氯仿,氯苯和多氯联苯对染毒家兔红细胞脂质过氧化和膜流…

比较了氯仿，氯苯和多氯联苯三种氯代化合物对染毒家兔红细胞脂质过氧化和膜流动性的影响。结果发现，每天给家兔腹腔注射含有上述毒物的花生油溶液，对红细胞脂过氧化具有程度不等的非酶促进作用，但对膜脂流动性的影响产不一致。氯仿有促流效应，多氯联苯的作用相反，说明毒物分子的结构特性也对膜流动性具有影响。此外发现，膜流动性可能与细胞形态的维持有关。     

高原红细胞增多症红细胞膜流动性的改变及相关机理

目的：测定高原红细胞增多症（ＨＡＰＣ）患者红细胞膜流动性,了解过氧化脂质和超氧化物歧化酶对红细胞膜流动性的影响,为临床治疗提供依据。方法：ＨＡＰＣ患者２７例,正常对照２３例。测定红细胞膜流动性,红细胞膜过氧化脂质,血浆和红细胞超氧化物歧化酶活力。结果：ＨＡＰＣ患者红细胞膜荧光偏振度与对照组比较增加（Ｐ〈０．０１）。红细胞膜过氧化脂质与对照组比较增高（Ｐ〈０．０１）。血浆及红细胞超氧化物歧化酶与对照     

葡萄糖酸锌抗石英细胞毒作用的研究

为探讨葡萄糖酸锌（ＺｎＧ）抗石英尘细胞毒作用及可能的作用机制，作者采用体外细胞实验方法，观察了ＺｎＧ对肺泡巨噬细胞膜脂质过氧化、膜通透性、膜流动性及溶血作用的影响。结果表明，ＺｎＧ与ＳｉＯ２、肺泡巨噬细胞共孵后，抑制了肺泡巨噬细胞的脂质过氧化，使其膜通透性及流动性下降；ＺｎＧ与红细胞共孵后能降低石英的溶血作用。     

中毒机理的一种学说:脂质过氧化

近十年来,发现愈来愈多的中毒可用膜脂质过氧化的理论来解释。脂质过氧化是由自由基引起的。同电离辐射能使机体产生自由基一样,某些毒物也可使机体内某些成份主要是生物大分子、分子态氧与水等形成自由基。有的毒物在体内本身即为自由基,因而有人称这些毒物为“类放射性毒物”。本文仅就脂质过氧化     

枸杞总黄酮类化合物抗脂质过氧化研究

利用Ｆｅ２＋－Ｃｙｓ－Ｈｉｓ体系诱发鼠肝线粒体和红细胞产生脂质过氧化的方法,研究了枸杞总黄酮类化合物（ＴＦＬ）的抗脂质过氧化作用。结果表明,ＴＦＬ可阻断该体系诱发的鼠肝线粒体脂质过氧化,当ＴＦＬ终浓度在０．０２５～２．０ｍｇ／ｍｌ范围时,对丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）生成阻断率为３８．３８％～９９．９６％,呈剂量－效应关系,同时具有保持线粒体膜流动性的作用。扫描电镜观察到ＴＦＬ对脂质过氧化所致红细胞形态结构的破坏有保护作用。     

枸札总黄酮类化合物抗脂质过氧化研究

利用Ｆｅ＾２＋－Ｃｙｓ－Ｈｉｓ体系诱发鼠肝线粒体和红细胞产生脂质过氧化的方法,研究了枸札总黄类化合物（ＴＦＬ）的抗脂质过氧化作用。结果表明,ＴＦＬ可阻断该体系发的鼠肝线粒体脂质过氧化,当ＴＦＬ终浓度在０．０２５－２．０ｍｇ／ｍｌ范围时,对丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）生成阻断率为３８．３８％－９９．９６％,呈剂量－效应关系,同时具有保持线粒体膜流动性的作用、扫描电镜观察到ＴＦＬ对脂质过氧化所致红细胞形态结构的皮     

