Inhibitory effects of aromatic herbs on lipid peroxidation and protein oxidative modification of mice brain homogenate by copper in vitro

Several aromatic herbs were inferred to have inhibitory effects on the generation of oxygen free radicals. It has been demonstrated that free radicals produced by copper produce lipid peroxidation and protein oxidative modification in the brain. The results presented here showed that several aromatic herbs, Caryophylli flos, Cinnamomi cortex, Foeniculi fructus and Zedoariae rhizoma, have inhibitory effects on lipid peroxidation or protein oxidative modification of mice brain homogenate produced by copper in vitro.     

Inhibitory effects of Ougi-keishi-gomotsu-to,a traditional herbal medicine,on lipid peroxidation and protein oxidative modification

Ougi-Keishi-gomotsu-to, a traditional herbal medicine, is a representative drug for patients with abnormal sensation and pain in the legs in neuropathy. It was shown to have inhibitory effects on lipid peroxidation and protein oxidative modification by copper. The effects were similar to and stronger than those of mannitol and superoxide dismutase as free radical scavengers. These results demonstrated that Ougi-keishi-gomotsu-to has inhibitory effects on oxidative stress induced by metal. Copyright© 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Inhibitory effects of Ougi‐keishi‐gomotsu‐to,a traditional herbal medicine,on lipid peroxidation and protein oxidative modification of mouse brain homogenate induced by copper

Ougi‐Keishi‐gomotsu‐to a traditional herbal medicine, is used clinically for patients with abnormal sensations and pain in the legs in neuropathy. It was shown to have inhibitory effects on lipid peroxidation and protein oxidative modification of brain homogenate induced by copper. Its effect was stronger than those of mannitol and α‐tocopherol as free radical scavenger and antioxidant. These results demonstrated that Ougi‐keishi‐gomotsu‐to has antioxidative effects on neuron injury derived from oxidative stress induced by metal. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Inhibitory effects of echinoisoflavanone and sophoraisoflavanone D in Sophora chrysophylla SEEM on copper ion-induced protein oxidative modification of mouse brain homogenate in vitro

We present the results of an in vitro investigation of the inhibitory effects of echinoisoflavanone and sophoraisoflavanone D isolated from Sophora chrysophylla SEEM on copper-induced protein oxidative modification of mouse brain homogenate in vitro. They inhibited copper-induced protein oxidative modification. The order of inhibitory effects of these isoflavanones and mannitol as a hydroxyl radical scavenger was sophoraisoflavanone D > mannitol > echinoisoflavanone.The results suggest that these natural products may be of use in cases where oxidative stress is present.     

Inhibitory effects of stilbenes in Sophora moorcroftiana BENTH ex BAKER on copper ion-induced protein oxidative modification of mouse brain homogenate in vitro

We present the results of an in vitro investigation of the inhibitory effects of sophorastilbene A and (+)-alpha-viniferin isolated from Sophora moorcroftiana BENTH ex BAKER on copper ion-induced protein oxidative modification. They inhibited copper-induced protein oxidative modification. The order of these stilbenes and mannitol as a hydroxyl radical scavenger was sophorastilbene A > (+)-alpha-viniferin > mannitol.     

Inhibitory effects of Astragali Radix, a crude drug in Oriental medicines, on lipid peroxidation and protein oxidative modification by copper

Effects of Astragali Radix, the root of Astragalus membrauaceus Bunge, were investigated on oxidative stress such as lipid peroxidation and protein oxidative modification by copper. The results showed that these effects are similar to those of mannitol and superoxide dismutase as a free radical scavenger. It was demonstrated that Astragali Radix have inhibitory effects on oxidative stress induced by copper.     

Protective effects of selected medicinal plants against protein degradation, lipid peroxidation and deformability loss of oxidatively stressed human erythrocytes

The effects of seven medicinal plants including Artemisia herba-alba, Ferula hermonis, Hibiscus sabdariffa, Nigella sativa, Teucrium polium, Trigonella foenum-graecum, and Allium sativum on protein degradation, lipid peroxidation, erythrocyte deformability and osmotic fragility of erythrocytes exposed in vitro to 10 mM H(2)O(2) for 60 min at 37 degrees C have been examined. Preincubation of erythrocytes with Nigella sativa and Allium sativum protected erythrocytes against protein degradation, loss of deformability and increased osmotic fragility caused by H(2)O(2), while the other plants failed to protect erythrocytes against these damages. Artemisia herba-alba did not protect erythrocytes against lipid peroxidation, while Trigonella foenum-graecum unexpectedly increased lipid peroxidation of erythrocytes exposed to H(2)O(2). Ferula hermonis, Hibiscus sabdariffa, Nigella sativa, Teucrium polium and Allium sativum protected erythrocytes against lipid peroxidation. The results indicate the importance of oxidatively damaged cellular proteins in compromising the rheologic behaviour of the erythrocytes, and that the medicinal plants which have anti-protein-oxidant activity (e.g. Nigella sativa and Allium sativum) could be rheologically useful, particularly in pathological conditions related to free radicals.     

