北京市2014年高中生饮酒行为及其影响因素分析

了解北京市高中生饮酒相关行为现状及其影响因素,为预防青少年过早饮酒和过量饮酒提供依据.方法 2014年3-5月,采用分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取北京市18个区县的15 726名高中生进行健康危险行为自填问卷调查.结果 北京市高中生曾饮酒率为67.9%,13岁前饮酒率为35.2%,现在饮酒率为41.0%,过量饮酒率为16.6%.“与家人朋友喝”是北京市高中生饮酒的最主要原因.职业技术学校、男生、高二、母亲高中文化水平、重组家庭、人均月收入高和学习成绩差的高中生各项饮酒率均较高.有健康危险行为的高中生更容易出现饮酒相关行为,如有吸烟行为的学生更容易发生现在饮酒行为(OR=4.41,95%CI=3.90~4.98),有打架行为的学生更容易出现过量饮酒行为(OR=2.00,95%CI=1.77~2.26),有性行为的学生更容易出现13岁前饮酒行为(OR=1.58,95%CI=1.36~1.84),有尝试自杀行为的学生更容易出现过量饮酒行为(OR=1.67,95%CI=1.27~2.19).结论 在预防青少年饮酒相关行为时,应考虑年龄、家庭、性别等因素,并重视其他健康危险行为因素的影响,家庭和学校需尽早积极开展预防青少年饮酒行为的综合性健康教育.     

广州地区高中生饮酒模式及过量饮酒的社会经济地位影响因素

目的 分析广州市高中生饮酒模式,探讨不同社会经济地位指标与青少年过量饮酒行为的关系,为制定控制策略措施提供依据。方法 采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法,抽取广州市4个区高一和高二学生共3 282人,采用自填问卷进行调查。结果 75.61%的学生有饮酒经历;过去一年内,60.22%的学生曾饮酒,27.67 %曾醉酒;过去30 d内,22.75%的学生曾饮酒,7.17%曾重度饮酒。总体上,男生五种饮酒行为流行率均高于女生,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);采用广义混合线性模型,分析不同社会经济地位指标对青少年过量饮酒的影响。结果显示,与家庭富裕程度低、学业成就高的青少年相比,来自家庭富裕程度高、学业成就低的青少年较可能有重度饮酒及醉酒行为。结论 广州地区高中生饮酒普遍化,提示防治工作的紧迫性,应及早开展健康教育和干预工作来减少酒精的可及性和青少年的饮酒行为。     

中国6省份中学生健康素养与饮酒行为的关联

目的 探讨中国6省份中学生健康素养与饮酒行为的关联,为预防和减少中学生的饮酒行为提供参考依据.方法 2015年11月-2016年1月,采用多阶段整群抽样方法,选择内蒙古自治区乌兰察布市、辽宁省沈阳市、河南省新乡市、安徽省蚌埠市、重庆市和广东省阳江市,抽取初、高中学生共22628名进行问卷调查.调查内容包括人口统计学信息...     

Nationwide survey on alcohol use among junior and senior high school students in Japan

We conducted the first nationwide survey on alcohol use by Japanese junior and senior high school students using a representative sampling procedure. Sample schools were selected by stratified cluster sampling. Response rates for self-administered anonymous questionnaires sent to sample schools for all students to fill out were 65.6% for junior high schools and 67.0% for senior high schools. A total of 117,325 students responded and 115,814 questionnaires were subjected to analysis. The proportion of current alcohol use (drank alcohol on > = 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey) among seventh graders was 26.0% for boys and 22.2% for girls, and it increased with age to reach 54.9% for boys and 43.4% for girls in the twelfth grade. The experience rate of alcohol drinking on ceremonial occasions was much higher than for any other modes of drinking. However, the experience rates of drinking with peers at parties, in bars, and drinking alone increased with age. The proportion of heavy drinkers also increased with age. The cumulative experience rate of drinking with peers was dramatically increased in senior high school students. The most popular alcohol drink among boys was beer, whereas it was liquor with sweet taste among girls. Most important routes of purchase of alcohol were convenience stores, bars, liquor shops, and vending machines.     

