全胃肠灌洗在食管癌及贲门癌术前肠道准备中的应用

[目的]探讨全胃肠灌洗在食管癌、贲门癌手术肠道准备中的应用效果。[方法]86例食管癌、贲门癌手术病人，术前肠道准备采用全胃肠道灌洗法。[结果]全部病人术后无切口感染、吻合口瘘等并发症发生。[结论]全胃肠道灌洗是安全、有效的肠道准备方法。     

大肠癌病人术前肠道准备方法的探讨

[目的]探讨大肠癌病人术前肠道准备的方法和清肠效果。[方法]选择普外科行大肠癌手术的住院病人65例,随机分成两组,观察组为全肠道灌洗法结合灌肠法进行肠道准备（简称复合灌洗法）,对照组为单纯的全肠道灌洗法进行肠道准备（简称单纯灌洗法）。[结果]术前对照组病人因排液时间长、排便次数多,导致肛门坠胀不适、饥饿感、低血糖反应的发生率明显高于观察组;术中术者评价病人的肠道清洁程度,观察组肠道清洁程度明显优于对照组;术后比较两组病人的并发症,观察组术后并发症发生率为6.2 5%明显低于对照组的27.27%。[结论]大肠癌病人采用复合灌洗法进行肠道准备效果较好,合理良好的肠道准备对术后切口愈合有决定性的预防作用。     

自制三通连接管在直肠癌手术中的应用

肠道准备与直肠癌手术的成功关系密切。近年来全胃肠道灌洗已逐渐替代了传统的肠道准备法,但此法对已有梗阻的病人效果仍不理想,需在术中造瘘行肠道灌洗或肠腔减压。为此,我们自制了一种三通连接管行术中肠道灌洗,用于直肠癌手术１１例,效果较好,现介绍如下：１临床...     

食管癌及贲门癌术后防治吻合口瘘的护理

[目的]探讨防治食管癌及贲门癌术后吻合口瘘的护理干预措施.[方法]回顾性分析26例食管癌及贲门癌手术病人防治术后发生吻合口瘘护理措施.[结果326例病人手术后发生吻合口瘘3例,1例吻合口瘘并发严重肺部感染、营养不良行再次吻合、胸廓改型、空肠造瘘手术后治愈出院,2例经保守治疗治愈出院.[结论]针对食管癌及贲门癌术后吻合口瘘可能出现的原因,采取正确的护理措施加以预防和处理,能有效降低吻合口瘘的发生率.     

大肠癌术前两种肠道准备方法的效果观察

[目的]探讨大肠癌术前较理想的肠道准备方法。[方法]对64例大肠癌病人术前分别采用改良全肠道灌洗方法及口服和爽进行肠道准备。[结果]两种术前肠道准备方法均能达到较好的肠道清洁效果;口服和爽方法简单,并发症少,与改良全肠道灌洗方法比较有统计学意义(P<0.05)。[结论]口服和爽进行肠道准备,不仅可清洁肠道,且操作简单,并发症少,是一种较理想的肠道准备方法。     

大肠癌术前两种肠道准备方法的效果观察

[目的]探讨大肠癌术前较理想的肠道准备方法。[方法]对64例大肠癌病人术前分别采用改良全肠道灌洗方法及口服和爽进行肠尊准备。[结果]两种术前肠道准备方法均能达到较好的肠道清洁效果；口服和爽方法简单，并发症少，与改良全肠道灌洗方法比较有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。[结论]口服和爽进行肠道准备，不仅可清洁肠道，且操作简单，并发症少，是一种较理想的肠道准备方法。     

全新肠道准备方法在胃癌手术中的应用

[目的]探讨非灌肠术前准备方法在胃癌术前肠道准备中的应用效果.[方法]选取100例无幽门梗阻、无习惯性便秘和术前评估无需切除结肠的胃癌病人,随机分为两组,分别采用非灌肠方法肠道准备(现察组)及传统灌肠方法(对照组)进行肠道准备,比较两组肠道准备期间头晕、度胀、腹痛、乏力、离子水平、术中肠道清洁度、肠道胀气、便失禁情况.[结果]观察组肠道准备期间不良反应发生率明星低于对照组,两组肠道清洁效果无统计学意义.[结论]新方法可以有效减少术前准备的不适症状,病人耐受性好,可维持正常离子水平及营养状态.术中肠道清洁,无明显腹胀,便于操作.简化了医护人员做胃癌手术前肠道准备的流程.减轻了护理人员工作量,提高了病人的满意度.     

