Urologic complications of laparoscopic radical hysterectomy and lymphadenectomy

Introduction and hypothesis

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the intra- and postoperative urologic complications and management in patients with cervical or endometrial cancer treated with laparoscopic radical hysterectomy and lymphadenectomy.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 146 patients with cervical or endometrial cancer who underwent total laparoscopic radical hysterectomy with lymphadenectomy between August 2002 and April 2011. The intra- and postoperative urologic complications were analyzed.

Results

Double ureteral stents were inserted prophylactically in 13 patients (8.9?%), 2 of whom had postoperative urologic complications. Nine patients (6.2?%) had postoperative urologic complications. Of four patients with ureterovaginal fistulas, two were treated conservatively with cystoscopic placement of ureteral stents and two underwent ureteroneocystostomies. Vesicovaginal fistulas occurred in two patients, both of whom underwent vesicovaginal fistula repairs. One patient noted to have a bladder injury intraoperatively had a laparoscopic repair, and one patient noted to have a ureteral injury postoperatively was treated conservatively with cystoscopic placement of ureteral stents.

Conclusions

Iatrogenic lower urinary tract injuries during laparoscopic radical hysterectomy are relatively common complications. Intraoperative prophylactic ureteral stent insertion and the early detection of urologic complications postoperatively is advised for patients who undergo laparoscopic radical hysterectomies.     

Vacuum Stabilization of the Spleen in Laparoscopic Splenectomy

Background and Objectives:

Recovery from laparoscopic splenectomy is greatly enhanced when compared with recovery from the laparotomy approach, yet a minority of spleens are removed laparoscopically. The spleen is smooth, rounded, and vascular, making it difficult to directly grasp, stabilize, or retract laparoscopically. The LiVac Retractor is a laparoscopic liver retractor comprising a soft silicone open ring that apposes 2 substantially planar surfaces when a vacuum is applied. It was evaluated for its efficacy in stabilization of the spleen during 2 laparoscopic splenectomies.

Methods:

The 2 patients gave consent for laparoscopic splenectomy with splenic retraction using the LiVac Retractor. The entire 3-port laparoscopic procedure was video recorded, with the resected spleens weighed as wet specimens. The patients'' postoperative courses are described.

Results:

The spleen was retracted securely for the duration of the hilar dissection in both patients. Exposure of the splenic hilum was excellent. There were no visible signs of injury to either spleen and recovery of both patients was unremarkable.

Conclusions:

The LiVac Retractor provided stable retraction and excellent exposure of the splenic hilum during both laparoscopic splenectomies, without organ injury. Early hilar dissection with vascular control was facilitated, reducing the risk of bleeding from other components of the dissection.     

Comparative treatment and literature review for laparoscopic splenectomy alone versus preoperative splenic artery embolization splenectomy

Background

Although laparoscopic splenectomy has been gradually regarded as an acceptable therapeutic approach for patients with massive splenomegaly, intraoperative blood loss remains an important complication. In an effort to evaluate the most effective and safe treatment of splenomegaly, we compared three methods of surgery for treating splenomegaly, including open splenectomy, laparoscopic splenectomy, and a combination of preoperative splenic artery embolization plus laparoscopic splenectomy.

Methods

From January 2006 to August 2011, 79 patients underwent splenectomy in our hospital. Of them, 20 patients underwent a combined treatment of preoperative splenic artery embolization and laparoscopic splenectomy (group 1), 30 patients had laparoscopic splenectomy alone (group 2), and 29 patients underwent open splenectomy (group 3). Patients’ demographics, perioperative data, clinical outcome, and hematological changes were analyzed.

Results

Preoperative splenic artery embolization plus laparoscopic splenectomy was successfully performed in all patients in group 1. One patient in group 2 required an intraoperative conversion to traditional open splenectomy because of severe blood loss. Compared with group 2, significantly shorter operating time, less intraoperative blood loss, and shorter postoperative hospital stay were noted in group 1. No marked significant differences in postoperative complications of either group were observed. Compared with group 3, group 1 had less intraoperative blood loss, shorter postoperative stay, and fewer complications. No significant differences were found in operating time. There was a marked increase in platelet count and white blood count in both groups during the follow-up period.

