青春发育期体重正常与肥胖儿童身体成分指数比较

目的比较青春发育期体重正常和肥胖儿童青少年非脂肪组织指数(FFMI)和脂肪组织指数(FMI)及其随年龄变化趋势和性别差异,为肥胖儿童体重控制及其效果评价提供基础数据。方法选择北京市7~15岁体重正常和肥胖儿童356名,不同性别各年龄组约10人,采用双能X线吸收法(DEXA)测定身体成分,计算FFMI和FMI。结果7~15岁肥胖儿童FFMI和FMI均随年龄增长而增加,且高于同性别、同年龄组体重正常儿童,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。7~15岁肥胖儿童FMI与BMI呈高度正相关(P<0.05),相关系数大于体重正常儿童;肥胖儿童FFMI与BMI呈中度正相关(P<0.05),肥胖男生相关系数随年龄增长有上升趋势。7~8岁肥胖女生FMI和FFMI与身高相关性均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。13~15岁肥胖儿童FMI和FFMI呈正相关关系,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论肥胖儿童与体重正常儿童相比,有FFMI高、FMI高、BMI高和脂肪百分比高的特点。在同一脂肪百分比范围内,不同年龄的FFMI和FMI交点可跨越多个BMI。FFMI和FMI是肥胖儿童的体重研究中值得应用的监测指标。     

青春发育期儿童非脂肪组织和脂肪组织指数变化分析

目的分析青春发育期体重正常儿童青少年非脂肪组织指数(FFMI)和脂肪组织指数(FMI)随年龄变化特点及其性别差异,为预防和控制儿童青少年肥胖的研究提供依据。方法选择7~15岁体重正常儿童180名,每性别、年龄组约10名,采用双能量X线吸收法(DEXA)测定身体成分,根据公式FFMI(kg.m-2)=FFM(kg)/身高(m)2,FMI(kg.m-2)=FM(kg)/身高(m)2计算FFMI和FMI。结果7~15岁男、女生FFMI随年龄增加而增加,男生青春期FFMI增长加速,且增加总量是女生的2倍;7~15岁男生FMI先增后降,女生一直呈上升趋势,女生FMI增加总量是男生的2倍。男生身高与FMI相关性差,11~15岁与FFMI呈显著正相关;女生身高7~10岁与FMI呈显著正相关,9~10岁与FFMI呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。男、女生BMI与FMI均呈显著正相关,男生相关系数大于女生;13~15岁男生和7~15岁女生BMI与FFMI呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。结论男生BMI随年龄增长而增加主要来自FFMI的增加,尤其是青春期男生;而女生BMI的增长同时来自FFMI和FMI的增加。     

青岛市中小学生体成分与血压的相关性分析

目的 分析儿童青少年脂肪组织指数(FMI)和非脂肪组织指数(FFMI)与血压的关系,为心血管病的早期预防和干预提供依据。方法 以青岛市参加2014年全国学生体质与健康调研的4 469名7~17岁儿童青少年为研究对象,测量其身高、体重、血压及皮脂厚度等指标,用长岭晋吉公式和Brozek公式估算体脂百分含量(BF%),并计算FMI和FFMI。按照中国儿童青少年血压参考标准判定血压偏高与否,采用t检验和多因素线性回归分析等方法进行分析。结果 血压正常组学生的上臂皮脂厚度、肩甲下角皮脂厚度及腹部皮脂厚度以及BMI、FMI、FFMI均低于血压偏高组学生(P均<0.01);多因素分析显示,肩甲下角皮脂厚度、FMI及FFMI对收缩压的影响具有统计学意义,肩甲下角皮脂厚度和FFMI对舒张压的影响具有统计学意义。结论 FMI及FFMI相对于BMI可以作为儿童青少年高血压更合适的预测指标。从儿童青少年开始控制BMI,FMI的增长,是预防成年期高血压的关键。     