体外试验中三种苯胺衍生物对大鼠脾淋巴细胞膜毒性的比较

本文在离体试验条件下比较了三种不同致癌活性的苯胺衍生物(MOCA、MDA和Dapsone)对大鼠脾脏淋巴细胞的脂质过氧化作用和对膜脂流动性的影响。结果有致癌作用的MOCA和MDA均可诱发淋巴细胞膜的脂质过氧化作用并降低膜脂流动性,且MOCA的作用强于MDA,这与两种化学物本身的致癌活性相一致。用没有致癌作用的Dapsone处理大鼠脾淋巴细胞后,脂质过氧化作用及膜脂流动性均未发生改变。本试验结果表明,化学物对大鼠脾淋巴细胞膜某些生化、物理特性的改变可能与其致癌活性有关。     

不同膳食纤维对大鼠体内脂质过氧化作用的影响

考察了３种不同膳食纤维——纤维素、麦麸、果胶对高脂膳食大鼠体内脂质过氧化程度的影响。４０只Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠被随机分为４组，其中３组分别给与１０％的３种膳食纤维，喂养３个月后发现，膳食纤维组大鼠粪便中脂肪排出量增多，血清中及红细胞膜ＭＤＡ水平均显著地低于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５），红细胞膜的流动性显著地高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５），说明３种膳食纤维均可降低大鼠体内的脂质过氧化水平，减少自由基对生物膜的损伤。     

急性一氧化碳中毒家兔红细胞微观血流变学变化及其意义的探讨

目的探讨急性一氧化碳(CO)中毒家兔红细胞微观血流变学变化及其在急性CO中毒迟发性脑病(DEACMP)发病中的作用。方法通过腹腔注射CO方法制备急性CO中毒模型,使血中HbCO浓度达到50%以上持续30~36 h。动态检测初次染毒后6 h及末次染毒后30 min、24 h、3 d、5 d、7 d、14 d时颈静脉血红细胞变形性、红细胞渗透脆性、红细胞膜流动性、红细胞电泳率、红细胞脂质过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)等指标的变化并进行分析。结果与正常对照组相比,家兔末次染毒后30 min红细胞变形性、红细胞渗透脆性、膜流动性显著下降,逐渐恢复后,于第3天再次降低,持续约14 d;末次染毒后30 min,红细胞电泳率增快,而后逐渐恢复正常,但3 d后其值逐渐减慢,持续约14 d;红细胞脂质过氧化产物MDA含量于末次染毒后30 min明显升高,而后虽然出现下降趋势,但中毒3 d后再次升高,14 d时仍高于正常。结论急性CO中毒早期和后期均出现了红细胞变形性、膜流动性、渗透脆性、电泳率等流变学指标的异常变化;红细胞微观血流变学的此种异常变化不仅加速了急性CO中毒早期脑组织缺血缺氧性病变的发生,而且很... 更多还原     

莲房原花青素对大鼠红细胞膜维生素E及膜脂流动性的影响

目的:探讨莲房原花青素(LSPC)对大鼠红细胞膜维生素E(VE)及对膜脂流动性的影响。方法:采用Fenton反应体系产生·OH,诱导大鼠红细胞膜过氧化,通过测定膜中丙二醛(MDA)和VE含量变化,来研究过氧化过程中LSPC对红细胞膜中VE的作用;还采用荧光偏振度法观察LSPC对膜脂流动性的影响。结果:在诱导前后使用两种不同浓度的LSPC(3μg/ml、5μg/ml),均能使膜中MDA含量降低,减少膜中VE的消耗,使膜脂的流动性显著增加(P<0.05和P<0.01)。结论:LSPC能显著抑制膜脂质过氧化,并与膜中天然VE有协同作用且能使其再生;使膜脂的流动性下降程度减轻,甚至基本恢复。     

Changes in composition and properties of erythrocyte membrane in chronic alcoholics

AIMS AND METHODS: Alterations in cholesterol and phospholipid contents as well as fluidity and lipid peroxidation in erythrocyte membranes from chronic alcoholic humans were investigated. RESULTS: While an increase in cholesterol with no change in phospholipid content was observed in erythrocyte membranes, the phospholipid content increased with no change in cholesterol in plasma. CONCLUSIONS: An increase in microviscosity and a consequent decrease in membrane fluidity were evident from the studies of fluorescent hydrocarbon pyrene mobility in the bilayer of erythrocytes in chronic alcoholics. Also, an enhancement in the lipid peroxidation of erythrocytes from alcoholics is indicative of structural damage of membrane resulting from oxidative stress.     

