表面经喷砂和酸蚀及羟基磷灰石涂层的TA2纯钛种植体对富血小板血浆体外骨诱导能力的影响

目的以表面经喷砂和酸蚀(SLA)及羟基磷灰石(HA)涂层双重处理的TA2纯钛种植体(HA/SLA-TA2)为支架材料,探讨其对富血小板血浆(PRP)体外诱导骨髓基质细胞(BMSCs)向成骨细胞分化能力的影响。方法PRP分别作用于常规培养的BMSCs(对照组)和与HA/SLA-TA2联合培养的BMSCs(实验组),通过扫描电镜观察BMSCs在HA/SLA-TA2表面的生长情况,并对两组细胞的增殖指数、碱性磷酸酶活性、骨钙素含量进行比较。结果实验组细胞生长状态良好,具有成骨细胞特点,其细胞增殖指数于联合培养第5天起明显高于对照组(P<0.05),碱性磷酸酶活性以及骨钙素含量分别于联合培养第9、13天起明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论HA/SLA-TA2是种植体表面骨组织工程较理想的支架材料,BMSCs与HA/SLA-TA2联合培养后,可增强PRP诱导其向成骨细胞分化的能力。     

应用IBAD方法制备纯钛表面多孔TCP／HA涂层材料的微观分析

目的:为了改善钛种植体的生物相容性,对纯钛表面沉积多孔磷酸三钙/羟基磷灰石(Tricalciumphosphate/hydroxyapatite,TCP/HA)复合涂层材料的表面结构和化学成分进行分析,并与沉积羟基磷灰石(Hydroxyapatite,HA)的钛表面进行对比。方法:用离子束辅助沉积方法(Ionbeamassisteddeposition,IBAD)在纯钛表面沉积HA和TCP/HA涂层材料,通过扫描电镜(Scanningelectronmicroscope,SEM)、原子力显微镜(Atomicforcemicroscopy,AFM)、X射线能谱分析(EnergydispersiveX-rayanalysis,EDX)以及X射线衍射(X-raydiffraction,XRD)技术,检测两种涂层材料表面的微观形态和化学成分,并进行比较。结果:SEM和AFM显示TCP/HA涂层材料表面存在多孔结构,表面化学成分分析显示TCP/HA涂层的钙磷比低于HA,XRD证实TCP/HA涂层内同时存在TCP和HA两种化合物。结论:用IBAD方法在纯钛表面成功地沉积了具有多孔结构的TCP/HA复合涂层材料,该涂层材料和基体材料的结合牢固,改善了基体材料的生物相容性,是一种有应用前景的种植体表面涂层材料。     

HA涂层-多孔TiO2-钛基体梯度涂层对MG63的影响

目的:评价微弧氧化(micro-arc oxidation,MAO)与离子束辅助沉积(ion beam assisted deposition,IBAD)相结合的处理方法对钛种植材料表面微形态及成骨活性的影响。方法:利用IBAD技术,在MAO钛材料表面制备羟基磷灰石(hydroxyapatite,HA)涂层,将钛种植材料按照不同表面处理方法分为机械抛光组(S0)、MAO组(S1)和MAO与IBAD相结合组(S2),以S0作为对照组。利用表面形貌仪分析3组材料表面形貌及粗糙度,利用激光共聚焦显微镜观察成骨细胞在材料表面黏附铺展状态;采用MTT法和碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性测定,检测不同处理方法对材料成骨活性的影响。所得数据利用SPSS11.0软件包进行单因素方差分析。结果:S2组材料表面粗糙度略小于S1组;复合培养5d后,S2组细胞增殖水平显著高于其他2组;10d后,2粗糙组ALP活性显著高于S0组。结论:MAO与IBAD技术相结合,在MAO表面制备HA活性层,能够显著促进成骨细胞的黏附增殖,促进成骨细胞的矿化。     

HA涂层-多孔TiO2-钛基体的梯度涂层对MG63的影响

目的:评价微弧氧化(Micro-arc Oxidation,MAO)与离子束辅助沉积(Ion Beam Assisted Deposition,IBAD)相结合的处理方法对钛种植材料表面微形态及成骨活性的影响.方法:利用IBAD技术,在MAO钛材料表面制备羟基磷灰石(Hydroxyapatite,HA)涂层,将钛种植材料按照不同的表面处理方法分为机械抛光组(SO)、MAO组(SI)和MAO与IBAD相结合组(S2),以SO作为对照组.利用表面形貌仪分析3组材料表面形貌及粗糙度,利用激光共聚焦显微镜观察成骨细胞在材料表面黏附铺展状态;采用MTr法和碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性测定的方法,检测不同处理方法对材料成骨活性的影响.所得数据利用SPSS11.0软件包进行单因素方差分析.结果:S2组材料表面粗糙度略小于S1组;复合培养5d后,S2组细胞增殖水平明显高于其他2组;10d后,2粗糙组ALP活性明显高于SO组.结论:MAO与IBAD技术相结合,在MAO表面制备HA活性层,能够明显的促进成骨细胞的黏附增殖,促进成骨细胞的矿化.     