Conclusions

Preoperative splenic artery embolization with laparoscopic splenectomy reduced the operating time and decreased intraoperative blood loss when compared with laparoscopic splenectomy alone or open splenectomy. Splenic artery embolization is a useful intraoperative adjunctive procedure for patients with splenomegaly because of the benefit of perioperative outcomes.     

Laparoscopic splenectomy and azygoportal disconnection with intraoperative splenic blood salvage

Background

Intraoperative blood salvage can reduce or avoid perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion. Salvaging the blood in the portal hypertension-induced enlarged spleen becomes an issue of concern during devascularization surgery because an enlarged spleen accommodates a large red cell pool. We report 20 cases of laparoscopic splenectomy and azygoportal disconnection and present the advantages of the use of intraoperative splenic blood salvage during the procedure.

Methods

A total of 20 cirrhotic patients with esophagogastric variceal bleeding refractory to treatment with β-blockers and endoscopic therapy were studied. Laparoscopic splenectomy with azygoportal disconnection was performed. During the procedure, an intraoperative autologous blood salvage device recovered the splenic blood. The perioperative data were recorded from various viewpoints.

Results

The operative time was 3.1?±?0.3?h and the blood loss was 70.5?±?32.5?ml. The weight of the excised and morcellated spleen was 826.0?±?155.1?g. The volume of autotransfused blood was 541.0?±?150.4?ml. No patient received a perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion. There were no significant complications either intraoperatively or postoperatively. The hemoglobin value increased from 9.3?±?0.8 to 11.5?±?1.1?g/dl at postoperative day 1 (p?Conclusion Laparoscopic splenectomy with azygoportal disconnection is a feasible, effective, and safe surgical method for the treatment of bleeding portal hypertension. Intraoperative splenic blood salvage can avoid the risk associated with allogeneic transfusion during the procedure, with an advantage of significantly increased postoperative hemoglobin levels.     

Laparoscopic versus robotic subtotal splenectomy in hereditary spherocytosis. Potential advantages and limits of an expensive approach

Background

This study was designed to compare the laparoscopic subtotal splenectomy with the robotic approach in patients with hereditary spherocytosis.

Methods

Thirty-two consecutive subtotal splenectomies by minimal approach in patients with hereditary spherocytosis were analyzed (10 robotic vs. 22 laparoscopic subtotal splenectomies).

Results

A significant difference was found for the robotic approach regarding blood loss, vascular dissection duration, and splenic remnant size. Follow-up for 4–103?months was available.

Conclusions

Subtotal splenectomy seems to be a suitable candidate for robotic surgery, requiring a delicate dissection of the splenic vessels and a correct intraoperative evaluation of the splenic remnant. Robotic subtotal splenectomy is comparable to laparoscopy in terms of hospital stay and complication. The main benefits are lower blood loss rate, vascular dissection time, and a better evaluation of the splenic remnant volume.     

Laparoscopic bowel injury: incidence and clinical presentation

PURPOSE: Bowel injury is a potential complication of any abdominal or retroperitoneal surgical procedure. We determine the incidence and assess the sequelae of laparoscopic bowel injury, and identify signs and symptoms of an unrecognized injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between July 1991 and June 1998 laparoscopic urological procedures were performed in 915 patients, of whom 8 had intraoperative bowel perforation or abrasion injuries. In addition, 2 cases of unrecognized bowel perforation referred from elsewhere were reviewed. A survey of the surgical and gynecological literature revealed 266 laparoscopic bowel perforation injuries in 205,969 laparoscopic cases. RESULTS: In our series laparoscopic bowel perforation occurred in 0.2% of cases (2) and bowel abrasion occurred in 0.6% (6). The 6 bowel abrasion injuries were recognized intraoperatively and 5 were repaired immediately. In 4 cases, including 2 referred from elsewhere, perforation injuries were not recognized intraoperatively and they had an unusual presentation postoperatively. These patients had severe, single trocar site pain, abdominal distention, diarrhea and leukopenia followed by acute cardiopulmonary collapse secondary to sepsis within 96 hours of surgery. The combined incidence of bowel complications in the literature was 1.3/1,000 cases. Most injuries (69%) were not recognized at surgery. Of the injuries 58% were of small bowel, 32% were of colon and 50% were caused by electrocautery. Of the patients 80% required laparotomy to repair the bowel injuries. CONCLUSIONS: Bowel injury following laparoscopic surgery is a rare complication that may have an unusual presentation and devastating sequelae. Any bowel injury, including serosal abrasions, should be treated at the time of recognition. Persistent focal pain in a trocar site with abdominal distention, diarrhea and leukopenia may be the first presenting signs and symptoms of an unrecognized laparoscopic bowel injury.     

