熊果酸对肝星状细胞增殖与凋亡的影响

目的 体外观察熊果酸对肝星状细胞增殖与凋亡的影响,探讨熊果酸诱导肝星状细胞凋亡的可能作用机制. 方法 将不同浓度熊果酸作用于肝星状细胞HSC-T6及肝细胞L02,分别在药物作用24、48、72 h后用四甲基偶氮唑盐法检测熊果酸对HSC-T6及L02细胞增殖的影响;流式细胞仪检测熊果酸对HSC-T6凋亡的影响;光学显微镜观察熊果酸作用后细胞形态学变化情况;免疫细胞化学法检测HSC-T6中Bcl-2、Bax和Caspase-3蛋白的表达情况. 结果 各种浓度的熊果酸均可抑制HSC-T6细胞的增殖,且呈剂量-时间依赖性;当熊果酸浓度为25、50、75μmol/L时可促进L02细胞增殖,浓度＞75μmol/L则表现为抑制L02细胞增殖.在病理形态学方面,熊果酸作用HSC-T6细胞48 h后,光学显微镜下可见细胞缩小变圆、核浓缩等.25、50、75 μmol/L熊果酸作用HSC-T6细胞48 h后,流式细胞仪检测显示细胞凋亡率分别为10.30%±3.85%、21.87%±4.46%、31.33%±6.18%,比对照组(2.93%±1.60%)明显升高(P＜0.01).免疫细胞化学显示Bax及Caspase-3蛋白表达较对照组升高(P＜0.05),且呈剂量依赖性,而Bcl-2蛋白表达水平与对照组无明显差异(P＞0.05).结论 在体外熊果酸可较明显地抑制HSC-T6细胞增殖,诱导其凋亡;对L02细胞的生长具有双向调节作用.熊果酸诱导HSC-T6细胞凋亡可能与降低Bcl-2/Bax比值、激活Caspase-3蛋白有关.     

Effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on proliferation and apoptosis of hepatic stellate cells in vitro

AIM: To investigate the role of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)inhibitor caffeic acid phenethy1 ester (CAPE) in the proliferation, collagen synthesis and apoptosis of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) of rats. METHODS: The HSCs from rats were isolated and cultured in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM) and treated with CAPE. The proliferation and collagen synthesis of HSCs were determined by 3H-TdR and 3H-proline incorporation respectively, and the expression of type Ⅰ, Ⅲ procollagen genes was further explored byin situ hybridization. Apoptosis cell indices (AIs) were examined using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase- mediated DIG-dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL). RESULTS: Tn activated HSC in culture, CAPE significantly inhibited 3H-TdR and 3H-proline incorporation by HSCs at concentrations of 5 μmol/L and 10 μmol/L respectively. CAPE also reduced the type I procollagen gene expression (P＜0.05)at higher concentration. Apoptosis of HSC was induced by CAPE and the AIs were time-and dose-dependently increased from 2.82+0.73 % to 7.66±1.25 % at 12 h (P＜0.01) and from 3.15±0.88 % to 10.6L±2.88 % at 24 h (P＜0.01). CONCLUSION: CAPE inhibits proliferation and collagen synthesis of HSC at lower concentration and induces HSC apoptosis at higher concentration.     

激活素A对人肝星状细胞系LX-2细胞增殖的影响

目的观察激活素A对人肝星状细胞(hepatic stellate cell,HSC)系LX-2细胞增殖的影响。方法体外培养人HSC LX-2。设正常对照组和激活素A干预组,其中激活素A干预组分为9个浓度梯度,药物终浓度分别为1、2.5、5、10、20、40、80、160、320μg/L,采用CCK-8法检测激活素A对细胞增殖的影响;再选取25、50、100、200、300μg/L5个浓度分别作用24、48、72 h,观察激活素A对细胞增殖的影响。结果激活素A可刺激LX-2细胞增殖,1～2.5μg/L浓度范围内作用轻微(P>0.05),而80～320μg/L的激活素A作用明显增强(P<0.01),且在细胞指数生长期对刺激细胞增殖有时间浓度依赖性。结论激活素A可通过刺激HSC增殖,参与肝纤维化的形成。     

Effects of the tyrosine protein kinase inhibitor genistein on the proliferation,activation of cultured rat hepatic stellate cells