三种不同表面处理的种植体对成骨细胞增殖的比较研究

目的:探讨钛合金表面3种生物陶瓷涂层对成骨细胞黏附、生长、增殖的影响。方法:在钛合金(TLM)基体表面进行喷砂酸蚀和微弧氧化(MAO)技术处理,制备出喷砂酸蚀(SLA)、载银(MAO-Ag)和非载银(MAO)3种不同材料的表面生物陶瓷涂层;扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线能谱(EDX)仪观察分析膜层的表面形貌及元素构成;观察不同材料表面成骨细胞生长状况,通过碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性测定法和四氮唑盐(MTT)法检测不同材料对细胞增殖的影响。结果:微弧氧化制备的涂层表面多孔,能谱分析证实MAO-Ag涂层表面含有银元素;SLA、MAO和MAO-Ag 3种材料均能促进成骨细胞的增殖,并随着时间延长,ALP含量及吸光度(A)值均逐渐升高。MAO组优于SLA组,MAO-Ag组优于MAO组和SLA组,均具有统计学意义。结论:3种表面生物陶瓷涂层均能促进成骨细胞的增殖,MAO-Ag组效果最佳。     

纯钛表面应用微弧氧化法制备不同浓度锌涂层对成骨细胞生物学特性影响的研究

[摘要] 目的 研究应用微弧氧化法在纯钛表面制备不同浓度锌涂层对成骨细胞(MG63)生物学特性的影响。方法 在微弧氧化的电解液中加入一定浓度的钙和3种不同浓度的锌来处理纯钛片,制成低、中、高3种不同浓度的锌涂层,以钙不加锌作为对照组。通过扫描电镜、四甲基偶氮唑盐法(MTT)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)和骨钙素(OC)的检测来分析不同浓度的锌涂层对MG63黏附、增殖和分化的影响。结果 MG63在钙加低锌组表面生长最好,黏附、增殖和分化明显好于其他组,中锌组优于高锌组。结论 应用微弧氧化法处理钛片,低浓度锌的加入可以促进MG63的生长,高浓度锌的加入则抑制MG63的生长。     

初探选择性激光熔融钛表面的形态特征及机械性能

目的 建立SLM处理钛种植体表面,通过机械性能及生物安全性实验探索其应用于种植体表面处理的可能性.方法 制作种植体及钛片样本并分为SLM组,喷砂酸蚀(SLA)组和无处理组,观察表面微形貌,测量表面粗糙度,评价其机械性能.表面使用人牙龈成纤维细胞培养,观察细胞形态和生长增殖情况.结果 SLM组微表面呈蜂窝状、孔隙不规则、...     

不同种植体表面改性对细菌生物膜的影响

目的:研究临床常用的3种钛种植体不同表面处理对口腔内常见菌群牙龈卟啉单胞菌(Porphyromanusgingivalis,P.gingivalis)、具核梭杆菌(Fusobacterium nucleatum,F.nucleatum)及血链球菌(Streptococcus sanguis,S.sanguis)生物膜黏附的影响。方法:将钛片分成3组进行表面改性处理,分别为:电解沉积羟基磷灰石(HA)组、微弧氧化(MAO)组和大颗粒喷砂酸蚀(SLA)组,进行表面性能检测;在3组钛片上分别培养Pg、Fn及Ss 4 d,通过菌落形成单位(CFU)法、噻唑蓝(MTT)法和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)探究细菌的黏附情况。结果:(1)SEM观察表面形貌可见HA组表面大量不规则的棒状结构;MAO表面“火山口”样结构,孔径在0.1~1μm之间;SLA表面为不规则凹陷,大小不一且边缘锋利。3组表面粗糙度Ra值:SLA组0.05);Pg生物膜在MAO组钛片上活性最高,与另外2组有统计学差异(P<0.01)。(3)利用SEM观察显示,细菌活性与种植体表面形态结构有关。结论:细菌在种植体表面黏附受到表面形貌影响,与粗糙度及物理构型有关。对于Pg、Ss和Fn 3种细菌,SLA在3种表面处理中细菌粘附量最少。     

