Raypex 5根管测量仪在根管治疗中的临床应用分析

目的：探讨Raypex 5根管测量仪在根管治疗中根管工作长度测量的准确性。方法200例进行根管治疗的患者,共520根根管,随机分为两组,实验组用Reypex 5根管测量仪测量根管工作长度,对照组用X线测量法测量,常规根管预备并充填,拍摄X线片比较充填质量。结果实验组适充率91.92%,高于对照组79.62%,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。结论 Raypex 5根管测量仪能够准确、方便、有效的测量根管工作长度,值得临床推荐使用。     

水解直接提取胆红素的实验研究及在生产中的应用

<正> 胆红素是胆汁中的主要色素,是人工牛黄的主要成份。胆红素的提取分离方法很多,有氯仿直接萃取法,,胆红素钙盐间接抽提法,无醇法,离子交换树脂法,水解提取法等方法,目前国内一般较普遍采用钙盐间接抽提法。为充分利用胆汁资源,提高胆红素的收率和质量,我们对胆红素提取新方法-水解直接提取法(又称色层快速提取法)进行了实验研究和摸索,得出了比较满意的结果。随后,我们又将实验成果应用于生产,进行批量试生产(每批投料量100～150kg),并对批量生产工艺进行了摸索和改进。结果表明,该法工艺简单,     

选择性椎弓根置钉在脊髓型颈椎病并颈椎失稳中的应用

目的:探讨选择性椎弓根王钉在多节段脊髓型颈椎病并颈椎失稳颈后路单开门手术中的应用.方法:我院2009-01～2010-04收治多节段脊髓型颈椎病并颈椎失稳37例,术前所有患者X线片测量均有椎体间不稳,CT示均有不同程度的椎间盘突出及骨赘形成,磁共振显示多节段脊髓受压明显.所有患者均采用颈后路单开门选择性椎弓根王钉内固定...     

复达那非片在健康受试者中的药代动力学研究

目的 评价多次口服复达那非片在健康受试者中的药代动力学特征、耐受性和安全性.方法 本研究按单中心、随机、双盲、安慰剂平行对照、剂量递增的试验设计,共纳入36例成年健康男性受试者,分别设定50,100和200 mg,3个剂量组,每组12人,10人服用试验药物,2人服用安慰剂,每日早晨空腹服药1次,连续7 d给药.用LC-...     

碘仿氢氧化钙在根管治疗中的应用研究

目的研究及探讨碘仿氢氧化钙在根管治疗中的应用效果。方法将2014年3月~2015年5月于本院进行根管治疗的92例慢性根尖周炎患者随机分为对照组(氢氧化钙组)46例和观察组(碘仿氢氧化钙)46例,然后将两组治疗后1周的临床效果与VAS评分进行比较。结果治疗后1周观察组的临床效果明显好于对照组,VAS评分中0分者比例明显高于对照组,P均<0.05,两组治疗后均有显著性差异。结论碘仿氢氧化钙在根管治疗中的应用效果较好,对于疼痛的控制效果也较好。     

三种根管预备器械在磨牙根管治疗中的临床应用研究

目的评价两种机用镍钛器械预备磨牙根管的临床效果。方法选取需行根管治疗的85例患者的90颗磨牙,随机分为ABC 3组,每组30颗,分别用ProTaper、Mtwo机用镍钛器械和不锈钢K锉预备根管,3组均采用冷侧压法充填根管。比较3组根管预备时间、术中疼痛的发生率、根管适充率。结果 ProTaper和Mtwo机用镍钛器械组的操作时间均比不锈钢K锉组短;术后疼痛少且程度轻;ProTaper和Mtwo组适充率明显高于不锈钢K锉组。结论用ProTaper和Mtwo镍钛器械预备磨牙根管快速有效,根管成形、根充效果好,减少了术后疼痛,值得临床推广使用。     

镍钛机用器械在根管预备中的临床应用研究

目的 研究机用镍钛器械ProTaper和Hero642在根管预备中的临床应用.方法 选取牙髓炎和根尖周炎的患牙125颗,分别采用ProTaper、Hero642和不锈钢K锉预备根管,侧向加压法充填根管,根据X线片评价根管预备和充填的效果.结果 ProTaper和Hero642在弯曲根管的预备中明显优于不锈钢K锉,无台阶及根管偏移发生,根管预备后的疼痛率明显降低,操作时间缩短.结论 镍钛机用根管预备器械具有良好的临床应用前景.     

