胃癌切除胃肠袢Roux—en—Y瓣式吻合术183例临床观察

目的 胃肠短袢Roux-en-Y瓣式吻合术的抗反流效果,探讨Roux淤积综合征的防治方法。方法 随访986年10月至1997年6月胃癌切除胃空肠短袢Roux-en-Y瓣式吻合术183例,通过症状调查,按改良Visick标准评级,有症状借助消化道钡餐、胃镜并活检、B超、CT检查排除吻合口狭窄、残胃溃疡和肿瘤复发后,确定短袢Roux-en-Y瓣式吻合术的抗反流效果及Roux淤积综合征的发病率。结果 172例（94．0％）获随访结果,5例不满2年因肿瘤复发死亡,3例术后胃瘫,2例因粘连性肠梗阻接受粘连松解术,2例因腹膜广泛种植转移癌致肠梗阻。可进行改良Visick评级165例,Ⅲ、Ⅳ级12例皆为肿瘤复发,未发现有明显症状的反流性胃炎,无倾倒综合症和Roux淤积综合征。结论 扩大胃的切除范围,同时缩短Roux袢的长度,可防治Roux淤积综合征,对空肠空肠吻合口进行抗反渡加工,短袢Roux-en-Y吻合抗反流效果满意。     

Standard Roux-en-Y gastroieiunostomv vs. “Uncut” Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostoki: A matched cohort study

Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy is a common method of reconstruction after subtotal gastrectomy. Maintaining myoneural continuity has been proposed to decrease the incidence of Roux stasis syndrome, with an “uncut” Roux-en-Y reconstruction. The aim of our study was to compare the clinical results in patients who have undergone uncut Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy with those in patients who have undergone a standard Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy. Eleven patients underwent gastrectomy and uncut Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy and were compared with a cohort of 14 patients who underwent gastrectomy and standard Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy. Patients were contacted and charts were reviewed for Visick grade, early and late morbidity and mortality, and incidence of staple line dehiscence. Early postoperative morbidity was 18% in patients undergoing uncut Roux gastrojejunostomy and 28% in patients under-going standard Roux reconstruction. There were no early postoperative deaths in either group. In the patients undergoing the uncut Roux procedure, no cases of staple line dehiscence were detected clinically (mean follow-up 9 months, range 1 to 48 months). Visick grade improved following the uncut Roux procedure, but changed little after standard Roux reconstruction. Uncut Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy can be performed safely with improvement in symptoms. The uncut Roux procedure may provide an alternative for reconstructive gastric surgery. Presented at the Fortieth Annual Meeting of The Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract, Orlando, Fla., May 16–19, 1999.     

The Roux stasis syndrome. Treatment by pacing and prevention by use of an 'uncut' Roux limb.

Ectopic pacemakers in the Roux limb are associated with delayed gastric emptying after Roux gastrectomy. The aim herein was to suppress the ectopic pacemakers by electrical pacing or to prevent them by maintaining enteric myoneural continuity with an "uncut" Roux limb, and so improve the delayed emptying. Among eight dogs with truncal vagotomy and Roux hemigastrectomy, four dogs had a pacing electrode applied to the proximal end of the Roux limb. The other four dogs had a gastrojejunostomy to an uncut Roux limb. In them, the afferent jejunal limb was occluded by staples but not divided, and a diverting jejuno-jejunostomy was performed. Roux pacing and the uncut Roux operation abolished ectopic pacemakers in the Roux limb and speeded the slow gastric emptying present in unpaced control tests. At autopsy, however, dehiscences were found in the staple line in the dogs with the uncut Roux procedures. In conclusion, electrical pacing and the uncut Roux limb show promise as techniques to prevent ectopic jejunal pacemakers and gastric stasis after Roux gastrectomy. Both must be improved before they can be used in patients.     

