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Ning Zhao Xu-chao Zhang Hong-hong Yan Jin-ji Yang Yi-long Wu 《Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2014
Background
EGFR mutation status is closely related to the efficacy of EGFR-TKIs in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). EGFR-TKIs have become the standard first-line treatment for advanced EGFR-mutation NSCLC, while for EGFR wild-type tumors, the preferred first-line treatment is chemotherapy. However, the efficacy of EGFR-TKIs as second-line treatment in EGFR wild-type NSCLC remains controversial. We sought to evaluate the effectiveness of EGFR-TKI as second-line treatment in EGFR wild-type NSCLC.Methods
Randomized controlled trials that compared EGFR-TKIs with chemotherapy in previously treated advanced NSCLC with wild-type EGFR were included. We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of EGFR-TKIs compared with standard chemotherapy. The endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and objective response rate (ORR).Results
Six randomized controlled trials with a total of 990 patients with wild-type EGFR were included: 499 in the EGFR-TKIs group and 491 in the chemotherapy group. The results indicated that in the second-line treatment of EGFR wild-type advanced NSCLC, PFS was significantly inferior in the EGFR-TKIs group versus the chemotherapy group (HR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.20–1.56, P < 0.00001). However, this significant difference did not translate into OS (HR = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.87–1.20, P = 0.81). ORR tended to favor chemotherapy but there was no significant difference compared with EGFR-TKI (RR = 1.77, 95% CI = 0.90–3.50, P = 0.10).Conclusions
Chemotherapy improves PFS significantly but not OS, compared with EGFR-TKIs as a second-line treatment in advanced NSCLC with wild-type EGFR. Whether EGFR-TKIs should be used in EGFR wild-type patients should be considered carefully. 相似文献3.
Joerger M deJong D Burylo A Burgers JA Baas P Huitema AD Beijnen JH Schellens JH 《Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2011,74(2):310-317
Background
The aim of this study was to assess the predictive value of tumor expression of nine genes on clinical outcome in patients with advanced NSCLC receiving platinum-gemcitabine chemotherapy.Methods
Quantitative PCR or immunohistochemistry were used to analyze the expression of β-tubuline IIA (TUBB2A), β-tubuline III (TUBB3), BRCA1, ERCC1, Abraxas (ABRX) and RAP80 in mRNA isolated from paraffin-embedded tumor biopsies of 45 NSCLC patients treated as part of a larger observational trial. All patients received first-line platinum-gemcitabine chemotherapy for stage IIIB or IV NSCLC.Results
Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 7 months, overall survival (OS) 12 months. A partial treatment response was found in 14 patients (33%). Patients with low ERCC1 or ABRX expression had a significantly better response to chemotherapy (R = −0.45, p < 0.01 for ERCC1; R = −0.40, p = 0.016 for ABRX). A significant correlation was found between the individual time for PFS and the expression of both ERCC1 (R = −0.36, p = 0.015) and ABRX (R = −0.46, p = 0.001). Patients with low ERCC1 expression had a longer OS as compared to patients with high ERCC1 expression (HR = 0.26, log-rank p = 0.02).Conclusions
The study confirms tumor expression of ERCC1 as a predictor for clinical outcome in patients with advanced NSCLC receiving platinum-based chemotherapy, and found ABRX expression to be similarly predictive of clinical outcome. Prospective validation is warranted and - if confirmed - non platinum-containing chemotherapy should be explored as the preferred treatment in patients with high ERCC1 or ABRX expression and no activating mutations of EGFR. 相似文献4.
