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系统性红斑狼疮89例首发症状及误诊分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的 研究系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)的首发症状及早期误诊原因,以期提高早期确诊率。方法 对89例SLE患者首发症状及早期临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 89例患者中有38例(42.7%)患者曾被误诊,其中有16例(18%)被误诊两种以上的疾病。误诊的疾病有类风湿性关节炎,风湿性关节炎,干燥综合症,肌炎,皮肌炎,混合性结缔组织病,Still病,血管炎;多形性红斑,日光性皮炎,脂溢性皮炎,过敏性紫癜,药物过敏;肾病综合症,肾炎,肾孟肾炎,膀胱炎;肠梗阻,胰腺炎;上呼吸道感染,淋巴结炎,甲状腺功能减退,白细胞减少症,癫痫,结核等。结论 SLE患者临床表现错综复杂。首发症状无固定模式,医师对该病认识不足和思维局限等是构成SLE早期误诊的主要原因。提高对该病的认识,积极进行相关的检查,可减少早期误诊率。 相似文献
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原发性甲状腺功能减退症11例误诊分析荣秀花(附属医院,滨州市256603)关键词甲状腺功能减退;原发性甲状腺功能减退;甲状腺;误诊甲状腺功能减退症(简称甲减)可累及全身各系统,其临床表现与许多疾病有相似之处,故其误诊率较高。为提高对此病的认识,降低误... 相似文献
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目的 探讨小儿气管、支气管异物的误诊原因。方法 对38例小儿气管、支气管异物误诊病例进行分析,讨论其误诊原因及防范措施。结果 38例中,男25例,女13例,男:女=1.9:1。3岁以内者34例(89.5%)。误诊病种主要为肺炎16例(42.1%)及气管、支气管炎13例(34.2%),其次为肺气肿5例(13.2%),胸膜炎2例(5.3%),肺脓肿1例(2.6%),食管异物1例(2.6%)。误诊时间3d~1年,平均17d。异物种类且多为植物性异物33例(86.8%),误诊率为25.9%。结论 该病误诊的主要原因有:医生临床经验不足,未能明确异物吸入史或被忽视;医师只重视并发症,忽视原发病而误入别科诊治;X线检查未密切结合临床综合分析。因此,应提高对本病的认识,及早正确诊断和治疗。 相似文献
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目的了解骨性关节炎误诊原因、误诊情况,提高骨性关节炎的诊断水平。方法对2005~2007年3年问在我院专科门诊就诊时误诊为其他关节疾病的72例骨性关节炎进行分析。结果72例中,男性28例,女性44例;平均年龄(60.5±7.02)岁;平均误诊时间6~72个月。其中误诊为类风湿性关节炎26例(占36.1%),风湿性关节炎15例(占20.8%),痛风性关节炎15例(占20.8%),腰肌劳损8例(占11.1%),强直性脊柱炎5例(占6.5%),髌骨软化症3例(占4.2%)。结论骨性关节炎为最常见的风湿病,长期误诊所造成的不良后果远大于OA本身所致的病变。加强宣教,提高基层医师的诊断水平及早日制定统一的诊断标准,将有助于减少OA的误诊、误治。 相似文献
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颅骨板障型脑膜瘤20例临床及影像学分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
目的 探讨颅骨板障型脑膜瘤的诊断及鉴别诊断。方法 对病理证实的20例板障型脑膜瘤,从影像学表现、临床诊断和治疗等方面进行分析。结果 20例均行手术治疗,其中19例发生于颅盖骨,1例发生于前颅窝底;颅盖骨中额骨10例(50%),顶骨4例(20%),颧骨3例(15%),枕骨2例(10%)。术前确诊6例;误诊9例(误诊为骨瘤6例;骨纤雏异常增殖症2例;嗜酸性肉芽肿1例);5例以颅骨肿瘤性质待定为术前诊断。结论 板障型脑膜瘤发病率低,在临床诊断中容易误诊。分析该病的发病年龄、性剐、发病部位、影像学和临床表现,加强对该病的认识,可以提高术前诊断的准确性。 相似文献
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急性心力衰竭误诊为病毒性肝炎5例报告李云华,杨鲁华(传染病学教研室,256603)关键词急性心力衰竭;误诊;病毒性肝炎急性心力衰竭导致肝脏肿大、血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)活力明显升高,伴有明显黄疸时,对既往有病毒性肝炎病史者极易误诊为慢性肝炎急性发作,... 相似文献
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小儿咳嗽变异性哮喘103例误诊分析 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
