胺碘酮对心力衰竭患者细胞因子的影响

目的观察心力衰竭患者血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和白细胞介素-6(IL-6)的变化,以及胺碘酮对心力衰竭患者外周血单核细胞(PBMC)分泌上述细胞因子的影响。方法测定30例健康人(对照组)和40例心力衰竭患者血清TNF-α和IL-6浓度,离心取PBMC,分别加入胺碘酮和脂多糖诱导(胺碘酮浓度为0μmol/L、0.1μmol/L、1.0μmol/L和10μmol/L,并进行细胞培养,经48小时孵化后,取培养上清液,用酶联免疫吸附法测定培养上清液中TNF-α和IL-6的浓度。结果与正常对照组相比,心力衰竭患者血清TNF-α和IL-6浓度明显升高,并随心力衰竭的程度加重而增加,TNF-α与IL-6呈正相关(r=0.61,P<0.01),胺碘酮对PBMC分泌的TNF-α和IL-6具有抑制作用并呈剂量依赖性。结论心力衰竭患者血清TNF-α与IL-6浓度明显升高,胺碘酮能抑制心力衰竭患者细胞因子的生成。TheeffectofAmiodaroneonserumcytokinelevelsinpatientswithchronicheartfailure     

胺碘酮联合美托洛尔治疗慢性心力衰竭并室性心律失常患者的疗效和安全性评价

目的探讨胺碘酮联合美托洛尔治疗慢性心力衰竭并室性心律失常的疗效及安全性。方法分层抽样法选取2018年10月至2019年10月本院110例慢性心力衰竭并室性心律失常患者。摸球法分组:对照组(55例)采用胺碘酮治疗,研究组(55例)采用胺碘酮联合美托洛尔治疗。比较两组疗效及安全性。结果治疗后,研究组心功能改善总有效率94.55%,高于对照组81.82%(P0.05);研究组心律失常改善总有效率96.36%,高于对照组83.64%(P0.05);研究组IL-6、TNF-α低于对照组(P0.05);研究组不良反应发生率3.64%,对照组则为7.27%(P0.05)。结论慢性心力衰竭并室性心律失常治疗中联用胺碘酮与美托洛尔可增强心功能、心律失常改善疗效,减轻炎症反应,且不良反应少。     

参松养心胶囊联合胺碘酮对心力衰竭伴室性心律失常的治疗作用研究

目的探讨参松养心胶囊联合胺碘酮对心力衰竭伴室性心律失常的治疗作用。方法将我院2018年1月到2019年1月的100例心力衰竭伴室性心律失常患者,随机分组,胺碘酮治疗组给予胺碘酮治疗,参松养心胶囊联合胺碘酮治疗组开展参松养心胶囊联合胺碘酮治疗。比较两组临床疗效、心功能NYHA分级改善2级的时间、室性心动过速发作减少50%的时间、治疗前后室早的总数、NT-proBNP以及QTd、并发症发生率。结果参松养心胶囊联合胺碘酮治疗组的临床疗效是50(100.00),胺碘酮治疗组则是40(80.00)(P<0.05)。治疗前两组室早的总数、NT-proBNP以及QTd接近(P>0.05);治疗后参松养心胶囊联合胺碘酮治疗组室早的总数、NT-proBNP以及QTd优于胺碘酮治疗组(P<0.05)。参松养心胶囊联合胺碘酮治疗组心功能NYHA分级改善2级的时间、室性心动过速发作减少50%的时间短于胺碘酮治疗组(P<0.05)。参松养心胶囊联合胺碘酮治疗组并发症发生率和胺碘酮治疗组无明显差异。结论心力衰竭伴室性心律失常患者实施参松养心胶囊联合胺碘酮治疗效果确切,可有效改善患者的心功能以及控制室性心律失常发作,无明显不良反应。     