Jenn-Yu WuShang-Gin Wu Chih-Hsin YangYih-Leong Chang Yeun-Chung ChangYa-Chieh Hsu Jin-Yuan Shih Pan-Chyr Yang 《Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2011,72(2):205-212
Introduction
Erlotinib and gefitinib are tyrosine kinase (TK) inhibitors of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) that are effective in treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to compare their clinical uses and the influence of EGFR mutation.Methods
The usages of erlotinib and gefitinib in advanced NSCLC were analyzed. Clinical data and EGFR mutational status of tumors were collected.Results
Seven hundred and sixteen (716) patients received gefitinib (n = 440) or erlotinib (n = 276) for stage IIIb or IV NSCLC. Erlotinib was prescribed more frequently than gefitinib in males (58.2% vs. 41.8%, p < 0.001), smokers (60.5% vs. 39.5%, p < 0.001), and non-adenocarcinoma (70.6% vs. 29.4%, p < 0.001). Of the 716 study patients, 327 underwent testing for EGFR mutations (170 with mutant EGFR and 157 with wild-type EGFR). Adenocarcinoma in patients with mutant EGFR and non-smoker status in patients with wild-type EGFR were associated with better overall survival after TK inhibitor treatment. In both patient groups with mutant EGFR or wild-type EGFR, the effectiveness of gefitinib and erlotinib, including drug response or overall survival, were not different.Conclusions
Our study revealed the obvious disparity in drug selection between erlotinib and gefitinib in clinical practice. Type of TK inhibitors did not influence treatment outcomes in patients with EGFR mutation or wild-type EGFR. 相似文献5.
Lopez Guerra JL Wei Q Yuan X Gomez D Liu Z Zhuang Y Yin M Li M Wang LE Cox JD Liao Z 《Radiotherapy and oncology》2011,101(2):271-277
Purpose
We investigated the association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the heat shock protein beta-1 (HSPB1) gene and the risk of radiation-induced esophageal toxicity (RIET) in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Materials and methods
The experimental dataset comprised 120 NSCLC patients who were treated with radio(chemo)therapy between 2005 and 2009, when novel radiation techniques were implemented at MD Anderson. The validation dataset comprised 181 NSCLC patients treated between 1998 and 2004. We genotyped two SNPs of the HSPB1 gene (rs2868370 and rs2868371) by TaqMan assay.Results
Univariate and multivariate analyses of the experimental dataset showed that the CG/GG genotypes of HSPB1 rs2868371 were associated with significantly lower risk of grade ?3 RIET than the CC genotype (univariate hazard ratio [HR] 0.30; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.10-0.91; P = 0.033; multivariate HR 0.29; 95% CI, 0.09-0.97; P = 0.045). This difference in risk was replicated in the validation cohort despite the different radiation techniques used during that period.Conclusions
The CG/GG genotypes of HSPB1 rs2868371 were associated with lower risk of RIET, compared with the CC genotype in patients with NSCLC treated with radio(chemo)therapy. This finding should be validated in large multi-institutional prospective trials. 相似文献6.
Tanja Langsenlehner Wilfried RennerArmin Gerger Günter HofmannEva-Maria Thurner Karin S. KappUwe Langsenlehner 《Radiotherapy and oncology》2011,98(3):387-393
Background and purpose
Polymorphisms in genes responsible for DNA damage signaling and repair might modulate DNA repair capacity and, therefore, affect cell and tissue response to radiation and influence individual radiosensitivity. The purpose of the present prospective investigation was to evaluate the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in XRCC1 with radiation-induced late side effects in prostate cancer patients treated with radiotherapy.Material and methods
To analyze the role of XRCC1 polymorphisms for late toxicity 603 participants from the Austrian PROCAGENE study treated with three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy were included in the present investigation. Three non-synonymous candidate polymorphisms in the X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) gene (Arg194Trp; Arg280His; Arg399Gln) were selected and determined by 5´-nuclease (TaqMan) assays.Results
Within a median follow-up time of 35 months, 91 patients (15.7%) developed high-grade late toxicities (defined as late bladder and/or rectal toxicity RTOG ? 2). In a Kaplan-Meier analysis, carriers of the XRCC1 Arg280His polymorphism were at decreased risk of high-grade late toxicity (p = 0.022), in multivariate analysis including clinical and dosimetric parameters as potential confounders the XRCC1 Arg280His polymorphism remained a significant predictor for high-grade late toxicity (HR = 0.221, 95% CI 0.051-0.956; p = 0.043). No significant associations were found for the remaining polymorphisms.Conclusions
We conclude that the XRCC1 Arg280His polymorphism may be protective against the development of high-grade late toxicity after radiotherapy in prostate cancer patients. 相似文献7.