儿童青少年身体成分与身体素质的关系

  目的  了解儿童青少年体脂率(FM%)、体脂指数(FMI)、去脂体质量指数(FFMI)和体质量指数(BMI)与身体素质的关联性,为探讨身体成分指标对儿童青少年体育锻炼程度的潜在价值提供参考。  方法  数据来源于2013年教育部国家学生体质健康标准修订北京地区样本,采用Inbody 230对北京市4 069名6~20岁儿童青少年进行身体成分测定,用四分位数法将FM%、FMI、FFMI和BMI分别分成4组,用GraphPad Prism 8.0软件对4组的体测成绩进行差异性分析。  结果  男生FM%(20.03±10.39)和FMI[(4.35±2.84)kg/m2]均小于女生,而FFMI[(14.21±4.95)kg/m2]和BMI[(20.31±4.27)kg/m2]均大于女生(t值分别为-13.36,-7.66,11.49,8.16,P值均 < 0.01)。在男生中随着FM%和FMI增加,50 m跑、1 000 m跑、立定跳远和引体向上的成绩呈下降趋势; 随着FFMI增加,50 m跑、立定跳远和引体向上成绩有上升趋势。在女生中,随着FM%和FMI增加,50 m跑时间逐渐缩短,800 m跑时间逐渐增长;FFMI越大50 m跑时间呈现出下降趋势,而在800 m跑中未见FFMI的显著趋势性。4个体成分指标对于坐位体前屈和1 min仰卧起坐无明显预测作用。  结论  FM%、FMI、FFMI和BMI对于儿童青少年身体素质有很好的预测作用。FFMI较高、FM%和FMI较低者在肌肉爆发力、肌肉耐力、柔韧性、有氧能力、无氧能力方面有更好表现,且这种趋势在男生中更为明显。     

济南市7岁儿童BMI及体成分与血压水平的相关性分析

目的阐明儿童期BMI及体成分指数与血压水平的相关性,为成年期疾病的早期预防提供相关依据。方法对济南市910名7岁儿童进行身高、体重、血压和皮褶厚度测量,采用回归方程推算体脂比(BF%),计算脂肪组织指数(FMI)和非脂肪组织指数(FFMI)。结果 BMI,BF%,FMI,FFMI与收缩压和舒张压均呈一定程度正相关(P值均0.05),血压与FMI的相关性高于FFMI。高BMI、BF%百分位数组儿童的血压水平均显著高于低百分位数组(P值均0.05)。血压偏高的检出率为肥胖组超重组正常组消瘦组。结论儿童BMI及体成分指数与血压水平有显著的相关性。预防儿童高血压应从控制体脂肪、预防肥胖做起。     

山东省儿童脂肪组织和非脂肪组织指数对血压水平的影响

目的分析群体儿童脂肪组织指数(FMI)和非脂肪组织指数(FFMI)分布对血压的影响,为成年期疾病的早期预防提供依据。方法利用2005年山东省学生体质健康调研资料,对4 321名7～12岁儿童进行身高、体重、血压和皮褶厚度测量,采用回归方程推算体脂比(BF%),并计算脂肪组织指数(FMI)和非脂肪组织指数(FFMI)。将个体的收缩压(SBP)和舒张压(DBP)转化为Z分,用标准离差法分析7～12岁青少年FMI和FFMI分布与血压水平的关联性。结果 FMI、FFMI的Z分与收缩压、舒张压的Z分存在显著正相关(P值均<0.01)。血压偏高检出率随FMI,FFMI百分位数的上升而升高,男、女生分别由FMI相似文献   

山东省7～12岁儿童体成分指数1995-2005年变化趋势分析

目的分析1995-2005年山东省7～12岁儿童体成分指数变化趋势,为控制青少年超重和肥胖提供依据。方法依据1995和2005年山东省学生体质健康调研资料,根据皮褶厚度推算体脂比,计算脂肪组织指数（FMI）和非脂肪组织指数（FFMI）。结果在1995-2005年的10a间,山东省7～12岁儿童BMI,FMI,FFMI都出现明显增长,FMI增长速度最快,儿童BMI的增长主要是FMI的增长。结论1995-2005年山东省儿童体成分指数发生明显变化,FMI和FFMI是体重研究中值得应用的监测指标。     

