大面积深度烧伤应用混合皮肤嵌植与微粒皮移植的比较

目的 了解大而积深度烧伤后混合皮肤嵌植与微粒皮移植疗效的差异. 方法 回顾性总结笔者单位1992-2008年17年间收治的101例大面积深度烧伤患者临床资料.将患者分为混合嵌植组52例、微粒皮组49例.比较2组患者首次自体供皮面积、首次自体皮覆盖创面面积,首次自体皮移植成活率、自体皮理论扩展倍数、自体皮实际扩展倍数、自体供皮总面积,以及术后残余创面情况、大关节功能状况等. 结果 混合嵌植组、微粒皮组的首次自体供皮面积分别为(3.25±0.48)%、(3.01±0.21)%TBSA,首次自体皮覆盖创面面积分别为(30.4±3.6)%、(41.4±1.3)%TBSA,首次自体皮移植成活率分别为(99.9±1.9)%、(87.5±6.8)%,自体皮理论扩展倍数分别为(9.5±1.3)、(13.9±1.4)倍,自体皮实际扩展倍数分别为(9.5±1.3)、(12.0±1.5)倍,上述指标组间比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);混合嵌植组、微粒皮组自体供皮总面积分别为(14.2±1.9)%、(14.0±2.1)%TBSA,2组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).混合嵌植组、微粒皮组残余创面超过0.5%TBSA者分别有23例占44.2%、37例占75.5%;混合嵌植组大关节功能状况较好者34例占65.4%,微粒皮组18例占36.7%. 结论 微粒皮移植法自体皮扩展倍数明显大于混合嵌植法,能更充分利用有限皮源;混合嵌植法创而愈合质量和大关节功能恢复状况优于微粒皮移植法.     

亲属皮覆盖自体微粒皮治疗小儿严重深度烧伤

我们自1994年6月开始应用亲属献皮覆盖自体微粒皮移植治疗严重深度烧伤的婴幼儿患者12例，效果满意c临床资料本组12例，年龄8个月～3岁．烧伤面积15V～68／，m度面积13／～STX．微粒度多取自患儿头皮，按张明良的力法将自体个厚皮片剪成约1n。nlXInlm人小。手术时患儿的父亲同时献皮，均自头皮或背部切取中厚皮片，用丝线拼接成创面大小。除回例肉芽创面因感染导致亲属皮片成活率仅85％外，其余切痴创面亲属皮片成活率98％～100％。本组12例全部治愈，创面平均愈合时间35天，供受区之比为1：15～且：22。讨论亲属献皮治疗严重深度烧伤患…     

异种(猪)脱细胞真皮基质与头皮薄皮片复合移植

目的探索异种(猪)脱细胞真皮基质与头皮薄皮片复合移植在整形修复方面应用的可行性.方法将制备好的异种(猪)脱细胞真皮基质移植于烧伤切痂、肉芽及瘢痕切除的创面上,4～5 d后再移植自体头皮薄皮片,并观察其成活率,以及创面修复后的质量.结果 15例25个创面,脱细胞真皮基质的成活率(96.40±2.60)%,头皮薄皮片的成活率(97.44±3.50)%,创面愈合后皮肤的颜色与正常皮肤近似,外观平整,弹性良好,无明显的瘢痕增生,相当或接近于自体大张中厚皮片移植的修复效果.结论异种(猪)脱细胞真皮基质与自体头皮薄皮片复合移植,成活率高,整复效果较为满意,头皮供区可反复供皮而不留瘢痕及影响头发生长,是修复深度烧伤及瘢痕切除后创面的可行手术方法.     

