Absence of combined effects of anemia and bilateral surgical status on inpatient rehabilitation outcomes following total knee arthroplasty

Purpose.?To examine the effects of anemia on inpatient rehabilitation outcomes following unilateral and bilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Method.?This was a multicenter, retrospective study from 15 inpatient rehabilitation facilities. Patients (N?=?5421) with very low hematocrit (Hct?<30%), low Hct (30–36% women, 30–41% men), or normal Hct (>36% women, 41% men) were included. Inpatient rehabilitation occurred following TKA. Functional independence measure (FIM) scores, length of stay (LOS), itemized hospital charges, discharge destination were main outcomes.

Results.?LOS was 13% longer and hospital charges were 12.5–18.0% higher in the very low Hct than remaining groups (p?=?0.0001). The FIM score and subscores for walking, stair climbing, bathing, transfers, and dressing changes were comparable for all Hct groups for the overall score. Hct?<30% did not correspond to worse outcomes in patients with bilateral surgeries compared with unilateral surgeries; total FIM scores improved 47–53% across all Hct groups, regardless of bilateral surgical status. Discharge to home ranged 92.6–94.7% across all Hct groups (p?>?0.05).

Conclusions.?Rehabilitation teams can expect comparable functional improvements and discharge to home in anemic and non-anemic patients with either unilateral or bilateral surgeries without hematologic correction in the rehabilitation setting, but might need an additional day to accomplish these outcomes.     

Effective exercise intervention period for improving body function or activity in patients with knee osteoarthritis undergoing total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background

Various systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses examining the effects of pre- or postoperative exercise on body function or activity in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) have been published. However, the interventional period needed to at least improve outcomes is unknown.

综合疼痛护理干预对全膝关节置换术后患者康复效果的影响

目的 探讨围手术期综合疼痛护理干预对全膝关节置换术后患者的康复效果的影响.方法 选择行全膝关节置换手术的患者100例,采用随机分组法将患者分为对照组和干预组各50例,对照组实施常规的术后护理,干预组在常规护理的基础上,施行综合疼痛护理干预措施,观察并记录两组患者术后的康复训练情况.结果 干预组术后4,8,12,24,48,72 h的疼痛评分分别为(3.12±0.13),(2.35±0.92),(2.42±1.23),(1.92±0.17),(1.65±1.17),(1.73±0.63)分;对照组分别为(4.80±0.30),(6.12±1.65),(7.42±2.09),(3.70±0.22),(3.80±1.67),(3.48±1.67)分;两组比较,差异有统计学意义(f分别为4.72,13.77,14.73,14.09,8.23,7.69;P＜0.01).术后干预组患者的主动直腿抬高时间、膝关节主动屈膝活动达90.时间均显著低于对照组[分别为(14.50±1.90)比(24.73±3.04)h,(3.27±0.73)比(4.10±1.05)d],差异有统计学意义(t分别为24.24,5.75;P＜0.01).干预组出院时膝关节主动活动度显著大于对照组[(106.46±11.65)比(98.60±11.36)°],差异有统计学意义(t=2.57,P＜0.05).干预组的出院满意度显著高于对照组(x2=63.25,P＜0.01).结论 综合疼痛护理干预可以减轻膝关节置换术患者的术后疼痛,增加患者的舒适度,有助于患者尽早进行功能锻炼,促进患者的早期康复,提高护理质量,提高患者满意度.     

延续护理及时长对人工全膝关节置换术后患者康复效果影响的Meta分析

目的 通过Meta分析,系统评价延续护理及随访时间差异对人工全膝关节置换术后患者康复的影响。 方法 系统检索Cochrane Library、PubMed、Embase、web of science、中国生物医学文献数据库、万方数据库、中国知网数据库中延续护理对人工全膝关节置换术后患者康复效果影响的随机对照试验,由2名研究人员独立筛选文献并提取资料,对符合质量标准的随机对照试验进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入13篇文献,包括1 211例研究对象。延续护理可提高患者膝关节功能[MD=8.02,95%CI (5.60,10.44),P<0.001],日常生活能力[MD=4.13,95%CI (2.50,5.75),P<0.001],以及生活质量的生理功能、躯体疼痛、总体健康、活力、社会功能、情感职能、心理健康维度;但随访时间是否超过6个月对以上结局指标的影响比较,差异无统计学意义。 结论 延续护理能促进全膝关节置换术后患者膝关节功能恢复、改善患者日常生活能力。最佳随访时间可能为术后6个月。     

Sunday physiotherapy reduces inpatient stay in knee arthroplasty: a retrospective cohort study

Pua Y-H, Ong P-H, Chong H-C, Lo N-N. Sunday Physiotherapy Reduces Inpatient Stay in knee arthroplasty: a retrospective cohort study.