Laparoscopic radiofrequency ablation for traumatic splenic rupture

Background

Laparotomy was formerly the routine approach for treating traumatic splenic rupture. Traumatic splenic rupture has traditionally been treated with open splenectomy. The advent of laparoscopy and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has ushered in new approaches to this surgical problem. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of laparoscopic RFA to treat traumatic splenic rupture.

Methods

Four patients with traumatic splenic ruptures underwent laparoscopic RFA-assisted spleen-preserving surgery between September 2011 and April 2012. RFA electrodes were used for traumatic rupture repair or partial splenectomies using classic laparoscopic procedures. Safety and efficacy parameters were documented, including surgery time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage quantities, and recovery conditions.

Results

Three patients received laparoscopic splenic rupture repair and one patient received a partial splenectomy. Three surgeries were successful, based on 1-mo follow-up with computerized tomography and ultrasound examinations that indicated the restoration of satisfactory splenic blood supply. The fourth patient received a laparotomy for a total splenectomy because of massive postoperative bleeding 24 h after surgery.

Conclusions

Laparoscopic RFA-assisted spleen-preserving surgery is another modality that may be considered in the management of splenic trauma. This small sample size and limited clinical experience does not justify its use on a routine basis and requires additional clinical research to fully evaluate its efficacy in certain critical traumatic scenarios compared with traditional open splenectomy.     

Laparoscopic splenectomy for severe blunt trauma: initial experience of ten consecutive cases with a fast hemostatic technique

Background  

Minor splenic injuries from blunt trauma can be treated conservatively, whereas high-grade injuries commonly associated with multiple trauma require surgical treatment and usually removal of the organ. Although splenectomy is nowadays routinely performed laparoscopically for the treatment of hematological pathologies, in an emergency the operational procedure is performed through conventional laparotomy worldwide, advocating the need for hemostasis. Progress in surgical skill and new developments in equipment allow us to treat also patients affected by severe splenic blunt trauma minimally invasively.     

Delayed presentation of splenic laceration due to remote trauma in laparoscopic surgery

Splenic laceration is a recognized complication of both open and laparoscopic renal and adrenal surgery. Most injuries reported occur intraoperatively via the transperitoneal approach and require immediate management. Herein we report a patient with a delayed presentation of splenic laceration 17 days after undergoing retroperitoneal hand-assisted laparoscopic nephroureterectomy. Emergent splenectomy was performed and the postoperative course was uneventful. To our knowledge, there has not been a similar case reported before. Because laparoscopic renal surgery is becoming the gold standard of treatment, urologists must be aware of the possibility of splenic laceration during this type of surgery.     

Hand-assisted laparoscopic splenectomy for thrombocytopenia in patients with cirrhosis

Purpose

Although splenectomy plays an important role in the management of patients with liver cirrhosis, the optimal technique, open surgery, total laparoscopic surgery or hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery (HALS), has not yet been defined. The present study evaluated the outcomes of HALS splenectomy for cirrhotic patients.

Methods

A total of 28 consecutive patients with cirrhosis that underwent HALS splenectomy were enrolled into this study. The preoperative laboratory and morphometric data, intraoperative variables and postoperative outcomes were reviewed from the hospital charts.

Results

The postoperative platelet count was remarkably elevated in all cases. A re-operation was required in 1 patient complicated with postoperative hemorrhage. Enhanced CT on POD 7 revealed a high incidence of portal or splenic vein thrombosis (PSVT; 22 patients, 78.6 %). PSVT was significantly associated with higher serum bilirubin, higher indocyanine green retention value at 15 min (ICG R-15), and larger splenic vein diameter.

Conclusion

HALS splenectomy was a very feasible and appropriate procedure for cirrhotic patients with hypersplenism. PSVT was a frequent complication and large splenic vein diameter, high serum bilirubin, and high ICG R-15 were found to be significant risk factors for PSVT after HALS splenectomy in cirrhotic patients.     

