共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Veronika Best Andreas Riedel Bernd Feige Ludger Tebartz van Elst Dieter Riemann Kai Spiegelhalder 《Somnologie - Schlafforschung und Schlafmedizin》2018,22(4):262-266
Background
Sleep disorders are common in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder. Little is known, however, about sleep in adult patients.Objectives
Cross-sectional analysis of subjective sleep-related parameters in patients with autism spectrum disorder and healthy control participants.Materials and methods
Twenty-nine patients with autism spectrum disorder and 50 healthy control participants were investigated using a questionnaire battery and sleep diaries. All analyses were controlled for depression and anxiety.Results
Patients with autism spectrum disorder had more severe insomnia symptoms, stronger dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep, an increased sleep effort, and a higher cognitive arousal compared to the control group. In addition to this, the sleep diary data showed earlier bedtimes in those with autism spectrum disorder.Conclusions
In patients with autism spectrum disorder, sleep onset and sleep maintenance difficulties seem to be accompanied by cognitive alterations that are typically observed in insomnia patients. In light of this, it appears to be worthwhile to investigate the efficacy of cognitive behavioral treatment for insomnia in this patient group.2.
Tanja Bianca Strube Tina In-Albon Hans-Günter Weeß 《Somnologie - Schlafforschung und Schlafmedizin》2016,20(1):61-66
Background
The dissemination of smartphones among adolescents and young adults is increasing. They are not only used during the day, but also in the evening and at night.Objectives
The goal of the present study is to perform an exploratory survey on adolescents and young adults regarding their use of smartphones in the bedroom. It was hypothesized that the use of smartphones shortens or interrupts sleep and correlates with increased daytime sleepiness and poorer sleep quality.Method
Using an online questionnaire, 148 adolescents and young adults between 14 and 20 years of age were asked about their use of smartphones in the evening and at night, their subjective sleep quality, and daytime sleepiness.Results
The results indicated a high use of smartphones in the last ten minutes before the adolescents and young adults went to bed, keeping the mobile device at or in the bed. Furthermore, an association was found between adolescents being intentionally or unintentionally woken up by smartphone notifications and the subjectively reported daytime sleepiness.Conclusions
The frequent use and handling of the smartphone, as well as the association with daytime sleepiness, indicates a need for education on responsible media contact. Further research is needed on the user profile and the consequences on performance and concentration abilities of adolescents.3.
Ann-Kristin Manhart Sara Hellmann Eckard Hamelmann Angelika A. Schlarb 《Somnologie - Schlafforschung und Schlafmedizin》2016,20(3):212-218
Aim
To systematically review literature investigating sleep quality in children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).Methods
Electronic databases were searched (BASE, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, DIMDI, PsychArticles, PsychInfo, Psychjournals, Psychline, PSYNDEX, Pubmed, Science Direct, Web of Science, Wiley Online Library) by two researchers. Eligible studies were all that studied sleep disorders in the context of IBD in children and adolescents (6–17 years of age).Results
Out of 40 references identified, five studies (all cross-sectional, three of them controlled) were eligible and included in this study. The publications showed that children and adolescents with IBD have significant sleep problems, adding to their impaired quality of life.Conclusion
The published data provide evidence suggesting an impact of IBD and its severity on sleep in children and adolescents. However, with regard to the low methodological quality, the incongruity of the studies concerning outcome measure, and their focus of exploration, further studies are warranted to highlight the interrelationship.4.
Mick Lehmann Erich Seifritz Björn Rasch 《Somnologie - Schlafforschung und Schlafmedizin》2016,20(1):47-53
Background
Emotions modulate memory. It has been suggested that sleep contributes to improved memory of emotional events by preferentially consolidating emotional memories, presumably because of a selective off-line reactivation of information relevant to future behavior.Objectives
We aimed to validate sleep-dependent memory consolidation in a new associative emotional memory paradigm suitable for inducing memory reactivations during sleep. We hypothesized that sleep preferentially might benefit the consolidation of emotional associations independently of their negative vs positive emotional valence.Methods
Seventy-two healthy young participants performed an associative emotional memory task in either the evening or the morning. During the task, they were asked to associate neutrally spoken words to neutral, negative or positive pictures. Cued recall was tested after a 12-h retention interval filled with either night-time sleep or daytime wakefulness.Results
Generally, emotional associations were better remembered than neutral ones. However, we were not able to replicate a selective benefit of sleep on emotional memory. Sleep robustly improved the cued recall performance of all picture types compared with wakefulness, without any modulating influence of emotional arousal or valence.Conclusions
We conclude that the consolidation of explicitly learned associations benefits from sleep, independent of emotional arousal or valence. Selective emotional memory consolidation during sleep may be restricted to non-associative item memory or incidentally learned emotional associations.5.