Cathinka HalleMalin Lando Kolbein SundførGunnar B. Kristensen Ruth HolmHeidi Lyng 《Radiotherapy and oncology》2011,101(1):152-157
Purpose
We have applied the sensitive and specific in situ proximity ligation assay (PLA) to characterize Tyr1068 phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in cervical cancer in relation to the protein level and gene dosage.Materials and methods
Pretreatment tumor biopsies from 178 patients were analyzed. EGFR protein level was determined by immunohistochemistry, and Tyr1068 phosphorylation was detected with PLA in 97 EGFR positive tumors. EGFR gene dosage was derived from array comparative genomic hybridization of 86 cases.Results
EGFR was expressed in most tumors, whereas phosphorylation was seen in about half of the EGFR positive ones. A correlation was found between the expression of EGFR and phosphorylated EGFR (p = 0.016, membrane; p = 0.012, cytoplasm). However, tumor regions with high protein level without phosphorylation were occasionally seen and the percentage of EGFR positive cells was higher than the phosphorylated percentage (p < 0.001). Moreover, an increase in the phosphorylation in both the membrane (p = 0.014) and cytoplasm (p = 0.002) was seen in 11 tumors with gain of EGFR. The protein level was not correlated with gene dosage.Conclusion
In contrast to gain of the EGFR chromosomal region, high EGFR protein level may not necessarily indicate Tyr1068 phosphorylation and thereby receptor activation in cervical cancer. 相似文献8.
G. SergeantE. Lerut N. EctorsT. Hendrickx R. AertsB. Topal 《European journal of surgical oncology》2011,37(1):80-86
Background
Intratumoral hypoxia has been suggested to drive more aggressive tumor behavior. Our aim was to define whether markers of tumor hypoxia are predictors of outcome in patients with gallbladder carcinoma.Patients and methods
From 1996 to 2006, 34 patients underwent resection for gallbladder carcinoma. The median follow-up was 12.6 months. Immunohistochemical stains for VEGF, HIF1α, GLUT1, GLUT3, CA9 and EGFR were performed on archival tissue. Immunohistochemical results were correlated with clinical and histopathological parameters. Cumulative overall survival (OS) rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to identify predictors of OS.Results
The median OS was 11.9 (IQR: 3.4-22.0) months. Ubiquitous VEGF staining was observed in all gallbladder carcinomas. High (>50% of tumor cells) EGFR expression was associated with worse OS (p 0.03). CA9 expression was less prevalent in poorly differentiated tumors (p 0.02). GLUT3, GLUT1 and HIF1α expression were not associated with survival, but did correlate with the presence of lymph node metastasis (p 0.02), tumor differentiation (p 0.04) and tumor stage (p 0.03) respectively. High EGFR expression, TNM stage and preoperative serum CA19.9 were retained as independent predictors of OS in multivariable analysis.Conclusion
In gallbladder cancer high expression of EGFR is an independent predictor of survival. 相似文献9.
Purpose
To investigate whether methylation of BRMS1 is associated with clinical outcomes in patients with NSCLC.Methods
Methylation status of BRMS1 was examined in 325 NSCLC patients who were treated with surgery. We analyzed associations between the methylation of BRMS1 genes separately and available epidemiologic and clinical information including smoking status, gender, age, and histological type, or the stage of the tumor.Results
In the cohort of 325 NSCLC cases, 152 samples were identified as methylated (46.77%). Promoter methylation of BRMS1 was present only in 6 specimens (8.42%) in adjacent non-cancerous tissues (P = 2.257 × 10−14). Patient smoking history had a positive correlation with methylation rate of BRMS1 (OR = 2.508, 95%CI(1.516, 4.151)). Compared with unmethylated group, methylated group showed the lower level of BRMS1 mRNA (P = 0.013). And patients with a high level of BRMS1 mRNA expression had significantly better overall survival than those with low expression (P = 0.002). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis also showed that promoter methylation of BRMS1 was significantly unfavorable prognostic factors (hazard ratio, 1.912; 95% CI, and 1.341-2.726).Conclusions
These results provide clinical evidence to support the notion that BRMS1 is a NSCLC metastasis suppressor gene. Measuring methylation status of BRMS1 promotor is a useful marker for identifying NSCLC patients with worse disease-free survival. 相似文献10.