AIM：Hepatic stellate cell(HSC)plays a pivotal role in liver fibrosis and is considered as the therapeutic target for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis,Tyrosine protein kinase plays an important role in the proliferation,activation of HSC.The purpose of the study is to investigate the effects of the tyosine protein kinase inhibitor genistein on the proliferation and activation of cultured rat HSC.METHODS:Rat HSC were isolated from Wistar rats by in situ perfusion of collagenase and pronase and single-step density Nycodenz gradient,Culture-activated HSC were serum-starved and incubated with10^-9to10^-5mol/L concentration of genistein for 24,48or 72h,In PDGF-induced HSC proliferation,HSC were stimulated with10μg&#183;L^-1PDGF-BBfo15min,and thentreated with genistein for the same time.Cell proliferation was measured by MПassay and based on flow cytometric analysis of cell cycle.The a-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA）expression in HSC was studied with confocallaser microscopy and flow cytometry.c-fos,c-jun and cyclinD1expression in HSCwas also detected by flow cytometry.RESULTS:Genistein inhibited basal and PDGF-induced proliferation of HSCat the concentration of 10^-8to10^-5mol/L,and treatment with10^-7mol/L concentration of genistein for 48h inhibited the HSCproliferation significantly(the inhibition rate was 70.3%,P&lt;0.05).Immunofluorescence detected by confocal laser microscopy and flow cytometry showed that treatment with10^-7mol/L genistein for48h suppressed the expression of α-SMA significantly in HSC(the specific fluorescence intensity were60.2&#177;21.5vs35.3&#177;11.6and12.8&#177;10.4vs9.54&#177;6.39,respectively,bothP&lt;0.05).The intensity of c-fos,c-jun and cyclinD1 expression of HSCs treated with 10^-7mol/L genistein for 48h was also significantly decreased compared with the controls.CONCLUSION;Genistein influences proliferation of HSC,suppresses the expression of α-SMA in HSC and tinhibits the intensity of c-fos,c-jun and cyclinD1 expression of HCSs,Genistein has therapeutic potential against liver fibrosis.     

Effect of preoperative regional artery chemotherapy on proliferation and apoptosis of gastric carcinoma cells

AIM：To study the effects of preoperative regional artery chemotherapy (PRACT)in inducing growth inhibition and apoptosis of gastric carcinoma(GC) cells.METHODS:TUNEL(terminal-deoxynucleotidyl-transferase TdT-mediated dUTP-fluorescein and labeling)method and lmmunohistochemical techniques were used to detect the state of apoptosis and proliferation of GC cells in histopathologic sections.A total of 110 cases of GC and 68 cases of metastatic lymph node with or without PRACT were adopted correlations between apoptosis index (Al) proliferation index(PI) and PRACT and prognosis were analysed.RESULTS:The apoptosis index(AL)was significantly higher in the PRACT group(12.5‰&#177;4.33‰)than in the untreated group(7.1‰&#177;3.43‰,P&lt;0.001),whereas the proliferation index(PI) in the PRACT group(33.8%&#177;8.8%)was significantly lower than that in untreated group(43.6%&#177;12.8%&lt;P&lt;0.01),Both Al and PI were correlated to the differentiation degree of GC in PRACT group,the AL in the differentiated group was higher than that in undifferentiated group(P&lt;0.001),But the PI was lower in the differentiated group than that of the undifferentiated group(P&lt;0.01),The Al of GC cells in metastatic lymph node was also significantly higher in the PRACT group(7.9‰ 3.41‰)than in the untreated group(3.6‰&#177;2.93‰),P&lt;0.01,though the Pl of GC cells in metastatic lymph nodes in the PRACT group(17.2%&#177;6.8%)was significantly lower than that in the untreated group(26.7%&#177;9.3%,P&lt;0.01),The severity of histopathologic changes was significantly higher in the PRACT group than in the Untreated group(P&lt;0..5),In addition,Postoperative surveys demonstrated that the 5-year survival rate of GC patients in the PRACT group was significantly higher than that of patients in the Untreated group(P&lt;0.01).CONCLUSION:Preoperative regional artery chemotherapy (PRACT)showed inhibitory action on the growth of GC cells mainly through inhibiting rpliferation and inducing the apoptosis of tumor cells PRACT can improve the prognosis of GC patients also.     

Effect of rat serum containing Biejiajian oral liquid on proliferation of rat hepatic stellate cells

