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1.
龙春 《现代预防医学》2012,39(22):6035-6036,6038
目的探讨老年呼吸系统疾病死亡的相关特点。方法收集某院近几年内科住院及死亡患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,分析基本死亡病因,如肺炎、肺癌、慢性支气管炎以及其他呼吸系统疾病,并总结其他因素如年龄、性别、疾病种类对死亡结果的影响。结果高龄患者(年龄60~79岁)患者死亡原因以肺癌、慢性支气管炎、肺炎为主;小于60岁患者死亡原因以其他呼吸系统疾病以及肺癌较为多见。老年组(年龄大于60岁)患者中男性死亡原因以肺癌、慢性支气管炎为主;女性患者死亡原因以慢性支气管炎为主。随着患者年龄的增长,其呼吸系统疾病总病死率呈现上升趋势。结论慢性支气管炎、肺癌、肺炎是老年呼吸系统疾病患者死亡的主要原因。不同性别老年患者的死亡原因也呈现一定差异。随着患者年龄的升高,呼吸系统病死率呈现上升的趋势。  相似文献   

2.
目的了解乍浦社区住院病人死亡年龄及原因的构成情况,以改进社区卫生服务工作。方法对乍浦社区卫生服务中心1999~2003年5年间,住院死亡病例资料进行病因分类、年龄分组统计分析。结果5年间患者死亡年龄构成以70~89岁年龄段为最多,占总死亡数的76.84%。住院患者死亡原因的前三位分别是恶性肿瘤89例,占50.29%;呼吸系统疾病44例,占24.87%;心脑血管疾病25例,占14.12%。结论死亡病人的年龄呈增大趋势,死亡病因以老年常见慢性疾病为主。社区应加强对老年慢性病的预防措施和治疗研究,提高诊疗水平。  相似文献   

3.
1982~2003年徐州市市区居民恶性肿瘤死亡趋势分析   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
刘军  安晓红  林敬德 《中国校医》2005,19(6):575-577
目的对徐州市1982~2003年恶性肿瘤死因资料进行统计分析,了解肿瘤死亡率的变化趋势。方法病例统一按国际疾病分类(ICD-9、ICD-10)进行编码,对徐州市1982~2003年肿瘤死亡率、变化趋势、构成比等指标进行统计分析。结果22年间,徐州市恶性肿瘤平均死亡率为99.46/10万,呈逐年上升趋势。肺癌、肝癌和肠癌的死亡率呈上升趋势,胃癌和食管癌死亡率呈下降趋势。前5位死因分别为肺癌(25.45%)、肝癌(21.00%)、胃癌(15.51%)、食管癌(9.01%)和肠癌(4.39%)。男、女性肿瘤死亡数之比为2.02:1。从30岁年龄组开始,恶性肿瘤死亡率随年龄增长而迅速上升。结论生活方式、饮食习惯、生存环境、经济状况等因素均对徐州市肿瘤死亡率产生影响,应对肿瘤采取综合性的防治措施。  相似文献   

4.
沈阳市女性肺癌危险因素的病例对照研究   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
对沈阳市区1991年4月至1994年12月的313例、年龄35~69岁的女性肺癌患者进行了按年龄配比1:1的病例对照研究。结果显示,女性肺癌的危险因素为吸烟、烹饪油烟暴露,其OR值与95%可信限分别为1.86(1.34~2.57)和4.31(3.07~6.05),其PAR%分别为22%与46%。吸烟与油烟对肺癌的发生有交互作用,其相对超额危险度为3.12。肺癌以腺癌为主,而吸烟仅与鳞癌有关。肺结核、慢性支气管炎增加肺癌发生危险性,但无显著意义。  相似文献   