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目的 进一步评价短袢Ｒｏｕｘ－ｅｎ－Ｙ吻合术的抗返流效果,探讨Ｒｏｕｘ淤积综合征的防治方法。方法 随访１９８９年７月至１９９７年６月完成的胃癌切除胃空肠短袢Ｒｏｕｘ－ｅｎ－ｙ吻合术１５１例,通过症状调查。消化道钡餐、罗镜并活检、Ｂ超、ＣＴ检查确定短袢Ｒｏｕｘ－ｅｎ－Ｙ吻合术的抗返流效果及Ｒｏｕｘ淤积综合征的发病率。结果 １４３例（９５％）获随访结果,未发现有明显症状的返流性胃炎,无倾倒综合征和Ｒｏｕｘ淤积综合征。结论 扩大胃的切除范围,同时缩短Ｒｏｕｘ袢的长度可防治Ｒｏｕｘ淤积综合征,对空肠吻合口进行抗返流加工,短袢Ｒｏｕｘ－ｅｎ－Ｙ吻合抗返流效果满意。     

The Roux operation for postgastrectomy syndromes

The aim of this paper is to describe the technique, indications, and results of the Roux operation as used in the treatment of postgastrectomy syndromes. A Roux gastrojejunostomy with a 40-cm Roux limb is the procedure of choice for alkaline reflux gastritis, because it virtually eliminates reflux of bile and pancreatic juice into the stomach. The slow transit through a Roux limb can also be used to good advantage to slow gastric emptying in patients with dumping. Patients with delayed gastric emptying respond to the combination of near-total gastric resection, which removes the atonic gastric remnant and speeds emptying, and Roux-Y gastrojejunostomy, which prevents reflux esophagitis and provides a reservoir for ingesta in the upper gut. After all Roux operations, however, the Roux limb may slow emptying so much that pain, fullness, nausea, and food vomiting result, the so-called Roux stasis syndrome. Prevention of the Roux stasis syndrome with an "uncut" Roux limb and the treatment of the syndrome by using electrical pacing to suppress the ectopic pacemakers that emerge in the limb offer possible new solutions to this vexing problem.     

Pancreaticoduodenectomy following gastrectomy reconstructed with Billroth II or Roux-en-Y method: Case series and literature review

IntroductionThe ideal reconstruction method for pancreaticoduodenectomy following a gastrectomy with Billroth II or Roux-en-Y reconstruction is unclear. Methods: We reviewed a series of seven pancreaticoduodenectomies performed after gastrectomy with the Billroth II or Roux-en-Y method. Results: While preserving the existing gastrojejunostomy or esophagojejunostomy, pancreaticojejunostomy and hepaticojejunostomy were performed by the Roux-en-Y method using a new Roux limb in all cases. Four patients experienced postoperative complications, although the specific complications varied.DiscussionA review of the literature revealed 13 cases of pancreaticoduodenectomy following gastrectomy with Billroth II or Roux-en-Y reconstruction. Three patients out of six (50%) in whom the past afferent limb was used for the reconstruction of the pancreaticojejunostomy and hepaticojejunostomy experienced afferent loop syndrome, while 14 previous and current patients in whom a new jejeunal limb was used did not experience this complication.ConclusionThe Roux-en-Y method, using the distal intestine of previous gastrojejunostomy or jejunojejunostomy as a new jejunal limb for pancreaticojejunostomy and hepaticojejunostomy, may be a better reconstruction method to avoid the complication of afferent loop syndrome after previous gastrectomy with Billroth II or Roux-en-Y reconstruction if the afferent limb is less than 40 cm.     

Electrical dysrhythmias in the Roux jejunal limb: cause and treatment

Electrical dysrhythmias in the Roux limb after Roux gastrojejunostomy are associated with upper gut stasis of food. The aim of this study was to determine the cause of the dysrhythmias and whether they could be eliminated with pacing. A set of four dogs (Group A) underwent three sequential operations: placement of jejunal electrodes at sites corresponding to the Roux limb; construction of a Roux limb without vagotomy, gastrectomy, or gastrojejunostomy; and transthoracic truncal vagotomy. A second set of five dogs (Group B) underwent truncal vagotomy, distal gastrectomy, and Roux gastrojejunostomy with recording electrodes placed on the Roux limb and a pacing electrode situated at the proximal end of the limb. Electrical recordings were obtained on four separate occasions after each operation. In Group A dogs, orad and disordered propagation of jejunal pacesetter potentials occurred in the Roux limb 56 +/- 5% of the time after limb construction but never before construction. The pattern was not changed with vagotomy. In Group B dogs, electrical dysrhythmias in the Roux limb also occurred and were corrected with electrical pacing. We concluded that electrical dysrhythmias in the canine Roux limb are secondary to the jejunal transection done during Roux limb construction, and are not due to gastrectomy, gastroenterostomy, or vagotomy. The dysrhythmias can be corrected with pacing.     