AIM: Liver fibrosis is a common pathological process of chronic liver diseases. Activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is the key issue in the occurrence of liver fibrosis. In this study, we observed the inhibitory action of rat serum containing Biejiajian oral liquid (BOL), a decoction of turtle shell, on proliferation of rat HSCs, and to explore the anti-hepatofibrotic mechanisms of BOL. METHODS: A rat model of hepatic fibrosis was induced by subcutaneous injection of CCl(4). Serum containing low, medium and high dosages of BOL was prepared respectively. Normal and fibrotic HSCs were isolated and cultured. The effect of sera containing BOL on proliferation of HSCs was determined by (3)H-TdR incorporation. RESULTS: The inhibitory rate of normal rat HSC proliferation caused by 100 mL/mL sera containing medium and high dosages of BOL showed a remarkable difference as compared with that caused by colchicine (medium dosage group: 34.56+/-4.21% vs 29.12+/-2.85%, P<0.01; high dosage group: 37.82+/-1.32% vs 29.12+/-2.85%, P<0.01). The inhibitory rate of fibrotic rat HSC proliferation caused by 100 mL/L serum containing medium and high dosages of BOL showed a remarkable difference as compared with that caused by colchicine (medium dosage group: 51.31+/-3.14% vs 38.32+/-2.65%, P<0.01; high dosage group: 60.15+/-5.36% vs 38.32+/-2.65%, P<0.01). The inhibitory rate of normal rat HSC proliferation caused by 100 mL/L and 200 mL/L sera containing a medium dosage of BOL showed a significant difference as compared with that caused by 50 mL/L (100 mL/L group: 69.02+/-9.96% vs 50.82+/-9.28%, P<0.05; 200 mL/L group: 81.78+/-8.92% vs 50.82+/-9.28%, P<0.01). The inhibitory rate of fibrotic rat HSC proliferation caused by 100 mL/L and 200 mL/L sera containing a medium dosage of BOL showed a significant difference as compared with that caused by 50 mL/L (100 mL/L group: 72.19+/-10.96% vs 61.38+/-7.16%, P<0.05; 200 mL/L group: 87.16+/-8.54% vs 61.38+/-7.16%, P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Rat serum containing BOL can inhibit proliferation of rat HSCs, and the inhibition depends on the dosage and concentration of BOL. The inhibitory effect on HSC proliferation is one of the main anti-hepatofibrotic mechanisms of BOL.     

Effect of Nimesulide on proliferation and apoptosis of human hepatoma SMMC—7721 cells

AIM:Cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2)has been suggested to be associated with carcinogenesis.We sought to investigate the effect of the selective COX-2 inhibitor,Nimesulide on proliferation and apoptosis of SMMC-7721 human hepatoma cells.METHODS:This study was carried out on the culture of hepatic carcinoma SMMC-7721 cell line Various concentrations of Nimesulide(0,200μmol/L,300μmol/L,400μmol/L)were added and incubated.Cell proliferation was detected with MTT colorimetric assay,cell proliferation was detected with MTT colorimetric assay,cell apoptosis by electron microscopy,flow cytometry and TUNEL.RESULTS:Nimesulide could significantly inhibit SMMC-7721 cells proliferation dose-dependent and in a dependent manner compared with that of the controla group.The duration lowerst inhibition rate produced by Nimesulide in SMMC-7721 cells was 19.06%,the highest inhibition rate was 58.49%,After incubation with Nimesulide for 72h,the most highest apotosis rate and apoptosis index of SMMC-7721 cells comparing with those of the control were 21.20%&#177;1.62%,vs2.24%&#177;0.26%and 21.23&#177;1.78vs2.01&#177;0.23(P&lt;0.05).CONCLUSION:The selective COX-2 inhibitor,Nimesulide can inhibit the proliferation of SMMC-7721 cells and increase apoptosis rate and apoptosis index of SMMC-7721 cells,The apoptosis rate and the apoptosis index are dose-dependent.Under electron microscope SMMC-7721 cells incubated with 300 μmol and 400μmol Nimesulide show apoptotic characteristics With the clarification of the mechanism of selective COX-2 inhibitors,Thtese COX-2 selective inhibitors can become the choice of prevention and treatment of cancers.     

Effect of Maotai liquor in inducing metallothioneins and on hepatic stellate cells

