~(99)mTc-MIBI心肌显像评价心肌梗死后左心室重构与心功能的关系

目的用放射性核素心肌显像评价心肌梗死不同部位对左心室重构和心功能的影响;溶栓治疗对左心室重构和心功能的影响;心肌梗死后左心室重构对心功能的影响。方法应用放射性核素心肌显像技术检测63例心肌梗死病人舒张末期容积(EDV)、收缩末期容积(ESV)和左室射血分数(LVEF),并根据治疗方法的不同分为溶栓再通组和未溶栓组;根据梗死的不同部位分为前壁心肌梗死组、下壁心肌梗死组。并设正常对照组20名,经病史、体检、心电图、心脏多普勒超声、静息放射性核素心肌显像及冠状动脉造影均正常。结果与正常对照组比较,心肌梗死组左心室EDV和ESV均增加,LVEF降低(P0.01);未溶栓组较溶栓再通组左心室EDV和ESV增加及LVEF明显降低(P0.05);前壁心肌梗死组与下壁心肌梗死组比较,左心室EDV、ESV增加,LVEF降低(P0.05)。结论用放射性核素心肌显像评价心肌梗死后左心室重构及对心脏功能的影响,对临床的治疗及预后的估测具有重要指导意义。     

单硝酸异山梨酯介入99mTc-MIBI再注射心肌断层显像评估心肌存活力

目的　评估静息 99m Tc- MIBI显像及单硝酸异山梨酯介入后 99m Tc- MIBI再注射显像在检测心肌梗死病人心肌存活力方面的差异。方法　对 46例心肌梗死患者进行 99m Tc- MIBI心肌断层显像以及单硝酸异山梨酯静脉介入后 99m Tc- MIBI再注射心肌断层显像。结果　静息 99m Tc- MIBI显像出现灌注异常节段为 30 4个 ,根据心肌放射性分布情况计分 ,平均得分为 1 5.1± 3.8。单硝酸异山梨酯介入 99m Tc- MIBI再注射显像灌注异常节段为 2 63个 ,平均得分为 1 0 .8± 1 .6,两者比较差异有显著性 (P<0 .0 1 )。结论　单硝酸异山梨酯介入 99m Tc- MIBI再注射显像与静息 99m Tc- MIBI显像比较可明显提高对存活心肌检测的灵敏度。     

门控心肌灌注显像中运动诱导体积比与左室暂时性扩大比率相关性分析

目的 通过99mTc-MIBI 运动-静息门控心肌灌注显像分析运动诱导体积比[SIVR(5)]与左室腔暂时性扩大(TID)比率相关性,探讨SIVR(5)的临床应用价值.方法 选取2004年1月-2008年12月在山西医科大学第一医院核医学科行99mTc-MIBI 运动和静息门控心肌灌注显像(GMPI)的可疑冠心病(CAD)患者170例.左室功能参数及TID比率由ECToolbox软件自动处理获得;计算SIVR(5).按ΔLVEF(运动LVEF-静息LVEF)将病人分为心功能正常组(Ⅰ组)及下降组(Ⅱ组).结果 Ⅰ组患者运动较静息左室舒张末期容积(EDV)及左室收缩末期容积(ESV)均有统计学意义(P<0.001).Ⅱ组患者运动EDV较静息无统计学意义(P>0.05).而运动ESV较静息ESV显著扩大,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001).Ⅱ组与Ⅰ组的TID比率、SIVR(5)差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).经直线相关分析,TID比率与SIVR(5)有较低的相关性(r=0.391,P<0.001).结论 SIVR(5) 与TID ratio有较低的相关性,但二者均与运动后ESV扩张有关,作为TID的另一指标,SIVR(5)有一定的临床应用价值.     

