颈内动脉血泡样动脉瘤的血管内治疗

目的 研究计划性、分期血管内栓塞在颈内动脉血泡样动脉瘤治疗中的作用.方法 回顾性分析6例颈内动脉血泡样动脉瘤病人的临床资料,Hunt-Hess分级Ⅰ级1例,Ⅱ级3例,Ⅲ级2例.首次治疗均采用单纯多支架植入,随访动脉瘤再通则辅助弹簧圈栓塞.结果 初次术后动脉瘤完全栓塞2例,次全栓塞3例,不全栓塞1例.随访6～18个月,平均6.3个月.DSA显示动脉瘤再通3例,其中予再次辅助弹簧圈栓塞2例;行动脉瘤孤立及颈内动脉闭塞术1例,术后发生出血性脑梗死.术后6个月mRS评分:1分(恢复良好)5例,3分(恢复差)1例.结论 颈内动脉血泡样动脉瘤先行单纯多支架植入,随访动脉瘤再通则辅助弹簧圈栓塞,是一种安全而有效的治疗方法.     

Willis覆膜支架治疗颈内动脉血泡样动脉瘤的疗效分析

目的 探讨Willis覆膜支架治疗颈内动脉血泡样动脉瘤（BBA）的安全性和有效性。方法 回顾性分析2015年12月至2019年1月采用Willis覆膜支架治疗的15例颈内动脉BBA的临床资料。结果 15例共用16枚支架，均成功置入载瘤动脉。术后即刻造影动脉瘤均不显影，1例术中破裂出血，1例围手术期出血，1例围手术期急性支架内血栓形成。12例进行造影随访，13例临床随访；随访时间3~30个月，平均12.1个月；10例动脉瘤完全不显影，载瘤动脉通畅；1例术后3个月原动脉瘤部位局部膨出，1例术后26个月CTA示左侧颈内动脉闭塞，没有神经功能的受损；mRS评分0分11例，1分1例，5分1例。结论 Willis覆膜支架治疗颈内动脉BBA是安全有效的，尚需更长时间的随访和较大样本的随机对照研究来证实     

Successful treatment of a blood blister-like aneurysm of the internal carotid artery by trapping with a high-flow bypass.

Treatment of blood blister-like aneurysms of the internal carotid artery (ICA) is difficult because the wall of the aneurysm is fragile and there is a high risk of rebleeding. There has been no consensus on the best way to treat these aneurysms. A 32-year-old woman presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) caused by a ruptured blood blister-like aneurysm of the ICA. The site of the aneursym was clipped. Although angiography 1week after the operation showed that the aneurysm had been treated successfully, 3 weeks after the initial operation, the aneurysm was found to have recurred to the distal side. In a second operation, the aneurysm was successfully treated by trapping with a high-flow bypass. This case shows that clipping of the rupture site can be insufficient to treat blood blister-like aneurysm of the ICA causing SAH, even if the aneurysm seems to have resolved in follow-up angiographic studies. Trapping of the ICA with a bypass, if necessary a high-flow bypass, is recommended.     

Endovascular treatment of blood blister-like aneurysms of internal carotid artery: Stent-assisted coiling and pipeline flow diversion

ObjectiveTo report the stent-assisted coil embolization and flow diversion treatments of blood-blister-like aneurysms based on the theory of acute dissection of the internal carotid artery.Patients and methodsFrom July 2016 through July 2020, 27 patients presenting with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) due to rupture of internal carotid artery blood blister-like aneurysms were subjected to endovascular treatment with stent-assisted coiling or Pipeline flow diversion. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using modified Rankin Scale score (mRS).ResultsA proximal stenosis caused by angiopathology adjacent to aneurysms were found on internal carotid artery angiograms in all 27 cases. The angiopathology combining with the aneurysms implement that acute dissection of the supraclinoid segment of the internal carotid artery indicated the pathogenesis of blood blister-like aneurysm formation. All aneurysms were treated successfully with alleviation of the adjacent angiopathology after stenting on angiograms. During 1–12 months, mean 3.5 months, complete aneurysm obliteration without adjacent stenosis were found in 25(92.6%) patients. Two (7.4%) cases of recanalization were retreated with complete obliteration at 1 week and 3 months after initial treatment. Clinical mRS 0 and 1 outcomes were observed in 23(85.2%) patients, mRS 2 in 3(11.1%) patients and mRS 6 in 1(3.7%) not related to aneurysm treatment during follow-up.ConclusionsAcute focal dissection of supraclinoid segment of internal carotid artery underlies the development of blood blister-like aneurysm. Stent-assisted coiling and flow diversion treatments constitute appropriate treatment based on the arterial dissection pathology.     