微粒皮移植修复供皮区创面

目的：本研究的目的在于探讨应用微粒皮移植修复供皮区创面,预防供皮区继发性瘢痕形成的体会。方法：用少量自体表皮或瘢痕表皮制成约０．１～０．２ｍｍ＾３微粒皮浆,移植覆盖于中厚或厚中厚度片的供皮区创面上。结果：治疗５０例病人,显示：微粒皮生长良好,扩展迅速,创面愈合加快,愈合后皮肤颜色、质地均匀一致,继发瘢痕轻,无明显增生瘢痕及色素沉着,均好于对照组。随访３６例６～１２个月表明,微粒皮移植后的供皮区继发     

无细胞真皮基质与自体皮片复合移植的临床应用

目的：改善烧伤创面移植皮片愈合后皮肤的外形和功能,并减轻供皮区瘢痕增生。方法：应用自制的无细胞真皮基质与自体刃厚皮片复合移植于4例切（或削）痂后的烧伤创面。结果：未发现对复合移植皮片的排异反应。创面愈合后,大体观察发现移植自体网状皮片及自体小皮片的轮廓界面变得不明显或基本消失,自体大张皮片与真皮基质复合移植区出现较厚而特殊的脱屑,均反映了愈合过程的特殊性。光镜和电镜观察发现复合皮片移植区棘细胞间桥粒清晰,基底膜连续而完整等。与对照部位相比,复合皮片移植区瘢痕增生减轻,未见明显挛缩,皮肤弹性较好。结论：在3－4个月的观察期内,自体刃厚皮片与无细胞真皮基质复合移植后,功能和形态等同或优于单纯自体刃厚皮片移植。     

自体微粒皮与异体皮混合移植治疗特重度烧伤

目的探讨运用自体微粒皮移植与异体皮混合移植在特重度度烧伤创面治疗效果。方法对我科与2002年1月～2006年12月应用自体微粒皮与异体皮混合移植治疗特重度烧伤19例的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果18例特重度烧伤患者存活,自体微粒皮生长良好,创面覆盖率达到95％以上。所以患者接受随访5～12个月,供、受皮区未见明显瘢痕或仅有轻度瘢痕,愈合后皮肤外观、弹性及功能恢复较好。结论早期自体微粒皮与异体皮混合移植治疗特重度烧伤效果良好,患者存活率高。     

脱细胞猪真皮与自体微粒皮复合移植大面积烧伤的护理

大面积深度烧伤治疗的最大难题是自体皮源不足,微粒皮的应用基本解决了自体皮源不足的问题,但因其覆盖物（同种异体皮）价格昂贵,影响了微粒皮移植的广泛开展和应用。临床中应用脱细胞猪真皮与自体皮片复合移植治疗烧伤创面的方法较多见,但应用脱细胞猪真皮与白体微粒皮复合移植治疗大面积烧伤报道较少。     

人工真皮复合自体刃厚皮片修复全层皮肤缺损创面的临床研究

目的:探讨人工真皮复合自体刃厚皮片修复全层皮肤缺损创面的临床效果.方法:于2009年至2011年采用人工真皮复合自体刃厚皮片修复全层皮肤缺损创面20例(治疗组),并从同期采用单纯中厚皮片移植修复的全层皮肤缺损患者中,随机抽取2 0例作为对照组,对比评估供皮区愈合时间,治疗6个月后植皮区存活皮片色泽及质地.结果:治疗组移植皮片的色泽和质地明显优于对照组(P＜0.05),而供皮区愈合时间短.结论:人工真皮复合自体刃厚皮片移植是修复全层皮肤缺损创面的一种新的有效方法.     

自体刃厚头皮片移植厚中厚皮片供区以抑制瘢痕增生

目的:探讨应用自体刃厚头皮片移植厚中厚皮片供区以抑制瘢痕增生的可行性及应用效果。方法:烧伤后全身大范围的增生性瘢痕患者24例,行功能部位的增生性瘢痕切除,应用非功能部位的大张厚中厚皮片修复,厚中厚皮片供区应用刃厚头皮片移植修复。结果:24例患者非功能部位厚中厚皮片供区经刃厚头皮片移植后,未见有明显的瘢痕增生。经随访半年至2年11例,2年以上3例,均未见有明显的瘢痕增生。头皮片供区无瘢痕形成,头发生长良好。结论:应用自体刃厚头皮片移植厚中厚皮片供区抑制瘢痕增生是一种可行的方法,值得临床推广。     