~(99m)Tc-MIBI门控心肌灌注断层显像检测冠心病的准确性

目的　评价 99m Tc- MIBI门控心肌灌注断层显像估价冠心病 (CAD)的准确性 ,以及门控心肌灌注断层显像显示心肌损害与冠脉造影的关系。方法　对 93例受检者进行了运动 /静息 99m Tc- MIBI门控心肌灌注断层显像 ,其中 47例有冠脉造影检查 ,冠状动脉狭窄 >50 %为 CAD诊断标准。结果　检测 CAD的灵敏度为 84.84% ,特异性为 85.71 % ,准确性为 92 .0 0 %。正常人组的正常符合率 94%。检测 LAD病变的灵敏度为84.62 % ,LCX为 77.77% ,RCA为 85.71 %。检测 L AD病变的准确性 79% ,LCX为 77% ,RCA为 82 %。 1 2例冠脉造影显示 50 %～ 70 %狭窄者与心肌灌注显像的相关性较差 (r=0 .33,P=NS)。 2 1例冠脉造影显示 >70 %狭窄者与心肌灌注显像有良好的相关性 (r=0 .0 5,P<0 .0 5)。结论　 99m Tc-MIBI门控心肌灌注断层显像可以准确地检测冠心病 ,在避免冠脉造影检查风险方面 ,对老年病人更有实际应用价值     

BHP6603固定角双探头SPECT测定心功能的临床应用价值

目的 评价BHP6603固定角单光子发射计算机断层仪(SPECT)门控心肌灌注显像(MPI)测定左室容积及功能的临床应用价值.方法 选取受试者40例,分别用BHP6603固定角和GE infiniavc可变角双探头SPECT行静息门控心肌灌注检查,采用相同采集模式和处理软件,比较分析两种方法测定的左室容积和功能参数.结果 处理二种设备采集受试者原始图像获得的EDV无统计学意义,而ESV及LVEF均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),但EDV、ESV和LVEF具有很高的相关性.结论 在采集模式、处理软件相同的条件下,BHP6603固定角SPECT测量的EDV、ESV较GE infiniavc可变角SPECT值稍大,而LVEF值略小.但BHP6603固定角与GE infiniavc可变角双探头SPECT在测量左室容积和心功能参数方面有高度的相关性,BHP6603固定角与GEinfiniavc可变角双探头SPECT相比,有同等重要的临床应用价值.     

~(99m)Tc-MIBI门控心肌舒张末期影像与非门控心肌影像检测老年冠心病人的比较

目的　评价 99m Tc- MIBI门控心肌舒张末期影像 (EDI)与非门控心肌影像 (NGI)对检测老年人冠心病的实际应用价值。方法　对 58例己确诊和可疑冠心病患者 (47例有冠脉造影 )进行了 99m Tc- MIBI门控心肌灌注断层显像 ,并比较了门控舒张末期影像 (EDI)与非门控心肌影像(NGI)检测冠心病的诊断效能和一致性。结果　 EDI和 NGI检测冠心病的灵敏度分别为 84.84% (2 8/ 33)和 72 .72 % (2 4 / 33)。 5例冠心病患者中有4例 NGI未检出异常而 EDI发现有缺血。 EDI特异性为 85.71 % (1 2 / 1 4 ) ,NGI为 78.57% (1 1 / 1 4 )。总共检测 2 90个节段中 ,NGI检出 50个节段有心肌缺血 ,EDI为 83个节段 (P<0 .0 5)。两种方法间检测心肌节段异常的一致性为 85.1 7% (2 4 7/ 2 90 )。 EDI显示出比 NGI能检出更多的心肌缺血。结论　 99m Tc- MIBI电路控制心肌灌注断层显像的 EDI是一种有临床实用价值的老年冠心病检测方法     

