肌酸磷酸对冷冻复苏后精子的活率和存活率的影响

肌酸磷酸和肌酸磷酸激酶在精子的能量再生和转移中发挥重要作用。本文研究了２０例冷冻复苏后精液标本，在起始时间、０时间、６０分钟、１２０分钟和１８０分钟采用计算机辅助精液分析仪和荧光分子探针方法测定精子的活率与存活率。实验结果表明，加ＣＰ的实验组与ＨＴＦ对照组，在６０分钟、１２０分钟和１８０分钟进行比较，发现精子活率与存活率ＣＰ实验组明显高于ＨＴＦ对照组，两组间有极显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１），提示ＣＰ有延长精子活动的时间及存活时间，此外，延缓精子活率和存活率的快速下降     

尿激酶对高粘稠度精液的影响

本院１９９５年５月至１９９７年１月对３２例高粘稠度精液在体外应用尿激酶，旨在从降低精液粘稠度方面作一实验性研究。结果，用尿激酶前后差数的平均数标准差（ｘ±ｓ）４８．５３±２７秒／０．５ｍｌ，ｔ＝１０．１７，Ｐ＜０．０１，在统计学上有非常显著的差异；没有损害精子的迹象，而且增加了精子活动力和活动率。     

肌酸磷酸对冷冻复合后精子的活率和存活率的影响

肌酸磷酸和肌酸磷酸激酶在精子的能量再生和转移中发挥重要作用。西方研究了２０例冷冻复苏后精液标本，在起始时间，０时间，６０分钟，１２０分钟和１８０分钟采用计算机辅助精液分析仪和荧光分子探针方法测定精子的活率与存活率。实验结果表明，加ＣＰ的实验组与ＨＴＦ对照组，在６０分钟采用２０分钟和１８０分钟进行比较，发现精子活率与存活率ＣＰ实验组明显高于ＨＴＦ对照组，两组间有极显著性差异，提示ＣＰ有延长精子活动的     

不育精液冷冻及解冻后上游处理对精子活率的影响

本文对男性不育患者４０份精液，根据精子的活动情况分为Ａ组（ｎ＝２４，精子活动率＞５０％），Ｂ组（ｎ＝１６，活动率＜５０％），精液均采用人工操作放置液氮超低温进行冷冻保存，一周以后进行解冻，精子复苏率分别为６８．９１％及６０．４９％；同时对３１例标本进行上游处理。Ａ组精子平均活率为（６１．３２±１３．０６）％。Ｂ组为（３２．９２±１１．６３）％，精子前向运动力分别为６．２６±１．３３级和４．０８±１．２５级；活动精子的回收率分别为５４．２６％和４７．５４％。通过分析发现，对精子质量低下，但有一定活动率的精子仍可作冷冻保存，并具有一定的可冻性及耐冻性。复苏后上游处理，不论其活率还是前向运动力均有明显提高（Ｐ＜０．０１），为做ＡＩＨ患者的精液冷冻保存及解冻后的精子作上游处理提供了一种实验方法及参考数据。     

精子尾部卷曲试验及影响因素的探讨

本文介绍了精子尾部卷曲试验及影响因素（时间、温度、ｐＨ）。３０例正常生育男性和４３例不育男性的精液分析表明，精子尾部卷曲率与精子活率具有高度的相关性（ｒ＝０．９６２５），与精子密度无相关性（ｒ＝０．１６２）；男性生育组与不育组之间的精子尾部卷曲率具有显著性差异（ｘ±ｓ，百分率分别为７５．２１±２０．０１和５９．４３±２０．５４，Ｐ＜０．０５）。     

Makler精子计算盘的应用及其临床意义

作者应用Ｍａｋｌｅｒ精子计算盘对精液有关参数进行了实验研究与临床应用。报道了１００例正常生育男性的精子密度与活动率分别为（６６．３５±２０．０９）×１０￣９／Ｌ和５８．６４±１８．３２％。３０例自愿者正常精液春、夏、秋、冬四季精子运动的平均速度依次为２４．６、３０．９、３１．２和２３．５μｍ／ｓ。指出了禁欲时间和不同生育年龄对精子运动速度与运动方式没有影响。同时还报道了解脲支原体感染不仅可降低精子的运动速度，而且还改变其运动方式。作者认为Ｍａｋｌｅｒ精子计算盘是有应用价值的精液分析工具，值得推广使用。     