Qiong Zhang Hong-Hai Dai Hong-Yun Dong Cheng-Tao Sun Zhe Yang Jun-Qing Han 《Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2014
Background
This meta-analysis was performed to assess whether epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status was associated with objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with chemotherapy.Method
We systematically identified eligible articles investigating the effects of chemotherapy in patients with NSCLC stratified by EGFR mutation status. The summary risk ratio (RR) for ORR and hazard ratios (HRs) for both PFS and OS were calculated using the inverse variance formula of meta-analysis.Results
Identification for the current meta-analysis: 5 prospective studies (n = 875) and 18 retrospective studies (n = 1934) for ORR; 2 prospective studies (n = 434) and 10 retrospective studies (n = 947) for PFS; 2 prospective studies (n = 438) and 7 retrospective studies (n = 711) for OS. The ORR was significantly higher in patients with EGFR mutations in prospective studies (RR = 1.42; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16–1.74; P = 0.001), but not in retrospective studies (RR = 1.12; 95% CI, 0.96–1.32; P = 0.146). There was no obvious association between EGFR mutations and PFS both in prospective (HR = 0.84; 95% CI: 0.65–1.09; P = 0.197) and retrospective (HR = 1.02; 95% CI: 0.87–1.18; P = 0.838) studies. Association between EGFR mutations and OS was also not seen in prospective studies (HR = 0.74; 95% CI: 0.27–2.05; P = 0.566), but was seen in retrospective studies (HR = 0.48; 95% CI: 0.33–0.72; P < 0.001; I2 = 75.9%; P < 0.001) with significant heterogeneity.Conclusion
EGFR mutations in advanced NSCLC may be associated with higher ORRs to chemotherapy, but may have nothing to do with PFS and OS. Further prospective studies are required to identify the influence of EGFR mutations on chemotherapy effects in advanced NSCLC. 相似文献11.
Hye Jin Choi Joo Hyuk Sohn Chang Geol Lee Hyo Sub ShimIk-Jae Lee Woo Ick YangJi Eun Kwon Se Kyu KimMoo-Suk Park Ju Hee LeeJoo Hang Kim 《Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2011,71(1):55-59
Purpose
This study was undertaken to determine safety and tolerability of nimotuzumab, a humanized anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibody, in combination with radiotherapy in stages IIB-IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who are unsuitable for radical therapy or chemotherapy.Methods
Nimotuzumab (100 mg, 200 mg and 400 mg) was administered weekly from week 1 to week 8 with palliative radiotherapy (30-36 Gy, 3 Gy/day). If tumor control was achieved, nimotuzumab was continued every 2 weeks until unacceptable toxicity or disease progression. Serial skin biopsies were collected for pharmacodynamic assessment.Results
Fifteen patients were enrolled in the study, with cohorts of five patients assigned in each dose level of nimotuzumab. Patients and disease characteristics included median age 73 years; Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (PS) 0-1/2 (n = 3/12); female sex (n = 2); adenocarcinoma (n = 5); never-smoker status (n = 2); and stages IIB/IIIB/IV (n = 1/8/6). All patients were unable to tolerate radical therapy because of old age or multiple comorbidities. The most commonly reported adverse events were lymphopenia and asthenia (grades 1-2 in most patients). No skin rash or allergic toxicities appeared. Dose-limiting toxicity occurred with pneumonia with grade 4 neutropenia at the 200 mg dose of nimotuzumab. Objective response rate and disease control rate inside the radiation field were 46.7% and 100.0%, respectively.Conclusions
Nimotuzumab in combination with radiotherapy is well-tolerated and feasible. Further clinical investigation of nimotuzumab in NSCLC patients is warranted. 相似文献12.
Verstegen NE Lagerwaard FJ Haasbeek CJ Slotman BJ Senan S 《Radiotherapy and oncology》2011,101(2):250-254
Introduction
As a finding of benign disease is uncommon in Dutch patients undergoing surgery after a clinical diagnosis of stage I NSCLC, patients are also accepted for stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) without pathology. We studied outcomes in patients who underwent SABR after either a pathological (n = 209) or clinical diagnosis (N = 382).Materials and methods
Five hundred and ninety-one patients with a single pulmonary lesion underwent SABR after either a pathological- or a clinical diagnosis of stage I NSCLC based on a 18FDG-PET positive lesion with CT features of malignancy. SABR was delivered to a total dose of 60 Gy in 3, 5 or 8 fractions, and outcomes were compared between groups with and without pathological diagnosis.Results
Patients with pathology had significantly larger tumor diameters (p < .001) and higher predicted FEV1% values (p = .025). No significant differences were observed between both groups in overall survival (p = .99) or local control (p = .98). Regional and distant recurrence rates were also similar.Conclusions
In a population with a low incidence of benign 18FDG-PET positive lung nodules, clinical SABR outcomes were similar in large groups of patients with or without pathology. The survival benefits reported after the introduction of SABR are unlikely to be biased by inclusion of benign lesions. 相似文献13.
