HLA组特异性PCR及DNA测序确认新基因HLA-A*110202

目的:用HLA组特异性PCR扩增,DNA测序方法确认新等位基因。方法:用SSO(序列特异性寡核苷酸探针)反向流式荧光微珠法对标本62011550进行常规HL-A、B、DRB1分型检测,A位点反应格局清晰而无法给出确切分型结果,对该基因扩增2、3外显子,以此为模板采用组特异性引物区分杂合子,分别对杂合子2、3外显子测序,将测序结果与已知的基因序列进行比较。结果:测序得到A*1102v(1102的变异体)序列与已知序列比对发现,在第2对外显子215出现C>A,导致第75密码子GGA>AGA,未引起氨基酸改变(R>R),该序列为新的HLA序列,经向WHO HLA因子命名委员会申报确定为HLA-A 110202,注册号HWS.10003507-DQ3544411(www.ebi.ac.uk/imgt/hla)结论:DNA测序是HLA分型的最直接准确方法,常用于新基因的发现,用组特异性引物区分杂合子进而进行测序简便易行,避免了基因克隆操作。     

HLA基因DRB1*150106的发现及家系调查分析

目的:用DNA测序的方法确定新的HLA等位基因,调查分析该基因的遗传情况。方法:用SSO流式荧光微技术HLA分型技术进行HLA-A、B、DRB1中低分辨查测对疑为新基因的样本用DNA测序方法确定新的基因,并对该新基因携带者家系调查。结果:用流式荧光微珠法HLA分型检测出现无法解释的结果,怀疑为新的基因序列,经对怀疑为新基因第二外显子进行测序分析,确定为新的基因序列,与之相近序列等位基因DRB1*150101相比,在2外显子164 A>T,家系分析该新基因来自受检者母亲一方。结论:该新基因已由WHO HLA因子命名委员会注册,命名为DRB1*150106(DQ514601、HW10003803),该新基因的产生机制及生物等功能有待进一步研究。     

新等位基因HLA-A*0323的认定

目的 认定一个人类白细胞抗原(HLA)新等位基因.方法 应用多聚酶链反应-序列特异性寡核苷酸技术(polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific oligonucleotide,PCR-SSO)基因分型发现可能的HLA新等位基因.用PCR直接测序及针对组特异性扩增产物测序.确认与最同源HL～等位基因序列的差异.结果 发现一个样本的HLA-A位点结果异常.其核苷酸序列与已知所有HLA-A位点等位基因序列不一致,与同源性最高的等位基因A*030103差异是在第2外显子区域的256位碱基发生了C→C的替换,257位碱基发生了A→C的替换.270位碱基发生了T→A的替换,导致相应的62位密码子由CAG→GGG,编码的氨基酸由谷氨酰胺(Gln)→甘氨酸(Gly),导致相应的66位密码子由AAT→AAA.编码的氨基酸由天冬氨酸(Asn)→赖氨酸(Lys).结论 该等位基因为HLA-A位点的一个新等位基因.2006年7月13日被WH0 HLA因子命名委员会正式命名为HLA-A*0323.     

HLA新等位基因B*4086的确认及家系调查

 目的 识别和鉴定HLA新等位基因B*4086,调查分析该基因的遗传情况。方法 应用聚合酶反应-序列特异性寡核苷酸探针（PCR-sequence specific oligonucleotide primer,PCR-SSOP）技术对中华骨髓库志愿捐献者血样进行HLA分型,发现1例HLA-B疑似新等位基因,用DNA测序技术鉴定新等位基因并对该基因的携带者进行家系调查。结果 经DNA测序确定为HLA新基因序列,该基因与 HLA-B*40060101相比,第3外显子419位碱基由A→T,导致相应的140位密码子编码的氨基酸由酪氨酸（Tyr）→苯丙氨酸（Phe）。家系分析表明该新基因来自携带者母亲一方。结论 DNA测序表明被测样本含有HLA-B新等位基因,于2008年2月被世界卫生组织HLA因子命名委员会正式命名为HLA-B*4086,该新基因遗传于先证者母亲。     

中华骨髓库河南省捐献者HLA-A、B、DRB1基因频率及单倍型检测

目的:调查分析河南省造血干细胞捐献者人类白细胞抗原(HLA)基因A、B、DRB1多态性和单倍型频率.方法:采用国际通用的4种DNA基因分型技术(聚合酶链反应-序列特异性引物(PCR-SSP)、SSO 杂交条技术、SSO荧光微珠流式分行法、SSO正向杂交DNA基因芯片)对24 930名干细胞捐献者的血样进行HLA基因频率及单倍型分析.结果与结论:共检出等位基因:A位点20个, B位点 35个,DRB1位点13个;较常见单倍型及频率为:A*30B*13DRB1*07(0.064 070)、A*02B46*DRB1*09(0.021 900)、A*33B*58DRB1*03(17)(0.012 767)、A*33B*44DRB1*13(0.011 318)、A*02B*13DRB1*12(0.011 021).     