5.
海盐县7年流动人口肺结核病的监测   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
目的:分析海盐县1996~2002年流动人口肺结核监测结果。方法:对1996~2002年结核病监测年报表资料进行描述性统计分析。结果:7年间,新登记肺结核病人119例,年均新登记率90.46/10万,其中涂阳新登记率34.41/10万;发病数呈逐年上升趋势,从占全县病例数的4.76%上升到16.13%;以15~34岁为主,占75.63%;新发涂阳病人治愈率82.98%。结论:流动人口肺结核发病率高,病情重,对其进行肺结核免费治疗管理,提高发现率和治愈率是控制结核病至关重要工作。  相似文献   

6.
[目的]了解住院呼吸系统疾病病例有关情况,为卫生决策部门和防治工作提供参考。[方法]对2010年1月至2012年8月青岛市城阳区人民医院因呼吸系统疾病住院的3004例病人资料进行分析。[结果J2010年1月至2012年8月,呼吸科新住院患者合计3004例。其中,2010年946例,2011年1161例,2012年1~8月897例;男性占53.60%,女性占46.40%;12~20岁占2.13%,21~30岁占5.86%,31~40岁占7.49%,41~50岁占9.59%,51~60岁占19.24%,61~70岁占19.27%,71~80岁占23.34%,81~90岁占11.98%,91~104岁占1.10%;肺炎占38.18%,慢性阻塞性肺疾病占33.06%,急性支气管炎占6.03%,支气管哮喘占6.72%,胸腔积液占2.66%,支气管扩张症占6.46%,上呼吸道感染占1.20%,肺癌占1.36%,肺间质性疾病占0.57%,肺栓塞占0.43%,其他呼吸系统疾病占3.33%。每月人院病例数与当月的平均气温呈负相关关系(r=-0.78)。[结论]住院呼吸系统疾病患者以肺炎和慢性阻塞性肺疾病最多,51岁以上居多;每月入院病例数与当月的平均气温呈负相关关系。  相似文献   

7.
为进一步探讨肺结核、慢性支气管炎、肺气肿、哮喘及肺炎等疾病在肺癌发生中的可能作用,对美国密苏里州非吸烟妇女的肺癌进行了一项病例—对照研究。病例组为1981年6月1日至1991年4月1日该州登记在册的白种人非吸烟女性肺癌患者共618例,年龄30~84岁,其中432例(70%)从不吸烟,186例(30%)曾吸烟但已戒烟长达15年以上。在131例年龄低于65岁的病人中有118例持有驾驶执照。对  相似文献   

8.
本文对天津空港卫生检疫局自1992年7月至1994年6月13259名出入境人员X检线查结果进行了综合分析.其结果为:异常者484人,检出率为3.65%,其疾病种类构成为:肺感染、慢性支气管炎、肺气肿、肺心病,陈旧性肺结核,胸膜肥厚、左心室增大、主动脉弓膨隆、风心病、右位心等.不同年龄组的异常X线种类构成不同,46岁以上年龄组以陈旧性肺结核、主动脉弓膨隆、胸膜肥厚、左心室增大为主。31~45岁年龄组以陈旧性肺结核、胸膜肥厚为主,左心室增大次之.30岁以下年龄组以陈旧性肺结核、肺感染为主。  相似文献   

9.
目的了解兰州市居民就医住院患者呼吸系统疾病谱的发生状况、分布和变化规律,为制定兰州市呼吸系统疾病防治策略提供科学依据。方法对兰州市一级及以上医疗机构依据《甘肃省卫生系统疾控机构进医院信息平台》收集的呼吸系统疾病数据进行核对,按照ICD-10标准进行编码,然后由兰州市CDC进行分类汇总和统计分析。结果兰州市一级以上医疗机构2014年住院所有病例中呼吸系统疾病排序第3位,重点防范的疾病以上呼吸道感染、急性支气管炎、喘息性支气管肺炎、支气管肺炎及肺炎为主,呼吸系统疾病单病种中上呼吸道感染在男女住院病例中均占据首位,构成比分别为8.49%、11.35%;各年龄组排序首位病种均不相同,婴儿组和老年组排序第一位的分别为喘息性支气管肺炎及慢性支气管炎急性发作,构成比分别为20.45%、13.27%;全年4个季节都易发生呼吸系统疾病,全年重点防范在冬春季;呼吸系统疾病恶性肿瘤发病以支气管或肺恶性肿瘤最高,男性和女性构成比分别为46.94%、41.53%,居民呼吸系统疾病住院病例中所承担的就医费用以支气管或肺恶性肿瘤最高,为998.71万元占7.33%。结论上呼吸道感染、急性支气管炎、喘息性支气管肺炎、支气管肺炎及肺炎是居民就医住院病例的重点呼吸系统疾病病种,应加以重点防范与研究;重视支气管或肺恶性肿瘤、慢性支气管炎及肺炎等疾病危险因素的预防、控制,减少居民就医所承担的就医费用。  相似文献   