Surgical treatment of Roux stasis syndrome

We wondered whether the slow gastric emptying of the Roux stasis syndrome could be improved by performing a corrective ‘uncut’ Roux operation. Five dogs had a standard Roux gastrectomy and placement of serosal electrodes on the proximal jejunum and Roux limb. After recovery, baseline myoelectrical and gastric emptying data were collected. The animals then underwent a second operation: take down of the Roux limb, restoration of jejunal continuity, and construction of an ‘uncut’ Roux limb. After the animals recovered, the tests were repeated. The slow frequency of pacesetter potentials (PPs) in the standard Roux limb (mean ± standard error of the mean 14 ± 0.4 cpm) was unchanged after the uncut Roux operation (14 ± 0.5 cpm, P>0.05). However, a greater percentage of PPs propagated aborally in the uncut Roux limb (81% ±4%) than in the standard Roux limb (53% ±7%, P <0.05). Nonetheless, gastric emptying of a 250 ml 10% dextrose liquid meal was not speeded by the uncut Roux operation (uncut Roux = 36% ±5% emptied by 20 minutes vs. standard Roux = 35% ±7%; P >0.05). Bile acid concentrations in gastric aspirates were minimal after both operations (0.7 ± 0.2 μmol/L vs. 0.6 ±0.1 (μmol/L; P >0.05). The conclusion was that more PPs propagated in the aborad direction in the uncut Roux limb than in the standard Roux limb, but gastric emptying was not speeded by the uncut Roux operation. Both operations were equally effective in preventing bile reflux into the gastric remnant. Supported by National Institutes of Health grant DK18278 and the Mayo Foundation. An abstract of this work was presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Gastroenterological Association, San Diego, Calif., May 17, 1995, and published in Gastroenterology 108:A101, 1995.     

Long limb Roux en Y gastric bypass revisited

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) that is performed with at least a 150-cm Roux limb results in significantly greater weight loss than shorter (<100-cm) Roux limb procedures in superobese patients(BMI >50 kg/m2). Conversely, longer Roux limb procedures do not provide greater weight loss in less obese (BMI <50 kg/m2)patients. Modest elongation of the Roux limb-in the range of 150 cm to 200 cm-does not result in more frequent nutritional sequelae compared with shorter Roux limb procedures. This article discusses the current status of long limb Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in the context of weight loss, metabolic sequelae and CPT coding.     

Relationship between varying Roux limb lengths and weight loss in gastric bypass

BACKGROUND: The optimal Roux limb length for gastric bypass is unknown. Therefore, the effect of Roux limb length on weight loss and nutritional deficiency after a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass procedure was studied. METHODS: From September 2000 to February 2004, 165 Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgeries were performed at William Beaumont Army Medical Center. One-year follow-ups were completed on 97 patients. Roux limbs varied from 100 cm to 150 cm, based on the patient's body mass index (BMI). Roux limb lengths were compared with 1-year changes in absolute weight, BMI, and nutritional levels. RESULTS: In the 97 patients, average age at the time of surgery was 44 years (range, 20-63). Average BMI was 46.7 +/- 6.6 kg/m(2) before surgery and 30.9 +/- 5.8 kg/m(2) at 1-year follow-up. Average absolute weight loss at 1 year was 43.7 +/- 12.8 kg. A statistically significant linear relationship existed between Roux limb length and reductions in BMI and absolute weight. No relationship existed between Roux limb length and changes in nutrient levels. CONCLUSION: A linear relationship exists between Roux limb length and 1-year weight loss.     

Motility Disorders after Roux-en-Y Gastrojejunostomy

About 30% of patients who have a Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy after gastrectomy suffer from abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting of food and bloating made worse by eating. This syndrome, called the Roux stasis syndrome, is caused, in part, by a motility disorder of the Roux limb. Transection of the jejunum during the construction of the limb separates the limb from the natural small intestinal pacemaker located in the duodenum. Ectopic pacemakers then appear in the limb and trigger retrograde contractions in its proximal portion. These contractions slow transit through the limb and result in Roux stasis. Current nonsurgical treatment of the syndrome includes the use of prokinetic agents and intestinal pacing, neither of which has demonstrated long-term benefits. A near-total gastrectomy may speed upper gastrointestinal transit somewhat, but stasis in the Roux limb often persists. Our current approach aims at preventing the syndrome by the use of an ‘uncut’ Roux limb, an operation which preserves myoneural continuity between the duodenal pacemaker and the Roux limb and so prevents the appearance of ectopic pacemakers and stasis in the limb.     