大面积深度烧伤创面修复的新途径

大面积深度烧伤的创面修复贯穿烧伤治疗的全过程 ,是烧伤治疗的关键。只有及时、有效地覆盖创面 ,才能达到治疗的目的。由于大面积深度烧伤患者 (烧伤总面积 >90 %或Ⅲ度面积 >70 %TBSA)自体皮源缺乏 ,如何解决这一难题 ,多年来一直被人们所关注。196 6年上海第二医科大学瑞金医院烧伤科创建早期分批切痂自体皮与异体 (种 )皮混合移植法 ,将大张异体皮等距离开洞 ,嵌植断层自体小片皮 ,自体皮片的面积不小于 0 .3cm× 0 .3cm ,皮片间距不超过 1cm ,当自体皮片和异体皮片边缘吻合后 ,异体皮片出现脱屑现象 ,创面最终将随着自体皮片扩展而被…     

烧伤后期特大未愈创面伴脓毒症患者的救治

This article analyzed the medical records of a patient with 90％ TBSA unhealed wound accompanied with wound sepsis 50 days post burn (PBD) and to discuss the ideal strategies of treatment for such patients in such condition.This was a 24-year-old male patient suffering from flame burn with 95％ TBSA wound and severe inhalation injury.Meek skin grafting with autologous scalp was performed once to the thoracic and abdominal regions; intermingled skin grafting of autologous scalp microskin and large sheet of allograft was performed twice to the limbs within PBD 31.The patient was transferred to our hospital on PBD 50 with 90％ TBSA wound unhealed,leaving a vast amount of necrotic tissue and allografts.Furthermore,he was complicated by sepsis,pulmonary infection,and gastric ulcer.Debridement and allogenic skin grafting were performed on the first day after hospitalization.When the condition of wounds was improved,transplantation of a large sheet of allogenic skin with inlaid small pieces of autologous skin,intermingled skin grafting of autologous and allogenic skin,and small pieces of autologous skin grafting were performed.Because of the shortage of donor area,the exposed wounds were temporarily covered with allogeneic skin.Epidermal growth factor was used to promote the healing of autologous skin donor site and deep partial-thickness bum wound.Autologous skin grafting was performed whenever source of healthy skin was available.Systemic use of effective antibiotics,nutritional support and therapy,and other comprehensive measures also contributed to the success of treatment of this patient suffering from wound sepsis.The patient was cured and discharged on PBD 145.     

Full-thickness skin columns: A method to reduce healing time and donor site morbidity in deep partial-thickness burns

The current standard of care for the coverage of large wounds often involves split thickness skin grafts (STSGs) which have numerous limitations. One promising technique that has gained traction is fractional autologous skin grafting using full-thickness skin columns (FTSC). Harvesting occurs orthogonally by taking numerous individual skin columns containing the epidermis down through the dermis and transferring them to the wound bed. The purpose of this porcine study was to investigate the efficacy of implanting FTSCs directly into deep partial-thickness burn wounds, as well as examining donor site healing at the maximal harvest density. It was hypothesised that by utilising FTSCs, the rate of healing in deep partial thickness burns can be improved without incurring the donor morbidity seen in other methods of skin grafting. Deep partial-thickness burns were created on the dorsum of female red duroc swine, debrided 3 days later and FTSCs were implanted at varying expansion ratios directly into the burn wounds. At day 14, 1:50 expansion ratio showed significantly faster re-epithelialisation compared to the debrided burn control and 1:200. Donor sites (at 7%–10% harvest density) were 100% re-epithelialised by day 7. Additionally, the maximal harvest density was determined to be 28% in an ex vivo model, which then five donor sites were harvested at 28% density on a red duroc swine and compared to five STSG donor sites. At maximal harvest density, FTSC donor sites were significantly less hypopigmented compared to STSGs, but no significant differences were observed in re-epithelialisation, contraction, blood flow or dermal thickness. In conclusion, implantation directly into deep partial-thickness burns is a viable option for the application of FTSCs, favouring lower expansion ratios like 1:50 or lower. Little difference in donor site morbidity was observed between FTSC at a maximal harvest density of 28% and STSGs, exceeding the optimal harvest density.     