冠心病左心室功能受损对脑葡萄糖代谢功能影响的相关性研究

目的:测定冠心病左心室功能严重受损患者脑葡萄糖代谢的水平,评价左心室射血分数与脑葡萄糖代谢水平的相关性。方法:入选冠心病患者58例,3d内分别完成~(99m)Tc-MIBI静息门控心肌灌注SPECT/CT(GSPECT)断层显像和~(18)F-FDG门控心肌葡萄糖代谢PET/CT显像(GPET)以及脑葡萄糖代谢PET/CT显像检查。GPET数据采用定量门控心脏断层软件QGS分析,获取左心室功能参数,舒张末期容积(EDV),收缩末期容积参数(ESV)和左心室射血分数(LVEF)。采用脑功能软件Scenium定量分析脑葡萄糖代谢。比较左心室功能严重受损(LVEF≤25%)与无左心室功能严重受损患者(LVEF25%)的脑葡萄糖代谢的差异,分析左心功能参数与脑葡萄糖代谢定量参数之间的相关性。结果:LVEF≤25%的患者(n=17)不同脑功能区的葡萄糖代谢(SUV_(mean))明显低于EF25%的患者(n=41)(P均0.05)。心肌梗死面积≥10%的患者(n=31)不同脑功能区的葡萄糖代谢也明显减低于心肌梗死面积10%的患者(n=27)。Pearson相关分析发现,患者心肌梗死范围(r=-0.344,P=0.008)、LVEF(r=0.311,P=0.017)和ESV(r=-0.269,P=0.041)与小脑葡萄糖代谢SUV_(mean)之间存在相关性,差异均有统计学意义。结论:左心室功能严重受损患者(EF≤25%)和有大范围心肌梗死(≥10%)患者,脑葡萄糖代谢水平明显减低。     

急性心肌梗死后延迟冠状动脉内支架植入术的临床分析

目的通过评价急性心肌梗死(AMI)后延迟冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)对左室重塑、心功能的影响,并分析随访资料,探讨AMI延迟PCI的临床意义.方法 25例PCI病人为治疗组,同期未行PCI的19例病人为对照组,于基线、1个月及6个月3个时间点进行同位素心肌灌注显像检查,同时进行临床资料随访.结果①两组间对左室舒张末容积(EDV)、左室收缩末容积(ESV)及左室射血分数(LVEF)无统计学意义,且不同时间段比较,EDV、ESV及LVEF在不同时间段间无统计意义;EDV、ESV、LVEF各组的不同时间段与治疗方法间无交互作用.②临床事件随访时间6个月～16个月,治疗组复合事件(包括死亡、心肌梗死、脑卒中、心力衰竭、心绞痛等)发生率较低(24.0% VS 57.9% P=0.02).结论AMI后延迟PCI治疗的心脏复合事件发生率较低,但对左室重塑并未显示有利作用,其意义需要进一步大规模临床试验的观察.     

核素心肌灌注显像与门控心血池显像在儿童病毒性心肌炎的应用

目的 :探讨儿童病毒性心肌炎 ( VMC)患者心肌灌注显像与门控心血池显像的临床价值。方法 :应用99m锝 -甲氧基异丁基异腈 ( 99m Tc- MIBI)对 85例患儿进行心肌灌注显像 ,观察心肌的血流灌注情况 ,其中 59例同期进行了 99m Tc-红细胞多门电路心血池显像测定左、右心室收缩和舒张功能及其时相变化。结果 :85例 VMC心肌灌注显像显示前壁、下壁、后壁、前间壁血流受损 ,分别占 76.5% ,34.1 % ,2 0 .0 %和 1 7.6% ,总阳性率为 78.8%。59例门控心血池显像示左室射血分数<50 % ,右室射血分数 <40 % ,最大左室射血率 <2 .1 ,最大左室充盈率 <1 .7者 ,分别占 40 .7% ,1 0 .2 % ,40 .7% ,8.5% ,相角程 >60°占 55.9% ,总异常率为 74.6%。结论 :心肌灌注显像与门控心血池显像能反映心肌血流受损范围和心功能受损程度 ,尤其在了解 VMC心肌病变范围、程度等方法更为突出。     