Inhibitory effects of astragali radix, crude drug in Oriental medicines on lipid peroxidation and protein oxidative modification of mouse brain homogenate by copper

Astragali Radix, the root of Astragalus membranaceus Bunge, is a crude drug used widely in Oriental medicines. It is a major component of Ougi-Keishi-gomotsu-to, a traditional herbal medicine, used for neurop patients with abnormal sensations and neuropathic pain of the legs. It was shown to have inhibitory effects on lipid peroxidation and protein oxidative modification by copper. The effects were similar to and stronger than those of mannitol and superoxide dismutase as free radical scavengers. These results demonstrated that Astragali Radix has inhibitory effects on oxidative stress induced by metal.     

Inhibitory activity on lipid peroxidation of extracts from marine brown alga

Several extracts from marine brown alga Sargassum micracanthum (Kuetzing) Endlicher were screened for their inhibitory activity on lipid peroxidation. In an in vitro study, methanol extract (Sm-M), chloroform/ methanol (3:1) extract and ethyl acetate fraction of Sm-M inhibited lipid peroxidation in rat liver homogenates. The IC(50) values were 0.70, 0.70 and 0.37 micro g/mL, respectively. These inhibitions were stronger than vitamin C and E. These extracts showed reductive activity on DPPH, the IC(50) values were 34, 37 and 11 micro g/mL, respectively. In an in vivo study, Sm-M had the effect on CCl4 induced liver injury in rats and Sm-M (120-1200 mg/kg, p.o.) lowered dose-dependently the level of lipid peroxidation in liver.     

Inhibitory effects of Keishi-bukuryo-gan,a traditional herbal medicine,on lipid peroxidation of brain homogenate

Keishi-bukuryo-gan, a traditional herbal medicine, is a representative drug for blood stagnation and an effective drug for brain disorders. Keishi-bukuryo-gan was shown to have inhibitory effects on lipid peroxidation of brain homogenate induced by the ferrous ion-hydrogen peroxide system. This drug inhibited lipid peroxidation of brain homogenate in a concentration-dependent manner. This effect was similar to that of DL -α-tocopherol as an antioxidant.     

Inhibitory effects of monomeric and dimeric phenylpropanoids from mace on lipid peroxidation In Vivo and In Vitro

Repeated p.o. administration of myristicin and dehydrodiisoeugenol, monomeric and dimeric phenylpropanoids from mace, resulted in suppression of the lipid peroxidation in the liver of mice, which was induced by repeated i.p. injection of FeCl₂–ascorbic acid–ADP. In addition, a slight decrease of SOD activity by treatment with FeCl₂–ascorbic acid–ADP was recovered by administration of these compounds. Various constituents isolated from mace inhibited the lipid peroxidation in a rat liver homogenate, which was induced by FeCl₂–ascorbic acid, CCl₄–NADPH or ADP–NADPH. Of these compounds, 2,3-dihydro-7-methoxy-3-methyl-2- (3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-5-propenylbenzofuran, myristicanol-B and 7-hydroxymyristicin strongly inhibited the FeCl₂–ascorbic acid-induced lipid peroxidation by 70%–100% at 0.1–0.2 mM, and most of the constituents also strongly inhibited the ADP–NADPH-induced lipid peroxidation at the same concentrations. On the other hand, these compounds weakly inhibited the CCl₄–NADPH-induced lipid peroxidation. On the basis of the above findings, myristicin and dehydrodiisoeugenol administered to mice may inhibit the lipid peroxidation in the liver possibly by scavenging free radicals or active oxygen species directly.     

