泰山沙棘果中总黄酮与槲皮素含量测定及其抗氧化性探讨

目的:对泰山沙棘果进行黄酮类化合物成分分析,并研究其抗氧化作用。方法:高效液相色谱法测定槲皮素含量,紫外分光光度法测定沙棘总黄酮含量。根据Fention反应建立模型体系测定沙棘黄酮对羟自由基的清除率,通过连苯三酚体系测定对超氧离子的抑制率。结果:槲皮素含量为0.019 24mg.g-1,沙棘总黄酮的含量为0.040 51mg.g-1,沙棘黄酮能有效清除羟自由基和超氧阴离子,且随着黄酮浓度的升高,对羟自由基的清除率和对超氧离子的抑制率也增大。结论:泰山沙棘果中黄酮含量较高丰富,槲皮素含量较高,泰山沙棘具有较强的抗氧化活性。     

广西壮药薏苡叶甲醇提取物抗氧化活性研究

目的探究薏苡叶甲醇提取物的抗氧化活性。方法通过采用清除O2-·、清除DPPH·和Fe3+还原力的不同体外抗氧化模型,评价薏苡叶甲醇提取物的抗氧化活性。结果不同的体外抗氧化模型显示薏苡叶甲醇提取物具有较强的抗氧化活性。其中当自由基清除率为50%时,薏苡叶甲醇提取物的浓度(IC50)均接近0.6 mg/m L,且清除率与浓度均有一定的正相关性;普鲁士蓝法测定也提示其对Fe3+具有较强的还原能力。结论薏苡叶甲醇提取物具有较强的抗氧化性,且在一定的浓度范围内,其抗氧化能力与浓度呈现良好的量效关系,可为薏苡药品的临床应用和开发新型功能食品提供实验依据。     

翁布中黄酮类化合物的体外抗氧化活性研究

目的 研究藏药翁布中11种黄酮类化合物的体外抗氧化作用.方法 采用DPPH自由基清除活性、FRAP总抗氧化能力、ABTS总抗氧化能力和酪氨酸酶活性抑制等4种实验方法对11种黄酮化合物的自由基清除能力及抗氧化活性进行体外评价.结果 3,5,4'-三羟基-7-甲氧基黄酮、3,5,7-三羟基-4'-甲氧基黄酮、柽柳素、山奈酚、槲皮苷对DPPH自由基的清除较强(半数抑制浓度IC50低于维生素C);3,5,4 '-三羟基-7,3'-二甲氧基黄酮、山奈酚、5,7,4'-三羟基-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸、5,7,3',4'-四羟基-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸的ABTS总抗氧化值相对于Trolox标准溶液＞0.01 mmol· L-1;FRAP法测得11种黄酮类化合物具有总抗氧化能力,但均低于阳性对照Trolox;11种黄酮类化合物对酪氨酸酶活性具有抑制活性,但IC50均高于阳性对照曲酸.结论 11种黄酮类化合物中,3,5,4'-三羟基-7-甲氧基黄酮、3,5,7-三羟基-4'-甲氧基黄酮、柽柳素、山奈酚、槲皮苷具有较强的抗氧化活性.     

基于DPPH自由基清除能力的姜黄提取物抗氧化活性评价

目的建立高通量检测DPPH自由基清除能力的实验方法,对姜黄提取物抗氧化活性进行初步评价。方法通过测定抗坏血酸(维生素C)的DPPH自由基清除率曲线,以IC50值作为评价试样清除DPPH自由基能力的指标,并将此应用于测定姜黄醇提物和水提物清除DPPH自由基的能力。结果测定波长515nm,抗坏血酸DPPH自由基清除能力在62.5～750.0μg/mL线性良好,方法可靠。姜黄醇提物的DPPH自由基清除能力(IC507.78mg/mL)明显强于水提物(IC5014.84mg/mL)。结论建立的DPPH自由基清除测定方法可靠、简便、灵敏,其高通量的快速检测方法可为抗氧化药物筛选提供参考。     