弱精症男子与正常人精子膜尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活因子含量的研究

按ＷＨＯ精液参数标准，分别选择精子活力低下的男性不育症患者和正常生育力男子精液标本各２０例，将洗涤后的精子用含１％ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００的０．１ＭＴｒｉｓ－ＨＣｌ缓冲液处理，提取精子膜结合尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活因子（ｕＰＡ），然后采用抗人尿激酶多克隆抗体，进行各样品ｕＰＡ含量的测定（夹心法ＥＬＩＳＡ）。结果显示：弱精症男子精子膜结合ｕＰＡ（２３．１０±７．３５ｍｕ／１０６ｃｅｌｓ）显著性低于正常人精子膜ｕＰＡ（２９．８９±９．４８ｍｕ／１０６ｃｅｌｓ），Ｐ＜０．０２５。且精子膜ｕＰＡ含量与精子活率呈直线正相关（ｒ＝０．６４，Ｐ＜０．０００１），与精子活力（直线前向运动精子百分率）亦呈线性相关（ｒ＝０．４８，Ｐ＜０．００５）。说明精子膜结合ｕＰＡ可能与精子活力及生育力之间有一定关联。     

硝苯吡啶与阿屈可林或维库溴铵联用对患者神经肌网阻滞效应…

观察了钙通道阻滞药硝苯吡啶与阿屈可林或维库溴铵联用对患神经肌从阻滞效应的影响。２０例用Ｎｉｆ治疗随机分成两组（ＡＮ和ＶＮ组）；２０例未用Ｎｉｆ患亦随机分成两个对照组（ＡＣ和ＶＣ组）；ＡＮ和ＶＮ组患Ｎｉｆ的剂量分别为０．４１±０．０１ｍｇ／ｋｇ和０．２２±０．０１ｍｇ／ｋｇ。结果表明：用Ｎｉｆ（１０－３０ｍｇ）患血清Ｃａ＾２＋从３０分钟开始下降，一直持续至１８０分钟，尤以６０－９０分钟时下     

枸橼酸克罗米酚治疗少弱精子症不育578例临床报告

本研究对少弱精子症患者５７８例采用每日口服克罗米酚５０ｍｇ作治疗观察。并以精液参数和其它临床资料与上述患者相当的志愿者３０例，服安慰剂作为对照，每３个月为一疗程。用药前后检查精液及ＦＳＨ、ＬＨ、Ｔ，并于每一疗程后随访。结果服克罗米酚组妊娠２１７例，妊娠率３７．５％，精子密度及活动力改善２４２例，改善率４１．９％。对照组妊娠２例，妊娠率６．７％，精子参数改善５例，改善率１６．７％。经统计学处理，两组间妊娠率和精子参数改善率差异有显著意义（Ｐ＜０．０１）。妊娠和精子参数改善大多数（９０．８％）发生在第二、三疗程。本文认为克罗米酚是治疗少、弱精子症的有效药物。     

Makler精子计算盘的应用及其临床意义

应用Ｍａｋｌｅｒ清子计算盘对精液有关参数进行了实验研究与临床应用。１００例正常生育男性精子密度与活动率分别为６６．３５±２０．０９×１０９和５８．６４±１８．３２％。正常生育男性精液春夏秋冬四季精子运动平均速度依次为２４．６，３０．９，３１．２和２３．５μｍ／ｓ。禁欲时间和不同生育年龄对精子运动速度与运动方式没有影响。同时报道了解脲支原体感染不仅降低精子运动速度，而且改变其运动方式。作者认为Ｍａｋｌｅｒ精子计算盘是精液分析有广泛应用价值的检测工具，值得在我国推广使用。     

