踝关节融合术与全踝关节置换术治疗终末期踝关节炎临床疗效的Meta分析

目的:系统评价全踝关节置换术(total ankle arthroplasty,TAA)和踝关节融合术(ankle arthrodesis,AA)在治疗终末期踝关节炎的临床疗效。方法:文献检索PubMed、EMBASE和Cochrane图书馆数据库发表的TAA或AA治疗终末期踝关节炎的文献,检索日期从建库至2021年6月。采用偏倚风险工具进行文献质量评价。采用RevMan 5.3软件美国足对两组踝外科协会踝与后足评分(American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society Ankle-Hindfoot Scale,AOFAS)、视觉模拟评分(visual analog scale,VAS)、踝关节骨关节炎评分(ankle osteoarthritis scale,AOS),步态分析(步速、步频、步幅)、活动范围(range of motion,ROM),满意度、并发症和再次手术率进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入12篇文献,其中AA组1 050例,TAA组3 760例,共计4 810例患者。Meta分析结果显示两组的AOFAS总分[MD=-3.12,95%C...     

关节镜下踝关节融合术治疗严重踝关节炎

目的观察关节镜下踝关节融合术治疗严重踝关节炎的临床效果。方法行踝关节镜下软骨清理2枚空心钉固定踝关节融合术治疗严重踝关节炎17例。结果本组手术时间75(60~110)min,出血量150(100~300)ml。切口延迟愈合2例,皮神经损伤致足背麻木1例,距下关节疼痛1例。17例获得平均14(10~20)个月随访,术后X线片提示踝关节骨性融合的时间为术后4~6个月,平均4.9个月,均达到完全骨性融合。结论关节镜下踝关节融合术是治疗严重踝关节炎的有效方法,具有融合率高、无需额外植骨、并发症发生率低等优点,但需要一定的镜下操作技术。     

全踝关节置换术治疗晚期踝关节炎研究进展北大核心CSCD

目的总结全踝关节置换术(total ankle arthroplasty,TAA)治疗晚期踝关节炎(ankle osteoarthritis,AOA)的研究进展。方法查阅近年国内外相关文献,从传统TAA手术效果、计算机辅助TAA临床应用等方面,对目前TAA的现状及进展进行总结。结果晚期AOA常导致患者严重疼痛和功能障碍,踝关节融合仍是目前主要治疗方案。近年来,随着手术技术和假体设计的进步,保留关节活动度的TAA病例逐年增加,手术效果也取得明显进步。精确的假体安置和力线恢复对TAA至关重要,手术相关的踝关节置换力线不良是影响假体寿命的重要因素。计算机辅助个体化设计导板可以简化关节置换操作难度,满足胫骨和距骨截骨的精准度。结论基于术前CT的个体化导板技术,其临床效果有待进一步随访观察;同时需要进一步开发适合TAA的术中导航和机器人手术系统。     

Ilizarov支架外固定联合踝关节融合术治疗终末期踝关节炎

目的探讨采用Ilizarov支架外固定联合踝关节融合术治疗终末期踝关节炎的疗效。方法回顾性分析自2013-06—2014-12采用Ilizarov支架外固定联合踝关节融合术治疗的13例终末期踝关节炎。末次随访时摄踝关节正侧位X线片,必要时CT三维重建检查,确定是否达到骨性融合。采用AOFAS评分标准评价踝关节功能。结果本组13例均获得随访10~28个月,平均17个月。术后均骨性融合,骨愈合时间12~18周,平均15周。外固定架拆除时间16~22周,平均20周。3例出现针道并发症,反复使用酒精及百多邦外用后控制;其中1例针道感染流脓,反复换药经久不愈,更换克氏针后愈合。末次随访时踝关节功能按AOFAS评分标准评定:优1例,良9例,可3例。末次随访时AOFAS评分为69~91(79.6±7.2)分,明显高于术前,差异有统计学意义(t=37.450,P0.001)。结论采用Ilizarov支架外固定联合踝关节融合术治疗终末期踝关节炎的骨愈合率高,尤其适用合并感染、软组织条件差、骨质缺损严重及踝关节畸形的患者。     