衢州市中学生2012—2022年饮酒行为变化趋势

目的 了解衢州市中学生2012—2022年饮酒行为发生率及变化特征,为制定科学有效的学生饮酒干预措施提供依据。方法 分别于2012,2017和2022年的5月采用分层整群抽样的方法,使用浙江省青少年健康相关行为调查问卷,对抽中班级进行匿名的自填式问卷调查,分析不同年份中学生饮酒行为变化情况。结果 衢州市中学生曾饮酒率、现在饮酒率和醉酒率分别从2012年的58.05%,22.70%和21.25%下降到2022年的41.83%,15.35%和11.54%(χ_趋势²值分别为82.69,30.00,58.24,P值均<0.01)。现在饮酒的中学生过去30 d饮酒频率以1～2 d为主,占66.67%;过去30 d饮酒3～5 d的比例从2012年的16.36%上升到2022年的26.19%;过去30 d饮酒6～19 d的比例从2012年的13.03%下降到2022年的3.40%;自己付钱买酒的比例从2012年的22.12%上升至2022年的35.03%。3次调查结果显示,现在饮酒率、醉酒率,男生(27.88%,23.96%,18.75%;24.69...     

山区中学生心理健康状况的调查

目的 通过对山区农村中学生的心理健康状况进行调查，分析山区农村中学生心理健康状况的新特点，新趋势，并提出对山区农村中学生的心理健康教育的新要求。方法用王极盛教授编制的《中学生心理健康量表》对五省20所山区农村中学577名中学生进行测查，用SPSS统计软件包对数据进行处理。结果山区农村中学生心理健康量表各因子检出率占49．59％；来自县镇的学生各因子得分均高于来自乡村的中学生；男女生在抑郁及心理不平衡因子上有显差异；初三学生各因子均高于其他年级；县乡与年级间及性别与年级间在某些因子上存在显的交互作用。结论山区农村中学生有心理健康问题的人数比城市学生要多；特别是县镇学生、初三年级学生及男生存在着更严重的心理问题；这主要是因为地域、经济、社会观念等原因造成的。启示我们在城市和农村的心理健康教育中，要根据中学生心理表现的不同特点有区别地进行教育。对山区农村中学生而言，男性县镇的学生及初三学生要特别予以关注。     

烟台市中小学生健康危险行为分析

目的 了解烟台市中小学生健康危险行为现况,为制定干预政策提供科学依据。方法 2018年 10月采用分层整群抽样的方法抽取烟台市13区县39所城乡学校11125名在校学生进行问卷调查。结果 烟台市中小学生过去7天不良饮食行为、尝试吸烟行为和曾饮酒行为报告率分别为46.36%、3.14%和10.07%,均为高中生高于初中生,初中生高于小学生;男生高于女生(P<0.01)。在过去7天,学生被动吸烟率为66.41%。过去30天里,校园欺凌相关行为报告率为1.92%,小学生和初中生高于高中生,男生高于女生(P<0.01)。结论 烟台市中小学生中健康危险行为现状不容忽视,相关部门应根据不同危险行为的发生特点,开展针对性的健康干预措施。     

Taking up binge drinking in college: the influences of person, social group, and environment.

PURPOSE: To identify person, social group, and environmental factors associated with uptake of binge drinking among a national sample of college students. METHODS: Using self-reported responses of students in the 1999 Harvard School of Public Health College Alcohol Study (CAS), we regressed conceptually important predictors of binge drinking onto a dichotomized variable describing uptake in the freshman year. This was a random sample of full-time undergraduates provided by the registrar at each participant school (n = 119). For this study, we analyzed data describing a subset of the total sample comprising first year students aged < or =19 years, excluding transfers (n = 1894). The student CAS is a 20-page voluntary, anonymous mailed questionnaire containing student reports about their alcohol and substance use, school activities, and background characteristics. Analyses included univariate and multivariate logistic regression adjusting for school response rate and using the Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) in the Statistical Analysis Software package to handle the within-college clustering owing to the sampling scheme. RESULTS: College students who reported that they were exposed to "wet" environments were more likely to engage in binge drinking than were their peers without similar exposures. Wet environments included social, residential, and market surroundings in which drinking is prevalent and alcohol cheap and easily accessed. Findings held up in multivariate analyses that included variables describing person and social group characteristics. Students who picked up binge drinking in college also were more likely than their peers to report inflated definitions of binge drinking and more permissive attitudes about appropriate ages for legal consumption. CONCLUSIONS: Binge drinking can either be acquired or avoided in college among students who report they did not binge drink in high school. Reducing college binge uptake may require efforts to limit access/availability, control cheap prices, and maximize substance free environments and associations.     