Three-Dimensional CT Volumetry Predicts Outcome of Laparoscopic Splenectomy for Splenomegaly: Retrospective Clinical Study

Background

The aim of this study was to determine the predictive value of the preoperative three-dimensional reconstructed volume (3D volumetry) for outcomes of laparoscopic splenectomy. The impact of splenomegaly on the feasibility of laparoscopic splenectomy is still debated. We hypothesized that splenic volumetry may accurately estimate splenic volume preoperatively and be used by surgeons to select patients for laparoscopic splenectomy.

Methods

We performed a retrospective review of 88 patients seen at a tertiary referral center undergoing laparoscopic or open splenectomy between 2001 and 2010. Patients included in the study underwent elective splenectomy without associated procedures and had preoperative imaging available at our institution. We evaluated clinical, demographic characteristics and perioperative imaging as predictors of outcome. Study endpoints included conversion to open splenectomy, operating time, estimated blood loss (EBL), length of stay (LOS), postoperative complications, and mortality.

Results

In all, 53 procedures were started laparoscopically. Among them, 7 (13.2 %) were converted to open splenectomy and 7 (13.2 %) to hand-assisted laparoscopic splenectomy. The conversion group was matched with 35 patients who underwent open splenectomy to determine differences in outcomes between these groups. There were no conversions in spleens measuring <1100 cc, whereas spleens of 1100 to 2700 cc had a conversion rate of 41 %. Spleen volume >2700 cc was associated with an 87.5 % conversion rate. Spleen 3D volumetry >2700 cc was the only independent predictor of surgical conversion on multivariate analysis (odds ratio 38.0, confidence interval 4.02–358.75, p = 0.001). Patients who underwent open splenectomy had shorter operating times (160.3 vs. 253.0 min, p = 0.001) than those converted from laparoscopic to open splenectomy.

Conclusions

A 3D reconstructed splenic volume of >2700 cc is a predictor of conversion from laparoscopic to open splenectomy. For spleens measuring <2700 cc, laparoscopic splenectomy may be performed by experienced surgeons with low to moderate rates of conversion. For spleens with a 3D reconstructed volume >2700 cc, laparoscopic splenectomy is associated with high rates of conversion to open surgery.     

Splenic injury during abdominal surgery.

Of 237 splenectomies performed over a six-year period, 39 were necessitated by intraoperative injury. Capsular and hilar tears were predominant. All injuries were recognized at the time they occurred. The incidence of pulmonary complications and wound infections exceeded those for other categories of splenectomy and for these other abdominal operations without splenectomy. Although these complications were not fatal and the mortality was not increased, measures for avoidance of intraoperative splenic injury are indicated. These include knowledge of anatomic relationships and exercising cautious traction in operations on the upper part of the stomach and the splenic flexure of the colon, in reoperation in elderly people, or where there is suspicion of intrinsic splenic abnormality.     

Left-sided portal hypertension: Successful management by laparoscopic splenectomy following splenic artery embolization

INTRODUCTION

Left-sided portal hypertension is a rare clinical condition most often associated with a pancreatic disease. In case of hemorrhage from gastric fundus varices, splenectomy is indicated. Commonly, the operation is carried out by laparotomy, as portal hypertension is considered a relative contraindication to laparoscopic splenectomy (LS). Although some studies have reported the feasibility of the laparoscopic approach in the setting of cirrhosis-related portal hypertension, experience concerning LS in left-sided portal hypertension is lacking.

PRESENTATION OF CASE

A 39-year-old man was admitted to the Emergency Department for haemorrhagic shock due to acute hemorrhage from gastric fundus varices. Diagnostic work up revealed a chronic pancreatitis-related splenic vein thrombosis causing left-sided portal hypertension with gastric fundus varices and splenic cavernoma. Following splenic artery embolization (SAE), the case was successfully managed by LS.

DISCUSSION

The advantages of laparoscopic over open splenectomy include lower complication rate, quicker recovery and shorter hospital stay. Splenic artery embolization prior to LS has been used to reduce intraoperative blood losses and conversion rate, especially in complex cases of splenomegaly or cirrhosis-related portal hypertension. We report a case of complicated left-sided portal hypertension managed by LS following SAE. In spite of the presence of large varices at the splenic hilum, the operation was performed by laparoscopy without any major intraoperative complication, thanks to the reduced venous pressure achieved by SAE.