核黄素缺乏大鼠红细胞膜流动性与脂质过氧化关系的研究

对两组大鼠分别喂饲核黄素缺乏(RD)膳和核黄素添加(RS,22mg/kg饲料)膳。7周后,测定了大鼠红细胞(RBC)膜荧光偏振度(P)和平均微粘度(?),RBC膜丙二醛(MDA)及RBC超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)。结果表明:RD组大鼠RBC膜P值和(?)值(分别为0.2976±0.0198和3.9483±0.3680)均高于RS组(0.2760±0.0207和2.8753±0.4634),差别分别呈显著和极显著统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。而RD组的RBC膜MDA(0.6868±0.1732nmol/mg蛋白质)和RBC SOD(7.7452±0.0610nU/mg蛋白质)则分别高于和低于RS组(0.5548±0.0980nmol/mg蛋白质和8.2685±0.3010nU/mg蛋白质),差别均有显著统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究表明:核黄素缺乏可引起大鼠RBC膜流动性下降,并与RBC膜脂质过氧化加重、清除自由基能力下降有关。     

Fatty acid profiles of four wild mushrooms and their potential benefits for hypertension treatment

Mushrooms are useful in balancing human diet and treating different health problems. The main determinant of the fluidity of erythrocyte membranes and rheologic properties of blood is the lipid composition of the membrane, which directly depends on lipids present in the diet. Lipid profiles of 4 European wild edible mushrooms, as well as the ability of mushroom lipids to modify the fluidity of erythrocyte membrane, were examined by using gas chromatography-mass spectometry, gas chromatography-flame ionization detector, and electron paramagnetic resonance spin probing technique. Lipids from 2 species--Macrolepiota procera and Collybia platyphylla--provoked an increase in erythrocyte membrane fluidity. Therefore, introduction of these and other wild mushrooms with similar lipid profiles to the human diet could be very beneficial in the treatment of hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases related to decreased fluidity of erythrocyte membranes.     

Antioxidant actions of phenolic compounds found in dietary plants on low-density lipoprotein and erythrocytes in vitro

OBJECTIVE: There is increasing interest in the study of the antioxidant actions of plant phenolic compounds as evidence shows that consumption of plant products rich in these compounds contributes to protection from a number of ailments including cardiovascular diseases. In the present study, the antioxidant effects of selected phenolic compounds from dietary sources, namely barbaloin, 6-gingerol and rhapontin, were investigated. METHODS: Low-density lipoprotein (LDL), erythrocytes and erythrocyte membranes were subjected to several in vitro oxidative systems. The antioxidant effects of the phenolic compounds were assessed by their abilities in inhibiting hemolysis and lipid peroxidation of LDL and erythrocyte membranes, and in protecting ATPase activities and protein sulfhydryl groups of erythrocyte membranes. RESULTS: 6-Gingerol and rhapontin were found to exhibit strong inhibition against lipid peroxidation in LDL induced by 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) hydrochloride (AAPH) and hemin while barbaloin possessed weaker effects. A similar order of antioxidant potencies among the three compounds was observed on the lipid peroxidation of erythrocyte membranes in a tert-butylhydroperoxide (tBHP)/hemin oxidation system. On the other hand, barbaloin and rhapontin were comparatively stronger antioxidants than 6-gingerol in preventing AAPH-induced hemolysis of erythrocytes. Among the three compounds, only barbaloin protected Ca2+-ATPase and protein sulfhydryl groups on erythrocyte membranes against oxidative attack by tBHP/hemin. Interestingly, rhapontin demonstrated protective actions on Na+/K+-ATPase in a sulfhydryl group-independent manner under the same experimental conditions. CONCLUSIONS: In view of their protective effects on LDL and erythrocytes against oxidative damage, these phenolic compounds might have potential applications in prooxidant state-related cardiovascular disorders.     