Treatment of burns by grafting of cultured epithelium

The most serious problem in the treatment of extensive burns is a lack of sufficient healthy skin for coverage of the affected area. Several methods have been used for the coverage of extensive burn wounds. The grafting of cultured epithelium is a potentially effective method for a permanent covering of the wound, particularly in patients with extensive burns. The condition of the recipient site is the most important factor in the success of cultured epithelium grafting and the preservation of the dermis or dermal components in the burned area will enhance the grafting process. We recommend that prior to the grafting of cultured epithelial cells, the burn wounds should be excised and covered with an allograft or artificial dermis during the first 2 weeks after admission. An allograft of cultured epithelium is also useful. This method accelerates the epithelialization of both the burn and donor sites. It is expected that cultured epithelial cell grafts will prove to be an effective treatment not only for extensive burns but also to epithelialize small area burn wounds and resurfaced burn scars.     

脱细胞异体真皮在烧伤后瘢痕修复中的应用

目的：探讨脱细胞异体真皮在烧伤后期瘢痕修复中的应用价值。方法：2006年2月-2007年2月入院治疗的21例烧伤后遗留瘢痕患者（A组）,采用切开并充分松解挛缩的瘢痕组织,利用脱细胞异体真皮加自体刃厚皮移植于继发创面的方法治疗。随机抽取同期21例采用瘢痕松解切除后进行中厚皮移植的患者（B组）及21例进行次全厚皮移植的患者（C组）作对照,比较3组患者的皮片成活情况以及术后1年的随访情况。结果：A组中皮片坏死率较其余两组略高;1年后随访发现,A组在受皮区皮片挛缩程度,外观平整度、色素改变及供皮区瘢痕形成方面均明显优于B组,与C组相当;C组仅适用于较小瘢痕的修复。结论：脱细胞异体真皮加自体皮复合移植是烧伤后期瘢痕修复的有效手段。     

Innovative technique using heterogenous collagen and intermingled autologous split-thickness skin graft for coverage of raw areas in deep burns with paucity of donor site as a life-saving measure

Burns injuries are extremely complex and elicit physiological and metabolic interactions involving all major organ systems. These pathological changes occur in a time dependent manner. In the last decades, burn care has improved, so the trend in the current treatment extends beyond the preservation of life. Thus, ultimate goal is complete rehabilitation of the burn victims. To investigate the effectiveness of the use of heterogenous collagen and intermingled autologous split-thickness skin for early coverage of raw areas in deep burns with paucity of donorsite as a life saving measure. A total of 10 subjects between the age group of 5 to 30 years (mean age 22 years) who sustained deep burns with total burn area from 60% to 80% (mean 72 %) and full thickness burn from 40% to 50% (mean 44 %) were treated with collagen and autologous split thickness graft sheets. Complete wound epithelialization took between 30 to 50 days.Rejection of collagen within 5 days was observed in only 1 out of 10 subjects and 2 subjects demonstrated incomplete epithelialization. A total of 9 out of 10 patients survived and 1 patient expereienced death due to an acute rejection reaction. The combination of collagen andsplit thickness skin grafting is an effective method to cover the wounds and achieved satisfactory healing pattern, a minimal rejection phenomenon and good survival rates. Moreover, it can be efficient as a life saving measure in deep burns with few donor areas available for grafting specially for developing and third world nations where expensive facilities like CEA are not feasible.     

生长激素在成人大面积深度烧伤的应用

OBJECTIVE: To determine the wound healing effect of rHGH in adult burn patients. METHODS: 16 patients with burn wounds covering over 60% of total body surface (TBSA) were enrolled in this placebo controlled prospective study. They were comparable in nutrient intake, TBSA, and full thickness burn area. rHGH group patients were given rHGH subcutaneously in the dose of 0.3u.Kg-1 at 8 am each morning for 10 days beginning from POD 1. The control group patients were given normal saline as placebo. All the patients received scar excision within 4 days postburn, and the excision wounds were covered with autologous skin pulp grafting. Serum amino acid profile was analyzed at day 1 and day 20 post burn. Healing time of burn wound area and donor site was recorded. Wound healing rate was assessed at day 30 after day. RESULTS: 1. The healing time of autologous skin pulp grafting and donor site, and the length of hospital stay were significantly shorter in GH group patients than control group. 2. The amino acid profile showed no difference between two groups at day 1 and was significantly better in GH group at day 20. CONCLUSION: rHGH could enhance the wound healing rate, improve amino acid profile, and reduce the length of hospital stay of severe burn patients.     