老年心力衰竭病人血清TNF-α、IL-4、IL-8、IL-10水平变化

目的观察老年心力衰竭病人血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-4(IL-4)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)、白细胞介素-10(IL-10)水平变化。方法将2018年6月—2019年6月我院住院治疗的88例老年心力衰竭病人作为观察组,另选同期44名健康体检者作为对照组。采集所有研究对象空腹静脉血后测定TNF-α、IL-4、IL-8、IL-10并进行比较,同时分析观察组不同心功能分级及治疗前后血清指标差异。结果观察组TNF-α、IL-4、IL-8水平高于对照组,IL-10水平低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。TNF-α、IL-4、IL-8水平心功能Ⅳ级>心功能Ⅲ级>心功能Ⅱ级,IL-10水平心功能Ⅳ级<心功能Ⅲ级<心功能Ⅱ级,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。观察组治疗后TNF-α、IL-4、IL-8水平均低于治疗前,IL-10水平高于治疗前,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论老年心力衰竭病人血清TNF-α、IL-4、IL-8升高,IL-10下降,且心功能分级越高TNF-α、IL-4、IL-8越高,IL-10越低。     

慢性心力衰竭患者炎性细胞因子的变化及作用

目的探讨致炎细胞因子白细胞介素1(IL-1)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、γ干扰素(IFN-γ)和抗炎细胞因子白细胞介素10(IL-10)在慢性心力衰竭发生发展中的变化及作用。方法入选心力衰竭患者150例和健康对照50名,采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清IL-1、IL-6、IL-10、TNF-α和IFN-γ的水平。结果心力衰竭组患者血清IL-1、IL-6、IL-10、TNF-α和IFN-γ的水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01),且随着纽约心功能分级(NYHA)的增加而升高,并与左心室射血分数(LVEF)呈负相关(r=-0.586、-0.454、-0.521、-0.514、-0.502,均为P<0.01),与左心室舒张末容积(LVEDV)呈正相关(r=0.603、0.45、0.542、0.519、0.438,均为P<0.01);IL-1、IL-6、TNF-α、IFN-γ总和与IL-10的比值:NYHAⅢ级和Ⅳ级患者高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01),NYHAⅣ级患者高于Ⅲ级和Ⅱ级患者(P<0.05),NYHAⅢ级患者高于Ⅱ级患者(P<0.05),但NYHAⅡ级患者与对照组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);冠心病心力衰竭和扩张型心肌病心力衰竭患者的IL-1、IL-6、IL-10、TNF-α和IFN-γ水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论心力衰竭患者致炎细胞因子和抗炎细胞因子均增高,但抗炎因子增加相对不足,炎症反应随着心力衰竭程度加重而加重,与心功能状态有相关性,与病因无显著相关性,细胞因子在心力衰竭的发生发展中起着重要的作用。     

胺碘酮治疗老年慢性心力衰竭并心律失常的临床疗效

目的观察胺碘酮治疗老年慢性心力衰竭并心律失常的临床疗效。方法选取2014—2016年贵港市人民医院收治的老年慢性心力衰竭并心律失常患者80例,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组40例。两组患者均给予常规治疗,观察组患者另给予胺碘酮治疗,两组患者治疗3d后评价临床疗效。比较两组患者心功能改善效果、心律失常改善效果,治疗前后心率和QT间期(QTc),并观察两组患者治疗期间不良反应发生情况。结果观察组患者心功能改善效果和心律失常改善效果均优于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗前两组患者心率和QTc比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后观察组患者心率慢于对照组,QTc长于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组患者治疗期间不良反应发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论胺碘酮能有效改善老年慢性心力衰竭并心律失常患者心功能及心律失常,且安全性较高。     

芪苈强心胶囊对心力衰竭患者心功能、脑钠素及炎性因子水平的影响

目的 观察应用芪苈强心胶囊治疗慢性心力衰竭的疗效及对血浆N末端B型钠尿肽(NT-proBNP)水平与炎性因子血清肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)和白介素-6(IL-6)的影响.方法 将80例患者随机分为两组,治疗组用西药常规治疗加用芪苈强心胶囊治疗,对照组单用西药常规治疗,疗程8周.观察血浆NT-proBNP水平、心功能分级;采用放射免疫分析法,测定两血清TNF-α和IL-6水平.结果 两组治疗后心功能分级、左室射血分数(LVEF)明显改善,血浆NT-proBNP,血清TNF-α和lL-6水平明显下降(P<0.01);治疗组心功能分级、LVEF和NT-proBNP血清,TNF-α和IL-6水平下降程度均优于对照组(P<0.01).治疗后两组均未见不良反应.结论 芪苈强心胶囊具有效改善心力衰竭患者心功能,降低NT-proBNP,血清TNF-α和IL-6水平的作用.     