Endovascular treatment of internal carotid artery giant aneurysm by embolization of the parent artery using a detachable balloon

A giant, unclippable right ICA aneurysm located partially intracavernously is reported with neck deriving at C3 level. The aneurysm caused optic chiasm compression, progressive left eye vision loss and exophthalmus as well as persistent headache. The presence of the aneurysm was first found in CT and confirmed by angiography. After having performed the temporary occlusion test of right ICA the ICA was permanently occluded with a detachable balloon. Control angiography showed complete occlusion of right ICA and no opacification of the aneurysm sac from vertebral and left carotid arteries.     

Endovascular treatment of a giant aneurysm of the internal carotid artery in a child with visual loss: case report

We report on a case of a giant aneurysm of the internal carotid artery in a 11-year old boy presenting with gradual unilateral visual loss, combined with slight headache and retro-orbital pain. Endovascular balloon occlusion of the internal carotid artery combined with monitoring of somatosensory evoked potentials was performed. Follow-up MR imaging six months after balloon occlusion revealed complete thrombosis and considerable retraction of the aneurysm. However, visual loss persisted, since therapy was initiated too late and optic nerve atrophy had already occurred. It is important to emphasize that visual disturbance should be considered as an emergency, and, although rare, aneurysms do occur in the pediatric population.     

颈内动脉血泡样动脉瘤的CTA诊断

目的 分析颈内动脉血泡样动脉瘤(BBA)CT三维血管重建(CTA)的诊断价值及形态特征. 方法 回顾性分析广州军区广州总医院神经外科自2008年1月至2009年12月收治的143例自发性蛛网膜下腔出血(SAH)患者资料.所有患者均先后行CTA及DSA检查,并对结果进行对比分析. 结果 所有患者经平扫CT诊断为自发性SAH,其中6例经DSA确诊为颈内动脉BBA.该6例患者中4例在DSA检查之前即经CTA确诊,未经CTA确诊的2例患者中1例后虽经DSA检查明确,但回顾分析CTA仍未发现明确病变.全部6例患者均经血管内支架治疗,术后均单纯经DSA随访,平均随访时间8.3个月(6～18个月).4例患者复发并再手术. 结论 当自发性SAH经CTA检查未发现明确原因时,有必要进行详细的DSA检查,以除外是否存在颈内动脉BBA.     

颈内动脉巨大动脉瘤的血管内治疗

目的探讨血管内栓塞方法治疗颈内动脉巨大动脉瘤的效果和安全性。方法回顾性分析3例应用弹簧圈进行瘤腔内栓塞和27例应用载瘤动脉闭塞方法治疗的颈内动脉巨大动脉瘤的结果和随访资料。结果2例瘤腔内栓塞动脉瘤的患者症状完全消失;1例患者出现缺血性并发症,半年后随访动脉瘤再通。球囊闭塞载瘤动脉的患者1例出现迟发缺血性症状;1例吻合支开放,3个月后患者出血死亡;其余患者症状均有不同程度改善。结论颅内巨大动脉瘤是否进行瘤囊内弹簧圈栓塞需要综合考虑各种条件,采用个体化的治疗方案。球囊闭塞载瘤动脉是比较安全有效的方法。     

Radiation-induced aneurysm of the cavernous internal carotid artery

We report a case of intra-cranial aneurysm of the left cavernous internal carotid artery occurring 27 years after radiotherapy of the pterygopalatine fossa for Hodgkin disease. The development of the aneurysm within the irradiation field, the long latency after radiotherapy, the normality of carotid angiography before radiotherapy and the absence of other etiologies led to the diagnosis of radiation-induced aneurysm. The main characteristics of radiation-induced intra-cranial aneurysms are reviewed.     