AIM：To explore the possible mechanism why drinking Maotai liquor dose not cause hepatic fibrosis.METHODS:After being fed with Maotai for 56 days consecutively,the male SDrats were decollated for detecting the biological indexes,and the livers were harvested to examine the liver indexes and the level of hepatic metallothioneins(MT),Hepatic stellate cells(HSC) proliferation and collagen generation were also observed.RESULTS:Hepatic MT contents were 216.0ng.g^-1&#177;108ng.g^-1 in the rats of Maotai group and 10.0ng.g^-1&#177;2.8ng.g^-1 in the normal control group,which was increased obviously in Maotain group(P&lt;0.05),In the rate with grade CCL2 Poisoning induced by Maotai,epatic MT content was 304.8ng.g^-1&#177;12.1ng.g^-1 whereas in the controls with grade CCL4 posoing,it was 126.4ng.g^-1&#177;4.8ng.g^-1(P&lt;0.05),MDA was 102.0nmol.g^-1&#177;3.4nmol.g^-1 in Maotai group and 150.8nmol.g&#177;6.7nmol.g^-1 in the control group(P_&lt;0.05),When both of the groups were suffering from grade CCL4 poisoning,hepatic MT contents was negatively correlated with MDA(r=-0.8023,n=20,P&lt;0.01),The 570 nmA values of each tube with HSC regeneration at concentrations of 0,10,50,100,and 200g.L^-1 of Maotai were 0.818,0.742,0.736.0.72,0.682,and 0.604,respectively.From the concentration of 10g.L^-1,Maotai began to show obvious inhibitory effcets against HSC,and the inhibition was concentration-dependent (P&lt;0.05,P&lt;0.01).Type I Collagen contents in HSC were 61.4,59.9,50.1,49.2,48.7,34.4μg&#183;^-1at concentrations of 0,10,50,100,and 200g.L^-1 of Maotai .At the concentration of 100-200 g.L^-1,Matotai had obvious inhibitory effect against the secretion of type I collagen(P&lt;0.05).Gene expression analysis was conducted on celss with Maotai Concentrations of 0,50,100g.L^-1 respectively and the ash valuse of β-actin gene expression were 0.88,0.74,and 0.59,respectively,suggesting that at the concentration of 100g.L^-1 Maotal could obviously inhibit gene expression of type I procollagen (P&lt;0.05),but the effect was not obvious at the concentration of 50g.L^-1(P&gt;0.05),At the concentration of 10g.L^-1 HSC growth in vitro inhibition rates were 16.4&#177;2.3 in Maotai group and -8.4&#177;2.3 in the control group(P&lt;0.05) CONCLUSION:Maotai liquor can increase metallothioneins in the liver and inhibit the activation of HSC and the synthesis of collagen in many aspects,which might be the mechanism that Maotal liquor interferes in the hepatic fibrosis.     

过氧化物酶体增殖物活化受体γ配体15d-PGJ2对肝星状细胞增殖活化的影响

目的观察过氧化物酶体增殖物活化受体γ(PPARγ)的天然配体15d-PGJ2对HSC增殖及活化的影响,以探讨PPARγ在HSC活化过程中的作用。方法采用MTT法和RT-PCR方法观察5μmol/L及10μmol/L 15d-PGJ2对体外培养的HSC自发活化及血小板衍生生长因子(PDGF)引起的HSC增殖及活化的影响。结果以5μmol/L 15d-PGJ2处理原代HSC 3 d后,可明显抑制HSC活化标志物α-平滑肌肌动蛋白的表达,而PPARγ的表达较未处理组明显增高(0.64±0.03对比0.09±0.01,t=36.0517,P<0.01);15d-PGJ2可剂量依赖性地抑制PDGF引起的HSC增殖;经5μmol/L和10μmol/L 15d-PGJ2预处理后再用PDGF干预,则PPARγ的表达较单用PDGF干预组明显增高(分别为0.03±0.02对比0.60±0.03,t=42.6616,P<0.01;以及0.03±0.02对比0.69±0.04,t=33.83,P<0.01),而HSC的活化指标α-平滑肌肌动蛋白、α1(I)型胶原及单核细胞趋化蛋白-1的表达则受抑制。结论激活PPARγ可调控HSC的促纤维化和促炎症作用,促进PPARγ的表达可能成为抗肝纤维化的新手段。     

转化生长因子β1对不同活化状态肝星状细胞增殖与Ⅰ型胶原表达的影响

目的 观察不同活化状态肝星状细胞(HSC)对外源性转化生长因子-β_1(TGF-β_1)旁分泌刺激的生物学效应作用。方法 原代分离培养大鼠HSC,无包被塑料培养皿上分别培养1、4、7d,细胞处于静止、中间活化与完全活化状态,继以10～500 pmol/L TGF-β_1温育细胞24h,~3H—TdR掺入法测定细胞增殖,western blot法检测细胞α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)与Ⅰ型胶原蛋白表达沉积,~3H-脯氨酸掺入与胶原酶消化法测定细胞总胶原的分泌量。100pmol/L TGF-β_1温育细胞15～90min,northern blot法检测细胞Ⅰ型前胶原mRNA的表达水平。结果 TGF-β_1浓度依赖性抑制培养1d HSC的细胞增殖,10～500 pmol/L TGF-β_1浓度组细胞内~3H—TdR掺入率分别为对照组的52.8％～16.8％,与对照组比较,q值为5.44～10.37,P<0.01。但TGF-β_1对培养4d与7d的细胞增殖无影响。随细胞活化,HSC基础性α-SMA、Ⅰ型胶原蛋白与mRNA水平明显增加,而TGF-β_1刺激各培养时间HSC以上蛋白与基因的表达。培养1、4、7d HSC基础水平与TGF-β_1刺激的总胶原分泌量分别为(804±274)dpm/孔与(1 200±708)dpm/孔;(2 966±1 701)dpm/孔与(6 160±1 123)dpm/孔;(2 580±767)dpm/孔与(4 583±1 467)dpm/孔,后2组组内比较,t值分别为3.84与2.96,P<0.01或P<0.05。以培养4d HSC     