目的:探讨小儿咳嗽变异性哮喘(CVA)的误诊原因,提高其诊断水平。方法:总结103例误诊的CVA患儿的临床资料,分析其误诊的原因。结果;CVA以慢性咳嗽为主要表现,缺少肺部体征,临床上易误诊,本组误诊率32.8%,其中误诊为支气管炎33例(32.0%),反复呼吸道感染27例(26.2%),慢性咽炎7例(16.5%),支原体肺炎14例(13.6%),肺门淋巴结核7例(6.8%),百日咳5例(4.9%)。结论:对CVA认识不足、对病史了解不够详细、不结合全面的临床资料去分析是造成误诊的主要原因,减少误诊的关键在于认识CVA的特点,提高医师对该病诊断的警惕性。 相似文献
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Intracranial meningiomas account for 18.2% of all intracranial tumors. During Jan. 1982-Dec. 1986, 65 cases of intracranial meningiomas were diagnosed after operations and pathologic examinations at Taichung Veterans General Hospital. There were 36 females and 29 males, aged from 18 to 80 with a mean of 52 years. Average period of follow-up was 23.7 months. All patients received craniotomy or craniectomy with or without microscopic technique to remove the tumors & 3 cases received postoperative radiotherapy. The most common sites of meningiomas were the posterior fossa, convexity, parasagittal area and falx. The complete removal rate was 84.8%, the mortality rate 9.1% and the morbidity rate 33%. The major complications were intracerebral hemorrhage, infection of central nerve system, and hydrocephalus. There were 3 cases (4.6%) of multiple meningiomas. The most common symptoms and signs in order were headache, hemiparesis, seizure, nausea and vomiting, conscious disturbance & trigeminal neuralgia. The average duration of symptoms was 18.5 months. There were 9 cases of trigeminal neuralgia and 2 cases of hemifacial spasm. There were 3 cases (5.6%) of recurrence and 4 cases (6.1%) of malignancy. The most frequently found subtypes of meningiomas were the meningotheliomatous type and the transitional type. Mean size of the tumors was 5 cm. Tumor location and its biological behavior were closely related to the removal rate, prognosis and recurrence, while tumor size was of less importance. Ability of daily life was improved and seizure was better controlled by antiepileptic drugs in postoperative days. 相似文献
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目的探讨老年性中枢神经系统肿瘤的临床特点。方法对天坛医院2002年6月至2005年5月收治的556例老年性中枢神经系统肿瘤进行回顾性分析。结果老年性中枢神经系统肿瘤病例数占同期中枢神经系统肿瘤病例数的9.03%。肿瘤部位:颅内490例,其中幕上388例,幕下90例,幕上下12例;椎管内66例。病理:最常见的肿瘤为脑膜瘤(254例)、垂体瘤(90例)、神经上皮肿瘤(89例)。预后:手术预后良好491例(占88.31%),不良42例(占7.55%),死亡与濒临死亡23例(占4.14%)。结论老年性中枢神经肿瘤发病率呈逐渐升高趋势,幕上肿瘤多于幕下肿瘤,脑膜瘤多见,手术治疗效果满意,年龄不是手术的禁忌。 相似文献