阿托伐他汀钙片联合胺碘酮对慢性心力衰竭并室性心律失常的影响

目的 探讨阿托伐他汀钙片联合胺碘酮治疗慢性心力衰竭（CHF）并室性心律失常的临床疗效.方法 选择2006年1月至2013年1月在漯河市第三人民医院接受治疗的97例慢性心力衰竭并发心律失常患者,分成两组,均给予常规治疗.对照组加用胺碘酮,观察组加用阿托伐他汀钙片和胺碘酮,两组均治疗12周,观察疗效和心电图、心功能变化,并行6min步行距离和血清TNF-α、IL-1、hs-CRP的测定.结果 观察组总有效率92.6％,对照组总有效率73.5％,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.治疗12周后,观察组QTc、LVEF和6 min步行试验（6MWT）均高于对照组（P＜0.05）,HR、QTd明显低于对照组（P＜0.05）.观察组TNF-α、IL-1、hs-CRP水平明显低于对照组（P＜0.05）.无明显不良反应.结论 阿托伐他汀钙片联合胺碘酮对CHF并室性心律失常患者的临床疗效较好且安全.     

阿托伐他汀钙在胺碘酮转复持续性心房颤动中的作用观察

目的探讨阿托伐他汀钙联合胺碘酮转复持续性心房颤动(简称房颤)及房颤复律后维持窦性心律的作用及其对血清炎症反应的影响。方法 68例持续性房颤患者,随机分为两组。对照组34例给予胺碘酮,治疗组34例给予胺碘酮和阿托伐他汀钙。两组均连续服药6个月,观察房颤转复后窦性心律维持率及转复前后血清高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白介素6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)变化。结果治疗组房颤转复率、窦性心律维持率均较对照组高(79.41%vs 61.76%,76.47%vs 55.88%,P均<0.05),对照组治疗前后hs-CRP、IL-6、TNF-α无变化(P>0.05),治疗组治疗后hs-CRP、IL-6、TNF-α明显降低(P<0.05)。结论阿托伐他汀钙可以降低房颤的复发,其机制可能与抗炎作用相关。     

胺碘酮联合瑞舒伐他汀治疗心律失常的疗效及患者血清炎性因子水平变化

目的 探究胺碘酮联合瑞舒伐他汀治疗心律失常的疗效及对患者血清炎性因子水平的影响。方法 选取88例心律失常患者,按照入院时间先后顺序分为单一组和联合组各44例;单一组单用胺碘酮治疗,联合组在胺碘酮基础上加用瑞舒伐他汀进行治疗;对比两组治疗前后血清炎性因子超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α、白细胞介素(IL)-18水平及心功能变化,治疗1、2、3个月后窦性心律维持率变化情况,治疗后两组疗效及安全性评价。结果 治疗后,hs-CRP、TNF-α、IL-18水平均低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。治疗后,两组每搏心输出量、左室射血分数均显著高于治疗前,且观察组显著高于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01);治疗后,两组左心室收缩末期内径及左心室舒张末期内径均显著低于治疗前,且观察组显著低于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。观察组治疗1、2、3个月后窦性心律维持率均显著高于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。观察组有效率明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组不良反应率明...     