Hot water-extracted Lycium barbarum and Rehmannia glutinosa inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells

AIM: To investigate the effect of hot water-extracted Lycium barbarum (LBE) and Rehmannia glutinosa (RGB) on cell proliferation and apoptosis in rat and/or human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. METHODS: Rat (H-4-Ⅱ-E) and human HCC (HA22T/ VGH) cell lines were incubated with various concentrations (0-10 g/L) of hot water-extracted LBE and RGE. After 6-24 h incubation, cell proliferation (n = 6) was measured by a colorimetric method. The apoptotic cells (n = 6) were detected by flow cytometry. The expression of p53 protein (n = 3) was determined by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. RESULTS: Crude LBE (2-5 g/L) and RGE (2-10 g/L) dose-dependently inhibited proliferation of H-4-Ⅱ-E cells by 11% (P < 0.05) to 85% (P < 0.01) after 6-24 h treatment. Crude LBE at a dose of 5 g/L suppressed cell proliferation of H-4-Ⅱ-E cells more effectively than crude RGE after 6-24 h incubation (P < 0.01). Crude LBE (2-10 g/L) and RGE (2-5 g/L) also dose-dependently inhibited proliferation of HA22T/VGH cells by 14%-43% (P < 0.01) after 24 h. Crude LBE at a dose of 10 g/L inhibited the proliferation of HA22T/VGH cells more effectively than crude RGE (56.8%±1.6% vs 70.3%±3.1% of control, P = 0.0003 < 0.01). The apoptotic cells significantly increased in H-4-Ⅱ-E cells after 24 h treatment with higher doses of crude LBE (2-5 g/L) and RGE (5-10 g/L) (P < 0.01). The expression of p53 protein in H-4-Ⅱ-E cells was 119% and 143% of the control group compared with the LBE-treated (2, 5 g/L) groups, and 110% and 132% of the control group compared with the RGE -treated (5,10 g/L) groups after 24 h. CONCLUSION: Hot water-extracted crude LBE (2-5 g/L) and RGE (5-10 g/L) inhibit proliferation and stimulate p53-mediated apoptosis in HCC cells.     

黄芪注射液对肝纤维化抑制作用的实验研究

目的探讨黄芪注射液对大鼠肝星状细胞(HSC)和肝纤维化的作用。方法体外细胞实验: 用不同浓度黄芪注射液(0、25、50、100、200、400 mg/ml)作用HSC不同时间(24、48、72h)后,采用四甲基偶氮唑盐法检测其活化增殖;流式细胞术检测HSC增殖周期;溴乙锭/吖啶橙荧光染色和流式细胞术检测HSC凋亡。动物实验:用40%四氯化碳和5%乙醇制备大鼠肝纤维化动物模型,实验分为正常对照组、模型组和黄芪注射液组。黄芪注射液组和模型组在模型制备的同时分别给予黄芪注射液(800 mg·kg-1·d-1)和等渗盐水腹腔注射,第8周时测定血清透明质酸(HA),层黏连蛋白(LN)水平及肝组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,丙二醛(MDA)含量,免疫组织化学方法观察肝组织LN的表达,苏木素-伊红、苦味酸-酸性品红染色观察肝组织病理改变。结果在体外细胞实验中,与0 mg/ml组比较,黄芪注射液其它浓度组明显抑制了HSC增殖,并呈剂量和时间依赖性;HSC增殖周期被抑制在G2-M期;黄芪注射液各浓度组荧光染色法和流式细胞术均未检测到HSC凋亡。在体内实验中,血清HA、LN含量:模型组分别为(114.3±25.6)μg/L和(78.8±11.7)μg/L,黄芪注射液组分别为(85.6±37.3)μg/L和(66.8±17.6)μg/L,P <0.05;肝组织SOD活性黄芪注射液组为(75.9±5.9)NU/mg,模型组为(49.6±5.7)NU/mg,P< 0.01;而MDA含量黄芪注射液组为(2.4±0.2)μmol/g,模型组为(3.7±0.4)μmol/g,P<0.01。显微镜下黄芪注射液组肝纤维化程度明显轻于模型组,免疫组织化学结果黄芪注射液组肝组织LN表达明显减少。结论黄芪注射液可延缓肝纤维化的发生,其机制除可直接抑制HSC增殖外,还有抗氧化、抗脂质过氧化、减少LN产生,防止肝窦毛细血管化等作用。     

Transforming growth factor beta and tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibit both apoptosis and proliferation of activated rat hepatic stellate cells.