丙溴磷对人红细胞膜的毒性作用

为探讨丙溴磷对人红细胞膜的毒性作用,检测了红细胞膜Ⅰ型补体受体(Em-CR1)免疫粘附肿瘤细胞活性与红细胞超氧化物歧化酶(E-SOD)活性、红细胞膜唾液酸(Em-SA)含量以及红细胞膜脂流动性.结果发现,一定浓度丙溴磷可使上述各项指标显着降低,并呈现剂量-效应关系,提示丙溴磷对人红细胞膜有明显的毒性作用     

Effects of industrial organic solvents on human erythrocyte membrane adenosine triphosphatase activities in vitro

The effects of some aromatic hydrocarbons, aliphatic chlorinated hydrocarbons, and alcohols on adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity in human erythrocyte ghost membrane were studied in vitro. Both aromatic and chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons inhibited this activity dose-dependently, the inhibition of total ATPase activity being clearer than that of magnesium-activated ATPase. Of the alcohols studied, methanol had no effect on the ATPase activity, but ethanol, propranolol, and butanol were slightly enzyme-activating at high concentrations. The enzyme-inhibiting potency of organic solvents was generally related to their lipid solubilities, but 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane was a potent enzyme inhibitor despite its low lipid solubility. This findings indicates that, eg, the molecular structure of solvents may modulate their enzyme inhibition. In the presence of Triton-X-100, toluene did not cause any changes in the activity of total ATPase, and the combined effect of the two compounds was slight. Triton-X-100 also caused a significant solubilization of membrane proteins although even the highest toluene concentrations did not. These results show that organic solvents may cause their membrane effects by acting directly on membrane-bound integral proteins such as ATPase. This action is not only dependent on the lipid solubility of the compounds, but also on their molecular structure.     

几处无机粉尘对红细胞脂质过氧化作用的试验研究

This paper reports on the effects of erythrocytes when incubated with three kinds of inorganic dusts, i.e. quartz (free SiO2 content 97%), alpha-Al2O3 and TiO2. Malonaldehyde as a product of lipid peroxidation was determined as it reacted with thiobarbituric acid, and haemolytic activity was analysed spectrophotometrically. The results showed that quartz presented a stronger stimulative effect on lipid peroxidation of erythrocyte at doses of 1-8 mg than the control (P less than 0.01). No change was observed with alpha-Al2O3 and TiO2 at doses of 1-9 mg. The results suggest that the effects of dusts on lipid peroxidation of erythrocyte are similar to hemolytic reaction, directly reflecting the degree of their damage to the cell membrane. Therefore lipid peroxidation on cell membrane caused by dusts was one of the parameters of cytotoxic effects, and could be considered as one of the measures used in the assessment of cytotoxicity of dusts.     

Comparative study of hypocholesterolemic and hypolipidemic effects of conjugated linolenic acid isomers against induced biochemical perturbations and aberration in erythrocyte membrane fluidity

Aim of study

The purpose of the study was to evaluate hypolipidemic and hypocholesterolemic activities of conjugated linolenic acid (CLnA) isomers, present in bitter gourd and snake gourd seed, in terms of amelioration of plasma lipid profile, lipoprotein oxidation and erythrocyte membrane fluidity after oral administration.

Methods

Male albino rats were divided into six groups. Group 1 was control, and others were induced with oxidative stress by oral gavage of sodium arsenite (Sa). Group 2 was kept as treated control, and groups 3–6 were further treated with different oral doses of seed oils to maintaining definite concentration of CLnA isomers (0.5 and 1.0% of total lipid for each CLnA isomer).

Results

CLnA isomers normalized cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride contents in plasma and body weight of experimental rats and decreased cholesterol synthesis by reducing hepatic HMG-CoA reductase activity. Administration of Sa caused alteration in erythrocyte membrane fluidity due to increase in cholesterol and decrease in phospholipid content. Tissue cholesterol and lipid contents were also increased by Sa administration. These altered parameters were reversed by experimental oil administration. Protective effect of CLnA isomers on erythrocyte morphology was observed by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Fatty acid composition of erythrocyte membrane showed decrease in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and increase in arachidonic acid content after Sa administration, which was normalized with the treatment of these oils. Supplementation of CLnA isomers restored erythrocyte membrane (EM) lipid peroxidation and lipoprotein oxidation.

Conclusion

CLnA isomers, present in vegetable oils, showed potent hypolipidemic and hypocholesterolemic activities against biochemical perturbations.