L.E.L. Hendriks E.F. Smit B.A.H. Vosse W.W. Mellema D.A.M. Heideman G.P. Bootsma M. Westenend C. Pitz G.J. de Vries R. Houben K. Grünberg M. Bendek E.-J.M. Speel A.-M.C. Dingemans 《Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2014
Objectives
Both bone and brain are frequent sites of metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Conflicting data exist whether EGFR mutant (+) patients are more prone to develop brain metastases or have a better outcome with brain metastases compared to EGFR/KRAS wildtype (WT) or KRAS+ patients. For bone metastases this has not been studied.Methods
In this retrospective case-control study all EGFR+ (exons 19 and 21) patients diagnosed at two pathology departments were selected (2004/2008 to 2012). For every EGFR+ patient a consecutive KRAS+ and WT patient with metastatic NSCLC (mNSCLC) was identified. Patients with another malignancy within 2 years of mNSCLC diagnosis were excluded. Data regarding age, gender, performance score, histology, treatment, bone/brain metastases diagnosis, skeletal related events (SRE) and subsequent survival were collected.Results
189 patients were included: 62 EGFR+, 65 KRAS+, 62 WT. 32%, 35% and 40%, respectively, had brain metastases (p = 0.645). Mean time to brain metastases was 20.8 [±12.0], 10.8 [±9.8], 16.4 [±10.2] months (EGFR+–KRAS+, p = 0.020, EGFR+–WT, p = 0.321). Median post brain metastases survival was 12.1 [5.0–19.1], 7.6 [1.2–14.0], 10.7 [1.5–19.8] months (p = 0.674). 60%, 52% and 50% had metastatic bone disease (p = 0.528). Mean time to development of metastatic bone disease was 13.4 [±10.6], 23.3 [±19.4], 16.4 [±9.6] months (p = 0.201). Median post metastatic bone disease survival was 15.0 [10.6–20.3], 9.0 [5.2–12.9], 3.2 [0.0–6.9] months (p = 0.010). Time to 1st SRE was not significantly different.Conclusions
Incidence of brain and bone metastases was not different between EGFR+, KRAS+ and WT patients. Post brain metastases survival, time from mNSCLC diagnosis to metastatic bone disease and 1st SRE did not differ either. Post metastatic bone disease survival was significantly longer in EGFR+ patients. Although prevention of SRE's is important for all patients, the latter finding calls for a separate study for SRE preventing agents in EGFR+ patients. 相似文献14.
Purpose
It has been suggested that hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-3 are associated with gefitinib resistance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We investigated the predictive and prognostic roles of these proteins in NSCLC patients treated with gefitinib.Patients and methods
Of 106 patients enrolled in a randomized phase II study of gefitinib, 97 had plasma samples available for ELISA testing. Of these samples, seven and eight, respectively, had HGF and IGFBP-3 values that could not be measured. Therefore, the correlations between clinical outcomes and plasma levels of HGF and IGFBP-3 were evaluated in 90 and 89 patients, respectively.Results
Plasma HGF levels were significantly higher in older patients, male patients, patients with squamous cell carcinoma, current smokers, and patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) wild-type tumors. Low HGF levels were significantly associated with higher response rate, and longer progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) irrespective of EGFR mutation status. In a multivariate analysis, the presence of EGFR mutations (P = 0.002) and low HGF levels (P = 0.031) were independently predictive of longer PFS, and an ECOG PS of 0 (P = 0.001) and low HGF levels (P = 0.002) were independently predictive of longer OS. No statistically significant differences were found for IGFBP-3.Conclusion
High HGF levels are significantly associated with resistance to gefitinib and can be used as a predictive marker for the differential outcome of gefitinib treatment in NSCLC irrespective of EGFR mutation status. 相似文献15.