碱酸处理钛基钽涂层对兔骨髓间充质干细胞生物学活性的影响

目的:研究碱酸处理钛基钽涂层对兔骨髓间充质干细胞(rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,rBMSCs)黏附、增殖和成骨分化的影响,为钽涂层人工种植体的临床转化研究提供依据.方法:实验分四组:钛基钽涂层(Ta)组、酸处理(HCl)组、碱处理(NaOH)组、碱酸(NaH)组.通过扫描电镜(SEM)、能量色散X射线光谱仪(EDS)、蛋白吸附实验观察不同处理组表面理化性质的变化.将rBMSCs接种在四组材料表面,通过荧光显微镜、CCK-8、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)染色、茜素红染色及RT-qPCR对Runx2和COL-Ⅰ基因表达分析,评估不同处理组对rBMSCs的黏附、增殖和成骨分化的影响.结果 .SEM和EDS显示HCl组涂层表面形貌和元素组成未见明显改变,NaOH组表面孔隙略有增大且表面钠元素含量显著增高.NaH组涂层孔隙均匀,表面钠元素含量明显降低,且较其它三组对蛋白吸附量增多(P＜0.05).免疫荧光及CCK-8结果表明细胞黏附和增殖能力依次为:NaH组＞NaOH组＞HCl组≈Ta组;ALP染色、茜素红染色发现NaH组和NaOH组有更多深染蓝色颗粒和红色钙化结节;RT-qPCR可见细胞在NaH组表面成骨相关基因Runx2和COL-Ⅰ表达量高于其它三组.结论:碱酸处理的钽涂层表面形貌及成分明显改变,能有效促进rBMSCs黏附、增殖及成骨分化,改善钽涂层表面的生物活性并促进成骨,该法是提升钛基钽涂层人工种植体表面生物活性的有效途径.     

种植体表面粗糙度对成骨细胞增殖及ALP含量的影响

目的:何种粗糙度的种植体能产生最快、最强的骨结合尚有争议,本研究将成骨细胞接种到不同粗糙度的钛盘表面,观察成骨细胞生长、增殖及碱性磷酸酶(alkalinephosphatase,ALP)分泌情况,探讨最适合的种植体表面粗糙度范围。方法:纯钛圆盘试件48个,分为4组,前三组喷砂加双重酸蚀粗化处理,获得表面粗糙度为(1.00±0.20)、(1.67±0.08)、(2.40±0.20)μm的三组试件。未处理的试件粗糙度为(0.12±0.03)μm,作为对照组。将成骨细胞接种到4组试件表面,观察成骨细胞形态、增殖以及ALP含量的变化,并作统计分析。结果:成骨细胞在粗糙度1.00μm的钛盘表面呈单层生长;粗糙度1.67μm的钛盘表面细胞呈立方形,有较多伪足,细胞数量及ALP含量最多;粗糙度2.40μm的试件细胞生长不规则,细胞数量及ALP含量最低。结论:粗糙的种植体表面比光滑表面更有利于成骨细胞的黏附、增殖及表达。其中粗糙度为1.00～2.40μm时成骨细胞增殖和表达最显著。     

The effects of ion beam-assisted deposition of hydroxyapatite on the grit-blasted surface of endosseous implants in rabbit tibiae

PURPOSE: This study was undertaken to evaluate ion beam-assisted deposition (IBAD) of hydroxyapatite (HA) on the grit-blasted surface of endosseous dental implants 6 weeks postplacement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 40 implants was placed in the tibiae of 10 New Zealand white rabbits. Twenty implants were grit-blasted only and the other 20 were grit-blasted and coated with HA by the IBAD method. After 6 weeks of healing, the rabbits were sacrificed and removal torque tests, histomorphometry, and morphometric analysis of microtomographic images were performed. RESULTS: The HA-coated group showed significantly higher removal torque, bone-to-implant contact, and bone volume than the other group. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: In a previous study, the authors suggested that HA coating deposited on a machined surface by the IBAD method showed results comparable to or more favorable than the results obtained with a blasted surface. This study indicated that the HA coating produced by the IBAD method was also very effective on the aluminum oxide-blasted surface, as demonstrated by the early formation of osseointegration. Morphometric analysis by microtomography showed some promise in measuring the osseointegration rate. (More than 50 references.)     