10.
目的以某医院2010年住院406例死亡病例为资料,分析其性别、年龄、疾病分类及主要死因构成.为疾病防治和医院住院收治管理提供参考依据。方法按照国际疾病分类第10版(ICD-10)对2010年某医院死亡病例进行疾病分类编码,对死亡病例的性别、年龄、科室、死因等进行统计分析。结果医院死亡病例构成中,男性占70.9%,女性占29.1%;≤40岁者占19.0%,4l~60岁者占24.9%.961岁者占56.1%:排位前10名科室的死亡病例总数占全院全年死亡病例数的79.8%:在死因构成中,恶性肿瘤36.5%排名第1,心脑血管疾病与呼吸系统疾病位居第2、3位;在恶性肿瘤构成中.支气管肺癌以29.1%位居各种肿瘤之首,肝癌、肠部肿瘤排名第2、3位。结论406例住院死亡病例构成比中,男性高于女性,61岁以上年龄段高于其他年龄段,恶性肿瘤居首,医院应针对病例性别、年龄、死因特点开展预防工作,提高救治水平。  相似文献   

11.
肺癌危险度与非肿瘤肺部疾病关系研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的 发现非肿瘤肺部疾病对肺癌危险度的直接影响。方法 在甘肃省进行的病例-对照流行病学研究,涉及到在1994年1月至1998年4月期间发生的886名肺癌病例(男性656名,女性230名)。病例调查表中收集了多种诱发肺癌危险因素的资料。其中包括非肿瘤肺部疾病史(肺结核,慢性气管炎/肺气肿,哮喘,肺炎),初次发病诊断年龄和年份,接受治疗和法院情况等。通过分析这些资料,找出非肿瘤肺部疾病史与肺癌危险度的关系。结果 在对主动吸烟和社会经济因素进行调整后,发现肺癌危险度的增加与肺结核及慢性气管炎/肺气肿直接有关,其比值比(OR)和95%置信区间(CI)分别为OR=2.1(95%CI:1.4-3.1)与OR=1.4(95%CI:1.1-1.8),哮喘与肺炎也使肺癌OR值增加,其值分别为OR=1.4,(95%CI:0.9-2.1)。与OR=1.5(95%CI:1.0-2.3)。当只对有病理诊断的病例和由本人回答的资料进行分析时,肺结核与慢性气管炎/肺气肿导致肺癌危险度的增加也是显的。结论 本研究提供了新的证据。证明以往的肺结核与慢性气管炎/肺气肿使致肺癌危险度显增加。哮喘和肺炎与肺癌的关系虽然也是正相关。但还没达到统计显水平。  相似文献   