Use of an ileal roux limb to prevent the roux stasis syndrome

The aim of this study was to determine whether the use of an ileal Roux limb, rather than a jejunal Roux limb, would prevent the Roux stasis syndrome that can occur after Roux gastrectomy. An ileal Roux limb was constructed in eight dogs and anastomosed to the gastric remnant after distal hemigastrectomy. Flow of chyme through the jejunum was preserved via an ileojejunostomy and a jejunoileostomy. Six dogs with distal gastrectomy and a conventional Roux gastrojejunostomy served as a control group. Chronic enteric recording electrodes and intraluminal, open-tipped pressure catheters were implanted in all dogs. After recovery, the electrical activity and motility of the Roux limbs and the rates of gastric emptying of liquids and solids were measured. Dogs with a Roux gastroileostomy had a slower frequency of pacesetter potentials in the Roux limb, a greater Roux motility index, and a faster rate of gastric emptying of liquids and solids than did dogs with a Roux gastrojejunostomy. Stomal ulcers, however, developed in seven of the eight ileal Roux limbs but in none of the jejunal Roux limbs. It was concluded that Roux gastroileostomy does ameliorate the Roux stasis syndrome, but there is a greater risk of stomal ulceration in the limb. Supported by the Mayo Foundation, Tohoku University, and the Nigro Grant. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Gastroenterological Association, May 22, 1996, San Francisco, Calif.     

Errant and unrecognized antiperistaltic Roux limb construction during Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for clinically significant obesity

BACKGROUND: Proper isoperistaltic orientation of the Roux limb is important. We report on 5 patients with errant anatomic construction of the Roux limb during Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for clinically significant obesity. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of the medical records of these 5 patients. Of the 5 patients, 3 had undergone open and 2 laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. RESULTS: These 5 patients developed persistent and predominantly bilious vomiting in the immediate postoperative period, with subsequent protein-calorie malnutrition. At least 18 operations were undertaken in these 5 patients at different times to correct the abnormally dilated Roux limb to no avail. The diagnosis of an antiperistaltic anatomy was unsuspected, and these operations failed to address the errant anatomy of the Roux limb or resolve the symptoms. Definitive treatment involved repositioning of the Roux limb in an isoperistaltic direction, which resulted in immediate resolution of the symptoms and reversal of the protein-calorie malnutrition. CONCLUSION: Antiperistaltic Roux anatomy is deleterious, and repositioning of the Roux limb in an isoperistaltic direction will resolve the symptoms and associated protein-calorie malnutrition.     

Long-term follow-up of patients with Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy for gastric disease.

OBJECTIVE: A consecutive series of Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomies with a mean follow-up of 11.9 years was reviewed to characterize the long-term results of patients having this operation to treat or prevent bile reflux gastritis. SUMMARY BACKGROUND: Development of postprandial abdominal discomfort, nausea, vomiting, or bezoar formation (Roux stasis syndrome) in the postoperative follow-up period has prompted questions about the role of Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy to treat or prevent bile reflux gastritis. METHODS: Long-term clinical follow-up (mean, 11.9 years) data for 24 patients was collected by reviewing medical records, interviewing patients directly through telephone contact, or both. All patients who had symptoms in the follow-up period were evaluated by upper gastrointestinal series, endoscopy, or both. A modified Visick scale was used for clinical ratings. RESULTS: Of the 22 evaluable patients, follow-up was complete in 20; the clinical condition that prompted surgery was corrected in 21 (95%). Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy was successful for treating or preventing bile reflux gastritis in all 22 patients. Despite this success, clinical failure (Visick scale III or IV) was documented in 8 patients (36%). Seven of the 8 patients had clinical failure within 6 months of operation, with the Roux stasis syndrome developing in 6 of them (27%). CONCLUSION: This consecutive series of Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomies performed by one surgeon has the longest follow-up to date. Although the Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy is safe and often successful, the procedure appears to be limited by a substantial rate of clinical dissatisfaction. Surgeons should be cautious in using it to treat primary or remedial gastrointestinal disease.     