Objective

To evaluate, in patients treated with knee arthroplasty, whether providing Sunday (7d/wk) physiotherapy intervention could decrease length of stay (LOS) without affecting discharge knee functional outcomes.

Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Setting

A tertiary hospital.

Participants

Patients (N=229) who underwent total or unicompartmental knee arthroplasty.

Interventions

In October 2009, we implemented a Sunday physiotherapy intervention program for patients undergoing knee arthroplasty on Friday or Saturday. Prior to this initiative, physiotherapy intervention was provided from Monday to Saturday. LOS and discharge knee outcomes were compared between patients seen during the 4-month intervention period (n=73) and patients seen in the 4 months prior to the intervention (n=82). To control for secular trends, LOS during the intervention period was compared with LOS during the same 4 months in the prior year (n=74).

Main Outcome Measures

LOS and discharge knee functional outcomes comprising (1) passive knee flexion range of motion, (2) the proportion of patients who were able to perform an unassisted straight-leg raise, and (3) the proportion of patients who ambulated safely with the use of a single walking stick or quadstick.

Results

During the Sunday physiotherapy intervention period, median LOS significantly reduced (5–4d). Controlling for secular trends in LOS revealed similar results. The number needed to treat for 1 additional patient to achieve a LOS 4 days or shorter with Sunday physiotherapy intervention was between 3 and 4. There were no significant changes in knee functional outcomes.

Conclusions

Sunday physiotherapy intervention was associated with a modest reduction in LOS and a faster short-term knee recovery.     

规范化管理对全膝关节置换术后患者膝关节功能康复的影响*

目的：探讨建立全膝关节置换术（Total knee arthroplasty,TKA）后规范化康复管理对患者康复效果的影响。方法：成立康复小组,分析TKA术后康复指标优秀率低的原因,建立三级督导体系,完善标准化康复路径,采用多元化健康教育方法,形成了一套规范化的TKA术后康复管理模式。选取2015年1月至2015年3月期间住院首次接受TKA的75例患者作为对照组,采用传统护理方法。选取2016年1月至2016年3月期间住院首次接受TKA的75例患者为观察组,采用规范化康复管理。通过美国膝关节协会（American knee society,AKS）评分观察患者术后1周、术后2周、术后1个月、术后3个月的康复指标情况,同时以问卷法调查患者对康复满意度及医生对康复满意度。结果：观察组患者在膝活动度、疼痛、行走能力、上下楼能力、总分、患者对康复满意度及医生对康复满意度得分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,在膝稳定性上两组比较无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论：通过对TKA患者康复锻炼的规范化管理与质量控制,可较大限度提高患者肢体康复效果,改善患者生活质量,提高医、护、患满意度,是一种科学的、有效的干预方法。     

全膝关节置换术后患者居家康复锻炼效果的影响因素分析

目的 探讨影响全膝关节置换术后患者居家康复效果的相关因素.方法 采用便利抽样的方法,对250例首次接受TKA手术并定期到关节外科门诊复诊的患者行一般资料问卷及膝关节综合评分标准即AKS(American Knee Score)评分的调查.结果 (1)AKS临床评分优良率为86％,功能评分优良率仅为6％;(2)单因素方差分析结果显示:其锻炼效果的优劣受患者的年龄、文化程度、经济条件、体重、情绪状态和睡眠等因素的影响;(3)多元逐步回归结果显示,文化程度和对自己表现满意程度两变量进入临床评分的回归方程(R2=0.5102);拐杖的使用,个人收入,对自己表现满意程度,体重变化变量进入功能评分的回归方程(R2=0.5193).结论 医务人员应加强对患者的康复锻炼知识教育,制订具体详细、操作性强的康复锻炼计划并进行个体指导.     

Impact of being underweight on peri-operative and post-operative outcomes of total knee or hip arthroplasty: A meta-analysis

BACKGROUNDMany systematic reviews have focused on assessing the effect of body mass index (BMI) on the outcomes and complications associated with total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA), but primarily dealt with obesity compared to normal weight (NW). None of these reviews attempted to assess the effect of low BMI or underweight (UW) compared to NW in patients undergoing THA or TKA.AIMThis review aims to compare specific operative outcomes such as operation duration, length of hospital stay, and post-operative complications including mortality, infections, deep vein thrombosis, etc. along with re-hospitalization and reoperation rates between UW and NW patients undergoing THA, TKA or both.METHODSAn electronic search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Excerpta Medica database (EMBASE), Web of Science (WoS), and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) along with a manual search. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for cohort studies. The data were subjected to both qualitative and quantitative analysis.RESULTSThirteen retrospective and five prospective cohort studies were included. The quality of included studies was assessed to be good to fair. The length of hospital stay after TKA or THA was found to be significantly higher for UW patients when compared to NW patients, with a mean difference: 0.39 95%CI: [0.06, 0.72], P = 0.02 (in days). Studies presenting both THA and TKA together as total joint arthroplasty showed an increased incidence of mortality in patients treated with THA or TKA alone, Odds ratio: 4.18 95%CI: [2.88, 6.07]. A higher incidence of post-operative complications was also observed in UW patients undergoing THA. CONCLUSIONUW patients undergoing THA or TKA had a higher incidence of post-operative complications and were associated with a higher readmission rate. Moreover, UW patients were associated with an increased incidence of mortality in the studies that reported THA and TKA together.     