Ren S Zhou S Wu F Zhang L Li X Zhang J Xu J Lv M Zhang J Zhou C 《Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2012,75(1):102-109
Background
Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in DNA repair genes can be used to explain the differences in survival of platinum-treated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients regardless of their performance status. To define the role of DNA repair gene SNPs in NSCLC patients, we investigated the association between survival and 12 different SNPs of 9 DNA repair genes.Methods
340 patients were treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. Polymorphisms were detected by real time PCR with TaqMan probe, using genomic DNA extracted from peripheral blood samples. Multivariate logistic or Cox regression analyses were used to adjust for possible confounding variables.Results
The median overall survival time was 15 months and it was significantly longer in patients harboring ERCC1 118 C/T or T/T allele: 18 months as compared to 13.8 months for the C/C allele (P = 0.014). Subgroup analysis revealed that ERCC1 118 C/T or T/T was associated with increased survival in elderly patients (P = 0.018), male (P = 0.022), squamous carcinoma (P = 0.003), smoker (P = 0.076) and those treated with non-gemcitabine/cisplatin or carboplatin (non-GP/GC) regimen (P = 0.023). XRCC3C/C was associated with better survival in non-gemcitabine/cisplatin treated patients (P = 0.014). Both of CCNH-V270A C/C or C/T and XPD 751 A/A showed a significant longer survival in the squamous cell carcinoma subgroup (P = 0.047 and P = 0.034 respectively).Conclusion
Present data indicates that ERCC1 118 C/T or T/T might provide a better prognostic predictive marker of NSCLC patients treated with platinum-based chemotherapy, mainly in elderly subgroup, male, squamous carcinoma, smoker and those treated with non-GP/GC regimen. 相似文献16.
Kim ST Uhm JE Lee J Sun JM Sohn I Kim SW Jung SH Park YH Ahn JS Park K Ahn MJ 《Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2012,75(1):82-88
Purpose
Gefitinib and erlotinib are potent EGFR TKIs, with antitumor activity. In this randomized, single-center, non-comparative phase II trial, the efficacy and safety of gefitinib and erlotinib was evaluated as the second-line therapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Patients and methods
Patients with locally advanced, metastatic stage IIIB/IV NSCLC who failed first-line chemotherapy and had either EGFR mutation or at least two out of three clinical factors associated with higher incidence of EGFR mutations (female, adenocarcinoma histology, and never-smoker) were eligible.Results
A total of 96 (48 per arm) patients were randomly assigned to gefitinib- or erlotinib-arm, respectively. Baseline characteristics were well-balanced between the two arms. The response rates (RR) were 47.9% in the gefitinib arm and 39.6% in the erlotinib arm. Median PFS was 4.9 months (95% CI, 1.3-8.5) in the gefitinib arm and 3.1 months (95% CI, 0.0-6.4) in the erlotinib arm. The most common grade 3/4 toxicity was skin rash. Exploratory analyses showed that there was no significant difference in RR and PFS in the gefitinib arm compared to the erlotinib arm (RR (%) 47.9 vs. 39.6, p = 0.269; median survival (months) 4.9 vs. 3.1, p = 0.336). There was no significant difference in QOL between the two arms.Conclusion
Both gefitinib and erlotinib showed effective activity and tolerable toxicity profiles as second-line treatment for the selected population of NSCLC. We may consider conducting a phase III trial to directly compare the efficacy and toxicity between gefitinib and erlotinib in an enriched patient population. 相似文献17.
《Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2015,88(3):311-317
ObjectivesExpression of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is associated with poor prognosis. The IGF-1R pathway activates downstream targets that bypass dependency in signals from the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which mediates resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). The aim of the present study was to determine the predictive role of IGF-1R expression in the response to EGFR-TKIs of NSCLC patients harboring activating EGFR mutations.Materials and methodsWe retrospectively studied 62 NSCLC patients who had activating EGFR mutations and received TKIs. Protein expression of IGF-1R, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) were measured by immunohistochemical staining. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify predictive factors associated with the responses to EGFR-TKIs. The relationship of progression-free survival (PFS) with IGF-1R expression and the presence of diabetes mellitus (DM) were examined.ResultsOf 62 EGFR mutation positive patients, 26 expressed IGF-1R, and 13 had DM. In the multivariate analysis, young age, squamous cell carcinoma, and IGF-1R expression were independently associated with a shorter PFS after treatment with EGFR-TKIs. Patients expressing IGF-1R showed a significantly shorter PFS in response to EGFR-TKIs compared with those lacking IGF-1R expression (9.1 vs. 20.1 months, p = 0.005). The 13 patients with DM were more likely to express IGF-1R (p = 0.001) and had shorter PFS times when treated with first-line EGFR-TKIs (7.6 vs. 18.6 months, p = 0.005), compared with those without DM.ConclusionIGF-1R expression was a negative predictive factor for a response to EGFR-TKIs in NSCLC patients harboring activating EGFR mutations. Moreover, patients with DM highly expressed IGF-1R in tumor tissues, which was associated with a poor response to first-line TKI therapy. Further studies aimed at overcoming EGFR-TKI resistance will need to also address IGF-1R pathways. 相似文献
18.