12.
BACKGROUND: Although active smoking is well established as the main cause of lung cancer, there is accumulating evidence that history of prior lung diseases may be an independent risk factor for lung cancer. METHODS: A population-based case-control study in Gansu Province, China identified 886 lung cancer cases (656 male, 230 female) diagnosed between January 1994 and April 1998. A standardized interview collected information on a variety of potential risk factors including a history of physician-diagnosed non-malignant lung diseases (pulmonary tuberculosis, chronic bronchitis/emphysema, asthma, pneumonia), age and year in which each condition was first diagnosed, and any therapy or hospitalization received. RESULTS: Pulmonary tuberculosis (odds ratio [OR] = 2.1, 95% CI : 1.4-3.1) and chronic bronchitis/emphysema (OR = 1.4, 95% CI : 1.1-1.8) were associated with increased risk of lung cancer, after adjustment for active smoking and socioeconomic status. The OR for asthma (OR = 1.4, 95% CI : 0.9-2.1) and pneumonia (OR = 1.5, 95% CI : 1.0-2.3) were also elevated. The risk of lung cancer remained significant for pulmonary tuberculosis and chronic bronchitis/emphysema when analysis was limited to the pathologically confirmed cases and self-responders. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides additional evidence that previous pulmonary tuberculosis and chronic bronchitis/emphysema are causally related to lung cancer, although the precise mechanism is still unclear. The results for asthma and pneumonia, while suggestive of a positive association, did not reach the traditional level of statistical significance and should be interpreted with caution.  相似文献   

13.
We analysed a mortality database in which all causes of death on each death certificate were coded, as well as underlying cause, to study trends from 1979 to 1998. Multiple-cause-coded death rates for pneumonia and acute bronchitis fell steadily and consistently. There were complementary rises and falls in death rates for individual chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD)--chronic bronchitis, emphysema, chronic obstructive airways disease--attributable to changes in clinical terminology. Judged by underlying cause, death rates for COPD were lower than those for lung cancer; but, judged by all mentions, death rates for COPD were appreciably higher than for lung cancer. Death rates for COPD, like lung cancer, fell over time in women under 65 years of age and in men; and increased in older women. For all respiratory diseases studied, except lung cancer, the underlying cause of death alone considerably underestimated the extent of their certification on death certificates.  相似文献   

14.
目的对某三级甲等医院2003—2018年死亡病例进行回顾分析,了解该院死亡病例的基本情况、主要死因顺位及费用相关情况,为进一步开展疾病的诊治,降低患者病死率提供参考。方法利用医院的病案信息系统,收集整理某院2003—2018年住院总人数,使用Excel 2007和SPSS 19.0软件对6833例住院期间死亡患者的病例资料进行统计分析。结果2003—2018年某院住院患者总人数为404076例,死亡患者共6833例,病死率为1.69%。16年来死亡人数逐年升高,但病死率呈现逐年下降的趋势。病死率最高的是81岁及以上人群组(6.18%),其次为71~80岁人群组(4.06%);死亡人数构成比最高的是61~70岁人群组(21.04%),其次是71~80岁人群组(21.03%)。不同年龄段患者病死率差异有统计学意义(χ2=4071.81,P<0.01)。男性病死率(2.16%)高于女性(1.22%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=540.16,P<0.01)。肿瘤、循环系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病、消化系统疾病和损伤、中毒和外因的某些其他后果是构成主要死因的疾病分类,占死亡总人数的89.56%。死亡患者主要病种前10位分别是肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、脑出血、乳腺癌、结肠癌、颅脑损伤、肺炎、脑梗死和鼻咽癌。住院总费用16年来增长了31.46%,住院天数和抢救次数对总费用有影响,药占比2011年开始每年有所下降。结论2003—2018年某医院死亡患者多为中老年男性患者,肿瘤和循环系统疾病是主要致死的疾病类型,肺癌、肝癌和胃癌是致死的主要病种,平均住院费用每年增加,且与住院天数和抢救次数成正比。医院相关部门应合理配置医疗资源,加强对肿瘤、循环系统疾病和呼吸系统疾病的学科建设,以降低患者的病死率,同时控制住院天数及进行合理抢救,控制总住院费用。  相似文献   