Background
Chronotype manifestation often has a broad influence on sleep quality. One possible explanation for daytime impairments in evening types is the concept of “social jetlag”. Social jetlag is caused by an incompatibility between circadian preference and the socially accepted rhythm. This can be declared as a social stressor.Objective
The association between chronotype, stress coping, and sleep quality was assessed in a pilot study.Materials and methods
A total of 75 female adults aged 20–41 years participated in the study and completely answered all questions. Various questionnaires including sociodemographic data, information about sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI), chronotype (morningness–eveningness questionnaire, MEQ), and stress coping (Stress Coping Style Questionnaire, SVF78) were applied.Results
Heightened use of maladaptive coping strategies is associated with a reduction in sleep quality. Chronotypes did not differ in terms of sleep quality and the coping strategies used.Conclusion
Maladaptive coping strategy use seems to have a negative influence on sleep quality. Preventive education in adaptive stress coping strategies and avoidance of maladaptive stress coping thus seems useful to reduce these adverse influences on sleep quality.6.
Background
Studies have shown that sleep quality is negatively affected by perfectionism. Moreover, partner- or relationship-oriented perfectionism negatively influences relationship quality.Objective
This paper aims to investigate the association of general perfectionism with sleep quality and relationship quality.Materials and methods
A study assessing perfectionism, sleep quality, and relationship quality was performed via analyzing online questionnaires completed by 489 German adults from the general population.Results
Participants with impaired sleep showed a higher level of maladaptive perfectionism (concern over mistakes and doubts, parental expectations, and criticism) than participants with good sleep, whereby the severity of sleep problems was not determining. Relationship quality is affected by perfectionism. However, this association is mediated by sleep quality.Conclusion
Perfectionism is associated with worse sleep quality but not with worse relationship quality when sleep quality is integrated into the model as a mediator.7.
E. Wessolleck S. Dockter C. P. Eyth S. Lang B. A. Stuck 《Somnologie - Schlafforschung und Schlafmedizin》2016,20(3):182-188
Background
The sleep related breathing disorder subtest of the pediatric sleep questionnaire (PSQ-SRBD) is widely recommended for the diagnosis of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). It consists of 22 items and asks for symptoms in the areas of breathing, daytime sleepiness and behavior.Objective
The aim of this study was to verify the suitability of the test in a cohort of children mainly suffering from hearing and speech developmental disorders.Methodology
Retrospectively, the results of the PSQ-SRBD were collected over a period of 3.5 months from all patients above the age of 1 year. The results were evaluated on single item level and in relation to the total score.Results
Of the 140 questionnaires completed, 12 were not evaluable. The mean age of the children was 5.6 ± 2.9 years and a majority suffered from language impairments, hearing and general developmental disorders. The rate of positive questionnaires with 30.5?% was unexpectedly high. The five most common “yes”- answers came from the behavioral field. Of children with a positive questionnaire, 20.5?% had no “yes” answers in the area of sleep-related respiratory symptoms.Discussion
In the present cohort an unexpectedly high percentage of questionnaires was positive. A disproportionate number of responses from the behavioral domain are answered with “yes”. It can be assumed that in the above mentioned cohort the prevalence of pediatric SRBD is higher than in the general pediatric population. This could indicate an association between pediatric SRBD and specific language impairments. An alternative explanation would be that the questionnaire is not entirely suitable for this cohort, since it has a high proportion of questions in the behavioral area.8.
