Outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Objective

To evaluate an entirely outpatient-based program of pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD, using St.George’s Respiratory questionnaire (SGRQ), the 6-minutes walking test (6-MWT) and BODE index as the primary outcome measures.

Methods

A prospective, parallel-group controlled study of an outpatient rehabilitation program in 80 patients with COPD (67 men and 13 women; mean age 64.8 ± 10.6 years; FEV₁, 42.8% ± 7.6% of the predicted value. The active group (n = 40) took part in a 14-week rehabilitation program [3 h/wk, 1.5 h of education and exercise and 1.5 h of cycling]. The control group (n = 40) was reviewed routinely as medical outpatients. The following evaluations were carried out at study entry and after14 weeks: (1) pulmonary function studies; (2) 6-minutes walking test 6MWT; (3) quality of life; and (4) BODE index.

Results

The following patients completed the study: 35 patients (87.5%) from the active group (mean age, 63.7 ± 11.9 years; mean forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV₁), 41.9 ± 2.6% of the predicted value); and 36 patients (88%) from the control group (mean age, 65.9 ± 10.3 years; mean FEV₁, 43.33 ± 3.6% of the predicted value). We found no changes in pulmonary function parameters in the active group and the control one at 14weeks. On the other hand, there were significant changes within the components of the SGRQ (12.3 for the score total) for the patients of the active group but not for the patients of the control one (only 1.5 for the score total), we observed also a significant increase in the distance of the 6-MWT in the patients of the active group but not for the patients of the control one, and finally a decrease of two points (from 6 to 4) was noted in the score of the active group’s BODE index without any change in the control group’s one.

Conclusion

An outpatient-based of 14-week rehabilitation program significantly improved the quality of life and exercise tolerance without any change in the pulmonary function in patients with moderate COPD, and there was also a large decrease in the risk of death in rehabilitated patients as measured using the BODE index.     

Pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in India. Drug treatment alone does not optimize therapy. Pulmonary rehabilitation has been found to improve the physical efficiency of COPD patients. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of domiciliary pulmonary rehabilitation programme in patients of COPD. METHODS: Forty patients of stable COPD having severe airflow obstruction were included in the study. They were divided into control and experimental groups randomly. Rehabilitation included walking, breathing exercises, postural drainage, controlled coughing and changes in life style activities. Exercises of 30 minutes duration were performed at home twice daily for four weeks supervision. Six-minute walking distance, forced expiratory volume in one seocond (FEV1) and various indices of chronic respiratory disease questionnaire (CRDQ) were measured in both experimental and control groups before and after completion of the study. RESULTS: In the experimental group, after four weeks, the mean (+/- SD) difference in six-minute walking distance, dyspnoea, mastery, fatigue and emotion scores were 54.2 (26.7) meters, 0.96 (0.26), 0.89 (0.44), 0.90 (0.40) and 0.91 (0.32) respectively. Changes in all these parameters were statistically significant (p < 0.001) as compared to the control group. There was no significant change in FEV1. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that domiciliary pulmonary rehabilitation for four weeks results in significant improvement in the quality of life and exercise tolerance, even without improvement in FEV1.     

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所有的慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者都能从运动训练中受益,它可以减轻呼吸困难,提高运动耐力和健康相关的生活质量,运动训练的介入时机已从稳定期扩展到急性加重期。肺康复内容包括评估、运动训练、教育、营养干预和心理支持等,其中运动训练是核心。鼓励因地制宜开展肺康复,鼓励家庭活动或锻炼,鼓励长期坚持。立足社区,在社区医生中普及肺康复知识和技能,中西医结合或是适合中国国情的策略。     

Success in pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

BACKGROUND:

Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is beneficial for some, but not all, patients with chronic lung disease.

OBJECTIVES:

To determine the success rate of a comprehensive PR program for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and to characterize the differences between responders and nonresponders.

METHODS:

A chart review was performed on patients with a clinical diagnosis of COPD who were referred for PR. Success was defined according to clinically important changes in St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire scores and/or 6 min walk test distance.

RESULTS:

The majority of subjects were men (58%) with a mean (± SD) age of 69±10 years (n=177). Sixty-two per cent of participants had a successful outcome with PR, with proportionally more responders noting subjective improvement than objective improvement on a 6 min walk test (73% versus 51%). Subjects with poor baseline St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire scores tended to improve the most (P=0.011 [ANOVA]). Successful participants had a greater forced expired volume in 1 s (1.1 L versus 0.9 L; P<0.05) and a lower BODE index (body mass index, airflow obstruction, dyspnea, and exercise capacity index) at baseline (9.6 versus 10.3; P<0.05). Success of PR was not correlated with age, sex, chronic hypoxemic respiratory failure or other chronic conditions. Successful participants were more likely to be compliant and to experience fewer adverse events (P≤0.001).