五倍子中多酚类物质对DPPH自由基清除作用ESR研究

为研究五倍子提取物对活性氧自由基的清除作用,采用电子自旋共振(ESR)和自旋捕集技术直接测定不同浓度的五倍子两种方法提取物对1,1-二苯基苦基苯肼自由基的清除作用。五倍子两种提取物具有良好的清除1,1-二苯基苦基苯肼自由基的作用,在实验条件下,五倍子水提取物清除DPPH自由基的IC50为0.414 7 mg/L,五倍子醇提取物清除DPPH自由基的IC50为0.858 6 mg/L。实验结果显示,五倍子中多酚类物质具有较强的抗氧化活性。     

芙蓉菊多糖体外抗氧化活性研究

目的研究芙蓉菊多糖的体外抗氧化活性。方法采用1,1-二苯基苦基苯肼(DPPH)自由基、还原力、超氧阴离子、羟自由基4种体外抗氧化模型研究芙蓉菊多糖的抗氧化活性,用维生素C作对照。结果芙蓉菊粗多糖对DPPH自由基、还原力、超氧阴离子、羟自由基均有明显的清除能力,其中DPPH、超氧阴离子、羟自由基的EC50值分别为0.273、0.669、0.594mg/mL,对羟自由基清除能力强于维生素C。芙蓉菊多糖对自由基清除率与其质量浓度存在着明显的量效关系。结论芙蓉菊多糖具有良好的体外抗氧化活性,作为天然抗氧化剂和自由基清除剂有进一步研究的价值。     

关黄柏中总黄酮的提取工艺及抗氧化活性研究

目的:获得超声波提取关黄柏中总黄酮的提取工艺,并考察其体外抗氧化活性.方法:采用超声波萃取法提取关黄柏中的黄酮类化合物,利用正交试验法确立最佳提取条件.考察关黄柏中总黄酮提取液对OH·、O2-·和DPPH自由基的清除能力,结果用IC50值表示.结果:关黄柏中总黄酮的最佳提取工艺参数是温度为70℃,料液比20:1,提取时间为40min,乙醇体积分数为70％,此条件下提取率为2.31％.关黄柏中总黄酮提取物对OH·、O2-·和DPPH清除率的IC50值分别为2.9525mg/L、1.6827mg/L、1.395 1mg/L.结论:超声波法辅助提取法可用于提取黄柏中总黄酮类物质,其提取工艺高效、安全、简便、稳定,且关黄柏中的黄酮类物质有很强的抗氧化活性.     

气相色谱-质谱联用分析莳萝子中挥发油和油脂的化学成分及其抗氧化活性研究

目的 提取莳萝子的挥发油和油脂,并对其组成进行分析,筛选出活性成分,为莳萝子挥发油、油脂的临床应用研究提供依据。方法 2021年6月至2022年2月采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取挥发油,经石油醚索氏提取油脂,用气相色谱-质谱联用（GCMS）联用仪分析鉴定其组分,并通过检测清除自由基能力评价抗氧化活性。结果 莳萝子挥发油提取率为（5.850±0.141）%,共鉴定出19种化合物,主要含有黄酮类化合物（61.418%）及萜类化合物（29.471%）;莳萝子油脂提取率为（13.168±0.117）%,共鉴定出16种化合物,主要包括亚油酸甲酯（5.58%）、顺式亚油酸（5.58%）、十八碳六烯酸甲酯（56.73%）等。1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼（DPPH）自由基清除率结果是挥发油的IC50值（半抑制浓度）为42.963 mg/L,油脂的IC50值为28.430 mg/L;2’-联氨-双（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸）二胺盐（ABTS）自由基清除率结果是莳挥发油的IC50值为21.129 mg/L,油脂的IC50值为9.722 mg/L。结论 莳萝子挥发油、油脂均具有较强的抗氧化能力。     