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) as well as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) gene expression are up-regulated in chronically inflamed liver. These cytokines were investigated for their influence on apoptosis and proliferation of activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Spontaneous apoptosis in activated HSC was significantly down-regulated by 53% +/- 8% (P <.01) under the influence of TGF-beta and by 28% +/- 2% (P <.05) under the influence of TNF-alpha. TGF-beta and TNF-alpha significantly reduced expression of CD95L in activated HSCs, whereas CD95 expression remained unchanged. Furthermore, HSC apoptosis induced by CD95-agonistic antibodies was reduced from 96% +/- 2% to 51 +/- 7% (P <.01) by TGF-beta, and from 96% +/- 2% to 58 +/- 2% (P <.01) by TNF-alpha, suggesting that intracellular antiapoptotic mechanisms may also be activated by both cytokines. During activation, HSC cultures showed a reduced portion of cells in the G0/G1 phase and a strong increment of G2-phase cells. This increment was significantly inhibited (G1 arrest) by administration of TGF-beta and/or TNF-alpha to activated cells. In liver sections of chronically damaged rat liver (CCl4 model), using desmin and CD95L as markers for activated HSC, most of these cells did not show apoptotic signs (TUNEL-negative). Taken together, these findings indicate that TGF-beta and/or TNF-alpha both inhibit proliferation and also apoptosis in activated HSC in vitro. Both processes seem to be linked to each other, and their inhibition could represent the mechanism responsible for prolonged survival of activated HSC in chronic liver damage in vivo.     

羟基喜树碱对HSC-T6细胞增殖与凋亡的影响

目的 探讨羟基喜树碱(HCPT)对体外培养大鼠肝星状细胞(HSC)的增殖与凋亡的影响.方法 大鼠肝星状细胞(HSC-T6)和大鼠正常肝细胞(BRL-3A)分别在实验组(分别以含HCPT浓度为0.008、0.016、0.031、0.063、0.125,0.25、0.5、1、2、4、8、16、32mg/L的培养液培养)和对照组(单纯培养)体外培养24 h.用四甲基偶氮唑盐法检测细胞增殖情况,找出HCPT对HSC-T6细胞增殖抑制的最佳作用浓度;流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率;透射电子显微镜下观察细胞凋亡的形态学变化情况;琼脂糖凝胶电泳法检测DNA片段化.多个样本均数的比较采用单因素方差分析,两样本均数的比较采用t检验.结果 HCPT对HSC-T6细胞和BRL-3A细胞的增殖抑制率随着药物浓度的升高而逐渐升高;当HCPT浓度＞0.5mg/L时,对BRL-3A细胞的毒性作用显著增高(P值均<0.05);0.5 mg/L对HSC-T6细胞增殖抑制作用最大,为HCPT对HSC-T6细胞增殖的最佳抑制浓度.0.125、0.25、0.5 mg/L的HCPT作用HSC-T6细胞24h,流式细胞仪检测显示细胞凋亡率分别为13.46%±2.42%、26.25%±5.65%、47.05%±8.76%,与对照组(4.89%±1.80%)相比,差异有统计学意义(F=34.24,P<0.01).0.5mg/L的HCPT作用HSC-T6细胞24 h,透射电子显微镜下可见细胞体积缩小,核仁消失,染色质浓缩聚集成团块状,沿核膜排列等凋亡形态学改变;琼脂糖凝胶电泳可见明显的DNA梯度带形成.结论 HCPT在体外可以明显地抑制HSC-T6细胞的增殖、诱导HSC-T6细胞凋亡,作用强度呈剂量依赖性.     

Apoptosis, proliferation and p53 gene expression of H. pylori associated gastric epithelial lesions

AIM:To study the relationship between Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)and gaatric carcinoma and its possiblepathogenesis by H.pylori.METHODS:DNEL technique and immunohistochemicaltechnique were used to study the state of apoptosis,proliferation and p53 gone expression.A total of 100 gastricmucosal biopsy specimens,including 20 normal mucosa,30H.pylori-negative and 30 H.pylori-positive gastricprecancerous lesions along with 20 gastric carcinomas werestudied.RESULTS:There were several apoptotic cells in thesuperficial epithelium and a few proliferative cells within theneck of gestric glands,and no p53 protein expression innormal mucosa.In gestric carcinoma,there ware fewapoptotic cells,while there were a large number ofproliferative cells,and expression of p53 proteinsignificantly was increased.In the phase of metaplasia,theapoptotic index(Al,4.36%±1.95%),proliferative index(Pl,19.11%±6.79%)and positivity of p53 expression(46.7%)in H.pylori-positive group ware higher than thosein normal mucosa(P<0.01).Al in H.pylori-positive groupwas higher than that in H.pylori-negative group(3.81%±1.76%),Pl in H.pylori-positive group was higher than thatin H.pylori-negative group(12.23%±5.63%,P<0.01).Inthe phase of dysplasia,Al(2.31%±1.10%) in H.pylori-positive group was lower(3.05%±1.29%)than that in H.pylori-negative group,but Pl(33.89%±11.65%)wassignificantly higher(22.09±8018%,P<0.01).In phases ofmetaplasia,dysplasia and gastric cancer in the H.pylori-positive group,Als had an evidently greduall decreasingtrend(P<0.01),while Pls had an evidently gradualincreasing trend(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and there was alsoa trend of gradual increase in the expression of p53 gone.CONCLUSION:In the course of the formation of gastriccarcinoma,proliferation of gastric mucosa can be greatlyIncreased by H.pylori,and H.pylori can induce apoptosisin the phase of metaplasia,but in the phase of dysplesia H.pylorl can inhibit cellular apptosis.And H.pylori infectioncan strengthen the expression of mutated p53 gene.     