Nina Landmann Marion Kuhn Christoph Nissen 《Somnologie - Schlafforschung und Schlafmedizin》2016,20(1):30-36
Background
The neurobiological augmentation of psychotherapy has drawn increasing attention in research on psychotherapy over the past years. In this context, the manipulation of sleep with its beneficial effect on memory formation and underlying neuronal plasticity is of particular interest as a non-invasive intervention.Objectives
How do sleep and its selective manipulation influence the effectiveness of psychotherapy and how can sleep be used as an intervention to augment learning processes in psychotherapy?Materials and methods
Important studies that examine the effects of sleep on processes of memory formation and psychotherapy are presented and discussed.Results
Sleep represents a promising approach to augment the effects of psychotherapy. Sleep patterns are relevant both before and after psychotherapy. Another possibility is the manipulation of sleep and associated neuronal processes, e.?g. by transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) or drugs, which might influence learning processes and neuronal plasticity in the context of psychotherapy.Conclusion
Sleep represents a promising approach to augment psychotherapy. Future studies are needed to further unravel the underlying mechanisms and to test whether this approach can be transferred to clinical practice.9.
Angelika A. Schlarb Friederike Lollies Merle Claßen 《Somnologie - Schlafforschung und Schlafmedizin》2016,20(3):199-211
Introduction
Cortisol release is often associated with physiological arousal or perceived stress. Findings in adults as well as in older children and adolescents show that cortisol is also connected to sleep. Furthermore, it is assumed that high-quality sleep is a predictor of regular cortisol release throughout the day.Objective
This review summarizes the current literature on how sleep and cortisol levels are associated in early childhood.Methods
In order to identify studies on sleep and cortisol in young children, a structured literature search was performed in the PsychINFO, PsycARTICLES, PSYNDEX, and Google Scholar databases.Results
A total of 14 studies could be included this review. According to the results of the reviewed publications, daily cortisol release patterns develop within the first 6 months of life. In addition, young children display a cortisol awakening response (CAR) and cortisol levels are influenced by taking naps during the day as well as by the quality of nighttime sleep.Conclusion
After reviewing the recent findings in the literature concerning children from birth up to the age of 5 years, it can be assumed that sleep patterns and sleep are associated with cortisol secretion in early childhood. This finding could be included in the creation and further development of interventional sleep training programs.10.
Background
REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is parasomnia characterized by dream enactment and enabled by disruption of physiological muscle atonia during REM sleep. Over the past few years, diagnostic criteria and the methods used to confirm diagnosis have been updated.Objective
In this review article, the current knowledge regarding RBD diagnosis and treatment is presented.Methods
A selective literature search was carried out.Results and discussion
Although several RBD screening questionnaires have been developed, diagnosis can only be definitely confirmed on the basis of polysomnography. New methods for scoring electromyography (EMG) activity during REM sleep have been proposed during recent years and cutoff values have been established. The latest cutoff values for scoring EMG activity during REM sleep are included in the International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICSD). The cutoff of 27?% muscle activity during REM sleep suggested by the Sleep Innsbruck Barcelona (SINBAR) group was also included in the third edition of the ICSD. The best-researched treatments for RBD are clonazepam and melatonin.11.
Lorenzo Tonetti Marco Fabbri Alex Erbacci Marco Filardi Monica Martoni Vincenzo Natale 《European journal of applied physiology》2015,115(3):579-587
Purpose
This study aimed at examining the effects of 2 weeks of dawn simulation on attentional performance in adolescents.Methods
On the whole, 56 adolescents (24 females and 32 males) took part to the study, with a mean age of 17.68 ± 0.97 years (age ranging between 15 and 20 years). Each adolescent was requested to participate for 5 consecutive weeks and the research design included the baseline and two counterbalanced conditions, dawn simulator and control (no dawn simulator). Attentional performance of adolescents was measured through the attention network test (ANT) that allowed assessing the efficiency of three separable attentional networks, namely alerting, orienting and executive. Overall, participants performed the ANT three times (i.e., one time for each condition), while sleep quality, sleep duration and sleep timing were concurrently monitored by means of actigraphy and were treated as potential confounders.Results
The only improvement of the attentional performance attributable to the use of dawn simulator was observed for the efficiency of alerting network (45.97 ± 32.76 ms) that significantly increased in comparison to the baseline (31.57 ± 26.97 ms) (p < 0.05). On the contrary, the sleep quality, sleep quantity and sleep timing did not significantly change.Conclusion
These results show for the first time that, controlling for sleep quality, sleep duration and sleep timing, the use of dawn simulator across 2 weeks is able to determine an alerting effect in adolescents.12.