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目的分析扩散张量成像(DTI)在颅内肿瘤定性诊断中的价值。方法搜集经手术病理证实的颅内良恶性肿瘤患者31例,其中良性肿瘤17例,恶性肿癯14例。31例患者均行常规MRI和DTI检查。结果在颅内肿瘤常见的MRI征象中,肿瘤内出血、不均匀强化及中重度瘤周水肿提示恶性肿瘤,而包膜、颅骨改变则提示良性肿瘤可能。良性肿瘤实质区DCavg值较恶性肿瘤高(P〈0.05),瘤周水肿区FA值较恶性肿瘤高(P〈0.01),良性肿瘤实质区FA值及瘤周水肿区DCavg值与恶性肿瘤相比差异均无统计学意义(均P〉005)。良性肿瘤瘤周水肿区白质纤维束以受压移位为主,而恶性肿瘤则有较多的瘤周水肿区白质纤维束破坏,两组之间瘤周水肿区白质纤维束改变的差异有统计学意义(P〈0,01)。结论DTI肿瘤实质区DCavg值、瘤周水肿区FA值及白质纤维束改变,对颅内良恶性肿瘤的鉴别具有重要的价值。 相似文献
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450例儿童颅内肿瘤临床分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的探讨儿童颅内肿瘤的临床表现,好发部位及病理学特点。方法收治1996-2006年儿童颅内肿瘤450例,进行回顾性分析。结果本组占同期例数的6.14%。部位:幕上232例,幕下218例。组织学分类:前三类是:星形细胞瘤120例(31.3%),髓母细胞瘤136(30.2%),血管网状细胞瘤51例(13.3)。性别:男孩多见。发病涉及各年龄组,病例数随年龄的增长而增加。结论儿童颅内肿瘤以男性多见,但随年龄增长,女性患者逐渐增多;患者年龄与肿瘤分类无关;临床表现与年龄、肿瘤部位有关;位于幕上者多于幕下;幼儿单纯呕吐,异常哭闹应予重视;术后放疗能有效降低肿瘤复发率。 相似文献
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Twenty-seven cases of metastatic tumor of posterior fossa were presented in this paper. Of the patients, 20 were males and 7 females; their age ranged from 20 to 68, and 89% of them were over 40 years of age. The primary foci found were bronchopulmonary carcinomas (7 cases), rhinopharyngeal carcinomas (3 cases), and cancer of the liver (1 case), but in 16 cases the primary foci were not found. All of these patients presented symptoms and signs of obviously increased intracranial pressure, and most of them had the signs of cerebellar and cranial nerves' lesions. Ventriculorgraphy and brain CT scanning were important procedures in the diagnosis, and MRI was most valuable in establishing the diagnosis and localization of posterior fossa metastatic tumors. Twenty-six patients underwent operation. The short-term follow-up study showed an improvement in 25 cases. There was one death. The surgical treatment of posterior fossa metastatic tumor was emphasized. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy were discussed. 相似文献
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目的:评价单独放射治疗颅内生殖细胞瘤的长期治疗结果。方法:对颅内生殖细胞瘤11例采用放射治疗,经病理证实5例(3例生殖细胞瘤,2例非生殖细胞瘤),6例临床和影像诊断以及诊断性放疗证实对放疗敏感。诊断时平均年龄16.8岁(10~32岁),全脑或全中枢照射+局部补量照射,肿瘤平均剂量52.2Gy(范围50~60Gy)。所有病人均未接受化疗。结果:随访10~138个月,平均74.8月,11例病人均存活,仅1例首程用γ刀治疗者43个月后局部复发,但被全脑照射+局部补量照射挽救。结论:局灶性颅内生殖细胞瘤单独全脑照射+局部补量放射治疗可获得很好的局部控制率和生存率。 相似文献
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本文报告145例颅内占位病变所致颅内高压引起的视乳头水肿,年龄6月~72岁,病程3天~12年。其中,颅内血肿49例(脑出血18例,亚急性及慢性外伤性颅内血肿31例),颅内肿瘤96例(幕上肿瘤41例,幕下肿瘤47例,松果体区肿瘤8例)。视乳头改变:视乳头水肿108例,视神经萎缩34例,Foster-kennedy综合征3例。145例中,137例有随诊资料,手术后5~14天视乳头水肿有改善者25例,14天后明显改善者78例。手术后视乳头水肿完全消退的时间:1月内34例,1~2个月65例,4例70~75天完全消退。本文对视乳头水肿的发病率、发病机理、临床特点及其发展与消退等问题分别加以讨论。 相似文献