血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶在病毒性脑炎中的应用研究

目的探讨病毒性脑炎患者血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）的浓度变化及与脑炎的关系。方法选择38例病毒性脑炎患者,根据患者中枢神经功能障碍程度分组,采用酶联免疫吸附法测定患者起病后3d内、1周及2周血清NSE的浓度,并与正常对照组作对比,不同病情组间作对比。结果病毒性脑炎患者血清NSE浓度在起病后3d内即高于对照组（P〈0.01）,在起病后1周达高峰,起病后2周明显下降,但仍高于正常对照组（P〈0.05）。病毒性脑炎患者血清NSE浓度与中枢神经功能障碍程度相关（P〈0.05）。结论病毒性脑炎患者血清NSE浓度增高,其升高程度与中枢神经功能障碍程度相关。检测患者血清NSE的浓度有助于判断病情及评估预后,具有临床实用价值。     

Bio-oss骨粉在根管充填中的应用研究

目的评价Bio-oss骨粉在根尖吸收、根尖区溢脓患牙病例的根管充填中应用的效果。方法选取80例根尖吸收、根尖区溢脓的患牙,根管预备后拍X光片,分别用传统根管充填材料以及用Bio-oss骨粉糊剂进行根管充填,观察其疗效,随访。结果应用Bio-oss骨粉糊剂作为根管充填材料的患者X光片示根尖有新生骨样组织生长,根尖区阴影减少,临床症状消失;传统材料充填的患者X光片示根尖区阴影无明显改变,治疗后复发率高。结论Bio-oss骨粉在根尖吸收、根尖区溢脓患牙病例根管充填中应用,可取得较好的临床效果。     

根皮苷和3-羟基根皮苷在Caco-2细胞单层模型中的转运与吸收研究

目的:研究根皮苷和3-羟基根皮苷在人克隆结肠腺癌细胞(Caco-2细胞)单层模型中的转运与吸收。方法:采用高效液相色谱法,以表观渗透系数(Papp)为指标,分别考察50、100、200μmol/L的根皮苷和3-羟基根皮苷在Caco-2细胞单层模型中的双向(AP→BL、BL→AP)转运;并通过两药配伍同时混合转运与两药单独转运比较,考察两药转运的相互作用。结果:随着浓度的增加,根皮苷AP→BL和BL→AP的Papp均有一定的上升趋势;3-羟基根皮苷AP→BL的Papp有下降趋势,BL→AP的Papp却略有上升趋势。与单独转运比较,混合转运中根皮苷和3-羟基根皮苷的转运量和Papp均明显下降(P<0.05)。结论:根皮苷和3-羟基根皮苷在Caco-2细胞单层模型的吸收状况良好,两药配伍转运时存在竞争性抑制。     

溶菌酶对壳聚糖降解的研究

对溶菌酶降解壳聚糖的过程进行了研究。探讨了降解过程的粘度变化、温度、pH值、反应时间、酶浓度、壳聚糖浓度以及壳聚糖的脱乙酰化度对酶促反应速度的影响。实验结果表明，以壳聚糖为底物的溶菌要不得的催化是属米氏酶的特征，该酶促反应的最适宜温度为50℃，适宜pH值是6.0左右，壳聚糖的脱乙酰度越低降解速度越快。产品经高效液相色谱测定相对分子质量低于1万，相对分子质量组分集中，水溶性良好。     

气相色谱法测定焦麦芽中丙烯酰胺的含量

目的建立毛细管气相色谱法测定焦麦芽中丙烯酰胺的方法。方法样品经水提取,溴化衍生,乙酸乙酯萃取,FFAP毛细管柱分离。结果线性范围0.005~0.5μg.mL-1,最小检出限0.5μg.kg-1,平均回收率85.2%;相对标准偏差为3.9%。结论测得炮制中药焦麦芽中丙烯酰胺平均含量为21.46μg.kg-1。     

气相色谱法测定焦麦芽中丙烯酰胺的含量

OBJECTIVE A capillary GC method was established for the determination of acrylamide in coking malt.METHODS The acrylamide was extracted by water,and then derivatized through bromination.The derivatives were extracted by ethyl acetate,separated by FFAP cap     

Hydrolysis of neostigmine by plasma cholinesterase

Incubation of neostigmine with normal human plasma in vitro results in the formation of two quaternary nitrogen compounds, one of which has been identified as m-hydroxyphenyltrimethylammonium. This hydrolysis is prevented by prior addition of dyflos to plasma in concentrations sufficient to inhibit plasma cholinesterase activity. The significance of these findings is discussed in relation to the occurrence of the same metabolic products in the urine of patients with myasthenia gravis treated with oral neostigmine. No equivalent findings are available for normal subjects since it was not considered justifiable to treat them with neostigmine.     

Hydrolysis of digoxin by acid.