白花檵木花黄酮提取及其抗氧化活性的研究

目的对白花檵木花黄酮提取物抗氧化作用进行研究。方法采用超声法提取白花檵木花黄酮,通过DPPH反应体系,研究白花檵木花黄酮的抗氧化能力。结果当白花檵木花黄酮质量浓度为2.784×10-2mg/mL时,对DPPH自由基的清除率为50%,且随浓度的增加其清除作用增强。结论白花檵木花黄酮在体外具有良好的抗氧化活性。     

超临界萃取后紫草籽中黄酮类化合物的提取及其抗氧化性研究

目的确定从超临界萃取后紫草籽中提取黄酮类化合物的条件,并研究其抗氧化活性。方法用正交试验法确定超临界萃取后紫草籽中黄酮类化合物提取的最佳方案,测定提取的粗黄酮的抗氧化活性及与柠檬酸、Vc的抗氧化协同作用。结果超临界萃取后的紫草籽中黄酮类化合物的最佳提取条件为:乙醇浓度60%、固液比1∶5、温度50℃、提取时间为2 h。超临界萃取后的紫草籽粗黄酮对二苯代苦味酰基自由基(DPPH.)的EC50为65.47mg/L。粗黄酮也具有一定的抑制脂质过氧化作用。随着猪油中添加量的增加,其抗氧化作用逐渐增强。抗氧化剂增效剂柠檬酸和Vc对超临界萃取后的紫草籽粗黄酮均有一定的协同效应,Vc的增效优于柠檬酸。结论从超临界萃取后紫草籽中提取的黄酮类化合物具有抗氧化作用。     

大孔树脂分离纯化青皮中总黄酮的工艺研究

目的:研究大孔树脂分离纯化青皮中总黄酮的工艺参数.方法:以总黄酮的含量为评价指标,通过动态吸附与解吸附实验研究,筛选大孔树脂分离纯化青皮中总黄酮的最佳工艺.结果:吸附工艺:上样液浓度为0.25 g·ml-1,上样量为1.1 g·g-1树脂,树脂径高比为1:8;洗脱工艺为5倍柱体积水洗除杂,10 倍柱体积 50%乙醇洗脱.所得中间体总黄酮含量90%以上.结论:大孔树脂具有较好的分离纯化青皮中总黄酮的应用价值.     

高效液相法测定陈皮药渣中橙皮苷含量

摘 要 目的:通过对陈皮药材及药渣中橙皮苷含量进行比较分析,为陈皮药渣的二次开发提供依据。方法: 色谱柱:Eclipse XDB- C₁₈(280 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm)流动相：甲醇∶水∶冰醋酸（30∶66∶4）;流速：1.0 ml·min^-1;检测波长：283 nm。结果:橙皮苷与其它色谱峰分离良好。橙皮苷的线性范围在0.42～4.20 μg,r=0.999 7。陈皮药材的平均加样回收率为98.5%,RSD=2.12%(n=6);陈皮药渣的平均加样回收率为98.1%,RSD=2.35%(n=6)。结论:陈皮药渣中橙皮苷的提取量为陈皮药材中橙皮苷的提取量52%,表明陈皮药渣具有二次开发利用的价值。     

Determination of hesperidin in Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae by semi-micro HPLC with electrochemical detection

Determination of hesperidin contents in Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae was performed by a simple extraction with methanol and semi-micro high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (muHPLC-ECD). Chromatography was performed using a microbore octadecylsilica (ODS) column, methanol-water-phosphoric acid (40:60:0.5, v/v/v), as a mobile phase and applied potential at +0.9 V versus Ag/AgCl. Peak heights were found linearly related to the concentrations of hesperidin injected 9.16 ng/ml to 3.06 microg/ml (r>0.999). The detection limit (S/N=3) was 3.06 ng/ml (15.3 pg). Hesperidin of 305 ng/ml was detected with a relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) of 0.79% (n=5). Hesperidin in Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae was extracted with methanol, diluted with the mobile phase, and injected into the muHPLC-ECD for determination. The hesperidin content of Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae from four different districts in China were determined with R.S.D. of 3.59%, 2.29%, 2.36%, and 2.32% (n=5), respectively. Recoveries of hesperidin from the four Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae sources were 100.3%, 99.83%, 100.7%, and 100.6%, respectively. This method is useful for the determination of hesperidin in Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae, and especially so for instances when samples are sparse.     