中小学生不同营养指数的年龄曲线特征及其与血压脉搏相关性分析

目的 明确中小学生不同营养指数的年龄曲线特征及其与血压脉搏相关性。 方法 应用SPSS软件对2017年苏州市中小学生体检结果进行统计分析,分析不同年龄营养指数(BMI、Quetelet、Rohrer)均数,观察不同营养指数的年龄曲线特征;通过不同营养指数与血压脉搏的相关分析,观察其关联度。 结果 BMI、Quetelet指数均值随年龄增长而上升;Rohrer指数均值6岁开始随年龄增长而下降,低点在13岁,14开始随年龄增长而上升,呈“V”型走势。身高体质量及不同营养指数与血压皆呈正相关(P<0.01),BMI、Quetelet指数与脉搏负相关(P<0.01),Rohrer指数与脉搏正相关(P<0.01)。 结论 BMI、Quetelet指数的年龄曲线特征与经典描述一致,Rohrer指数的年龄曲线特征与经典描述不一致。超重肥胖是高血压危险因素,不同营养指数与血压皆呈正相关(收缩压比舒张压关联度更高),其关联度由高到低排列为:Quetelet、BMI、Rohrer。不同营养指数与脉搏相关分析结果不一致。     

青春发育期肥胖儿童与体重正常儿童身体成分的变化

目的比较青春发育期体重正常和肥胖儿童青少年身体成分、非脂肪组织指数（fat-free mass index，FFMI）和脂肪组织指数（fat mass index，FMI）及其随年龄变化趋势和性别差异。方法选择7～15岁体重正常和肥胖儿童356名，每组各性别、年龄约10名，采用DEXA法测定身体成分，根据公式FFMI（kg&#183;m^-2）=非脂肪组织（FFM）（kg）／身高（m）^2，FMI（kg&#183;m^-2）=脂肪组织（FM）（kg）／身高（m）^2计算FFMI和FMI。结果各年龄组男、女生肥胖儿童身体成分中脂肪组织和去脂肪组织的实测值均高于体重正常儿童（P〈0．05）。7～15岁肥胖儿童FFMI和FMI均随年龄增长而增加，并高于同性别、同年龄组体重正常儿童，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论肥胖儿童脂肪组织、去脂肪组织含量、FFMI、FMI，与体重正常儿童存在差异，男女间差异明显；FFMI和FMI是肥胖儿童的体重管理中值得应用的监测指标。     

儿童青少年身体脂肪含量和非脂体重的变化分析

目的:分析儿童、青少年身体脂肪含量(FM)和去脂全重(FFM)及其随年龄变化特点及性别差异。方法选择7～15岁体重正常的儿童180名,男、女及每个年龄组各约10名,采用双能 X 线吸收测量法(DEXA)测量身体成分。根据公式 FFMI(kg·m~2,去脂体重指数)=FFM(kg)/身高~2(m~2)和 FMI(kg·m~2,脂肪含量指数)=FM(kg)/身高~2(m~2),计算 FFMI 和 FMI。结果 7～13岁儿童 FM 及全身脂肪含量占体重百分比随年龄增加而增加,13岁以后有所下降,女高于男。7～15岁男、女儿童 FFMI 随年龄增加而增加,男生青春期 FFMI 增长加速,增加总量为女生的2倍,7～15岁男生 FMI 先增后降,女生则一直呈上升趋势,女生 FMI 增加总量为男生的2倍。男生身高与 FMI 相关性差,11～15岁男生的身高与 FFMI 呈显著性正相关。7～10岁女生身高与 FMI 呈显著性正相关,9～10岁女生的身高与 FFMI 呈显著性正相关(P<0.05)。男、女儿童的 BMI 与 FMI 均呈显著性正相关,男生相关系数大于女生。13～15岁男生和7～15岁女生的BMI 与 FFMI 呈显著性正相关(P<0.05)。结论青春期前后儿童脂肪含量及分布随年龄而变化,男女差异有显著性。男性脂肪向分布加速期发生在12岁,女性在10岁。男生 BMI 随年龄增长而增加,主要为 FFMI 的增加,尤其是青春期男生。女生 BMI 的增长为 FFMI 和 FMI 的同时增加。     