组织工程化骨修复兔下颌骨缺损同期种植体植入的实验研究

目的　观察组织工程化骨修复兔下颌骨缺损同期进行HA/SLA Ti或SLA Ti种植体植入后,种植体与骨床发生骨结合的情况。方法　兔BMSCs复合nHAC及PRP用于修复兔下颌骨颊侧范围为15 mm×15 mm的全层骨缺损,同期分别植入HA/SLA Ti种植体（A组）和SLA Ti种植体（B组）。术后1、3、6个月取材,进行大体标本观察、扫描电镜观察、组织学检查及种植体的推入实验和拉出实验。结果　大体标本观察显示,A组术区逐渐由新生骨组织修复,种植体周围形成较完善的骨结合界面,界面骨成熟;B组术区骨愈合状态佳,但种植体周围仍存在少量纤维组织。扫描电镜结果显示：A组种植体较B组种植体与周围新生骨结合的更紧密。组织学检查的结果显示,A组新生骨与种植体表面直接结合,骨形成较B组种植体表面骨形成提前,B组种植体与新生骨之间存在纤维组织。推入实验和拉出实验结果显示,术后1个月时A、B两组种植体的推入应力和拉出负荷无明显差异,术后3个月后A组种植体的推入应力和拉出负荷明显较B组提高,差异具有统计学意义。结论　修复兔下颌骨缺损的组织工程化骨内同期植入的种植体,可与新生的骨组织形成良好的骨结合,其中HA/SLA Ti种植体的骨结合能力较SLA Ti种植体强,且骨愈合时间也较后者提前。     

Histomorphometric analyses of bone interface with titanium-aluminum-vanadium and hydroxyapatite-coated implants by biomimetic process

PURPOSE: The surface properties of dental implants have been considered directly related to the success of the osseointegrated interface. Hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated implants promote a bioactive surface because they facilitate cellular migration and bone growth, resulting in a faster osseointegration. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study analyzed and compared 2 different implant surfaces: a group composed of titanium implants and another group coated with HA. The HA coating was produced by the biomimetic process to reduce costs. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: After histomorphometric analyses it was possible to demonstrate that there were no statistically significant differences between the groups.     

Histomorphometric analysis of the osseointegration of four different implant surfaces in the femoral epiphyses of rabbits

Objectives: The surface properties of titanium dental implants are key parameters for rapid and intimate bone–implant contact. The osseointegration of four implant surfaces was studied in the femoral epiphyses of rabbits. Material and methods: Titanium implants were either grit‐blasted with alumina or biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) ceramic particles, coated with a thin octacalcium phosphate (OCP) layer, or prepared by large‐grit sand blasting and acid‐etched (SLA). After 2 and 8 weeks of implantation, the bone‐implant contact and bone growth inside the chambers were compared. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and profilometry showed distinct microtopographies. Results: The alumina‐Ti, BCP‐Ti and OCP‐Ti groups had similar average surface roughness in the 1–2 μm range whereas the SLA surface was significantly higher with a roughness averaging 4.5 μm. Concerning the osseointegration, the study demonstrated a significantly greater bone‐to‐implant contact for both the SLA and OCP‐Ti surfaces as compared with the grit‐blasted surfaces, alumina‐ and BCP‐Ti at both 2 and 8 weeks of healing. Conclusion: In this animal model, a biomimetic calcium phosphate coating gave similar osseointegration to the SLA surface. This biomimetic coating method may enhance the apposition of bone onto titanium dental implants.     

Proteomic analysis of the biological response of MG63 osteoblast-like cells to titanium implants

Understanding of the interaction between human MG63 osteoblast-like cells and surfaces is necessary in the field of tissue engineering and biomaterials. Various titanium surfaces are widely used as not only implant materials, but also as miniscrews in orthodontics. Our goal was to assess the proteomic response of MG63 osteoblast-like cells to different titanium surfaces. MG63 osteoblast-like cells were cultured on three different titanium surfaces: a smooth surface (S), a sandblasted with large grit and acid-etched surface (SLA), and a surface coated with a thin layer of hydroxyapatite (HA). Cells grown on the rougher surfaces (SLA and HA) exhibited downregulated cell proliferation and morphological changes. In the proteomic analysis, cells grown on the SLA surface showed upregulated expression of protocadherin-β3 precursor, kinase insert domain receptor, fibroblast growth factor receptor-3, and insulin-like growth factor I, while the expression levels of cell adhesion kinase, collagen α-1(I) chain precursor, collagen type XI α2, and cadherin-11 were upregulated in cells grown on the HA surface. These proteins are known to be involved in osteoblast adhesion, growth, and differentiation. Thus, the surface properties of dental materials can influence the expression of proteins involved in osseointegration-related processes. Proteomic analysis may reveal changes in novel proteins that explain why osseointegration varies depending on surface properties.     