Oliver Zschenker Annette Raabe Inga Kathleen Boeckelmann Silke Szymczak Dirk Rades Ulrike Hoeller Ekkehard Dikomey Kerstin Borgmann 《Radiotherapy and oncology》2010,97(1):26-32
Purpose
To examine the association of polymorphisms in ATM (codon 158), GSTP1 (codon 105), SOD2 (codon 16), TGFB1 (position -509), XPD (codon 751), and XRCC1 (codon 399) with fibrosis and also individual radiosensitivity.Methods and materials
Retrospective analysis with 69 breast cancer patients treated with breast-conserving radiotherapy; total dose delivered was restricted to vary between 54 and 55 Gy. Fibrosis was evaluated according to LENT/SOMA score. DNA was extracted from blood samples; cellular radiosensitivity was measured using the G0 assay and polymorphisms by PCR-RFLP and MALDI-TOF, respectively.Results
Twenty-five percent of all patients developed fibrosis of grade 2 or 3. This proportion tends to be higher in patients being polymorphic in TGFB1 or XRCC1 when compared to patients with wildtype genotype, whereas for ATM, GSTP1, SOD2 and XPD the polymorphic genotype appears to be associated with a lower risk of fibrosis. However, none of these associations are significant. In contrast, when a risk score is calculated based on all risk alleles, there was significant association with an increased risk of fibrosis (per risk allele odds ratio (ORs) = 2.09, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.32-3.55, p = 0.0005). All six polymorphisms were found to have no significant effect on cellular radiosensitivity.Conclusions
It is most likely that risk for radiation-induced fibrosis can be assessed by a combination of risk alleles. This finding needs to be replicated in further studies. 相似文献19.
Andersen S Eilertsen M Donnem T Al-Shibli K Al-Saad S Busund LT Bremnes RM 《Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2011,72(3):294-302
Background
We aimed to explore the prognostic impact of the hypoxia induced factors (HIFαs) 1-2 and the metabolic HIF-regulated glucose transporter GLUT1, lactate dehydrogenase 5 (LDH5) and carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods
Tumor and stroma tissue samples from 335 unselected patients with stage I-IIIA NSCLC were obtained and tissue microarrays constructed. Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate expression.Results
For squamous cell carcinoma patients, high tumor cell expression of HIF1α and low stromal cell expression of HIF1α and HIF2α correlated significantly with a poor disease-specific survival (DSS) in both univariate (tumor HIF1α, P = 0.001; stromal HIF1α, P = 0.009; stromal HIF2α, P = 0.005) and multivariate analyses (tumor HIF1α, HR = 3.3, P = 0.001; stromal HIF1α, HR = 2.1, P = 0.008; stromal HIF2α, HR 2.3, P = 0.005). Among adenocarcinoma patients high tumor expression of GLUT1 and low stromal expression of LDH5 correlated significantly with a poor DSS in both univariate (GLUT1, P = 0.01; LDH5, P = 0.03) and multivariate analyses (GLUT1, HR = 1.9, P = 0.046; LDH5, HR = 2.3, P = 0.03).Conclusion
These markers show highly diverging prognostic impacts between histological subgroups and between tumor and stromal compartments in NSCLC. 相似文献20.
Vergnenègre A Monnet I Chouaïd C Hureaux J Mazières J Quéré G Lombard JN Cumin I Abdiche S Ejnaini CN Bonnabau H Decroisette Ch;GFPC team 《Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2011,74(2):264-267