浙江省湖州市农村中学生吸烟现状及影响因素分析

目的了解湖州市农村地区中学生吸烟行为及其影响因素,为制定有效的防控措施提供科学依据。方法采取分层随机整群抽样法,对705名农村中学生进行吸烟现状及影响因素的问卷调查。结果农村中学生尝试过吸烟（包括只吸1口）的占14.43％,其中男生为21.41％,女生为8.58％,差异有统计学意义（X^2=22.67,P=0.00）;初中生尝试吸烟率为12.09％,高中生尝试吸烟率为16.71％,差异有统计学意义（X^2=5.10,P〈0.05）;经非条件Logistic逐步回归分析,朋友中有人吸烟、有喝酒经历、父母中有人吸烟、认为“吸第一支烟是避免成为吸烟者的关键”的同学,其发生尝试吸烟行为的危险性分别是其他中学生的3.01、2.84、2.02和0.44倍。结论湖州市农村中学生尝试吸烟现象较为普遍,好友吸烟、喝酒行为、父母吸烟对中学生吸烟行为产生严重影响。应在学校里开展预防吸烟、喝酒等危险行为的健康教育活动,向吸烟学生开展控烟同伴教育,在家庭中给孩子创造无烟环境。     

Drinking history, current drinking and problematic sexual experiences among university students

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of potentially harmful sexual experiences attributed to drinking in university students, their association with current drinking, and the influence of past high school binge drinking and age at first drink. Method: A web‐based survey of undergraduates on six university campuses in New Zealand (n=2,548; response rate 63%) measured self‐reported alcohol consumption and harms from own or others' drinking in the preceding four weeks, previous binge drinking and age of drinking onset. Results: Among drinkers during the four weeks, 5% of women and 8% of men reported unsafe sex due to drinking, 3% of women and 4% of men had sex they were unhappy about at the time, and 8% of women and 9% of men had sex they later regretted. Unwanted sexual advances due to someone else's drinking affected 21% of women and 12% of men, with 0.5% of both men and women reporting sexual assault. Current level of drinking was positively associated with all outcomes, but most strongly with unsafe sex. Binge drinking at high school and early drinking onset were also associated with each outcome, and only partly explained by current drinking. Conclusion: Unsafe, unhappy and unwanted sexual experiences attributed to drinking are common at university and associated with heavier drinking, previous high school binge drinking and early drinking onset. Implications: Despite an incomplete understanding of contributing causes, reduction in hazardous drinking among university students is likely to reduce risky and unwanted sexual experiences along with other alcohol‐related harm. Strategies to reduce drinking at earlier ages are also warranted.     

Excessive alcohol use and its association with risky sexual behaviour: a cross‐sectional analysis of data from Victorian secondary school students

Objective : Estimate the prevalence of sexual behaviour and alcohol use and examine the association between excessive alcohol use and risky sexual behaviour in late secondary students in Victoria, Australia. Method: The sample of Year 11 students from government and independent schools participating in the 2008 International Youth Development Study (n=450) was representative of the Victorian school population. Logistic regression analyses examined the associations between sexual behaviour, binge and compulsive drinking, adjusting for socio‐demographic, school and family factors. Results: Under half (44%) the students had experienced sex in the past year, half (50%) had engaged in binge drinking in the past two weeks and 26% reported compulsive drinking in the past year. Of those who reported sex in the past year (n=197), 34% had sex without a condom at the last sexual encounter and 28% later regretted sex due to alcohol. The likelihood of experiencing sex was increased by binge (OR=2.44, 95%CI 1.44–4.12) and compulsive drinking (OR=2.15, 95%CI 1.29–3.60). For those sexually active, binge drinking increased the risk of having three or more sexual partners (OR=3.37, 95%CI 1.11–10.26) and compulsive drinking increased the likelihood of regretted sex due to alcohol (OR=4.43, 95%CI 2.10–9.31). Excessive drinking was not associated with condom non‐use. Conclusion and implications: Risky sex – multiple sexual partners and regretted sex due to alcohol – and excessive drinking are highly prevalent and co‐associated among Victorian late secondary students.     