Kneginja Richter Lukas Peter Stefanie Kellner Thomas Hillemacher 《Somnologie - Schlafforschung und Schlafmedizin》2018,22(3):194-198
Background
Millions of people share a bed with their partner. Sleep und relationship could possibly influence each other.Objectives
To identify and discuss connections between relationship and sleep quality.Methods
Review of the literature in electronic databases.Results
Conflict and violence in relationships lead to decreases in both partners’ sleep quality. Constructive approaches to resolving conflicts is necessary for good sleep, and vice versa. Women prefer partners with sleep-wake rhythms matching their own and report higher relationship satisfactions when the couple’s chronotypes are compatible.Conclusions
Sleep and circadian rhythms play important roles in relationships. When treating insomnia, the relationship and the partner’s sleep should be taken into account.13.
Background
Extensive changes in the sleeping patterns of a child take place within the baby’s first year of life. Those changes are due to biological processes which are, however, influenced by environmental and parental factors.Objectives
This review aims to establish a connection between child sleep on one hand and parental cognitions, interactive behaviour, psychopathologies and environmental influences on the other hand.Materials and methods
The review includes the analysis of 37 research articles that shed a light on various influential factors on the sleep of a child. Those influential factors are assigned to the model of sleep-wake-regulations.Results
Parental behaviour, in relation with going-to-bed rituals and calming techniques, has a significant influence on child sleep. Higher parental engagement is related to more fragmented sleep of the child. Studies show that parental cognition and psychopathologies, in addition to further influential factors caused by occupation and sleeping problems that are related to screaming and feeding disorders, govern parental sleep-related behaviours and have therefore direct effects on child sleep.Conclusions
Child sleep is highly influenced by parental sleep-related behaviours and should always be viewed in the context of the family. There are reciprocal interactions between the individual members of the family and the aforementioned influential factors on child sleep can serve as essential starting points for suitable interventions. Further research in this field needs to be conducted.14.
Background
A good romantic relationship quality increases resilience against mental and physical health problems. Regarding correlates of relationship quality, research has focused mostly on attachment style and personality traits such as the Big Five.Objective
The current study aims to find further predictors of a good relationship quality, such as sleep, demographics, and the boundary concept.Materials and methods
For the study, 336 subjects were recruited, most of them women (79.76%). Only participants who were in a relationship were included in the analyses (N?=?216). The effects of sleep (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI), demographics, and thin or thick boundaries (Boundary Personality Questionnaire, BPQ) on relationship quality (Partnerschaftsfragebogen—Kurzversion, PFB-K) were assessed using multiple regression.Results
Age and thickness of boundaries were significantly connected with relationship quality. Sleep quality, gender, body mass index, and accommodation were not related to relationship quality.Conclusion
The current study confirms the importance of age and provides new insight into the effects of boundaries in terms of relationship quality. Methodological limitations (e.g., homogenous and healthy sample) might compromise the findings regarding sleep. Future studies should include a more diverse sample and investigate further correlates of the boundary concept.15.
Background and objective
As compared to preceding wakefulness, stage 1 sleep is characterized by elevated slow-wave activity (SWA) that is regarded as the most popular electroencephalographic (EEG) indicator of sleep debt. However, some other indicators did not suggest such elevation until stage 2 sleep. In this paper, a more direct indicator of the signature left by sleep debt in the sleep EEG spectrum named “spectral sleep debt component score” (SDS) was introduced, and its changes throughout three stages of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep were studied.Materials and methods
Records of 9?h night sleep episodes followed by nine 20-min naps (14 females), as well as twelve 20-min naps after either a 7?h sleep or sleep deprivation (18 males) were used for calculation of spectra consisting of 16 single-Hz log-transformed EEG power density values (range 1 to 16 Hz). The 16 weights for calculating SDS from each such spectrum were obtained by subtracting spectra with lower sleep debt from spectra with higher sleep debt (i.?e., the spectra for the last vs. first 100 min of night sleep and for the last vs. first 20-min nap).Results
As expected, SWA started its significant rise already during stage 1 sleep. By contrast, a rise in SDS was delayed until the boundary with stage 2, thus confirming the findings using other indicators of sleep debt.Conclusion
It seems that stage 1 is a transient sleep sub-state that only prepares for, rather than participates in, the sleep debt payment process. Such a conclusion has practical relevance for evaluation of abnormalities of sleep architecture.16.