童康片检测方法的修订研究

目的:对童康片的质量标准进行提高,完善其质量评价方法。方法:采用显微鉴别法对童康片中山药和陈皮进行鉴别,采用薄层色谱法对童康片中黄芪、白术、防风和陈皮进行定性鉴别,采用HPLC-ELSD法,Thermo Hypersil Gold C 18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),以乙腈-水(35∶65)为流动相,流速1.0 mL·min^-1,对童康片中黄芪甲苷进行了含量测定。结果:山药和陈皮粉末显微特征明显;黄芪、白术、防风和陈皮薄层鉴别斑点清晰,专属性强,阴性无干扰。黄芪甲苷在0.026618~1.703526μg范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9993,n=7);平均加样回收率为:96.5%,RSD为1.9%。测定样品11批,黄芪甲苷的含量在58~106μg·片^-1之间。结论:经方法学验证,提高后的质量标准可更全面有效地用于童康片的质量控制。     

Comparative radical scavenging and antidiabetic activities of methanolic extract and fractions from Achillea ligustica ALL

The yield of methanolic extract and total phenol and non polar content of flowered parts from Achillea ligustica ALL. are reported. GC-MS analysis of the non polar fraction showed that the triterpene moretenol was the major constituent (17.228%) followed by stigmast-6-en-3beta-ol, veridiflorol and beta-amyrin (7.524%, 5.078% 4.470%, respectively). The antioxidant activities of the methanolic extract and its fractions from A. ligustica were carried out using two different in vitro assays, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) test and lipid peroxidation of liposomes assay. Methanolic extract showed higher radical scavenging activity on DPPH (IC50 of 50 microg/ml). This activity is probably due to the phenolic fraction which shown an IC50 value of 22 microg/ml. A different result was obtained from the methanolic extract on the lipid peroxidation of liposomes (IC50 of 416 microg/ml). The alpha-amylase inhibition assay was applied to evaluate antidiabetic activity. The methanolic extract showed weak activity (28.18% at 1 mg/ml) while the n-hexane fraction showed 74.96% inhibition at 250 microg/ml.     

医院制剂生产过程中陈皮粉碎工艺优选

目的:优选医院中药制剂生产过程中陈皮的粉碎工艺。方法:以粉碎细度、干燥温度、干燥时间为可变因素,以挥发油含量、橙皮苷含量为考察指标,选用L9(34)表进行试验。结果:陈皮粉碎的适宜工艺为在50℃条件下干燥2h,粉碎成100目的细粉。结论:以该工艺制备的陈皮细粉适用于大多数需保留陈皮为中药原粉的制剂。     

Phytochemical Screening,Proximate Analysis and Antioxidant Activity of Dracaena reflexa Lam. Leaves

In the present study, the antioxidant activity of successive leaf extracts of Dracaena reflexa was investigated using the scavenging activity on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and reducing power by ferric reducing antioxidant power assay. Methanol extract was found potent in both the assays. IC50 values of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl assay for methanol extract was 0.97 mg/ml and ferric reducing antioxidant power value for the same is 1.19. Phytochemical screening, proximate analysis and total phenolic content were also determined. Qualitative screening for phytochemical showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, glycosides and saponins. Highest phenolic content was shown by methanol extract (49.69 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry weight). Proximate analysis showed moisture content (3.31%), ash content (8.02%), crude fibre (1.31%), crude fat (0.97%), total protein (3.70%), total carbohydrate (86.01) and nutritive value (367.56 kcal/100 g), which would make it a potential nutraceutical. This study suggested that Dracaena reflexa, a potential natural free radical scavenger, which could find use as an antioxidative.     