双核素心肌灌注显像对存活心肌判断

目的 :观察二硝酸异山梨醇酯 (isoket)介入后铊 2 0 1(2 0 1TI)和99mTc 甲氧基异丁基异腈 (MIBI)双核素心肌断层显像检测梗死后存活心肌的敏感性及两种核素间显像结果的一致性。方法 :将 4 0例陈旧性心肌梗死(OMI)患者 ,分为A(12例 )、B(16例 )及C(12例 )三组 ,A、B组分别进行isoket介入后2 0 1TI和99mTc MIBI单核素显像 ,C组进行isoket介入后2 0 1TI及99mTc MIBI双核素心肌显像。结果 :A组摄取2 0 1TI后出现不同程度的灌注异常节段共 6 5个 ,平均得分为 9.7± 1.2。B组摄取99mTc MIBI后出现不同程度的灌注异常节段共 87个 ,平均得分 10 .8± 1.6。C组以不同核素能窗双核素显像后结果2 0 1TI心肌显像检出灌注异常节段共 4 2个 ,平均得分 5 .8± 0 .6 ;99mTc MIBI心肌显像检出灌注异常节段共 4 8个 ,平均得分 6 .1± 0 .8。A组与B及C组两种结果比较 ,均P >0 .0 5。结论 :两种核素对梗死后心肌存活力的评估一致性良好 ;双核素心肌断层显像对梗死后心肌存活力的评估与单核素心肌断层显像是一致的 ,两种显像的结合可提高诊断的准确性     

Research and Evaluation of the Influence of the Construction of the Gate and the Influence of the Piston Velocity on the Distribution of Gases into the Volume of the Casting

Distribution of gasses to the cast volume and volume of pores can be maintained within the acceptable limits by means of correct setting of technological parameters of casting and by selection of suitable structure and gating system arrangement. The main idea of this paper solves the issue of suitability of die casting adjustment—i.e., change of technological parameters or change of structural solution of the gating system—with regards to inner soundness of casts produced in die casting process. Parameters which were compared included height of a gate and velocity of a piston. The melt velocity in the gate was used as a correlating factor between the gate height and piston velocity. The evaluated parameter was gas entrapment in the cast at the end of the filling phase of die casting cycle and at the same time percentage of porosity in the samples taken from the main runner. On the basis of the performed experiments it was proved that the change of technological parameters, particularly of pressing velocity of the piston, directly influences distribution of gasses to the cast volume.     

Weighing the QT Intervals with the Slope or the Amplitude of the T Wave

Objective: The reproducibility of QT interval measurements is low, even for the mean QT interval based on the standard ECG. In this study we analyzed whether the reproducibility of the mean weighed QT interval was better than the simple mean QT interval. The weighing was based on the amplitude of the T wave or the slope of the steepest tangent on the terminal part of the T wave. Material and methods: 12‐lead ECGs of 130 postmyocardial infarction patients were obtained. The QT intervals were measured by the tangent‐method on two occasions by the same observer Mismatch QT intervals were defined as QT intervals that were measured at only one occasion. Sixteen ECGs were rejected. The data were split into 34 and 80 ECGs for optimization and validation of the weighing, respectively. The weighed QT dispersion was calculated as the weighed mean of the three longest minus the weighed mean of the three shortest QT intervals. Results: Weighing with the slope increased the reproducibility by 41% (P = 3 10^‐6), but weighing with the amplitude reduced it by 20% (P = 0.02). However, if measurements with errors above 75 ms were rejected, weighing with the slope or the amplitude increased the reproducibility with 26% and 20% (P = 0.02), respectively. Weighing did not change the reproducibility of the weighed QT dispersion. Conclusion: Weighing with the slope improved the reproducibility of the mean weighed QT interval. However, if measurements with errors above 75 ms were rejected, weighing with the amplitude also increased the reproducibility. Weighing did not change the reproducibility of the weighed QT dispersion. Weighing is particularly efficient at reducing the negative impact of mismatch QT intervals on the reproducibility. A.N.E. 2002;7(1):4–9     