北京市石景山区中学生成瘾行为流行状况分析

目的：了解中学生成瘾行为流行状况。方法：随机整群抽取三类中学初一至高二学生1650人，自填问卷。结果：该区中学生目前吸烟、饮酒、网络成瘾率分别为10．3％、31．0％和12．2％；各成瘾行为发生率男生高于女生，高中生高于初中生。结论：应针对中学生性别和年龄特点尽早进行健康和生活技能教育，减少成瘾行为对青少年健康的危害。     

基于分类树模型的潍坊市中学生自杀意念危险因素分析

目的 探索影响中学生自杀的影响因素,为预防中学生自杀提供干预依据。方法 采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,对潍坊市3县（市）6所初中、6所高中3185名中学生进行问卷调查,采用SPSS进行卡方检验、分类树模型等统计方法探讨影响因素。结果 3185名中学生中,自杀意念检出率为8.41%（268/3185）;单因素分析显示,同学关系差、学习成绩差、居住地为农村、经常喝酒、吸烟、睡眠质量差、心理健康状况差等的中学生自杀意念检出率高,且差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。分类树模型共筛选出5个解释变量:心理健康状况、头痛情况、居住地、学习成绩和同学关系;其中最重要的影响因素为心理健康状况;分类树模型ROC曲线下面积（AUC）为0.861（95%CI=0.839~0.884,P<0.001）,预测效果较好。结论 潍坊市中学生产生自杀意念受多因素影响,心理健康状况差、头痛、居住地为农村、学习成绩差和同学关系差是中学生自杀意念发生的危险因素。     

中国四城市初中生健康行为及保护因素现况调查

目的了解中国初中生的健康行为和保护性因素现状及其变化趋势.方法采用WHO的GSHS问卷,由美国疾病预防控制中心在北京、杭州、武汉和乌鲁木齐4座城市中抽取100所中学,在9015名初中生中进行问卷调查.结果超重学生比例3.2%;在学校吃东西前从不或很少洗手的学生占25.3%;过去12个月内20.5%的学生受到过严重伤害,打过架的男生占30.4%,认真考虑过自杀的学生占17.1%.尝试吸烟率29.7%,过去30天里饮酒的学生占13.0%,14.5%的学生被给过或被销售过毒品.运动量不足的学生占78.9%,乘车通常系安全带的学生只有14.3%.男生在吸烟、饮酒、打架、喝碳酸饮料、饭前厕后不洗手等方面的不健康行为以及意外伤害发生的比例明显高于女生（P〈0.01）.而女生在心理问题、体育运动不足方面的发生率明显高于男生（P〈0.01）.结论目前四城市初中生中在饮食、卫生、心理、吸烟饮酒、体育运动等方面普遍存在不健康行为,学校应针对这些主要问题开展积极有效的健康教育活动,帮助青少年树立健康观念、养成健康行为,提高他们的整体健康水平.     

Patterns of alcohol use and the risk of drinking and driving among US high school students.

Approximately one third of deaths among persons aged 15 to 24 years are the result of motor vehicle-related crashes. Data from a national sample of US high school students were used to assess patterns of alcohol use among adolescents in relation to the risk of drinking and driving. Prevalence and odds ratios were calculated for drinking and driving associated with patterns of alcohol use. Drinking and driving increased with increasing frequency of alcohol use and binge drinking and when alcohol was used in addition to other drugs. Efforts to reduce drinking and driving among adolescents should address underage drinking that is frequent or heavy.     

中学生健康危险行为特征及其与家庭因素的关系

了解中学生健康危险行为现状及其与家庭因素的关系,为更好地预防青少年健康危险行为提供理论依据.方法 采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法,对全国7个省的8 746名中学生进行计算机辅助匿名自填问卷调查,分析家庭因素与中学生健康危险行为的关联.结果 在调查的8种健康危险行为中,59.87%的中学生存在至少1种,35.33%的中学生存在至少2种;男生健康危险行为发生率(72.83%)高于女生(47.11%),高中生(62.87%)高于初中生(56.96%)(x2值分别为602.019,31.739,P值均<0.01).男生的健康危险行为与居住地为农村(OR=1.70,95%CI=1.42~2.04)、独生子女(0R=0.78,95%CI=0.66~0.92)、父亲大专以上学历(OR=0.68,95%CI=0.50~0.93)、与父亲关系不融洽(OR=1.85,95%CI=1.43~2.40)、与母亲关系不融洽(OR=1.50,95%CI=1.07~2.10)、父亲管教不严(OR=1.74,95%CI=1.24~2.46)有关;女生健康危险行为和与父亲关系不融洽(OR=1.56,95%CI=1.24~ 1.95)、与母亲关系不融洽(OR=1.92,95%CI=1.44~2.56)、父亲管教不严(OR=1.65,95%CI=1.24~2.19)以及家庭生活氛围不融洽(OR=2.68,95%CI=1.72~4.18)有关.结论 打架、吸烟、饮酒、不良情绪等健康危险行为在中学生中普遍存在,亲子关系、父母管教、家庭氛围等过程性变量相较家庭结构变量对中学生行为影响更为明显.在预防中学生健康危险行为过程中应充分发挥家庭的作用.     