15.
The authors compared histories of nonmalignant respiratory diseases (asthma, bronchitis, emphysema, hay fever, and pneumonia) in 1,553 lung cancer patients and 1,375 healthy controls enrolled in a Texas case-control study from 1995 to 2003. They incorporated data on two biologically relevant polymorphic genes, matrix metalloproteinase-1 and myeloperoxidase. Emphysema was associated with a statistically significant increased lung cancer risk (odds ratio (OR) = 2.87, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.20, 3.76), while hay fever had a significant protective effect (OR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.48, 0.70). Odds ratios were consistent after exclusion of respiratory disease diagnoses made up to 10 years before interview. There was little association between other respiratory diseases and lung cancer risk. Among carriers of "protective" genotypes, emphysema was associated with a 1.7-fold increased risk (95% CI: 0.84, 3.50), as compared with the substantially higher risk for persons possessing one (OR = 4.98, 95% CI: 2.94, 8.44) or two (OR = 4.23, 95% CI: 1.84, 9.73) "adverse" genotypes. For hay fever, significantly decreased risks were evident with one (OR = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.21, 0.50) or two (OR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.19, 0.66) protective genotypes as compared with none (OR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.30, 1.59). The biologic role of respiratory disease in lung cancer is unclear. Further study may yield new insights for identification of susceptible subgroups.  相似文献   

16.
The objective of this study was to explore whether a medical history for non-malignant respiratory disease contributes to an increased lung cancer risk among workers exposed to silica. We analyzed data from a nested case-control study in 29 dusty workplaces in China. The study population consisted of 316 lung cancer cases and 1356 controls matched to cases by facility type and decade of birth who were alive at the time of diagnosis of the index case and who were identified in a follow-up study of about 68,000 workers. Age at first exposure and cigarette smoking were accounted for in the analysis. Smoking was the main risk factor for both lung cancer and chronic bronchitis. Lung cancer risk showed a modest association with silicosis and with cumulative silica exposure, which did not vary by history of previous pulmonary tuberculosis. Among subjects without a medical history for chronic bronchitis or asthma, lung cancer risk was associated with silicosis (odds ratio [OR], 1.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1 to 2.2), and it was increased in each quartile of cumulative silica exposure. However, risk was not elevated in the highest quartile (OR, 1.3, 1.6, 1.8, 1.4). Among subjects with a medical history for chronic bronchitis or asthma, lung cancer risk was associated with neither silicosis (subjects with chronic bronchitis: OR, 0.6; subjects with asthma: OR, 0.4) nor with silica exposure. In this study population, we observed a modest association of both silicosis and cumulative exposure to silica with lung cancer among subjects who were not previously diagnosed with chronic bronchitis or asthma, but not among subjects who had a medical history for either disease. Risk of lung cancer associated with silicosis or cumulative exposure to silica did not vary by previous medical history of pulmonary tuberculosis.  相似文献   

17.
目的对上海市健康网中2016-2017年医疗机构门急诊期间,经国际疾病分类法(ICD10)诊断编码为J11(流行性感冒)的6651名患者,追踪其在2013-2018年间的门急诊记录,进行患病情况分析。方法采用Apriori算法对上述患者的罹患疾病进行关联分析。结果流感患者年龄分布无显著差异,疾病分类统计显示呼吸道疾病和慢性非传染性常见疾病占多数。Apriori算法结果显示,患急性上呼吸道感染的患者占总流感患者的50.97%;患者罹患急性上呼吸道感染、支气管炎和患急性上呼吸道感染、肺炎支原体急性支气管炎概率达40.51%;患者患急性上呼吸道感染、支气管炎和肺炎支原体急性支气管炎的概率为10.43%。结论流感患者中,中青年占比高,应加强社会流感预防知识普及。医疗大数据的共享应用作为公共卫生监测工作的适当补充,是实现精准预防的可行方向。  相似文献   