Protection of lipid peroxidation and carbonyl formation in proteins by capsaicin in human erythrocytes subjected to oxidative stress

Capsaicin (8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonemide) is the major pungent principle found in hot peppers of the plant genus Capsicum. The present work was undertaken to investigate the antioxidative property of capsaicin on markers of oxidative stress; membrane lipid peroxidation (formation of malondialdehyde) and membrane carbonyl groups in human erythrocytes. The effect of capsaicin has been compared with l-ascorbic acid. Subjecting erythrocytes to oxidative stress by incubating them with t-BHP caused a significant increase in MDA level and protein carbonyl group content above the basal value. The presence of capsaicin (10 microm) in the incubation medium protected the erythrocytes from t-BHP-induced oxidative stress as evidenced by the decrease in MDA level and protein carbonyl group content, l-ascorbic acid also showed similar protective effect. The results conclusively prove the efficacy of the antioxidant property of capsaicin. This evidence suggests that dietary factors that act as antioxidants to decrease membrane lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl formation may contribute to a protective effect against cancer, atherosclerosis and age related diseases. This antioxidant effect may, in part, explain the high consumption of capsicum in certain regions of the world.     

姜黄素抗大鼠肝星状细胞氧应激脂质过氧化作用的研究

目的:探讨姜黄素(Curcumin,Cur)对大鼠肝星状细胞(hepatic stellate cells,HSC)氧应激所致脂质过氧化的作用.方法:HSC与FeNTA共同培养产生氧应激.以MTT法检测姜黄素对HSC增殖的效应,LDH法检测姜黄素对HSC的毒性作用,以ELISA法测定细胞培养液中Ⅰ型胶原的水平,以试剂盒分别测定细胞培养液中MDA、GSH、GSH-PX、SOD水平.结果:HSC与FeNTA共同培养,细胞内MDA、GSH水平明显升高,GSH-PX、SOD活力明显降低.FeNTA与HSC共同培养,能明显促进HSC增殖和提高细胞培养上清中Ⅰ型胶原的水平.姜黄素可以逆转上述所有FeNTA所致效应.结论:姜黄素抗肝纤维化作用可能与其抗脂质过氧化作用有关.     

Inhibitory effects of isoflavones in roots of Astragalus membranaceus BUNGE (Astragali Radix) on lipid peroxidation by reactive oxygen species

Possible inhibitory effects were investigated of isoflavones in the roots of Astragalus membranaceus BUNGE (Astragali Radix), afrormosin, calycosin, formononetin and odoratin on lipid peroxidation by reactive oxygen species. Calycosin inhibited lecithin peroxidation which was induced by hydroxy radical-generation by interaction of haemoglobin and hydrogen peroxide. Calycosin and formononetin inhibited lecithin peroxidation which was induced by superoxide anion generation by xanthine-xanthine oxidase. Other isoflavones had no inhibitory effects on lecithin peroxidations. These results demonstrated that the antioxidant properties of isoflavones, which have a methoxy group at the 4′ position, are derived from hydroxy groups at the 7 and 4′ position. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Protective effects of several components of Gastrodia elata on lipid peroxidation in gerbil brain homogenates

Gastrodia elata (GE) Blume, a traditional herbal agent, has been used mainly in anticonvulsive treatment in Asia. Recently, extracts of GE were evaluated for their potential as neuroprotectives and antioxidants. This study was designed to examine the antioxidant effect of the ether fraction of the methanol extract (EFME) of GE along with its major constituents vanillin, vanillyl alcohol, hydroxybenzaldehyde and hydroxybenzyl alcohol. In experiment 1, gerbils were treated with EFME of GE at a dosage of 500 mg/kg/day for 2 weeks. Oxidative stress was induced with H(2)O(2) or ferrous ion, and lipid peroxidation was measured. In experiment 2, oxidative stress was induced with various concentrations of H(2)O(2) or ferrous ammonium sulfate, and lipid peroxidation was measured. To compare the antioxidant potency, the inhibitory concentration 50% (IC(50)) was determined. EFME of GE reduced auto-peroxidation and H(2)O(2)-induced lipid peroxidation. However, it did not significantly reduce ferrous ammonium sulfate-induced lipid peroxidation. The order of antioxidation potency was as follows: hydroxybenzyl alcohol > vanillyl alcohol > vanillin > hydroxybenzaldehyde. In the case of hydroxybenzaldehyde, its antioxidant effect was more potent than that of melatonin. The excellent antioxidant effects of GE and its main constituents may have potential in the treatment of lipid peroxidation-associated neurological disease.     

Effect of Mangifera indica L. extract (QF808) on protein and hepatic microsome peroxidation.