Predictable hydrolysis of [3H]digoxin-12alpha occurred in vitro with incubation in HCl or gastric juice. Hydrolysis varied with pH, time, temperature and agitation. Digoxin, the bis- and mono-digitoxosides of digoxigenin and digoxigenin were separated by silica gel thin-layer chromatography using chloroform-ethyl acetate-glacial acetic acid (25:25:1 v/v) and were quantitated by liquid scintillation spectrometry. Hydrolysis with incubation at 37 degrees and pH 3 for 90 min was minimal, but increased with increasing acidity until greater than 70% was hydrolysed at pH 1-2 after 30 min and greater than 96% after 90 min incubation. At pH 0-9, 87% was hydrolysed after 30 min. In vitro hydrolysis in gastric fluid was slightly less than in HCl at the same pH. A volunteer was given 150 muCi[3H]digoxin-12alpha by nasogastric tube during a pentagastrin infusion when gastric pH was 0-94. He remained on his left side and samples were aspirated at intervals and immediately neutralized. Ethanol-chloroform 50-50 (v/v) extracts of the gastric fluid aspirated after 90 min and of all the urine specimens collected for 5 days were applied to a DEAE Sephadex LH-20 column. The radioactivity appeared in a single peak as digoxigenin in the 90 min gastric aspirate and in all urine specimens. Extensive intragastric hydrolysis of digoxin may occur under conditions of maximum acid output.     

大麦芽的化学成分

目的研究大麦芽的化学成分。方法通过乙醇提取、反复柱色谱、重结晶等分离纯化手段分离纯化了麦芽中的化学成分,并应用UV、MS、NMR等波谱解析和化学方法确定其结构。结果从生麦芽中分离得到6个化合物,分别鉴定为Nbenzoylphenylalanine2benzoylamino3phenylpropylester(1)、豆甾5烯3β醇7酮(2)、5羟甲基糠醛(3)、麦黄酮(4)、β谷甾醇(5)和胡萝卜苷(6)。结论以上所有的化合物均首次从中药麦芽中分离得到;1为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

果胶酶法提取棉花根多糖的工艺研究

目的:优选果胶酶法提取棉花根多糖的工艺。方法:利用果胶酶水解与传统热水浸提相结合的方法提取棉花根多糖,以多糖提取率为评价指标,结合单因素试验和正交设计,考察酶解温度、酶解时间、酶添加量和酶解p H 4个因素对多糖提取率的影响并进行验证试验。结果:果胶酶法提取棉花根多糖的最优工艺为酶解温度40℃、酶解时间150 min、酶添加量2.0%、酶解p H4.6。在此条件下,棉花根多糖的平均提取率为2.474%(RSD=3.34%,n=5)。结论:果胶酶法是一种有效的棉花根多糖提取方法;本试验优选工艺合理、可行。     

天龙仿生酶解有效部位的最佳脱脂工艺研究

目的 考察天龙仿生酶解所得有效部位的最佳脱脂工艺。方法 采用固体石蜡法对天龙仿生酶解液进行脱脂处理,以得膏率和有效成分（天龙总小肽）含量为评价指标,以酶解液浓缩程度、固体石蜡用量、脱脂次数、冷藏时间和温度等为影响因素,分别采用单因素试验和正交试验优选最佳脱脂工艺参数。结果 所得最佳脱脂工艺参数为：取天龙仿生酶解原液,趁热加入相当天龙生药量40%的固体石蜡,加热并搅拌使完全融化,保持微沸5 min,静置冷却至室温,冷藏（2~4℃）6 h,滤过,分离石蜡层,加适量水洗涤2次,合并滤液。结论 所优选的脱脂工艺稳定可行,除脂效果好,有效成分损失少,有助于后续的制剂成型,可为类似含动物药制剂的脱脂工艺提供参考。     

Hydrolysis of peptide esters by different enzymes

The combined use in peptide synthesis of the Fmoc-group with methyl, benzyl or p-nitro benzyl esters is not practical because of the elimination of the Fmoc-group under basic conditions and by catalytic hydrogenation. Nevertheless the solution synthesis of peptides requires those combinations in some cases. For this purpose we have investigated enzymatic hydrolysis of some tri and tetrapeptide esters. The hydrolysis were carried out under pH-control. We measured deprotection of the carboxyl group by thermitase, porcine liver esterase, carboxypeptidase A and x-chymotrypsin. The main problems are to suppress proteolytic degradation of the peptide bond and to bring the protected peptides into solution. To solve both problems we used dimethylformamide and dimethylsulfoxide as cosolvents. The ratios between esterolytic and proteolytic activity were estimated under various cosolvent concentrations. Advantages of this method are to avoid side reactions of alkaline instable side chains (e.g. asparagine, glutamine), cleavage of base labile protecting groups and racemization by alkaline saponification. The enzymatic deprotection was followed by HPLC, HPTLC and titration. On a preparative scale this method gives good yields and sufficently pure products.