大肠癌病人应用恒康正清全肠道灌洗的效果观察

[目的 ]使大肠癌病人在手术、肠镜检查、钡灌肠检查时有较好的肠道清洁度。 [方法 ]选择口服全肠道灌洗液恒康正清 (复方聚二乙醇电解质散 )。 [结果 ]肠腔清洁有效率达 90 .3 % ,服用后副反应小 ,病人易接受。 [结论 ]恒康正清是一种安全、有效的灌洗液。应用恒康正清进行全肠道灌洗免除了清洁灌肠 ,减轻了护士的工作量。     

大肠癌病人应用恒康正清全肠道灌洗的效果观察

[目的]使大肠癌病人在手术、肠镜检查、钡灌肠检查时有较好的肠道清洁度。[方法]选择口服全肠道灌洗液恒康正清(复方聚二乙醇电解质散)。[结果]肠腔清洁有效率达90.3%，服用后副反应小，病人易接受。[结论]恒康正清是一种安全、有效的灌洗液。应用恒康正清进行全肠道灌洗免除了清洁灌肠，减轻了护士的工作量。     

内镜下肠道金属支架置入术的护理配合

[目的]总结内镜下肠道金属支架置入术的护理配合体会.[方法]配合医生对30例结肠癌病人行内镜下肠道金属支架置入术.[结果]本组共30例结肠癌病人,28例病人术后24 h内能自行排出大量粪便,腹痛、腹胀明显缓解.[结论]内镜下肠道金属支架置入术能有效解除结肠梗阻,为晚期肿瘤病人提供安全有效的治疗方法并为临床手术切除创造条件.充分的术前准备,默契的术中配合及细心的术后护理是手术成功的重要环节.     

Inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome

The irritable bowel syndrome accounts for 30 to 50 per cent of patients cared for by gastroenterology practices. Irritable bowel syndrome is more common than inflammatory bowel disease. Therefore, it should not be surprising that some patients with inflammatory bowel disease are initially told that they have irritable bowel syndrome before a diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease is firmly established. This article contends that many people have both irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.     

Irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease in pregnancy

Irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease are gastrointestinal disorders affecting young adults. The peak incidence of irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease is in the late adolescence and early adult years, the time during which many women are planning and beginning their families. Since the potential for life-altering changes and pregnancy complications exist with these diseases, affected pregnant women present a challenge for the gastroenterologist, pregnancy provider, and nurses caring for them. This article outlines what is known about these diseases and their effect on fertility and pregnancy as well as their clinical management during pregnancy.     

Inflammatory bowel disease: symptoms in the bowel and beyond

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic illness that patients may develop at any age. Clinicians often face puzzling symptoms before and after a patient's IBD diagnosis. This article details both typical and atypical presentations of this disease.     

Fecal leukocyte proteins in inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome

The aim of this prospective study was to compare five different leukocyte proteins in feces of patients with chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and healthy persons who underwent prophylactic colonoscopy. METHODS: The leukocyte proteins calprotectin, lactoferrin, lysozyme, myeloperoxidase, and PMN-elastase were determined with immunoassays in fecal samples of three consecutive feces (e.g. three days) in 40 healthy persons, 39 patients with chronic IBD (of these 21 with Crohn's disease and 18 with ulcerative colitis), and 40 patients with IBS. RESULTS: ROC curves calculated for healthy persons and patients with IBD yielded the following areas under the curves (AUCs): PMN-elastase 0.916, calprotectin 0.872, myeloperoxidase 0.750, lysozyme 0.726, and lactoferrin 0.693. The AUCs of PMN-elastase and calprotectin were not significantly different (p = 0.327), whereas PMN-elastase or calprotectin vs. the other proteins were significantly different (p < 0.001). PMN-elastase and calprotectin correlated with the endoscopically classified severity of inflammation. All fecal leukocyte markers in IBS were found in the range of the healthy persons. Data on storage stability of leukocyte proteins in fecal supernatants are given. CONCLUSION: Fecal PMN-elastase and calprotectin support the differentiation of chronic IBD from IBS and correlate with the severity of inflammation.     

Open-label, uncontrolled trial of bowel sterilization and repopulation with normal bowel flora for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease

In this open-label, uncontrolled study, six patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (2 with ulcerative colitis, 1 with collagenous colitis, 1 with Crohn's disease, and 2 with indeterminate type) were treated with bowel decontamination using mechanical cleansing and antibiotics followed by repopulation with 12 strains of colonic bacteria from normal donors. One patient relapsed after 13 months following treatment with an antibiotic for an upper respiratory infection. One patient remains in full clinical remission after 18 months, and another patient after 32 months; the other three patients' symptoms did not change with treatment. No evidence of toxicity from treatments was observed. None of the patients who were in remission required therapy for IBD.     

Small bowel

MR imaging, using modern equipment and a rigorous technical approach, can offer detailed morphologic information and functional data on the small bowel. The optimal study technique is debatable, although the oral administration of contrast material as a first-line approach is less expensive, faster, easier to perform, and better tolerated by patients. MR enteroclysis might be reserved for selected cases as a second-line study. The major clinical indication is the evaluation of patients who have suspected or known Crohn's disease. The absence of ionizing radiation, considering the young age of most of the patients and the frequency of the examinations, is an important advantage over other techniques (radiograph and CT enteroclysis).