The antioxidant activities of QF808, a steam bark extract of Mangifera indica L., were studied on hydroxyl-mediated oxidation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and in a hepatic microsome system. The extract was effective in reducing the oxidation of BSA, since its half- maximal inhibition concentration (IC(50)) was 0.0049% w/v in the inhibition of carbonyl group formation and lower than 0.0025% w/v in the inhibition of sulfhydryl group loss. QF808 inhibited lipid peroxidation which was initiated enzymatically by reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), IC(50)= 0.00075% w/v, or non-enzymatically by ascorbic acid, IC(50) = 0.0126% w/v. The extract tested did not inhibit NADPH-dependent cytochrome P-450 reductase activity, since it had no effect on the oxidation rate of NADPH. These results suggest that QF808 has an antioxidant activity, probably due to its ability to scavenge free radicals involved in microsome lipid peroxidation. In addition, QF808 antioxidant profile in vitro is probably similar to its principal polyphenolic component, mangiferin, a glycosylated xanthone.     

Pharmacological activity of South American plants: effects on spontaneous in vivo lipid peroxidation

The in vivo protective effects of methanol extracts of eight South American medicinal plants traditionally used as antiinflammatory were determined by means of spontaneous lipid peroxidation of liver tissue in rats. The production of TBARS was reduced in a dose dependent manner for A. macrocarpa (IC50 = 132 mg/kg), A. urundeuva (IC50 = 176 mg/kg), C. reticulata (IC50 = 561mg/kg) and S. obtusifolium (IC50 = 918 mg/kg). The extracts of P. peltata and U. tomentosa were only effective at a high concentration (300 mg/kg), although these values were not significant. The lyophilized latex of C. lechleri decreased the production of TBARS at a 200 mg/kg dose, although pro-oxidant effects were observed at lower doses (50 mg/kg). The extract of H. pallida was pro-oxidant at lower concentrations (50 mg/kg).     

芳香开窍药对脑卒中保护作用的实验研究进展

芳香开窍药,味辛,气香,具有开窍醒神之功效。近年来,国内学者采用不同的体内外实验对芳香开窍药对脑卒中保护作用进行了研究并对可能的作用机制进行了探索和讨论。文章查阅近十年的文献报道,对麝香、牛黄、冰片、苏合香单味药及其复方制剂对脑卒中保护作用进行了分析、归纳、总结,以期为今后芳香开窍药治疗脑卒中的临床研究提供一定的药理学支持。     

Inhibition of lipid peroxidation and oxidative DNA damage by Ganoderma lucidum

Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals, are associated with carcinogenesis and other pathophysiological conditions. Therefore, elimination or inactivation of ROS or inhibition of their excess generation may be beneficial in terms of reducing the risk for cancer and other diseases. Ganoderma lucidum has been used in traditional oriental medicine and has potential antiinflammatory and antioxidant activities. In the present study, we tested the amino-polysaccharide fraction (designated as 'G009') from Ganoderma lucidum for the ability to protect against oxidative damage induced by ROS. G009 significantly inhibited iron-induced lipid peroxidation in rat brain homogenates and showed a dose-dependent inactivation of hydroxyl radicals and superoxide anions. It also reduced strand breakage in phiX174 supercoiled DNA caused by UV-induced photolysis of hydrogen peroxide and attenuated phorbol ester-induced generation of superoxide anions in differentiated human promyelocytic leukaemia (HL-60) cells. These findings suggest that G009 from Ganoderma lucidum possesses chemopreventive potential.     

A chemically characterized ethanolic extract of Thai Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton fruits (nutlets) reduces oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in human hepatoma (HuH7) cells

Perilla frutescens is cultivated in East Asian countries including Thailand, and the nutlets (single‐seeded fruits) are used as traditional and medicinal food. Perilla nutlets extracted by ethyl acetate (EA), 80% ethanol (Eth), and hot water (HW) sequentially were chemically characterized using high‐resolution accurate liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry with the main compounds detected assigned as rosmarinic acid and derivatives of the flavones apigenin and luteolin, with the more diverse chemical composition observed with the Eth extract. All extracts showed dose‐dependent free‐radical scavenging activity, with the Eth extract the most potent (IC₅₀ = 3.43 mg/ml for ABTS^? scavenging and 0.27 mg/ml for DPPH^? scavenging). The Eth extract also inhibited AAPH‐induced hemolysis (IC₅₀ = 0.07 mg/ml) more potently than did the HW (IC₅₀ = 0.38 mg/ml) and EA extracts (IC₅₀ = 1.63 mg/ml). An MTT test revealed all the extracts were noncytotoxic at concentrations up to 200 μg/ml. Only the Eth and EA extracts showed protective effects against the generation of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation in FeCl₃‐induced HuH7 cells in a dose‐dependent manner. Our findings suggest the Eth extract of Thai perilla nutlets, containing rosmarinic acid and flavones and their derivatives, may have potential to provide protection against oxidative stress in hepatic disorders.