Interleukin-1 beta up-regulates tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 mRNA and phosphorylation of c-jun N-terminal kinase and p38 in hepatic stellate cells

AIM: To study the relationship between interleu-kin-1beta (IL-1β) up-regulating tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMMP-1) mRNA expression and phosphorylation of both c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 in rat hepatic stellate cells (HSC). METHODS: RT-PCR was performed to measure the expression of TIMMP-1 mRNA in rat HSC. Western blot was performed to measure IL-1β-induced JNK and p38 activities in rat HSC. RESULTS: TIMMP-1 mRNA expression (1.191±0.079) was much higher after treatment with IL-1β(10 ng/mL) for 24 h than in control group (0.545±0.091) (P<0.01). IL-1βactivated JNK and p38 in a time-dependent manner. After stimulation with IL-1βfor 0, 5, 15, 30, 60 and 120 min, the JNK activity was 0.982±0.299, 1.501±0.720, 2.133±0.882, 3.360±0.452, 2.181±0.789, and 1.385±0.368, respectively. There was a significant difference in JNK activity at 15 min (P<0.01), 30 min (P<0.01) and 60 min (P<0.01) in comparison to that at 0 min. The p38 activity was 1.061±0.310, 2.050±0.863, 2.380±0.573, 2.973±0.953, 2.421±0.793, and 1.755±0.433 at the 6 time points (0, 5, 15, 30, 60 and 120 min) respectively. There was a significant difference in p38 activity at 5 min (P<0.05), 15 min (P<0.01), 30 min (P<0.01) and 60 min (P<0.01) compared to that at 0 min. TIMMP-1 mRNA expression trended to decrease in 3 groups pretreated with different concentrations of SP600125 (10μmol/L, 1.022±0.113; 20μmol/L, 0.869±0.070; 40μmol/L, 0.666±0.123). Their decreases were all significant (P<0.05, P<0.01,P<0.01) in comparison to control group (without SP600125 treatment, 1.163±0.107). In the other 3 groups pretreated with different concentrations of SB203580 (10μmol/L, 1.507±0.099; 20μmol/L, 1.698±0.107; 40μmol/L, 1.857±0.054), the expression of TIMMP-1 mRNA increased. Their levels were higher than those in the control group (without SB203580 treatment, 1.027±0.061) with a significant statistical significance CONCLUSION: IL-1βhas a direct action on hepatic fi-brosis by up-regulating TIMMP-1 mRNA expression in rat HSC. JNK and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are involved in IL-1β-induced TIMMP-1 gene expression, and play a distinct role in this process, indicating that p38 and JNK pathways cooperatively mediate TIMP-1 mRNA expression in rat HSC.     

复方861对肝星状细胞的增殖和凋亡的干预作用

目的 研究ＨＳＣ在体外和体内的增殖和凋亡及中药的干预作用。方法 体外研究对象为ＨＳＣ系。结果增殖采用ＭＴＴ比色法,细胞凋亡采用电镜观察,流式细胞仪和ＴＵＮＥＬ法检测。临床研究对象是量慢性乙型肝炎患者。结果 复方８６１显著抑制体外培养的ＨＳＣ增殖,随着药物剂量的增加和时间的延长,ＨＳＣ的凋亡明显增多,凋亡率增加,呈剂量和时间依赖,ＴＵＮＥＬ法检测,用５ｍｇ／ｍｌ复方８６１作用４８ｈ二,ＨＳＣ凋亡率为     

Effects of lipopolysaccharides stimulated Kupffer cells on activation of rat hepatic stellate cells