High flexion knee arthroplasty: the relationship between rotational angles and flexion angle after total knee arthroplasty

The current patients required high flexion total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We hypothesized the patients who would get the high rotational angle just after TKA could gain high flexion knee 1 year after TKA. Sixty-three patients (average age: 70.6 years) were examined. In order to examine between the intraoperative rotational angles and the gained flexion angles after TKA, the patients were divided into two groups: the H group (more than 120°) and the L groups (less than 120°) by the gained flexion angles. The relationship between the flexion angles at 1 year after surgery and the intraoperative rotational angle had no significant correlation. But the rotational angles in the L group tended to be higher than the ones in the H group, and at only 30°, the L group gained significantly more rotational angle than the H group. These results might show that a tighter rotational stability induces a gain of higher flexion knee after TKA.     

双侧同期全膝关节置换和单侧分期全膝关节置换治疗膝骨性关节炎患者的效果及安全性

目的 探讨双侧同期全膝关节置换和单侧分期全膝关节置换治疗膝骨性关节炎患者的效果及安全性.方法 回顾性分析2017年1月至2020年1月本院收治的100例膝骨性关节炎患者的临床资料,依据手术方法将其分为双侧同期组(双侧同期全膝关节置换,n=50)、单侧分期组(单侧分期全膝关节置换,n=50).比较两组患者的血红蛋白水平、...     

术后早期功能锻炼对老年全膝关节置换术后伴恐动心理患者的影响

目的 分析老年全膝关节置换术伴恐动心理患者术后早期行功能康复锻炼的体验及效果。方法 将铜陵市立医院骨科收治并行全膝关节置换，术后有恐动症的90例老年患者分为观察组及对照组，每组45例。对照组应用一般护理措施，观察组在恐动心理调查的基础上实施早期功能锻炼指导，比较两组患者恐动改善情况、生活质量变化、膝关节功能恢复情况，并对患者进行术后恐动原因调查，分析其对早期功能锻炼的体验和感受。结果 出院时及出院1、3、6个月，观察组的恐动程度比对照组轻（P?0.05）；术后6个月观察组患者的SF-36评分高于对照组（P?0.05），膝关节功能相比于对照组明显改善（P?0.05）；术后恐动体验调查显示，疼痛恐惧、对早期锻炼不确定感、压力大及支持系统薄弱是影响功能锻炼依从性的主要原因。结论 全膝关节置换术后患者容易出现恐动症，临床上需在有效恐动评估的基础上给予早期功能锻炼指导，促进术后膝关节功能康复；医护人员及家庭的支持对减轻患者疼痛的恐惧感及提高康复锻炼依从性有益。     

局部超声透入利多卡因治疗对全膝关节置换术后患者镇痛效果的影响

目的：观察超声药物透入利多卡因对全膝关节置换术（ TKA ）后患者疼痛的影响。方法采用随机数字表法将112例TKA患者分为观察组及对照组,每组各56例。观察组患者局部超声透入利多卡因治疗,对照组给予超声透入安慰剂治疗。采用NRS评估量表对两组患者静息状态及功能锻炼后局部疼痛情况进行评价,比较两组患者膝关节活动度,并评估治疗安全性。结果观察组患者术后48,72,96 h静息状态下NRS得分分别为（3．96±0．53）,（3．25±0．51）,（2．62±0．38）分,均优于对照组的（5．25±0．48）,（4．32±0．41）,（3．43±0．31）分,两组比较差异有统计学意义（t值分别为120．758,98．763,89．224;P＜0．05）。48,72,96 h功能锻炼后,观察组NRS得分为（4．90±0．59）,（4．17±0．72）,（3．28±0．36）,明显优于对照组（5．965±0．58）,（4．97±0．62）,（3．86±0．36）分,两组比较差异有统计学意义（t值分别为88．152,86．375,79．249;P＜0．05）;观察组患者术后2,3,7 d膝关节活动度分别为（45．8±7．6）°,（63．2±8．7）°,（95．6±8．2）°,明显优于对照组的（41．1±6．9）°,（55．3±5．8）°,（88．9±6．3）°,两组比较差异有统计学意义（ t值分别为78．024,87．018,89．472;P＜0．05）,治疗期间未出现不良反应,安全纪录均为Ⅰ级。结论超声药物透入可有效缓解TKA后疼痛,改善膝关节活动度。     