弱精症男子与正常人精浆和精子膜尿激酶酶活性的研究

应用琼酯糖－纤维蛋白－平板法和抗人尿激酶多克隆抗体的免疫阻断法，分别测定了２０名正常生育力男子和２２例精子活力低下（弱精症）的男性不育症患者精浆中及精子膜尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活因子（ｕＰＡ）的酶活性。结果：弱精症组精浆ｕＰＡ活性为２１３４±１５８１ＩＵ／Ｌ，正常生育组精浆ｕＰＡ活性为３３６５±１８５９．５ＩＵ／Ｌ，两组间差异有显著性意义（Ｐ＜０．０５）。弱精症组精子膜ｕＰＡ活性为５．１３±３．８２ｍＵ／１０６ｃｅｌｓ，正常生育组精子膜ｕＰＡ活性为１０．１７±６．１８ｍＵ／１０６ｃｅｌｓ，两组间差异有极显著性意义（Ｐ＜０．００５）。精子膜ｕＰＡ活性值与精子活率、活力亦呈线性相关。提示精子膜ｕＰＡ酶活性与精子活力及生育力可能有一定关系。     

Free radical scavenger effect of rebamipide in sperm processing and cryopreservation

Aim: To study the effect of rebamipide added to semen samples and cryoprotectant on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Methods: Semen samples from 30 fertile and healthy volunteers were collected by masturbation after 2 days - 3 days of abstinence. After liquefaction, the specimens were diluted with sperm wash media to a uniform density of 20×106/mL. Rebamipide was added to semen samples and cryoprotectant to a final concentration of 10 μmol/L, 30 μmol/L, 100 μmol/L or 300 μmol/L. Specimens were incubated at 37 ℃ in a 0.5 % CO2 incubator for 1 h or cryopreserved at -196 ℃ LN2 for 3 days. The sperm motility and viability and the levels of ROS and lipid peroxidation of sperm membrance were assessed before and after incubation and cryopreservation by means of computer assisted semen analyzer, eosin-nigrosin stain, chemiluminescence and thiobarbituric acid assay, respectively. Results: The sperm motility was significantly increased after incubation with 100 μmol/L and 300 μmol/L rebamipide (P     

Medium containing different concentrations of catalase as a strategy for optimising sperm parameters and chromatin in normospermic persons

The aim of this study was to comprise the effect of catalase on sperm parameters and chromatin in normospermic persons. Semen samples were obtained from fertile men. A certain amount of different concentrations of catalase (0.1, 1, 10, 50, 100, 150 and 200 IU.ml) was added to each vial containing semen. Control group had similar condition to treated groups without treatment. Treatment was done for one hour in incubator and 4 and 24 hr in room temperature. Sperm parameters (motility, viability and morphology ) and chromatin were evaluated after incubation. The results show that percentage of motility was insignificantly increased at concentration of 100 IU.ml catalase. This increase was higher than other examined concentration in all incubation time. The increase in sperm motility had significant difference in concentrations of 100 IU.ml with other concentrations. Other parameters showed no significant difference in all concentrations. Regarding the health of sperm chromatin, low concentrations of catalase had significant effect on this variable. This effect was more in low concentrations than high concentrations. This study showed the use of lower concentrations of antioxidant can improve the sperm parameters and chromatin quality. The low concentrations of catalase led to protection of chromatin and optimisation of sperm parameters.     