The immunoneuroendocrine role of melatonin

Abstract: A tight, physiological link between the pineal gland and the immune system is emerging from a series of experimental studies. This link might reflect the evolutionary connection between self-recognition and reproduction. Pinealectomy or other experimental methods which inhibit melatonin synthesis and secretion induce a state of immunodepression which is counteracted by melatonin. In general, melatonin seems to have an immunoenhancing effect that is particularly apparent in immunodepressive states. The negative effect of acute stress or immunosuppressive pharmacological treatments on various immune parameters are counteracted by melatonin. It seems important to note that one of the main targets of melatonin is the thymus, i.e., the central organ of the immune system. The clinical use of melatonin as an immunotherapeutic agent seems promising in primary and secondary immunodeficiencies as well as in cancer immunotherapy. The immunoenhancing action of melatonin seems to be mediated by T-helper cell-derived opioid peptides as well as by lymphokines and, perhaps, by pituitary hormones. Melatonin-induced-immuno-opioids (MHO) and lymphokines imply the presence of specific binding sites or melatonin receptors on cells of the immune system. On the other hand, lymphokines such as -γ-interferon and interleukin-2 as well as thymic hormones can modulate the synthesis of melatonin in the pineal gland. The pineal gland might thus be viewed as the crux of a sophisticated immunoneuroendocrine network which functions as an unconscious, diffuse sensory organ.     

Changes in connexin43, the gap junction protein of astrocytes, during development of the rat pineal gland

Abstract: The abundance of gap junctions between rat pineal astrocytes formed by connexin43 (Cx43) was studied during development. Levels and distribution of Cx43 were measured by immunoblotting and indirect immunofluorescence, respectively. The amount of Cx43 in cells located within the gland was low until about the 7th postnatal day and increased to adult values between the 14th and 21st days postpartum. Although astrocytes, recognized by their vimentin immunoreactivity, were scarce before birth, they were abundant by the 7th postnatal day suggesting that the low levels of Cx43 found at this age corresponded to a low expression of this protein. Localization of the immunoreactivity to Cx43 and vimentin showed a close correlation, indicating that mature or immature pineal astrocytes form gap junctions made of Cx43. Since Cx43 levels attained their adult values at about the time the innervation and the functional state of the gland reached maturity (2–3 weeks after birth), it is proposed that astrocyte gap junctions are involved in the function of the adult rat pineal gland.     

Conservative management of perforated duodenal diverticulum： A case report and review of the literature

Duodenal diverticula are a relatively common condition. They are asymptomatic, unless they become complicated, with perforation being the rarest but most severe complication. Surgical treatment is the most frequently performed approach. We report the case of a patient with a perforated duodenal diverticulum, which was diagnosed early and treated conservatively with antibiotics and percutaneous drainage of secondary retroperitoneal abscesses. We suggest this method could be an acceptable option for the management of similar cases, provided that the patient is in good general condition and without septic signs.     

Response of rat pineal melatonin to calcium, magnesium, and lithium is circadian stage dependent

Abstract: Herein we documented the response of pineal melatonin production to electrolytes known to be effective on pineal function in view of a possible circadian stage dependence. We studied the release of melatonin by perifused rat pineal glands at 2 different circadian stages corresponding to the middle of the light and dark periods, i.e., respectively, 7 and 19 HALO (Hours After Light Onset, L:D = 12:12). The initial efflux rates were, as expected, much higher in the perifusates of glands removed from rats sacrificed during the dark phase than of those removed during the light phase. After 3 hr of perifusion, melatonin release reached similar levels which were found constant up to the 8th hr of perifusion, whatever the circadian stage. Perifusion of the glands with physiological concentrations for the rat of calcium (5.2 mmol/1) and magnesium (1.34 mmol/1) resulted in a stimulatory effect on the pineal glands removed from rats sacrificed in the middle of the dark period (19 HALO), whereas no effects were observed on the pineal glands removed from rats sacrificed during the light (7 HALO). Lithium (0.28 and 0.55 mmol/1) was ineffective on melatonin release in pineal glands removed 7 and 19 HALO. Our results show differences in the initial efflux rates of melatonin and in the response of perifused pineal glands to calcium and magnesium according to the circadian stage.     