镜下融合术治疗终末期创伤性踝关节炎

[目的]评价关节镜下无头加压空心螺钉踝关节融合术对终末期创伤性踝关节炎（traumatic ankle arthritis, TAA）的临床效果。[方法]回顾2017年1月—2020年5月本院行踝关节融合术的患者,单侧终末期TAA采用镜下关节融合的患者39例,纳入本研究。总结患者临床与辅助检查资料。[结果] 39例患者均顺利完成手术,无严重并发症。随时间推移,39例患者VAS评分显著减少（P<0.05）,而AOFAS评分显著增加（P<0.05）。影像检查方面,术后39例患者踝关节正侧位对线良好,内固定物位置良好。影像显示骨性融合,术后3个月为28/39 (71.79%),术后12个月为39/39 (100%)。与术前相比,术后3 d患者的TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、SOD和MDA均显著增加,达峰值;而术后7 d,上述指标均显著下降（P<0.05）。[结论]关节镜下无头加压螺钉踝关节融合术治疗晚期TAA患者的效果显著,术后炎性与应激反应指标下降。     

全踝关节置换术治疗继发性踝关节炎的中期随访及疗效分析

目的评估全踝关节置换术（total ankle replacement,TAR）治疗继发性踝关节炎的治疗效果。方法回顾性分析1999年5月至2006年5月行TAR的18例患者,男2例,女16例;年龄52～66岁,平均61岁;病程9个月－18年。其中骨关节炎5例,创伤性关节炎9例,类风湿关节炎4例。患者均经保守治疗无效,且踝关节疼痛,活动障碍。术后患者定期随访,进行临床和影像学评估。结果患者均获随访,随访时间2～9年,平均5．4年;其中16例获得满意疗效。依据美国矫形足踝协会（American orthopaedic foot and ankle society,AOFAS）评分标准评分,由术前的27～53分,平均（41．5±6．8）分,提高至术后的60—91分,平均（74．6±9．7）分,视觉模拟评分（visual analogue scale,VAS）由术前的5～10分,平均（8．4±2．1）分改善至术后的1～4分,平均（2．3±0．9）分。无一例患者需行踝关节融合术或踩关节翻修术。影像学评估,16例假体位置稳定、无下沉迹象,2例在胫骨假体和骨质接触发生气球样骨溶解,但无任何症状。结论TAR可用于治疗踝关节炎。尽管TAR的中期随访效果比较满意,但TAR仍属较新技术,其远期临床效果有待进一步随访评估。     

中医药结合跟胫融合术治疗化脓性踝关节炎合并距骨坏死1例报告

1病历摘要 患者,男,43岁.2005年8月23日因坠落伤造成右踝关节皮肤擦伤,内踝骨折,距骨骨折(Hawkins IV型),踝关节脱位.在当地急诊行切开复位,内踝螺丝钉固定,距骨克氏针内固定,通过足底用斯氏针贯穿跟骨、距骨、胫骨固定.术后5d切口化脓感染,内踝及距骨骨外露,有大量脓性分泌物.拔除斯氏针、螺丝钉及克氏针,冲洗踝关节2周,感染不能控制.瘘道排出白色脓液.于2005年12月29日入本院.     

踝关节镜在创伤性踝关节炎中的临床应用

目的探讨踝关节镜技术在治疗创伤性踝关节炎中的临床疗效。方法对19例踝关节创伤性关节炎患者行关节镜检查,明确关节内病变并行相应处理。结果 17例获随访,时间11～23个月。患者踝关节疼痛及活动受限等症状明显好转。按改良Mcguire踝关节评分系统评分,由术前平均59.1分±7.8分提高至术后平均84.3分±8.9分(P<0.05)。结论应用踝关节镜诊治创伤性踝关节炎创伤轻、适应证广,疗效满意。     