自体表皮细胞-纤维蛋白膜创面移植治疗大鼠烧伤

目的：观察自体表皮细胞-纤维蛋白膜移植到大鼠烧伤创面治疗皮肤缺损的效果。方法：健康Wistar大鼠20只,随机分成烧伤皮肤缺损造模组和自体表皮细胞-纤维蛋白膜移植治疗组,治疗后计算表皮细胞在纤维蛋白膜上最佳接种密度,观察移植后的各组创面愈合情况、创面伤口的收缩比例等。结果：在纤维蛋白膜上接种表皮细胞的最佳密度为5×10^4／cm2,烧伤皮肤缺损造模组创面完全愈合时间平均22．3d,自体表皮细胞-纤维蛋白膜移植治疗组为18．1d,造模组创面收缩率为（70±5）％,移植组为（20±5）％（均P〈0．05）。结论：自体表皮细胞-纤维蛋白膜可用于覆盖大面积烧伤造成的皮肤缺损,预防创面伤口瘢痕化的形成,减轻创面收缩率,加速皮肤缺损创面的愈合速度。     

人工真皮复合自体刃厚皮移植与自体皮瓣移植修复手部深度软组织缺损的比较研究

目的:比较人工真皮复合自体刃厚皮移植与自体皮瓣移植在修复手部深度软组织缺损中的临床效果.方法:选取2013年1月-2016年12月我科收治的手部深度软组织缺损患者22例,按手术方法不同分为两组,观察组采用人工真皮联合自体刃厚皮修复手部缺损,对照组采用自体皮瓣进行修复.采用温哥华瘢痕量表评分比较两组患者术后随访半年期间手部及供区瘢痕增生情况,观察术后手部外观及功能恢复情况、患者对治疗效果的满意度等.结果:术后随访半年,观察组手部瘢痕增生评分[(2.27±1.19)分]明显少于对照组[(4.09±1.83)分];观察组供皮区瘢痕增生评分[(1.02±0.94)分]明显少于对照组[(5.27±2.15)分];术后外观上,观察组无明显异常,对照组则臃肿明显,其中8例选择进行二次修复手术;观察组手功能恢复明显优于对照组;患者满意度(90.9％)高于对照组(63.6％).结论:对于手部深度组织缺损的修复,应用人工真皮联合自体刃厚皮进行修复效果确切,术后手部瘢痕增生少,功能恢复好,供区损伤大大降低,相比自体皮瓣进行修复拥有明显优势.     

复合皮移植修复烧伤功能部位创面疗效评价

目的探讨脱细胞同种异体真皮与自体刃厚皮复合移植修复深度烧伤功能部位创面的疗效。方法 2002年6月-2008年12月,收治30例烧伤及瘢痕整形患者共42个创面。男25例,女5例;年龄3～52岁,中位年龄31岁。烧伤24例35个创面,其中深Ⅱ度23个创面,Ⅲ度12个创面;病程3～45 d,平均24 d。瘢痕整形6例7个创面;病程9～21 d,平均16 d。42个创面分别位于颈部2个,手部4个,前臂及肘部8个,肩部3个,腘窝6个,膝部4个,小腿及足踝部15个。彻底清创、削痂及切除瘢痕后,创面范围为10 cm×10 cm～30 cm×20 cm。采用一步法将脱细胞同种异体真皮与自体刃厚皮复合移植修复创面。结果术后27例39个(92.9%)创面复合皮移植完全成活;3例3个(7.1%)创面复合皮部分坏死,分别经换药和自体皮片移植术后愈合。患者均获随访,随访时间30～34个月,平均32个月。复合皮有轻度色素沉着,外观平整,质地柔软,弹性好,皮肤耐磨;复合皮无挛缩及瘢痕增生,功能部位活动正常。刃厚皮供皮区未见瘢痕增生。结论脱细胞同种异体真皮与自体刃厚皮复合移植修复功能部位深度烧伤及瘢痕整形创面,可获得良好外形及功能。