Presence of immunoreactive growth hormone and prolactin in the ovine pineal gland

Abstract: The use of antisera raised against bovine growth hormone (GH) and ovine prolactin (PRL) enabled the detection of related immunoreactive (ir) sequences of proteins in ovine pineal tissue. The isolation of PRL-like ir-material was accomplished using a 0.25 M ammonium sulphate (pH 5.5) extraction followed by ethanol precipitation, whereas the resulting 2.0 M ammonium sulphate (pH 7.0) precipitate contained a GH-like immunoreactivity. Gel chromatography of the GH-like immunoreactivity (Sephadex G-100) indicated the presence of several GH-like fragments ranging in the M_r range of 7,000 to 55,000. Analyses of the PRL-like ir-material found in pineal tissue on HPLC using a TSK 545-DEAE column led to the resolution into a single peak of immunoreactivity. A single peak of activity was also observed following chromatofocusing and hydrophobic interaction chromatography of the ir-peak from the TSK 545-DEAE column. The PRL-like ir-material inhibited the binding of [¹²⁵I]ovine PRL-S14 to anti-ovine PRL antibodies without showing an affinity for binding to anti-rat PRL or anti-bovine GH antibodies. Scatchard analysis of the binding of pineal PRL-like ir-material and pituitary ovine PRL-S14 to liver membranes from day-20 pregnant rats revealed similar affinity constants (K_a of 4.7 ± 0.2 × 10⁹ M^-1). In addition, the replication of Nb 2 Node rat lymphoma cells was stimulated by pineal PRL-like ir-material, an effect known to be specific for lactogenic hormones. The pineal PRL-like immunoreactivity appeared on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gels as a single major band of M_r 24,000. The functional status of PRL-and GH-like ir-material in the ovine pineal remains to be determined, but evidence is presented that the overall protein synthesis rate of the rat pineal responded to circulating concentrations of PRL.     

Microbiology of human immunodeficiency virus anorectal disease

PURPOSE: Individuals who are seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus are at high risk for opportunistic infection and anorectal disorders. Little prospective information is available regarding anorectal pathogens in these patients. METHODS: One hundred sixty-three HIV-seropositive patients presented to the colorectal clinic between 1989 and 1992. Forty-seven (29 percent) patients were thought to have an infectious process and were prospectively studied using a standardized multiculture protocol. RESULTS: Mean age was 33 (range, 19–59) years. All were male; high-risk behavior accounted for 87 percent of HIV transmissions. Presenting complaints included anorectal pain (79 percent), pus per anum (28 percent), and blood per anum (26 percent). Examination revealed perianal tenderness (60 percent), condyloma (38 percent), perianal ulcers (38 percent), and anal fissures (34 percent). Sixty-six sets of cultures were performed; 28 patients had one set, 15 had two sets, and 4 had three sets. Thirty-two of these 47 patients (68 percent) had positive cultures including herpes (50 percent), cytomegalovirus (25 percent),Neisseria gonorrhoeae (16 percent), chlamydia (16 percent), acidfast bacilli (2 percent), and others (9 percent). Six of 32 patients with positive cultures had more than one organism cultured. Sixteen (50 percent) patients with positive cultures were treated medically, 8 (25 percent) were treated surgically and 8 (25 percent) were treated with both modalities. Sixty-one procedures were performed on 17 patients for condylomata. Eighteen patients had 20 procedures for abscesses, 50 percent of whom had positive cultures for other than common bowel flora; all improved. Fourteen patients underwent 33 procedures for perianal fistulas.Mycobacterium fortuitum was cultured from one patient who required 13 procedures for abscesses and fistulas. Forty-five (96 percent) patients were followed for an average of 12.5 months ±2.9 SEM (range, 1–94 months). Symptoms were improved or resolved in 22 of 32 (69 percent) patients with positive cultures and in 11 of 13 (84 percent) with negative cultures. CONCLUSIONS: Specific pathogens may often be identified in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive patients with anorectal disorders if aggressively sought. Although patients without specific pathogens identified may be expected to improve with planned empiric treatment, positive identification allows more directed therapy.