18.
  目的  分析安徽省儿童医院住院儿童疾病谱构成及其变化趋势,为医疗资源合理配置和疾病防治工作提供科学依据。  方法  对安徽省儿童医院2013-2017年268 809例住院儿童疾病构成进行分析,并与该院2003-2007年疾病谱数据进行比较。  结果  与前次统计数据比较,2013-2017年住院儿童人数和涉及病种数均大幅增加。儿童呼吸系统(28.73%vs 26.49%)、消化系统(12.68%vs 10.78%)和神经系统(6.22%vs 3.72%)等常见疾病住院构成比下降;损伤和中毒(2.13%vs 7.4%),传染病和寄生虫(7.15%vs 10.69%)、肿瘤(2.65%vs 4.12%)和血液免疫(1.42%vs 3.19%)等系统疾病住院构成比升高。呼吸系统疾病仍是住院儿童首位系统疾病,占住院儿童总数26.49%,肺炎为单病种首位疾病。2013-2017年住院儿童前5位病种为肺炎、支气管炎、疝气、呼吸道感染、新生儿肺炎。  结论  医院服务人数与服务能力大幅提高;在提高儿童常见发病和多发病诊疗水平的同时,应加强损伤中毒、精神行为疾病和传染病等疾病的防治。  相似文献   

19.
上海市徐汇区女性肺癌病例对照调查   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
All the 57 female lung cancer patients in Xu-Hui District, Shanghai discovered during 1985 were used as subjects of this study, each was matched with 2 of her near neighbours of same sex and within 5 years of age difference. Smoking, chronic bronchitis, pulmonary tuberculosis and family history of tumour were found to be related with lung cancer in single variable analysis. Upon stratification, smoking and pulmonary tuberculosis were still found related to lung cancer and considered as risk factors with OR and its 95% confidence interval 6.996, 3.23-15.14 and 4.82, 1.37-19.97 respectively. But chronic bronchitis failed to relate with lung cancer and was considered as a confounding factor. Of all the female lung cancer cases only 49.1% and 19.3% were smokers and TB patients respectively, hence smoking and TB could be responsible only for a small portion. In cancer cytology, squamous-cell carcinoma appeared to show association with smoking while adenocarcinoma did not. Among female lung cancer cases the proportion of adenocarcinoma exceeded that of squamous-cell carcinoma, and appeared unrelated with smoking. More family members of the lung cancer cases seem to have had malignant histories, suggesting that a hereditary factor of cancer susceptibility might be involved.  相似文献   

20.
目的对北京地区急性呼吸道感染患儿的鼻病毒(HRV)感染状况进行分析,以初步了解近年来鼻病毒感染在儿科患者中的流行规律。方法收集2002年11月至2006年11月来自首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院门诊及病房急性呼吸道感染患儿标本共3292份,应用针对HRV145’端非编码区(5’-NCR)保守区基因序列设计的引物进行巢式PCR检测标本中HRV。结果3292份标本中HRV总阳性检出为507份,占本组检测标本的15.4%(507/3292),其中门诊患儿中阳性检出率为16.7%,住院患儿为14.5%;HRV阳性检出率在咽炎患儿中达到50.0%(8/16),在急性支气管炎的喘息性支气管炎患儿中为17.5%(14/80),其他如急性支气管肺炎、毛细支气管炎等患儿中也有较高的HRV阳性检出率;在以血液系统疾病等为第一诊断,合并有呼吸道病毒感染的患儿中HRV检测阳性率为26.4%(14/53)。HRV感染的季节性分布中,2003年的检出高峰在9月份,阳性检出率达32.6%;2004年检出率最高的是2月份(阳性检出率为24.2%),但与其他年度相比,阳性率略低;2005年的检出高峰在2月份,阳性检出率达35.3%;2006年的检出高峰在3月份,阳性检出率为31.3%。在HRV检测阳性的患儿中,年龄≤1岁的占44.8%,其次为~2岁(15.4%)、~3岁(12.4%)年龄组的患儿。结论HRV不仅可引起急性上呼吸道感染,在下呼吸道感染患儿中也有较高的感染率,在息其他疾病导致抵抗力低下时易于并发呼吸道鼻病毒感染。HRV感染存在于各年龄组并全年均可发生。随年龄增长,HRV阳性检出率逐渐降低。婴幼儿,尤其是1岁以下的婴儿是HRV的易感人群。  相似文献   

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