山东省4326名7～1 2岁儿童体成分指数与血压水平的相关性研究

目的 探讨儿童体成分指数与血压水平的相关性.方法 对4326名7～12岁儿童进行身高、体重、血压和皮褶厚度测量,采用回归方程推算体脂比(BF%),用公式计算脂肪组织指数(FMI)=BF%×体重/身高2和非脂肪组织指数(FFMI)=(体重-BF%×体重)/身高2.结果 FMI、FFMI与收缩压(SBP)和舒张压(DBP)呈一定程度正相关,7～12岁儿童FMI与SBP的相关系数为0.432～0.531(男生)、0.413～0.485(女生),与DBP的相关系数为0.316～0450(男生)、0.345～0.421(女生).FFMI与SBP的相关系数为0.214～0.366(男生)、0.108～0.383(女生);与DBP的相关系数为0.090～0.250(男生)、0.063～0.214(女生).血压与FMI的相关性高于FFMI.血压偏高儿童的体成分指数显著高于正常儿童,以FMI差距最大.结论 预防儿童高血压应从控制体脂肪、预防肥胖做起.     

Once-Weekly Semaglutide Induces an Early Improvement in Body Composition in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A 26-Week Prospective Real-Life Study

Background: Body weight (BW) loss is an essential therapeutic goal in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists are effective in reducing BW, but their effect on body composition has not yet been fully explored. The study aim was to assess the impact of Semaglutide on body composition in patients with T2D. Methods: Forty patients with T2D were treated with subcutaneous Semaglutide and evaluated at the baseline (T0) and after three (T3) and six (T6) months. Body composition was assessed by a phase-sensitive bioimpedance analyzer. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) thickness was also measured with an ultrasonographic method (US-VAT). Anthropometric variables, muscular strength, and laboratory tests were analyzed and compared. Results: A significant decrease in VAT, the fat mass index (FMI), and BW loss was observed at all observation times. US-VAT, the skeletal mass index (SMI), the fat-free mass index (FFMI), waist circumferences, and glycated hemoglobin had lessened after three months and remained stable at T6. No variations in muscle strength, the muscle quality index, and body water were found. Discussion: In a real-life setting, Semaglutide provided significant weight loss mainly due to a reduction in the FMI and VAT, with non-clinically relevant changes in the SMI, the FFMI, and muscle strength. Most importantly, the results were obtained after three months of treatment and persisted thereafter.     

Associations between birth weight and later body composition: evidence from the 4-component model

BACKGROUND: Higher birth weight is associated with higher body mass index, traditionally interpreted as greater fatness or obesity, in later life. However, its relation with individual body-composition components and fat distribution remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: We investigated associations between birth weight and later fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), and fat distribution. DESIGN: Body composition was assessed by the criterion 4-component model in 391 healthy children [mean (+/-SD) age, 11.7 +/- 4.2 y; 188 boys]. FM and FFM were adjusted for height (FMI = FM/height(2); FFMI = FFM/height(2)) and were expressed as SD scores (SDS). Findings were compared between the 4-component and simpler methods. RESULTS: Birth weight was positively associated with height in both sexes and was significantly positively associated with FFMI in boys, equivalent to a 0.18 SDS (95% CI: 0.04, 0.32) increase in FFMI per 1 SDS increase in birth weight. These associations were independent of puberty, physical activity, social class, ethnicity, and parental body mass index. Birth weight was not significantly related to percentage fat, FMI, or trunk FMI in either sex. Equivalent analyses using simpler methods showed a trend for a positive relation between birth weight and FMI in boys that became nonsignificant after adjusting for confounders. CONCLUSIONS: FFMI in later life in males is influenced by birth weight, a proxy for prenatal growth, but evidence for fetal programming of later FM or central adiposity is weak. Different body-composition techniques and data interpretation can influence results and should be considered when comparing studies.     