AIM:To study the effects of Kupffer cell-conditioned medium (KCCM) derived from lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment on proliferation of rat hepatic stellate cells (HSC).METHODS:HSC and Kupffer cells were isolated from the liver of Wistar rats by in situ perfusion with pronase and collagenase and density gradient centrifugation with Nycodenz and cultured. KCCM was prepared and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) colorimetric assay was used to detect HSC proliferation. The content of type Ⅳ collagen and laminin secreted by HSC in the HSC-conditioned medium was determined by radioimmunoassay.TGF-β1 production in the KCCM was detected by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).RESULTS:HSC and Kupffer cells isolated had high purity.One microgram per mililiter LPS-activated KCCM and unstimulated KCCM could significantly promote HSC proliferation [0.132&#177;0.005 and 0.123&#177;0.008 vscontrol group (0.100&#177;0.003), P&lt;0.01], and there was a difference between them (P&lt;0.05). Ten microgram per mililiter LPS-activated KCCM (0.106&#177;0.010) was unable to promote HSC proliferation (P&gt;0.05). Adding anti-TGF-β1 antibodies could suppress the proliferation promoted by unstimulated KCCM and LPS(1μg/ml)-activated KCCM (0.109&#177;0.009 vs 0.123&#177;0.008,0.115&#177;0.008 vs 0.132&#177;0.005, P&lt;0.01). LPS (1μg/ml or 10μg/ml) could not promote HSC proliferation immediately (0.096&#177;0.003 and 0.101&#177;0.004 vs 0.100&#177;0.003, P&gt;0.05). There was a parallel behavior between HSC proliferation and increased ECM level. One microgram per mililiter LPS-activated KCCM contained a larger amount of TGF-β1 than unstimulated KCCM.CONCLUSION:The technique for isolation of HSC and Kupffer cells described here is simple and reliable. KCCM stimulated by LPS may promote HSC proliferation and collagen accumulation, which are associated with hepatic fibrogenesis.     

In vivo effects of Chinese herbal recipe, Danshaohuaxian, on apoptosis and proliferation of hepatic stellate cells in hepatic fibrotic rats

AIM: To investigate the effects of Danshaohuaxian (DSHX), a Chinese herbal recipe, on the apoptosis and cell cycles of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) in rat hepatic fibrosis and its possible mechanisms. METHODS: Seventy-six male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group, hepatic fibrosis group, non-DSHX-treated group and DSHX-treated group. Except for the normal control group, rat hepatic fibrotic models were induced by subcutaneous injection of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), drinking alcohol, giving diet of hyperlipid and hypoprotein for 8 wk. When the hepatic fibrotic models were produced, 12 rats of hepatic fibrosis group (15 rats survived, others died during the 8 wk) were sacrificed to collect blood and livers. HSCs were isolated from the other 3 rats to detect the apoptotic index (AI) and cell cycles by flow cytometry. DSHX was then given to the DSHX-treated group (1.0 g/kg, PO, daily) for 8 wk. At the same time, normal control group and non-DSHX-treated group were given normal saline for 8 wk. At end of the experiment, some rats in these three groups were sacrificed to collect blood and livers, the other rats were used for HSC isolation to detect the apoptotic index (AI) and cell cycles. Then the liver index, serum hyaluronic acid (HA) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), degree of hepatic fibrosis, urinary excretion of hydroxyproline (Hyp) and expression of collagen types Ⅰ and Ⅲ (COL Ⅰ and Ⅲ) in these four groups were detected respectively. RESULTS: Compared with the indexes of the hepatic fibrosis group and non-DSHX-treated group, the DSHX-treated group revealed a liver index of (0.0267±0.0017 vs 0.0423±0.0044, 0.0295±0.0019, P<0.05), levels of serum HA (200.78±31.71 vs 316.17±78.48, 300.86±72.73, P<0.05) and ALT(93.13±5.79 vs 174.5±6.02, 104.75±6.54, P<0.01), and stage of hepatic fibrosis (1.30 vs 4.25, 2.60, P<0.01) all reduced. The urinary excretion of Hyp increased (541.09±73.39 vs 62.00±6.40, 182.44±30.83, P<0.01), the COL Ⅰ and Ⅲ expression decreased (COL I: 1.07±0.96 vs 4.18±2.26, 3.22±1.44, P<0.01; COL Ⅲ: 1.09±0.58 vs 3.04±0.62, 2.23±0.58, P<0.01), the HSCs apoptotic index of HSCs (7.81±0.47 vs 1.63±0.25, 1.78±0.4, P<0.05) and the ratio of G0-G1 phase cells increased (94.30±1.33 vs 62.27±17.96, 50.53±2.25, P<0.05). The ratios of S-phase cells (3.11±1.27 vs 9.83±1.81, 11.87±1.9, P<0.05) and G2-M phase cells (2.58±0.73 vs 23.26±10.95, 13.60±1.15, P<0.01) declined. CONCLUSION: DSHX capsule shows certain therapeutic effects on hepatic fibrosis in rats and inhibits abnormal deposition of COL I and III in rat livers by promoting the apoptosis of HSCs and preventing their proliferation.