县级以下综合医疗机构医务人员对现代结控知识的认识现状调查

目的本文旨在了解医务人员现代结控知识掌握的现状及培训效果?方法于培训前后进行问卷调查,内容包括:病例发现?结核病诊断及化疗?结果培训前疫情报告和转诊,回答正确者占75.2%?71.7%;对临床表现?查痰和诊断依据,回答正确者占83.5%?42.5%?40.8%;抗痨药物?用药方法?化疗原则?短化方案?短化疗程?治愈标准六项,回答正确者占58%?14.4%?20.8%?9.2%?17%?24.3%?培训后再次调查发现,90%以上医务人员对现代结控基本知识已掌握?结论各级医务人员现代结控知识是很贫乏的,因此,对其进行系统培训是极为必要的,此项工作省时?省力?投入少,可收到事半功倍的效果。     

大骨节病病区水,粮实验对动物的骨和软骨中化学元素组成的影响

用质子激发 X 线荧光分析方法(PIXE)测定了大骨节病病区和非病区的水、粮以及用该水粮喂养的大白鼠的肋软骨和硬骨中22种化学元素的含量。结果发现水粮中存在差异的元素反应在用该水粮喂养的大白鼠的骨、软骨中也存在差异,含量都低的元素有 P、Mn、Cu、As、Zn。都高的有铅。其中锌低在水、粮、硬骨和软骨中都完全一致呈非常显著性差异(p<0.01)。提示病区水、粮中化学元素对骨质的影响不是单一元素缺乏或过多所致,而是多种元素的复合因素。     

Assessment of the Soft-Tissue Seal at the Interface between the Base of the Fixed Denture Pontic and the Oral Mucosa

Fixed dentures (bridges) are often selected as a treatment option for a defective prosthesis. In this study, we assess the contact condition between the base of the pontic and oral mucosa, and examine the effect of prosthetic preparation and material biocompatibility. The molars were removed and replaced with experimental implants with a free-end type bridge superstructure after one week. In Experiment 1, we assessed different types of prosthetic pre-treatment: (1) the untreated control group (Con: mucosa recovering from the tooth extraction); (2) the laser irradiation group (Las: mucosa recovering after the damage caused by a CO₂ laser); and (3) the tooth extraction group (Ext: mucosa recovering immediately after the teeth extraction). In Experiment 2, five materials (titanium, zirconia, porcelain, gold-platinum alloy, and self-curing resin) were placed at the base of the bridge pontic. Four weeks after the placement of the bridge, the mucosa adjacent to the pontic base was histologically analyzed. In Experiment 1, the Con and Las groups exhibited no formation of an epithelial sealing structure on the pontic base. In the Ext group, adherent epithelium was observed. In Experiment 2, the sealing properties at the pontic interface were superior for titanium and the zirconia compared with those made of porcelain or gold-platinum alloy. In the resin group, a clear delay in epithelial healing was observed.     

高胆红素血症对肿瘤标志物测定的影响探讨

目的探讨高胆红素血症对Ca19-9、Ca24-2和CEA检测的影响.方法对320例胆管、胆囊良恶性疾病病人,15例胆囊炎病人的胆汁和血清以及10例肝硬化、10例黄疸肝炎病人进行Ca19-9、Ca24-2和CEA检测.结果在良性胆管、胆囊疾病中,Ca19-9的假阳性最高;在胆红素增高的良性疾病中,Ca19-9假阳性率达46.7%;15例胆汁和血清以及10例肝硬化和10例黄疸肝炎病人中,Ca19-9的假阳性率分别为93%、20%、80%和80%.结论高胆红素血症对Ca19-9检测影响最明显,胆囊、胆管良恶性疾病鉴别时,以Ca24-2和CEA检测为佳.     

Echocardiography in the Emergency Department: From the Perspective of the Emergency Physician and the Cardiologist

Echocardiography performed in the emergency department must adapt to this new setting for noninvasive diagnostic testing. Emergency physicians require echocardiography to provide rapid diagnosis in life-threatening emergencies. New initiatives are being proposed by emergency physicians in the delivery of this test. Cardiologists now use echocardiography in the emergency-department to make the diagnosis of heart disease earlier and with greater accuracy.