CONCLUSION

Splenic artery embolization may be a valuable adjunct in case of left-sided portal hypertension requiring splenectomy, allowing a safe dissection of the splenic vessels even by laparoscopy.     

Does routine intraoperative cholangiography prevent bile duct transection?

Background The role of routine intraoperative cholangiography is controversial. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of routine intraoperative cholangiography on the incidence of common bile duct injuries, and to evaluate the operative outcome of laparoscopic cholecystectomy carried out in a major teaching hospital and review the literature.Methods Prospectively collected data on 3,145 laparoscopic cholecystectomies performed mainly by surgical trainees in the period 1990 to 2002 using routine intraoperative cholangiography with fluoroscopy were reviewed.Results The mean age of the study sample (65.6% male, 34.4% female) was 54 years, and 16.9% of the patients had clinical acute cholecystitis. The conversion rate to open cholecystectomy was 4.3%. Intraoperative cholangiography was attempted for 90.7% of the patients with a 95.9% success rate. Five patients (0.16%) had common bile duct injuries. Four injuries had occurred in the first 5 years. One injury (0.06%) had occurred after 1995. This injury was identified intraoperatively and repaired laparoscopically. Routine intraoperative cholangiography prevented one definite common bile duct transection.Conclusions In this series using routine intraoperative cholangiography, there was a low rate and severity of common bile duct injuries, with a high intraoperative recognition rate. There was no bile duct transection or major injury requiring common bile duct reconstruction. Although intraoperative cholangiography helped in the immediate identification of injuries and the institution of appropriate therapy, injury was not completely prevented.     

Laparoscopic Distal Pancreatectomy with or Without Splenectomy: How I Do It

Objectives  

Although the technique of distal pancreatectomy with or without en bloc splenectomy has been well described, the execution of this procedure may be technically challenging when performed laparoscopically. In this technical report, we aimed to describe the technique of laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy with or without splenic preservation.     

Early Surgery in Prone Position for Associated Injuries in Patients Undergoing Non-operative Management for Splenic and Liver Injuries

Background

In patients undergoing non-operative management (NOM) of blunt splenic and/or liver injuries, no data exist on the safety of same-admission surgery in prone position for concomitant injuries.

Methods

Retrospective study including adult trauma patients with blunt splenic/liver injuries and attempted NOM from 01/2009 to 06/2015 was conducted. Patient and injury characteristics as well as outcomes [failed (f)NOM, mortality] of patients with/without surgery in prone position were compared (‘prone’ vs. ‘non-prone’ group).

Results

A total of 244 patients with blunt splenic/liver injury and attempted NOM were included. Forty patients (16.4%) underwent surgery in prone position on median post-injury day 2.0 [interquartile range (IQR) 3.0]. Surgery in prone position was mostly performed for associated spinal or pelvic injuries. The ISS was significantly higher, and the proportion of patients with high-grade injuries (OIS?≥?3) was significantly less frequent in the ‘prone? group (30.0?±?14.5 vs. 23.9?±?13.2, p?=?0.009 and 27.5 vs. 53.9%, p?=?0.002). In-hospital mortality as well as NOM failure rates were not significantly different between the ‘prone’ and ‘non-prone? group (2.5 vs. 2.9%, p?=?1.000; 0.0 vs. 4.4%, p?=?0.362). Eleven patients with high-grade injuries were operated in prone position at median day 3 (IQR 3.0). None of these patients failed NOM. However, one patient with a grade IV splenic injury required immediate splenectomy after being operated in right-sided position on the day of admission.

Conclusion

In this single-center analysis, surgery in prone position was performed in a substantial number of patients with splenic/liver injuries without increasing the fNOM rate. However, caution should be used in patients with grade IV/V splenic injuries.

     

Laparoscopic Ureteroneocystostomy for Ureteral Injuries After Hysterectomy

Objectives:

To examine the feasibility of early laparoscopic ureteroneocystostomy for ureteral obstruction due to hysterectomy injury.