Human histologic and histomorphometric analyses of hydroxyapatite-coated implants after 10 years of function: a case report

PURPOSE: No consensus exists on the long-term performance of hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings on dental implants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term stability of the HA coating in a human autopsy specimen. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two mandibular HA-coated implants were retrieved postmortem from a woman after 10 years of functional loading with an implant/tooth-supported fixed partial denture. After ground sectioning, the specimens were histomorphometrically analyzed. RESULTS: Direct bone-implant contact was found at 78.48% of the implant surface. HA coating disappearance had occurred in a few areas (22.75%), but bone was in direct apposition to the titanium surface. Bone volume measured 27.66%, and expected bone-implant contact was 37.55%. No inflammatory reaction was seen in the supracrestal soft tissues or the bone compartment. DISCUSSION: Most of the HA coating was maintained on the implants, and areas lacking HA were directly apposed by bone. This observation suggests that the underlying titanium surface should have a macro-texture to promote the adaptation of bone to the titanium surface in case of HA disappearance, as well as to decrease failure at the HA-titanium interface. CONCLUSIONS: In a patient in whom prosthetic treatment was appropriately performed and proper plaque control was maintained, the HA coating was not damaged and contributed to the success of the implant over 10 years of clinical functioning.     

喷砂酸蚀对超细晶纯钛表面MC3T3-E1细胞粘附与增殖的影响

目的:研究喷砂酸蚀对超细晶纯钛表面MC3T3-E1细胞粘附与增殖的影响。方法:将超细晶纯钛棒和纯钛棒切割为直径6 mm,厚度3 mm钛片试件,试验组为喷砂酸蚀超细晶纯钛组,对照组分别为未处理的超细晶纯钛组和喷砂酸蚀纯钛组。在对其表面形貌特征和亲水性进行检测后,在试件表面接种MC3T3-E1细胞,观察细胞的初期粘附情况,测定细胞密度,存活和生长状态。结果:喷砂酸蚀超细晶纯钛后,其表面形成大量微小的弹坑状凹陷,且表面具有良好的亲水性。接种细胞后,喷砂酸蚀超细晶纯钛初期粘附优于对照组;细胞密度在培养中后期优于对照组;而细胞活性在培养中期优于两对照组,培养后期3组间无明显差异。结论:喷砂酸蚀超细晶纯钛的表面性能得到改善,能诱导MC3T3-E1细胞在其表面粘附和增殖,可作为纯钛种植体种植体的替代材料。     

Effects of ion beam-assisted deposition of hydroxyapatite on the osseointegration of endosseous implants in rabbit tibiae.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of coating implants with hydroxyapatite (HA) by an ion beam-assisted deposition (IBAD) method and to compare them with implants prepared with sand-blasted and machined surfaces. Examination of osteoblast cultures displayed no difference in the secretion of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) between the various surfaces, but the IBAD-HA specimen showed low ALP secretion (P < .05). Removal torque tests showed that implants coated with HA by the IBAD method had values similar to the implants with a sandblasted surface, but values for the machined-surface implants differed. Implants placed in a group of ovariectomized rabbits showed lower mechanical test values than implants placed in sham-operated rabbits (P < .05). Implants coated with HA by the IBAD method demonstrated the highest mean bone-to-metal contact ratio on all threads and on the 3 best consecutive threads, followed by the implants with a sandblasted surface and implants with a machined surface (P < .05). Hydroxyapatite-coated implants showed a slightly higher bone-to-implant contact ratio than sandblasted implants, but no statistically significant difference was seen between the 2 materials. The implants placed in ovariectomized rabbits showed lower amounts of bone-to-metal contact than the implants placed in sham-operated rabbits, but no statistically significant difference was seen between the 2 groups. Evaluation of bone volume on all threads and the 3 best consecutive threads showed no statistically significant difference among the different surface treatment groups, but lower bone volume was seen in the ovariectomized rabbits than in the sham-operated animals (P < .05).