徒手淋巴引流对全膝关节置换术后康复疗效的Meta分析

目的：探讨徒手淋巴引流（MLD）对全膝关节置换术（TKA）后疼痛、肿胀和关节活动功能障碍的治疗效果。方法：检索PubMed、Embase、Web of science、Cochrane Library、Scopus、CNKI、万方数据、VIP、CBM等数据库,筛选出建库至2021年12月发表的关于MLD对TKA术后的随机对照实验（RCT）。由 2 位评审员对纳入研究进行风险质量评估,使用Review manager 5.3进行统计分析。结果：最终纳入7项RCT,共396名患者。结果显示,MLD在改善疼痛［WMD=-0.36,95%CI：-0.58～-0.13,P=0.002］和大腿周径［WMD=-1.25,95%CI：-1.99～-0.50,P=0.001］上差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）;但在改善膝关节周径 ［WMD=-0.24, 95%CI:-1.30~ 0.83, P=0.66］、小腿周径［WMD=-0.22, 95%CI: -0.86 ~ 0.42, P=0.51］和膝关节被动屈曲关节活动度（PROM）［WMD=1.96, 95%CI:-1.31~ 5.24, P=0.24］上差异无统计学意义。结论：MLD在降低TKA术后的疼痛和大腿肿胀上较常规治疗更有优势,在膝关节肿胀、小腿肿胀以及膝关节屈曲活动度方面则可能存在辅助治疗作用,但仍需更多高质量、大样本RCT来验证。     

抗抑郁护理对人工全髋关节翻修术后康复的影响

目的探讨抗抑郁护理对人工全髋关节翻修术后康复的影响。方法人工全髋关节翻修术患者24例,随机分为观察组16例和对照组8例,观察组采用抗抑郁护理,对照组采用常规护理。两组术前及术后2周应用抑郁自评量表（SDS）、焦虑自评量表（SAS）对患者进行评定;观察术后康复计划的完成情况及髋关节功能恢复情况。结果观察组患者抑郁评分得分、康复计划的完成情况及髋关节功能恢复情况明显优于对照组,差异有显著性意义（P〈0．01）。结论抗抑郁护理可减轻人工全髋关节翻修术后的抑郁及提高康复计划的完成及髋关节功能恢复。     

122例全膝关节置换术后贫血的原因分析及处理对策

目的 探讨全膝关节置换术后贫血发生的原因及处理对策.方法 对122例人工全膝关节置换术患者在术前、术后第1天,术后第3天,术后第7天进行血常规检查,观察和记录检查结果,并采取相应措施进行干预.结果 122例全膝关节置换术的病人术后血红蛋白、红细胞计数、红细胞比容均低于正常,术后24 h为出血高峰期,术后1～3 d为贫血较重阶段,术后第3天相关指标为最低值,贫血的临床表现也最重.结论 人工膝关节置换术后贫血与患者本身状况、术中出血、术后的补液及进食有关,密切观察血常规的变化和临床表现,制定相应的措施及时纠正贫血,合理的饮食是保证病人顺利康复的关键.     

The effect of electromagnetic navigation in total knee arthroplasty on knee kinematics during functional activities using flexible electrogoniometry

Background

Navigated total knee arthroplasty has been shown to increase accuracy in post operative implant alignment. By contrast navigated total knee arthroplasty has not shown significant functional improvements to date, when compared with conventional surgery using subjective clinical questionnaire scores. The aim of this study was to compare the knee joint kinematics measured during functional activities using electrogoniometry 12 months after total knee arthroplasty in randomised navigated and conventional total knee arthroplasty groups.

Methods

The study design was a double blinded, randomised, prospective, controlled trial. The patients were randomised into 2 surgical groups (n = 102 navigated group, n = 98 conventional group; mean age navigated = 67, conventional = 67). Flexible electrogoniometry was used to measure patient's knee kinematics with respect to time during 12 functional activities.

Findings

No significant difference was found in terms of the maximum, minimum and excursion knee joint angle during any of the functional activities. However there was a statistically significant improvement in the level and slope gait cycle at the pre swing phase in the navigated group.

Interpretation

There were minimal functional improvements in the navigated total knee arthroplasty group 12 months after surgery. However, these are unlikely to have a significant effect on daily activity for the navigated group.