Alcohol use and abuse by adolescents: the impact of living in a border community.

PURPOSE: To determine the rates of alcohol consumption and alcohol-related risk behaviors among a sample of high school students living on the U.S.-Mexico border, as well as to investigate factors associated with alcohol use among this population. METHODS: A self-administered anonymous questionnaire was administered to students in grades 9-12 during Fall and Spring semesters of 2001 (n = 1366; 639 males and 722 females) in 16 high schools in a community along the U.S.-Mexico border. The questionnaire addressed demographic factors, alcohol consumption, and alcohol-related behaviors. Surveys were completed by Chi-square tests for homogeneity of the odds ratio and logistic regression models were used to identify factors significantly associated with the outcome variables. RESULTS: Rates of binge drinking (45%), drinking and driving (19%), and riding with a driver who had been drinking (46%) were higher for our study population when compared with state and national rates. Students who consumed alcohol were more likely to report alcohol-related problems and lower academic grades. Drinking while in Mexico was significantly associated with binge drinking (OR = 6.44), drinking and driving (OR = 5.39), and riding with a driver who has been drinking (OR = 3.12). CONCLUSIONS: The high rates of alcohol risk behaviors among students living on the U.S.-Mexico border underscore the need to develop and implement culturally appropriate prevention programs that address alcohol consumption in Mexico, particularly in terms of students driving back home.     

Watering down the drinks: The moderating effect of college demographics on alcohol use of high-risk groups

OBJECTIVES: This study examined whether colleges with larger enrollments of students from demographic groups with lower rates of binge drinking exert a moderating effect on students from groups with higher binge drinking rates. METHODS: The study analyzed data from 114 colleges included in the 1993, 1997, 1999, and 2001 College Alcohol Study surveys. RESULTS: The binge drinking rates of White, male, and underage students were significantly lower in schools that had more minority, female, and older students. Students who do not binge drink in high school are more likely to start binge drinking at colleges with fewer minority and older students. CONCLUSIONS: Student-body composition and demographic diversity should be examined by colleges wishing to reduce their binge drinking problems.     

维吾尔族中学生吸烟状况调查

目的了解维吾尔族中学生吸烟状况，为在维吾尔族中学生中开展控烟干预活动提供依据。方法以班级为单位随机进行整群抽样，在抽取的2130名维吾尔族中学生中进行问卷调查。结果尝试吸烟率为14、18％（男生31～30％，女生2．39％），吸烟率为12．09％（男生27．24％，女生1．65％）。促使吸烟的主要原因是烦恼或无聊（42．09％），吸烟的主要影响因素是饮酒、父母亲吸烟、零用钱较多。戒烟的主要原因是吸烟有害健康（75．78％）。男生吸烟相关知识得分低于女生、初中生得分低于高中生、吸烟者得分低于非吸烟者。75．78％的学生支持在公共场所禁烟的规定。结论维吾尔族中学生的吸烟率较低，有较高维护自身健康的意识，对禁烟活动持积极的态度，应针对影响维吾尔族中学生吸烟的因素开展健康教育。     

Violence-related behaviors on school property among Mississippi Public High School students, 1993--2003

Researchers examined trends and compared subgroup differences in violence-related behaviors on school property among Mississippi public high school students from 1993 to 2003. Findings are based on data from the Mississippi Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS), a representative sample (N = 9,058) of Mississippi high school students. Males, non-Hispanic Whites, heavy smokers, and binge drinkers reported violence-related behaviors on school property more frequently than their counterparts. A statistically significant linear decrease occurred during 1993--2003 in the percent of students carrying a weapon (p < 0.0001) and having a physical fight (p < 0.0001). The percent of students threatened or injured with a weapon on school grounds did not decrease significantly (p = 0.2800). Violence-related behaviors were reported somewhat less frequently among 12th graders but overall, grade was not a statistically significant factor. Trends observed in Mississippi appear to be occurring throughout the United States and perhaps globally. Parents, school officials, and community administrators are committed to reducing violence-related behavior on school property. Although the decreases are encouraging, the percent of students who reported violence-related behaviors remains at a level that causes serious concern. Efforts must continue and perhaps increase to curb behaviors that may lead to school violence. Future studies should elucidate mechanisms associated with the self-reported decreasing behaviors so intervention programs can be properly focused.