新会陈皮传统制作技艺及品质辨识

目的:针对目前新会陈皮尚无统一的炮制工艺标准及鉴别标准的现状,探讨其传统制作技艺及品质辨识经验,为制定新会陈皮传统制作工艺与鉴定标准提供参考,将有利于该非物质文化遗产的传承与保护.方法:通过在新会陈皮地理标志保护区观摩学习,收集了当地陈皮经商家族及民间以口手相传方式世代传承的传统经验,结合当地相关文献,整理出独具地方特...     

Flavonoids in Scutellaria immaculata and S. ramosissima (Lamiaceae) and their biological activity

Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the flavonoid composition of Scutellaria immaculata and S. ramosissima (Lamiaceae) and the in‐vitro biological activity of their extracts and flavonoids. Methods The flavonoid composition of S. immaculata (Si) and S. ramosissima (Sr) were analysed using LC‐MS. Antimicrobial activity was studied in vitro against a range of bacteria and fungi using diffusion and microdilution methods. Anti‐trypanosomal and cell proliferation inhibitory activity of the extracts and flavonoids was assessed using MTT. The antioxidant activity of the flavonoids and extracts were evaluated using DPPH* test. Key findings LC‐MS investigation of Si and Sr plants allowed the identification, for the first time, of an additional 9 and 16 flavonoids, respectively. The methanol, chloroform and water extracts from these plants and six flavonoids (scutellarin, chrysin, apigenin, apigenin‐7‐O‐glucoside, cynaroside and pinocembrine) exhibited significant inhibition of cell growth against HeLa, HepG‐2 and MCF‐7 cells. The chloroform extract of Sr showed potent cytotoxic effects with IC50 (drug concentration which resulted in a 50% reduction in cell viability) values of 9.25 ± 1.07 µg/ml, 12.83 ± 1.49 µg/ml and 17.29 ± 1.27 µg/ml, respectively. The highest anti‐trypanosomal effect against T. b. brucei was shown by the chloroform extract of Sr with an IC50 (drug concentration which resulted in a 50% inhibition of the biological activity) of 61 µg/ml. The pure flavonoids showed an IC50 range between 3 and 29 µm , with cynaroside as the most active compound with an IC50 value of 3.961 ± 0.133 µm . The chloroform extract of Sr has potent antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes (minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC = 0.03 mg/ml). Pinocembrine exhibited a strong activity against the all bacteria except Escherichia coli and yeasts. Water extracts of Sr and Si exhibited potent antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 5.62 ± 0.51 µg/ml and 3.48 ± 0.02 µg/ml, respectively. Scutellarin exerted stronger antioxidant activity than other flavonoids. Conclusions This is the first study reporting an in‐vitro biological investigation for Si and Sr. Especially the chloroform extract of Sr showed potent anticancer and antimicrobial activity. Cynaroside had a highly selective and strong cytotoxicity against T. b. brucei while showing only mild effects against cancer cells.     

Cytotoxic and antioxidant activity of Achillea alexandri-regis

The cytotoxicity and antioxidant properties of herb extracts of Achillea alexandri-regis were studied. Combined chloroform and ethylacetate extracts exhibited a pronounced cytotoxic effect against HeLa cancer cells (IC50 = 25.92 +/- 4.96 microg/ml), and lower cytotoxicity against K562 leukemia cells (IC50 = 48.59 +/- 18.31 microg/ml). The methanol extract was found to be a moderately cytotoxic in vitro agent against HeLa and K562 cells. No suppressive activity was detected on non-malignant peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). The antioxidant activity of the methanol extract was assessed by DPPH radical scavenging. The methanol extract of A. alexandri-regis showed concentration dependent DPPH radical scavenging activity with IC50 = 36.14 +/- 0.05 microg/ml.