踝关节周围截骨矫正术治疗踝关节炎的临床疗效观察

目的观察踝关节周围截骨矫正术治疗踝关节炎的临床疗效。方法将70例踝关节炎患者随机将其分为2组,对照组患者给予踝关节融合术治疗,观察组患者则行踝关节周围截骨矫正术治疗,对2组治疗前后踝关节恢复、日常生活能力及并发症等情况进行比较。结果术后随访6~12个月,观察组和对照组骨性愈合时间分别为(67.8±14.5)d、(80.0±11.2)d,术后6个月TAS分别为(94.0±2.5)°、(90.5±3.0)°,TLS分别为(81.7±2.6)°、78.6±2.5)°,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。术后1 a AOFAS评分分别为(88.4±6.7)分、75.3±7.5)分,ADL评分分别为(18.5±3.5)分、(23.8±4.1)分,2组差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。对照组患者并发症(17.1%)高于观察组(5.7%),2组差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论踝关节周围截骨矫正术治疗踝关节炎疗效明显,并发症少,能有效促进踝关节功能恢复,提高患者日常生活能力。     

Directing clinical care using lower extremity biomechanics in patients with ankle osteoarthritis and ankle arthroplasty

Ankle osteoarthritis is a debilitating disease with approximately 50,000 new cases per year leading to skeletal deformity, severe and recurrent pain, cartilage breakdown, and gait dysfunction limiting patient mobility and well‐being. Although many treatments (total ankle arthroplasty [TAA], ankle fusion [arthrodesis], and ankle distraction arthroplasty) relieve pain, it is not clear that these procedures significantly improve patient mobility. The goal of the research presented here is to summarize what is presently known about lower extremity gait mechanics and outcomes and to quantify the impact of ankle osteoarthritis and TAA have on these measures using an explicitly holistic and mechanistic approach. Our recent studies have explored physical performance and energy recovery and revealed unexpected patterns and sequelae to treatment including incomplete restoration of gait function. These studies demonstrated for the first time the extreme levels and range of gait and balance dysfunction present in ankle osteoarthritis patients as well as quantifying the ways in which the affected joint alters movement and loading patterns not just in the painful joint, but throughout both the ipsilateral and contralateral lower extremity. Through this work, we determined that relieving pain alone through TAA is not enough to restore normal walking mechanics and balance due to underlying causes including limited ankle range of motion and balance deficits leading to long‐term disability despite treatment. The results indicate the need to consider additional therapeutic interventions aimed at restoring balance, ankle range of motion, and movement symmetry in order to improve long‐term health and function. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:2345–2355, 2017.

     

Qualitative analysis of foot intersegment coordination in the sagittal plane following surgery for end‐stage ankle osteoarthrosis

Today, ankle joint kinematic assessment gives important information regarding the intersegment range of motion. It does not, however, provide information regarding coordination between the segments. This study aimed to determine whether or not intersegment coordination can provide valuable, otherwise missed information in relation to kinematic alterations of the ankle joint. The study consisted of 40 participants, including 12 total ankle replacement (TAR) patients, 12 ankle arthrodesis (AA) patients, and 16 controls. Gait assessment was carried out wearing 3‐D inertial sensors. Intersegment coordination was determined by calculation of the continuous relative phase (CRP) between foot intersegments. CRP analysis found useful information regarding the magnitude and directionality of segment motion throughout the gait cycle, with AA patients reporting an altered coordination pattern for all three intersegments, forefoot–hindfoot, hindfoot–shank, and forefoot–shank, and TAR patients showing alterations in the hindfoot–shank intersegment. Results show that assessment of intersegment coordination can provide further information, otherwise overlooked by the general kinematic assessment, which could be used to optimize patient rehabilitation. Furthermore, the study showed that such information could be used to compare surgical outcomes. As a result, the study concludes that the inclusion of intersegment coordination assessment could be beneficial in clinical practice. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:1304–1310, 2017.