Background
Sleep enhances memory consolidation. Chronic consumption of 0.4 g alcohol/kg bodyweight has a negative impact on cognitive function. An artificial increase of cortisol during the first half of the night impairs declarative memory consolidation. Alcohol can stimulate cortisol secretion.Objectives
Does the acute consumption of this amount of alcohol have a negative impact on sleep, memory, and secretion of cortisol?Material and methods
In a double-blind randomized cross-over design, 34 healthy young males received 0.4 g alcohol/kg bodyweight or an isotonic transfusion of sodium chloride during early NonREM sleep. Before sleep, they had learned a declarative and a procedural memory task that had to be recalled the next morning when alcohol had levelled off.Results and Conclusions
Alcohol increased cortisol secretion in the early night and resulted in an attenuated cortisol awakening response. In addition, latencies for REM and sleep stage 4 and the time spent in sleep stage 1 and wake states were increased. Subjects felt less refreshed in the morning after alcohol transfusion, but memory recall was unchanged. Alcohol at a moderate dose thus had a negative impact on cortisol rhythm and some sleep parameters, but this effect was not strong enough to influence overnight memory consolidation.17.
18.
Sheila N. Garland Samantha R. M. Scurrey Michelle Ploughman The Health Lifestyle Aging with MS Canadian Consortium 《International journal of behavioral medicine》2017,24(6):937-945
Purpose
Canada has the highest rate of multiple sclerosis (MS) in the world. Sleep disturbance in individuals with MS is approximately four times higher than in the general population. This is concerning given that poor sleep quality negatively affects one’s mental and physical well-being. The objectives of this study are (1) to document the prevalence of sleep problems in a Canadian sample of older individuals living with MS, (2) to identify demographic and clinical factors associated with poor sleep, and (3) to investigate the potential impact of possible sleep-promoting and sleep-interfering medications.Method
This study is a secondary analysis of sleep and related variables from the Canadian survey of health, lifestyle, and aging with multiple sclerosis study. The survey consists of 743 Canadians 55 years or older with a diagnosis of MS. We asked participants, “In the past 2 weeks, how much have you been bothered by problems sleeping?”Results
Overall, 43% of patients with MS reported problems sleeping. The strongest associations were found between poor sleep and number of comorbidities, clinically significant anxiety, and a greater perceived impact of physical symptoms of MS on functioning.Conclusion
Sleep problems are prevalent in individuals with MS. Individuals who had clinically significant levels of anxiety were roughly two times more likely to have trouble sleeping when compared to individuals without anxiety. Efforts should focus on early identification and effective interventions for poor sleep in individuals living with MS.19.
Background
Exercise has been found to be associated with improved sleep quality. However, most of the evidence is based on resistance exercise, walking, or gym-based aerobic activity.Purpose
This study aimed to examine the effects of an 8-week aquatic exercise program on objectively measured sleep parameters among older adults with mild sleep impairment.Methods
A total of 67 eligible older adults with sleep impairment were selected and randomized to exercise and control groups, and 63 participants completed the study. The program involved 2?×?60-min sessions of aquatic exercise for 8 weeks. Participants wore wrist actigraphs to assess seven parameters of sleep for 1 week before and after the intervention. Mixed-design analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess the differences between groups in each of the sleep parameters.Results
No significant group differences on demographic variables, life satisfaction, percentage of body fat, fitness, seated blood pressure, and any parameter of sleep were found at baseline. Significant group?×?time interaction effects were found in sleep onset latency, F(1,58)?=?6.921, p?=?.011, partial eta squared?=?.011, and in sleep efficiency, F(1, 61)?=?16.909, p?<?0.001, partial eta squared?=?.217. The exercise group reported significantly less time on sleep onset latency (mean difference?=?7.9 min) and greater sleep efficiency (mean difference?=?5.9 %) than the control group at posttest. There was no significant difference between groups in change of total sleep time, wake after sleep onset, activity counts, or number and length of awakenings.Conclusions
An 8-week aquatic exercise has significant benefits on some sleep parameters, including less time for sleep onset latency and better sleep efficiency in older adults with mild sleep impairment.20.