There were differences (P < 0.05) in the mineral and trace element between the analyzed cultivars, and between the species and subspecies of wheats. Therefore, the Triticum aestivum species had higher mean P, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn concentrations, and a lower mean Se concentration, than Triticum turgidum species. The environment and agronomic practices could affect the genetic information of the seeds determining changes in the mineral and trace element composition. The wheat represents an excellent source of Mn (over 100% of recommended dietary intake, RDI), as well as P, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn and Se (20–50% of RDI). Many correlations were found between the parameters analyzed emphasizing the Cu–Mg (r = 0.691) and Cu–Mn (r = 0.619) correlations. Linear discriminant analysis allowed a good differentiation of the wheat samples according to the cultivar (89.7% of wheat samples classified correctly).     

槐花蜜 枣花蜜 荆条蜜中8种元素的测定与研究

采用原子吸收光谱仪 ,对槐花蜜、枣花蜜、荆条蜜 3种蜂蜜中的铁、锌、钙、钾、镁、钠、铜、锰 8种元素的含量进行了测定 ,结果表明 ,不同种类的蜂蜜所含的微量元素也有差别 ,蜂蜜中含有一定的铁、钙、钾、钠元素 ,锌、镁、铜等元素的含量很低 ,锰元素在 3种蜂蜜中均未检出。     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定秦巴山区肉桂中几种微量元素

采用微波消解肉桂样品,火焰原子吸收光谱法(FAAS)测定了秦巴山区肉桂中8种无机元素K、Ca、Mg、Fe、Zn、Mn、Cu、Pb的含量。结果表明:元素含量由高到底排序为:K、Mg、Ca、Mn、Pb、Zn、Fe、Cu。方法的回收率均在96.81%~115.6%之间。该法测定时间短,操作简单,节省试剂,环境污染少。     

Contents of mineral elements in Swedish market basket diets

The aim of this study was to estimate the average dietary exposure to toxic and essential mineral elements in the Swedish population (Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr, Fe, Mn, Co, Se, Ca, K, Mg, Na, I). Market baskets were purchased during March-May 1999 in four cities representing the major geographical regions and population centres in Sweden. The market baskets were based on food disappearance data representing more than 90% of annual supply, and were divided into 12 food groups.Large variations between food groups were seen for the average concentrations of most essential elements. Differences between the four cities were relatively small (CoV < 10-20%), exceptions being e.g. Se in cereals and I in meat. Pb concentration varied considerably among food groups ranging from <0.001 mg/kg in soft drinks to 0.027 mg/kg in wine. Cd concentration varied from <0.001 mg/kg in soft drinks and dairy products to 0.024 mg/kg in cereal products. Average contents of the elements were (per/person/day) 1110 mg Ca, 2580 mg Na, 3320 mg K, 285 mg Mg, 11.3 mg Zn, 9.2 mg Fe, 3.5 mg Mn, 1.15 mg Cu, 0.20 mg I, 0.052 mg Se, 0.09 mg Ni, 0.025 mg Cr, 0.011 mg Co, 0.007 mg Pb and 0.010 mg Cd. Compared to a previous study in 1987 no or minor changes in the supply of Ca, Mg, Zn, Mn, Cu and Cd have occurred. The content of Fe was about 40% lower in the present study, mainly due to cessation of flour fortification. The content of Se was about 30% higher. The content of Pb was about 50% lower, probably due to the elimination of Pb from petrol and other measures taken to reduce Pb emissions in Sweden. The average content of essential mineral elements in the Swedish diet was close to or above daily recommended intakes for adults, except for Mg and Fe. The average Pb and Cd content corresponds to 3% and 17% of the JECFA PTWI, respectively. The content of Cd corresponds to 47% of the new TWI established by EFSA in 2009.     

野生蔬菜大叶芹中14种无机元素的测定

目的通过检测野生蔬菜大叶芹中无机元素，了解其无机元素的含量情况。方法采用火焰原子吸收光谱法、石墨炉原子吸收光谱法和化学分析法，结合使用基体改进剂技术，依据国家标准进行测定。结果大叶芹中K、Na、Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr、Co、Ni、As等人体必需无机元素的含量分别为930、247、1270、894、187．7、9．4、9．0、15．80、〈0．10、0．89、〈0．10、〈0．50、〈0，10mg／kg，有害元素Cd含量为0．04mg／kg。结论野生蔬菜大叶芹中K、Na、Ca、Mg、Zn等人体必需的无机元素含量丰富，有较高的开发利用价值。同时也检测出有害元素Cd，说明此种野生山菜已受到了环境或土壤的污染。