Endovascular treatment of aneurysm arising from fenestration of the supraclinoid internal carotid artery--two case reports

We report two cases of aneurysm located in a fenestration of the supraclinoid internal carotid artery, an extremely rare anatomical variant, and describe the feasibility of endovascular treatment using two different strategies applicable for each case. Each presented aneurysm had a particular location on the fenestration, which led to different endovascular approaches. In one case, the aneurysm arose from the proximal junction of fenestration, involving both of its limbs. For this aneurysm, the treatment strategy adopted aimed to achieve a selective exclusion. In the second case, two aneurysms arose from the minor limb of the fenestration, which could be entirely excluded, considering the absence of perforating arteries arising from that carotid segment. To our knowledge, these two cases are the first ICA fenestration aneurysms treated exclusively by endovascular approach, showing two treatment strategies using coils in association to two different endovascular devices (stent/TrisPan(?)).     

Endovascular stenting for the treatment of post-traumatic aneurysms of the extracranial internal carotid artery

Aneurysmal dilatations occur at any level of carotid dissection, but typically at the distal subcranial segment. These aneurysms may grow, compress cervical structures, rupture or constitute a potential source of thrombo-embolic complications. When conservative and/or medical treatment failed or is contraindicated, a more aggressive therapy, such as endovascular stenting should be considered. We report the successful use endovascular stenting for the treatment of post-traumatic dissecting aneurysms of the extracranial internal carotid artery and discuss the potential of different stents types.     

Treatment of blood blister-like aneurysms of the internal carotid artery with stent-assisted coil embolization

Objectives

Blood blister-like aneurysms (BBAs) are aneurysms arising from the nonbranching arterial trunk, which are usually small and located at the anterior wall of supraclinoid internal carotid artery. These aneurysms are quite dangerous due to their fragile neck. This paper aims to evaluate the application of stent-assisted coil embolization in the treatment of BBAs.

Methods

A retrospective review of the aneurysm database in our institution identified 8 patients carrying BBAs planned to be treated by stent-assisted coil embolization. The clinical characteristics, angiographic outcome, and follow-up results were reviewed.

Results

Stent-assisted coil embolization was successfully performed in 5 cases (62.5%). Two procedures were treated with sole stent deployment (25%). One patient suffered intra-operative rupture (12.5%) and endovascular trapping was performed. The modified Rankin scale (mRs) score in living patients at discharge was 1 in four cases, 2 in one case, and 3 in one case. Two patients died of post-operative hemorrhage (25%). The mRs score at 9–36 months’ follow-up was 0 in four cases, 1 in one case, and 2 in one case. All patients were followed up angiographically, and regrowth was observed in three patients, who accepted further endovascular treatments.

Conclusion

Stent-assisted coil embolization may probably reduce the mortality, but may not be a cure for all BBAs.     

血管内治疗前交通动脉瘤

目的 总结前交通动脉瘤血管内治疗的经验和体会,探讨血管内治疗前交通动脉瘤的效果和减少并发症发生的方法.方法 共栓塞前交通动脉瘤98例.依据Hunt-Hess分级:I级16例,Ⅱ级52例,Ⅲ级23例,Ⅳ级7例.术后积极行腰大池或腰穿引流血性脑脊液,采用"3H"疗法防治血管痉挛.结果 98个动脉瘤全部成功栓塞,随访3个月-3年,无再出血发生.结论 血管内治疗前交通动脉瘤是一种有效、确切的治疗方法.术后早期引流血性脑脊液、积极药物治疗是减少并发症的发生、提高治疗效果的重要方法.     

Primary treatment of a blood-blister-like aneurysm of the internal carotid artery with Guglielmi detachable coil embolisation

Blood-blister-like aneurysms (BBAs) are rare but challenging to treat owing to their fragile, thin walls and poorly defined necks. Studies have shown many complications related to this type of aneurysm. In particularly, other authors have reported high rates of complications arising within a few weeks of BBAs treated with primary endovascular coiling. We report a 44-year-old woman with subarachnoid haemorrhage due to a ruptured BBA to demonstrate successful primary treatment with endovascular coiling without complications or regrowth at 6-month follow up.