Increased length of hospital stay in underweight and overweight patients at hospital admission: a controlled population study

BACKGROUND: Reduced lean tissue as well as high fat mass may be independent nutritional risk factors resulting in increased length of hospital stay (LOS). This controlled population study (1707 patients, 1707 volunteers) aimed to evaluate the association between LOS in Geneva and Berlin patients at hospital admission and high fat mass index (FMI, kg/m2) and low fat-free mass index (FFMI, kg/m2), and the respective value of body mass index (BMI) and of FFMI and FMI for nutritional assessment. METHODS: Patients (891 men, 816 women) were prospectively recruited at hospital admission and compared to gender-, age- and height-matched healthy volunteers. Fat-free mass and fat mass, determined at admission by 50 kHz-bioelectrical impedance analysis, were expressed as indices (FFMI and FMI-kg/m2) to normalize for height. Patients were classified in four groups: normal, low FFMI, high FMI, or low FFMI and high FMI. Logistic regressions were used to determine the association between body composition and LOS. RESULTS: Higher FMI and lower FFMI were found in patients at hospital admission than in sex- and age-matched healthy volunteers. Low FFMI, high FMI, and low FFMI/high FMI combined, adjusted for age, were all significantly associated with longer LOS (high FFMI: 1-5 days OR 2.4, CI 2.0-2.9; 6-10 days OR 2.3, CI 1.8-3.0; 11 days OR 2.8, CI 2.2-3.5); low FMI: 1-5 days OR 1.9, CI 1.6-2.2; 6-10 days OR 2.7, CI 2.0-3.5, 11 days OR 2.1, CI 1.7-2.7; low FFMI/high FMI: 1-5 days OR 7.8, CI 5.3-11.4; 6-10 days OR 13.6, CI 7.8-23.5, 11 days OR 11.8, CI 7.0-19.8). CONCLUSION: Increased LOS is associated with adiposity (high FMI) and low muscle mass (low FFMI). The current study shows that both depletion of lean tissue and excess of fat mass negatively affect the LOS. Finally, we found that excess fat mass reduces the sensitivity of BMI to detect nutritional depletion.     

学龄儿童握力水平与体成分的相关性研究

目的 研究学龄儿童青少年体成分与握力的相关性,对学龄肥胖儿童干预过程中维持合适的体成分具有重要意义。方法 2018年对北京市15 118名6~16岁学龄儿童进行问卷调查(生活方式、膳食、运动)、生物电阻抗体成分检测和优势手握力检测,并采用偏相关、多元线性回归对握力与体成分指标的相关性进行分析。结果 北京市儿童青少年的握力水平随年龄增长逐渐升高,男童正常体重组握力水平由6~8岁组的(9.7±2.6)kg增长到15~16岁组的(40.0±7.1)kg,女童正常体重组由6~8岁组的(8.9±2.6)kg增长到15~16岁组的(25.0±4.4)kg,与上肢骨骼肌质量指数变化趋势一致;男生高于女生;调整相关因素后,瘦体重质量指数及上肢骨骼肌质量指数与握力水平均呈正相关(男童:r=0.597,0.258;女童:r=0.424,0.102,P<0.05)。结论 握力可反映骨骼肌水平变化趋势。增加瘦体重,减少脂肪可提高握力水平。     

Change of body composition over an eight year period among Japanese university students

This study examined the change of body composition in Japanese university students. Subjects were university students divided into two groups by sex for two different time periods: 67 males and 46 females for 1986-1987 and 47 males and 64 females for 1994-1995. Body height, weight, and underwater weight were measured to estimate the percentage of body fat. The fat mass index (FMI) was applied after adjusting fat mass and the fat-free mass index (FFMI) applied after adjusting fat-free mass for body physique by dividing (body height)2. The mean body mass index (BMI) increased from 1986-1987 to 1994-1995 in males and decreased in females, although there were no statistical differences between two time periods in both sexes. The FMI indicates that in 1994-1995 males had significantly more fat adjusted for body height than in 1987. Females in 1994-1995 had significantly less FFMI than those in 1986 despite FMI similar to that of 1986. Our results thus warn against a trend toward excessive thinness in collegiate females and insufficiency of evaluating body composition using the BMI alone.