     

Effect of total ankle replacement on the 3-dimensional subtalar joint alignment in varus ankle osteoarthritis

BackgroundVarus ankle osteoarthritis (OA) is typically associated with peritalar instability, which may result in altered subtalar joint position. This study aimed to determine the extent to which total ankle replacement (TAR) in varus ankle OA can restore the subtalar alignment.MethodsFourteen patients (15 ankles, mean age 61 ± 6 years) who underwent TAR for varus ankle OA were analyzed using semi-automated measurements based on weight-bearing computed tomography. Twenty healthy individuals served as a control group.ResultsAll angles improved between preoperative and a minimum of 1 year (mean 2.1 years) postoperative and were statistically significant in 6 out of 8 angles (P < 0.05).ConclusionsOur findings indicate that talus repositioning after TAR restores the subtalar joint alignment which may improve hindfoot biomechanics. Future studies are required to implement these findings for TAR in presence of hindfoot deformity.Level of evidenceIV.     

Outcome of unilateral ankle arthrodesis and total ankle replacement in terms of bilateral gait mechanics

Previous studies assessed the outcome of ankle arthrodesis (AA) and total ankle replacement (TAR) surgeries; however, the extent of postoperative recovery towards bilateral gait mechanics (BGM) is unknown. We evaluated the outcome of the two surgeries at least 2 years post rehabilitation, focusing on BGM. 36 participants, including 12 AA patients, 12 TAR patients, and 12 controls were included. Gait assessment over 50 m distance was performed utilizing pressure insoles and 3D inertial sensors, following which an intraindividual comparison was performed. Most spatiotemporal and kinematic parameters in the TAR group were indicative of good gait symmetry, while the AA group presented significant differences. Plantar pressure symmetry among the AA group was also significantly distorted. Abnormality in biomechanical behavior of the AA unoperated, contralateral foot was observed. In summary, our results indicate an altered BGM in AA patients, whereas a relatively fully recovered BGM is observed in TAR patients, despite the quantitative differences in several parameters when compared to a healthy population. Our study supports a biomechanical assessment and rehabilitation of both operated and unoperated sides after major surgeries for ankle osteoarthrosis. © 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 32:377–384, 2014.     

Clinical outcome results of total ankle replacement and ankle arthrodesis: a pilot randomised controlled trial

BackgroundAnkle arthrodesis (AA) and replacement (TAA) are widely accepted options in managing end-stage ankle arthritis (ESAA). We hypothesize that clinical outcomes would be similar for both interventions.MethodsWe conducted a multicenter randomized controlled trial that collected data on patient demographics, complication rates, Ankle Osteoarthritis Scale (AOS) and Short Form-36 (SF-36) scores. We evaluated pre and postoperative scores within and between cohorts.ResultsThe thirty-nine ankles enrolled had a mean follow-up of 5.1 ± 2.8 years. Total AOS scores improved significantly in both groups; 59.4 ± 15.9 to 38 ± 20 (p-value = 0.002) for TAA and 64.6 ± 19.7 to 31.8 ± 16.5 (p-value < 0.001) for AA at last follow-up. Complication rate was higher in the AA cohort with four major complications (20%).ConclusionWe observed a statistically significant benefit with TAA and AA. As a pilot trial, this study is meant to inform on design and feasibility of future RCTs.Level of evidenceII     

Incidence of ankle arthrodesis and total ankle replacement between 1997 and 2018: A nationwide registry study in Finland

BackgroundSurgical treatment options for end-stage ankle osteoarthritis (OA) include ankle arthrodesis (AA) and total ankle replacement (TAR). We investigated the national incidence of AA and TAR and assessed trends in the surgical management of ankle OA in Finland between 1997 and 2018.MethodsThe Finnish Care Register for Health Care was used to calculate the incidence of AA and TAR based on sex and different age groups.ResultsThe mean age (SD) of patients was similar, 57.8 (14.3) years for AA and 58.1 (14.0) for TAR. TAR showed a 3-fold increase from 0.3 per 100 000 person-years in 1997 to 0.9 per 100 000 person-years in 2018. The incidence of AA operations decreased during the study period from 4.4 per 100 000 person-years in 1997 to 3.8 per 100 000 person-years in 2018. TAR utilization increased notably at the expense of AA between 2001 and 2004.ConclusionTAR and AA are both widely used procedures in the treatment of ankle OA, with AA being the favored option for most patients. The incidence of TAR has remained constant for the past 10 years, indicating appropriate treatment indications and utilization.     