Methods:

We retrospectively reviewed a 10-y experience from 2 institutions in patients who underwent early (<30 d) or late (>30 d) laparoscopic ureteroneocystostomy for ureteral injury after hysterectomy. Evaluation of the surgery included the cause of the stricture and intraoperative and postoperative outcomes.

Results:

A total of 9 patients with distal ureteral injury after hysterectomy were identified. All injuries were identified and treated as early as 21 d after hysterectomy. Seven of 9 patients underwent open hysterectomy, and the remaining patients had vaginal and laparoscopic radical hysterectomy. All ureteroneocystostomy cases were managed laparoscopically without conversion to open surgery and without any intraoperative complications. The Lich-Gregoir reimplantation technique was applied in all patients, and 2 patients required a psoas hitch. The mean operative time was 206.6 min (range, 120–280 min), the mean estimated blood loss was 122.2 cc (range, 25–350 cc), and the mean admission time was 3.3 d (range, 1–7 d). Cystography showed no urine leak when the ureteral stent was removed at 4 to 6 wk after the procedure. Ureteroneocystostomy patency was followed up with cystography at 6 mo and at least 10 y after ureteroneocystostomy.

Conclusion:

Early laparoscopic ureteral reimplantation may offer an alternative surgical approach to open surgery for the management of distal ureteral injuries, with favorable cosmetic results and recovery time from ureteral obstruction due to hysterectomy injury.     

Ureteric trauma in gynecologic surgery

Nearly all gynecological procedures have been reported to cause ureteric injury, with an incidence of 0.4%–2.5% for non-malignant conditions. The incidence is rising as more ambitious operations are undertaken laparoscopically. Risk factors for ureteric injury include cancer, hemorrhage, endometriosis, adhesions and an enlarged uterus. Tyes of injury include ligation, crush, laceration, avulsion, stretch and devascularization. The diagnosis may be obvious intraoperatively, but postoperative presentation with loin pain, pyrexia, fistula or non-specific signs is more common. A significant number are asymptomatic. Early diagnosis is vital, and urological investigation should be considered in any patient who is not recovering as expected. Injuries recognized intraoperatively should be repaired during the same operation. Delayed recognized injuries are being managed conservatively with increasing success in selected cases. Early operative repair achieves good results unless the injury is severe. Litigation is less likely if the diagnosis is prompt, repair is successful and the patient is treated with consideration.     

Retraction-related liver lobe necrosis after laparoscopic gastric surgery

Background:

Liver retraction is necessary for optimal exposure during laparoscopic gastric surgery. Though transient venous congestion of the retracted lobe of the liver is invariably seen during operations, major parenchymal injury is rare. We describe a case of Nathanson liver retractor-induced left lobe liver necrosis and review the pertinent literature.

Case Report:

A 78-year-old man underwent a laparoscopic-assisted total gastrectomy for gastric cancer. A Nathanson liver retractor was used to retract a large fatty left liver lobe. The operation was prolonged due to splenic bleeding requiring splenectomy. On the second postoperative day, the patient deteriorated rapidly and developed multi-organ failure. A computerized tomogram confirmed necrosis of the left lobe of the liver with gas in the liver parenchyma. The necrotic liver lobe was excised at reoperation. The patient died from a postoperative myocardial infarction.

Discussion:

Though minor liver injuries, in the form of intraoperative trauma and congestion, are common with laparoscopic liver retraction, major lacerations and necrosis are rare. Prolonged surgery and enlarged fatty liver lobe increases the risks of major injury. In our report, we discuss various types of retractor-related liver injuries and their management and highlight the importance of intermittent release of retraction during prolonged surgery.     

腹腔镜脾切除术治疗外伤性脾破裂的体会

目的:探讨腹腔镜脾切除术治疗外伤性脾破裂的技术要点。方法:用完全腹腔镜脾切除术治疗6例外伤性脾破裂患者,其中Ⅱ级损伤3例,Ⅲ级损伤3例,3例合并其他脏器损伤。结果:6例均顺利完成手术,无中转开腹。手术时间80～150min,平均110min。术中出血200～500ml,平均350ml。术后3例单纯性脾破裂者平均住院7d,3例伴合并伤者平均住院15.6d,术后患者顺利康复,无并发症发生。结论:腹腔镜脾切除术治疗外伤性脾破裂安全、可行,但有一定的技术难度。