Roux limb obstruction secondary to constriction at transverse mesocolon rent after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass

BackgroundPartial small bowel obstruction can occur as a result of circumferential extrinsic compression of the Roux limb as it traverses the transverse mesocolic rent from thickened cicatrix formation in this area. The aim of this study is to examine the incidence of Roux limb compression with particular attention to the timing of presentation and associated weight loss in the setting of a university hospital in the United States.MethodsA retrospective chart review was performed of all patients undergoing laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass who developed symptomatic small bowel obstruction requiring operative intervention from January 1, 2000 and September 15, 2006.ResultsOf 2215 patients, 20 (.9%) developed symptomatic Roux limb compression. The mean time to presentation was 48 days after LRYGB. By this stage, the mean percentage of excess body weight loss was 29%. Of the 20 patients, 19 underwent an upper gastrointestinal contrast study, the results of which confirmed the diagnosis. In all cases, laparoscopic intervention was successful in freeing the constricted Roux limb by dividing the cicatrix formation between the Roux limb and mesocolic window. Switching from continuous to interrupted closure of the space between Roux limb and mesocolic window appeared to reduce the incidence of this complication (P <.05).ConclusionNarrowing at the transverse mesocolon rent is an uncommon cause of small bowel obstruction after retrocolic laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Unlike internal hernias, which tend to occur later in the clinical course and are associated with significant weight loss, Roux limb obstruction occurs earlier after gastric bypass and is not associated with significant weight loss. Interrupted closure of the mesocolic window might reduce the risk of Roux compression.     

The uncut Roux-en-Y with jejunal pouch: a new reconstruction technique for total gastrectomy

BACKGROUND: Roux Stasis Syndrome is a well-known complication after Roux-en-Y reconstruction. It has been hypothesized that reconstruction with an uncut Roux limb and jejunal pouch after total gastrectomy would preserve unidirectional intestinal myoelectrical activity, improve postoperative weight gain and nutritional parameters, and diminish Roux Stasis Syndrome in canines. METHODS: A total gastrectomy was performed, and 2 methods were used for reconstruction: Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy (RY) was performed on 5 canines (control), and the uncut Roux-en-Y with a jejunal pouch (URYJP) was performed on 5 other canines (experimental). The canines were monitored for 10 weeks postoperatively. Serial weight and nutritional parameters were measured. Emptying profiles and motility studies were performed in the fasting and postprandial states. RESULTS: Ten weeks after operation, the URYJP group had significantly improved nutritional parameters, including weight, total protein, albumin, hemoglobin, serum total iron binding capacity, and serum IgA, IgG, and IgM. The emptying times for both groups were similar, with an increase of disordered propagation of the jejunal pacesetter potential in the RY group. The aboral propagation occurred more frequently in the URYJP group during fasting and after feeding (98% +/- 1% vs 39% +/- 16%; P = .02, and 99% +/- 1% vs 43% +/- 18%; P = .03). The sites of luminal occlusions were intact in the URYJP group at 10 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of jejunal pouch and uncut Roux limb improved overall nutritional parameters when compared with the traditional Roux-en-Y, while preserving aboral propagation of jejunal pacesetter potentials.     

Alteration of the Roux Stasis syndrome by an isolated Roux limb: correlation of slow waves and clinical course.

The Roux-Y stasis syndrome after antrectomy and vagotomy has been well described. Delayed gastric emptying after vagotomy and antrectomy with Roux-Y anastomosis has been attributed to loss of the duodenal pacemaker and to the effects of retrograde slow-wave activity arising from distal small bowel pacemakers. Small bowel contractions are closely coupled with slow-wave activity. Transection and anastomosis of the small bowel distal to the jejuno-jejunostomy has been shown to electrically isolate the Roux limb from distal small bowel pacemakers. Using a canine model, a vagotomy and hemigastrectomy with Roux-Y were performed in five dogs using the standard operation (control); in four dogs (experimental), an additional transection and reanastomosis of the jejunum 25 cm distal to the Y anastomosis of the Roux limb was performed. All specimens had six electrodes implanted along the Roux limb at 5-cm intervals, used for weekly analysis of the jejunal slow-wave activity. The isolated loop cohort had reduced incidence of retrograde slow waves, reduced emesis, improved gastric emptying by upper gastrointestinal series, and reduced gastric pouch size at autopsy. Adding a distal transection and anastomosis, thus creating an isolated Roux-Y segment, may improve the course of the Roux stasis syndrome.     