Time-related decline in sperm motility patterns in men with cytotoxic antibodies

Sperm motility patterns in semen from 10 fertile nonautoimmune men (fertile control group) and 33 infertile men with various titers of cytotoxic sperm antibodies in their seminal plasma (group 1: titers less than or equal to 16, n = 6; group 2: titers 64 to 512, n = 12; group 3: titers greater than or equal to 1024, n = 15) were evaluated every 2 hours for 12 hours and finally at 24 hours. A significant decline in sperm swimming speed and linearity was observed at 6 hours in semen from 27 infertile men with sperm antibodies. Beginning at 8 hours, semen from sperm antibody-positive men in group 2 showed a significant decline in percentage motile sperm (p less than 0.001) compared to the fertile controls. The percentage motility in semen of donors in groups 1 and 3 was significantly lower than that in semen of fertile donors at 10 hours (p less than 0.05), 12 hours (p less than 0.01), and 24 hours (p less than 0.001). The mean velocity in groups 2 and 3 was significantly less than that in fertile controls at 10 and 12 hours (p less than 0.05). The linearity of sperm motility started to decline 4 hours after semen samples were obtained from sperm antibody-positive groups 2 and 3 in contrast to sperm antibody-negative fertile or infertile groups (p less than 0.05). It is concluded that the presence of cytotoxic sperm antibodies in the seminal plasma adversely affects sperm linearity as early as 4 hours after semen collection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

精液液化不良男子与正常人精浆尿激酶活性的研究

应用琼脂糖－纤维蛋白－平板法和抗尿激酶多克隆抗体的免疫阻断法测定１５名正常生育男子和２０例精液液化不良的不育症男子精浆中尿激酶的活力。结果发现：正常生育组精浆中尿激酶的含量为８４５０±１０５０ＩＵ／Ｌ，液化不良组尿激酶的含量为６４５０±１０５０ＩＵ／Ｌ。与正常生育组比较，尿激酶活性明显降低，两组间差异有极显著性（Ｐ＜０．００１）。提示精浆中尿激酶可能与精液的液化有关联。     

重组人睾丸精子结合蛋白对人精子运动参数的影响

目的:探讨重组人睾丸精子结合蛋白(TSBP)对体外培养人精子运动参数的影响。方法:将22例生育男性的精液经Percoll密度梯度离心后,分别与0.01mg/ml及0.1mg/ml的重组His6-TSBP在体外共同孵育1h或3h,同时设立对照组,Western印迹检测重组His6-TSBP与精子膜的结合情况,计算机辅助精液分析(CASA)系统测定重组His6-TSBP对精子运动参数的影响。将12例弱精子症患者的精液按同样方法处理,检测重组His6-TSBP对弱精子症患者精子运动参数的影响。结果:0.1mg/ml重组His6-TSBP与生育男性精子作用1h可以提高体外培养精子的前向运动百分率(a+b级精子百分率),培养3h后前向运动百分率和活率均有所提高,差异具有显著性(P<0.05);0.01mg/ml重组His6-TSBP对检测各指标均无显著性影响。0.1mg/ml重组His6-TSBP与弱精子症患者精子作用3h可以提高精子前向运动百分率(P<0.05),但对活率无显著影响。结论:0.1mg/ml的重组His6-TSBP在体外可以提高生育男性精子的前向运动百分率和活率及弱精子症患者精子的前向运动百分率。     

Phospholipid composition of human sperm and seminal plasma in relation to sperm fertility

The phospholipid and fatty acid composition of sperm was studied in 8 healthy and 16 infertile men. Infertile men randomly formed from the patients with normal semen parameters according to WHO criterion. Therefore, all semen parameters of infertile patients were similar to the same characteristics of the semen of healthy men, except the abnormal forms. The amount of abnormal forms in infertile men was significantly higher than in healthy men. Sperm from infertile men show a drastic loss of phosphatidyl ethanolamine. At the same time, the significant increase of phosphatidyl serine in the sperm and seminal plasma of sterile patients was found. Lysophosphatidyl serine in the sperm of the infertile men was detected. Fatty acid composition of the semen of infertile men was altered. The levels of stearic and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (eicosopentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids) was dramatically lowered, but the values of some n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (linolenic and docosatetraenoic) acids increased. There was significant positive correlation between docosahexaenoic acid and sperm motility (r = .82, p < .001) and negative correlation between linolenic acid and spermatozoa motility (r = -0.58. p < .05). Infertility of men with normal semen quality can originate from the disorder of sperm lipid metabolism. The drastic loss of phosphatidyl ethanolamine and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids with simultaneous enhancement of phosphatidyl serine and some n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in sperm could be an important cause of male infertility.     

Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator is correlated closely with sperm progressive motility and normal morphology in healthy and fertile men with normal sperm parameters

Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) has been demonstrated to be expressed in mature spermatozoa and correlated with sperm quality. Sperm CFTR expression in fertile men is higher than that in infertile men suffering from teratospermia, asthenoteratospermia, asthenospermia and oligospermia, but it is unknown whether CFTR is correlated with sperm parameters when sperm parameters are normal. In this study, 282 healthy and fertile men with normal semen parameters were classified into three age groups, group (I): age group of 20–29 years (98 cases, 27.1 ± 6.2), group (II): age group of 30–39 years (142 cases, 33.7 ± 2.6) and group (III): age group of more than or equal to 40 years (42 cases, 44.1 ± 4.6). Sperm concentration, total count and progressive motility were analysed by computer‐assisted sperm analysis. Sperm morphology was analysed by modified Papanicolaou staining. Sperm CFTR expression was conducted by indirect immunofluorescence staining. There was a significant positive correlation (P < 0.001) between CFTR expression and sperm progressive motility (r = 0.221) and normal morphology (r = 0.202), but there were no correlations between sperm CFTR expression and semen volume, sperm concentration, sperm total count as well as male age (P > 0.05). Our findings show that CFTR expression is associated with sperm progressive motility and normal morphology in healthy and fertile men with normal sperm parameters, but not associated with the number of spermatozoa and male age.     

男性年龄与精子顶体酶活性及精子DNA碎片指数的相关性分析

目的探讨男性年龄与精子顶体酶活性、精子DNA碎片指数(DFI)的相关性。方法选取2016年1~8月在我院生殖医学中心就诊的436例不育症男性患者为研究对象,所有患者均行精液常规检查、精子顶体酶活性检查和(或)精子DFI分析。将患者按年龄分为<30岁、30~39岁、≥40岁3组,分析各组的精液常规、顶体酶活性及精子核DFI的差异及其相关性。结果不同年龄段患者的体重指数(BMI)、禁欲天数、精液量无显著性差异(P>0.05);年龄≥40岁组患者的前向运动精子百分率、活动精子百分率及精子顶体酶活性显著低于<30岁和30~39岁组(P<0.05);≥40岁组患者的精子DFI显著高于<30岁和30~39岁组(P<0.05)。年龄与前向运动精子百分率及活动精子百分率之间呈负相关(P<0.05),但是相关性较弱。精子顶体酶活性与精子正常形态率、前向运动精子百分率、非前向运动精子百分率、活动精子百分率呈正相关(P<0.05);精子DFI与年龄、禁欲天数、前向运动精子百分率呈正相关(P<0.01),与精液量、精子浓度、活动精子百分率呈负相关(P<0.05);精子顶体酶活性和DFI之间无相关性(P>0.05)。结论年龄增长会导致精液前向运动精子百分率、活动精子百分率、精子顶体酶活性、DFI等参数改变,直接或间接影响男性生育力。说明年龄对男性不育的影响是多方面的,建议有生育需求的大龄(≥40岁)男性尽早进行生育咨询与评估。     

精浆弹性蛋白酶水平与精液主要参数和精子功能的相关性分析

目的:探讨精浆弹性蛋白酶与精液主要参数和指标的关系。方法:用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测精浆中的弹性蛋白酶,按照WHO人类精液实验室手册要求进行精液常规分析、精子形态分析,检测精子顶体酶活性、精浆抗体(AsAb)、解脲支原体等,分析弹性蛋白酶与男性不育相关因素的关系。结果:209例男性不育患者中,43例患者精浆弹性蛋白酶≥290ng/ml,设为炎症组;166例患者精浆弹性蛋白酶<290ng/ml,设为非炎症组。炎症组的精子密度、精子活动率、a+b级活力精子率、精子顶体酶阳性率均低于非炎症组(P<0.05);而精子畸形率、精浆抗体(AsAb)、解脲支原体阳性率均高于非炎症组(P<0.05)。两组的精液量、PH值和液化时间差异无统计学意义。结论:精浆弹性蛋白酶水平与精液质量有密切的关系,生殖道感染是导致男性不育的重要原因。