Safety and efficacy of total ankle arthroplasty versus ankle arthrodesis for ankle osteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Osteoarthritis is the most common joint disease-causing pain and disability, and its management keeps creating a debate. So, we aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of total ankle arthroplasty and ankle arthrodesis for ankle osteoarthritis. We searched PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, and Web of Science till August 2021. The outcomes were pooled as Mean difference (MD) or Risk Ratio (RR), and 95% confidence interval. We included 36 studies. The results showed a significantly lower risk of infections in total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) than ankle arthrodesis (AA) (RR= 0.63, 95% CI [0.57, 0.70], p < 0.00001), amputations (RR= 0.40, 95% CI [0.22, 0.72], p = 0.002), postoperative non-union (RR= 0.11, 95% CI [0.03, 0.34], p = 0.0002), and a significant increase of overall range of motion in TAA than AA. Our results preferred total ankle arthroplasty over ankle arthrodesis in terms of lowering the rates of infections, amputations, and postoperative non-union, with better change in the overall range of motion.     

Conversion of painful tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis to total ankle replacement using a 3-component mobile bearing prosthesis

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to assess the short-term clinical and radiographic outcomes in patients who underwent conversion of a painful tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis to a total ankle replacement.MethodsSix patients with painful ankle arthrodesis after tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis were included in this study. In all patients, conversion to total ankle replacement was performed using a 3^rd-generation, non-constrained, cementless three-component prosthesis. The outcomes were analyzed at a mean follow-up of 3.4 ± 1.9 years (range 1.0–6.5).ResultsOne patient with painful arthrofibrosis underwent two open arthrolysis procedures at 1.2 and 5.6 years post index surgery, respectively. No revision of tibial or talar prosthesis components was necessary in this study. All patients reported significant pain relief and significant improvement in functional status.ConclusionIn the present study, the conversion of a painful ankle arthrodesis following tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis to a total ankle replacement was a reliable surgical treatment.     

Outcome of ankle arthrodesis in posttraumatic arthritis

Background:

Ankle arthrodesis is still a gold standard salvage procedure for the management of ankle arthritis. There are several functional and mechanical benefits of ankle arthrodesis, which make it a viable surgical procedure in the management of ankle arthritis. The functional outcomes following ankle arthrodesis are not very well known. The purpose of this study was to perform a clinical and radiographic evaluation of ankle arthrodesis in posttraumatic arthritis performed using Charnley''s compression device.

Materials and Methods:

Between January 2006 and December 2009 a functional assessment of 15 patients (10 males and 5 females) who had undergone ankle arthrodesis for posttraumatic arthritis and/or avascular necrosis (AVN) talus (n=6), malunited bimalleolar fracture (n=4), distal tibial plafond fractures (n=3), medial malleoli nonunion (n=2). All the patients were assessed clinically and radiologically after an average followup of 2 years 8 months (range 1–5.7 years).

Results:

All patients had sound ankylosis and no complications related to the surgery. Scoring the patients with the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Ankle-Hindfoot scale, we found that 11 of the 15 had excellent results, two had good, and two showed fair results. They were all returned to their preinjury activities.

Conclusion:

We conclude that, the ankle arthrodesis can still be considered as a standard procedure in ankle arthritis. On the basis of these results, patients should be counseled that an ankle fusion will help to relieve pain and to improve overall function. Still, one should keep in mind that it is a salvage procedure that will cause persistent alterations in gait with a potential for deterioration due to the development of subtalar arthritis.