Late Results of Patients Undergoing Remedial Operations for Alkaline Reflux Gastritis Syndrome

Purpose: Many different remedial operations for alkaline reflux gastritis have been described. Analysis of their efficacy is difficult, because while many of the procedures have good early results, there are long-term failures due to their own complications. The aim of this study is to evaluate our experience with patients undergoing remedial operations for alkaline reflux gastritis syndrome.

Material and methods: The clinical features and results of remedial operations of 65 patients with alkaline reflux gastritis syndrome were reviewed retrospectively. Data on the hospital course were collected by interviewing patients directly or by telephone contact. An assessment of each patient’s response to remedial operation was then made and a Visick score assigned.

Results: All patients had been tried on a medical treatment and dietary restriction or both prior to remedial operation. Long-term follow up was possible in 46 patients.

Seventy-six percent of patients who at the final state had a truncal vagotomy, distal gestrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy have been found to show satisfactory results (Visick-I/Visick II).

Three patients who had previously undergone a Roux-en-Y conversion later required re-operation for Roux-stasis syndrome and a near-total gastrectomy was performed on these patients. Other operations performed for alkaline reflux gastritis were converted to “uncut” Roux-en-Y in five patients and dismantling of gastrojejunostomy in two patients.

Conclusions: For patients unresponsive to medical treatment, we reccommend the following strategy :

a) for patients with truncal vagotomy plus gastrojejunostomy, dismantling of gastrojejunostomy should be the first choice

b) for patients with prior Billroth-II gastrectomy, Roux-en-Y conversion is the most effective corrective operation, although it has its proper including Roux statis syndrome.     

Small bowel transit and gastric emptying after biliodigestive anastomosis using the uncut jejunal loop

BACKGROUND: The Roux-en-Y loop is an effective procedure for biliodigestive drainage. However, up to 15% of patients suffer from postoperative cholangitis or blind loop syndrome. A new technique to prevent motility abnormalities has been developed. METHODS: Male Lewis rats were used to compare gastric emptying and transit in the small bowel after either a standard Roux-en-Y anastomosis or a new biliodigestive anastomosis technique which involves creating an "uncut" jejunal loop with luminal occlusion. Unoperated rats served as controls. (99)Technetium HIDA and (111)Indium-tagged amberlite were respectively used to investigate small bowel transit and gastric emptying. RESULTS: Histopathology showed distinctive abnormalities only in the liver of conventional Roux-en-Y animals. No recanalization of the obliterated gut lumen occurred in uncut Roux animals. Distribution of (99)Tc-HIDA and (111)In showed were similar in both groups. Gastric emptying is slowed in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: The uncut proximal jejunum loop is a good alternative to the conventional Roux-en-Y loop and showed preserved small bowel motility and adequate jejunal transit. Gastric emptying is slowed in both groups.     

Primary bile reflux gastritis: which treatment is better, Roux-en-Y or biliary diversion?

Primary bile reflux gastritis is an unusual and elusive problem. Postgastrectomy bile reflux has been long recognized and treated variously with Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy, Braun enteroenterostomy, and Henley jejunal interposition. All of these procedures have been fraught with postoperative side effects, the worst of which is stasis. A new procedure utilizing biliary diversion has been proposed to divert bile from the gastric lumen without vagotomy or gastric resection. This procedure was used for 16 patients with diagnosed bile reflux, and results were compared with those of a previous group of 21 patients who had been treated with Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy. The patient groups were similar in age, sex, weight, symptoms, and results of investigative studies. The earlier group all had vagotomy, antrectomy, and gastrojejunal anastomosis to a 45-cm Roux limb. The later group all had an end-to-side choledochojejunostomy to a 45-cm Roux limb, taken 45 cm from the ligament of Treitz. The patients in the bile diversion group had fewer complications and shorter hospital stays. In addition, they had few postoperative complaints, no further operations for either bile reflux or upper gastrointestinal stasis, and no long-term deaths due to gastrointestinal problems or malnutrition. Their eventual postoperative gastric emptying improved significantly when compared with the Roux-en-Y patients, suggesting that the dysmotility observed preoperatively may well have been a result of the bile injury to the stomach, rather than an underlying gastric dysmotility.