ALDH2基因第12外显子(G/A)多态性在北京汉族人群的检测

目的了解与酒精代谢密切相关的乙醛脱氢酶2(ALDH2)基因第12外显子G/A多态性在北京汉族人群的分布。方法采集102名无相关个体末稍血,提取DNA。用等位基因特异引物PCR方法,扩增靶等位基因DNA片段。结果ALDH2*1和ALDH2*2等位基因的频率分别为:0.89和0.11。ALDH2*1/ALDH2*1;ALDH2*1/ALDH2*2;ALDH2*2/ALDH2*2三种基因型频率分别为:0.79,0.20,0.01。χ2检验表明,检测样本分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律(P>0.05)。杂合度(H):0.34。结论北京地区汉族人群ALDH2*2等位基因频率低于洛阳汉族人群,而日本人群的该等位基因频率明显高于中国人群。     

扩张型心肌病与δ-肌聚糖基因突变

目的 :探讨中国人扩张型心肌病患者中δ-肌聚糖 (δ- sarcoglycan,SGCD)基因的突变情况。方法 :通过聚合酶链反应 -单链构象多态性分析 ,结合 DNA测序 ,对 60例扩张型心肌病患者和 60例对照 SGCD基因的所有 9个外显子进行分析。结果 :该基因外显子 9m发现 3种类型的单链构象多态性图谱 ;DNA测序证实其中一种为正常野生型 ,另外两种为832 G/A和 848A/G突变杂合子。 832 G/A突变 ( 2 78Ala→ Thr)仅在对照组检出 1例 ,对照组 A等位基因频率 0 .0 0 8;848A/G突变 ( 2 83Gln→ Arg)共检出 5例 ,G等位基因频率在扩张型心肌病组和对照组中差异无显著性 ( P>0 .2 5 ) ,对照组 G等位基因频率 0 .0 33。结论 :发现 SGCD基因 2个新的突变位点 ;未能证实这 2个位点的突变与扩张型心肌病相关     

焦磷酸测序技术快速测定肾移植受体人群CYP3A5*3基因多态性方法的建立

目的 建立基于焦磷酸测序技术(Pyrosequencing)肾移植受体CYP3A5*3基因多态性的简单、快速、准确、高通量的检测方法.方法 提取221例肾移植受体和200例健康人外周血基因组DNA,应用PyroMark ID焦磷酸测序仪进行焦磷酸测序,采用Sanger法DNA测序作为标准对照,观察分析焦磷酸测序法的可靠性,并分析肾移植受体人群CYP3A5*3多态性的分布.结果 建立了基于焦磷酸测序技术的CYP3AS*3基因多态性检测新方法,实现了DNA标本的快速、可靠、高通量检测,经重复性检测和Sanger标准法DNA测序可靠性检测,用焦磷酸测序技术检测CYP3A5*3多态性的突变检出率及重复率均达100%.221例肾移植受体CYP3AS*3基因型分布:*1/*1型为23例(10.4%),*1/*3型为89例(40.3%),*3/*3型为109例(49.3%),与正常人群比较等位基因分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡.结论 与传统的测序方法相比,焦磷酸测序法能够简单、快速、准确地测定肾移植受体CYP3A5*3基因型,适合临床推广应用.     

江苏地区骨髓库志愿者HLA-B*15组基因多态性研究及临床意义

目的:调查江苏骨髓库志愿者HLA-B*15等位基因的分布特征,研究其可能对临床供体选择的影响以及相关疾病.方法:利用聚合酶链反应-碱基序列直接测序(PCR-SBT)方法对3 238例江苏人群HLA-B位点的2、3、4外显子序列进行分型,计算HLA-B*15等位基因频率,并与不同人群进行比较.结果:本研究中检出的21种H...     

用焦磷酸微测序技术进行HLA-DRB基因型分析

目的:探索应用焦磷酸微测序技术进行HLA-DRB基因型分析. 方法:PCR扩增外显子2基因片段后,应用焦磷酸微测序技术进行实时测序和HLA-DRB基因分型. 结果:磷酸微测序反应可以判读HLA-DRB基因的多态性位点,最长可判读90个核苷酸,采用特异性等位基因和PCR反应所得到的纯化DNA对血样中的杂合子进行分析,测序结果与HLA数据库基因序列比较,可准确进行HLA-DRB基因型分析. 结论:用焦磷酸微测序技术进行HLA-DRB基因型分析具有高分辨率的优点,该方法可应用于临床器官移植的供体/受体筛查.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.     

Possible Spread of adenovirus type 3 from poultry to humans ：indirect evidence from an outbreak in China

Objective:To explore the epidemiology and etiology for an outbreak of acute respiratory tract infection that occurred in one county of Jiangsu Province, China 2004. Methods: Only cases meeting the case definition were included in the study. We reviewed the medical records of the cases who were admitted to the local hospitals, interviewed cases by a standard questionnaire, and then described the epidemiotogic features and analyzed risk factors by means of a case-control study. We collected pharyngeal swab specimens and sent them to different laboratories for isolation and culture. The laboratory used different detection methods such as DIP, PCR, electron microscope examination and microneutralization assay, to identify and then type the positive specimens. Results:A total of 871 cases were reported during the period from April 18 to July 4,2004. The distribution of onset times presented two peaks, one in late May and another in middle June. The epidemic occurred mainly in the elementary and junior high schools in ten townships of one county, and the mean age of the cases was 12 years (range 7 months to 18 years). The course of the disease was acute, and was characterized by fever accompanied with sore throat and tonsillitis. The WBC count of cases was normal or elevated. The mean duration of illness was 5 days (range 2 to 12 days). No fatalities from illness were reported. A case-control study indicated that the possible risk factors were close contact with a case and/or poultry before onset and sharing of towels among members of the family. The typical CPE was observed through inoculating pharyngeal swab specimens into the HEP-2 cell cultures in different laboratories. An infection of adenovirus type 3 was verified by detecting positive specimens in different methods. Conclusion:This investigation demonstrated that the acute respiratory infection in cases was caused by adenovirus type 3. Cases occurred in over 70 schools in ten townships in 2004, and the route of transmission was possibly close contact with cases or droplet transmission.