CONCLUSIONS:

Our study reinforced the belief that the majority of participants with COPD benefit from PR. Few baseline characteristics were predictive of success. Subjectively measured improvement occurred more frequently than objectively measured improvement and was greatest in those with the poorest baseline values.     

稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病肺康复治疗的新进展

慢性阻塞性肺疾病是一种高发病率、高致残率、高死亡率的疾病.目前对于稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的主要非药物管理办法是推行肺康复治疗,在不同程度上改善患者运动耐力、呼吸功能和生活质量.肺康复治疗主要包括健康教育及运动训练.现就其训练方式方法 和强度时间等作一综述.     

刺五加对慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者肺功能康复的短期疗效观察

目的　探讨刺五加注射液是否有改善慢性阻塞性肺疾病 (COPD)患者肺通气功能的作用。方法　在刺五加注射液 5 0 0mg静脉滴注前后测定COPD患者肺通气功能 ;采取配对研究方法 ,随机将COPD临床稳定期患者分为A、B两组 ,其中A组用刺五加注射液 5 0 0mg ,静脉滴注 ,每天1次 ,B组不用刺五加注射液。结果　刺五加注射液滴注前后 (间隔 1.5～ 2小时 )测定的第一秒用力呼气量 (FEV1)分别为 1.5 1L± 0 .5 0L和 1.5 7L± 0 .5 4L( 11例 ,P >0 .695 ) ;经刺五加注射液治疗7天后 ,A组患者 ( 2 9例 )FEV1从 1.5 7L± 0 .3 4L增加至 2 .13L± 0 .42L ,用力呼气容积 (FVC)从 2 .5 4L± 0 .40L增加至 2 .88L± 0 .46L ;B组 ( 2 9例 )FEV1从 1.74L± 0 .3 7L增加至 2 .0 8L± 0 .3 4L ,FVC从 2 .94L± 0 .42L增加至 3 .0 7L± 0 .3 7L。两组患者的肺功能增幅比较 :FEV1,0 .5 6L± 0 .3 9L比 0 .3 4L± 0 .3 2L(P <0 .0 5 ) ;FVC ,0 .3 4L± 0 .3 5L比 0 .12L± 0 .3 9L(P <0 .0 1)。结论　刺五加注射液无直接支气管扩张作用 ,刺五加注射液可促进患者肺通气功能的康复     

Pulmonary rehabilitation compared with brief advice given for severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of a short-term pulmonary rehabilitation program with brief advice given to patients with severe ventilatory impairment due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). METHODS: One hundred three patients with severe COPD, defined as having forced expiratory volume in 1 second < 40% predicted, were randomly assigned to rehabilitation or to brief advice. Fifty-four patients attended a rehabilitation program twice a week for 6 weeks. Forty-nine patients attended a single session during which they were given printed educational materials and verbal advice and guidance about exercise. Subjects were reassessed at 3 months. RESULTS: The shuttle walking distance increased significantly in the rehabilitation group by 43 meters. The increase of 23 meters in the brief advice group was significantly less than in the rehabilitation group. Improvements in quality of life in the rehabilitation group were small and not clinically significant. CONCLUSIONS: In these patients with severe COPD, a short outpatient rehabilitation program of low intensity achieved small but significant improvement in shuttle walking distance, compared with brief advice. The improvements in quality of life were modest and did not reach statistical significance, although in some instances the confidence limits include differences that approach clinical significance. The relatively small effect may be due to the low intensity of the program or to the severity of the subjects' ventilatory impairment.     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者肺康复治疗效果及其评价

慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）大部分中重度患者活动能力受限，并出现心理障碍及社会适应力降低，同时COPD的高患病率、高致残率使其占据了相当大的社会医疗资源。肺康复治疗的目的并非阻止或逆转肺功能的降低，而是通过肺康复计划改善患者的呼吸困难，提高运动耐力及生活质量，改善患者心理障碍及社会适应能力。全球COPD控制策略（GOLD）中首次将肺康复治疗，特别是下肢运动训练列为中重度COPD患者治疗的主要措施之一。目前国内对肺康复的重要性、相关的研究和临床工作与国外差距较大，对运动训练在肺康复中的重要地位缺少认识，且康复效果评价方法欠规范，在此就部分相关内容进行综述。     

中重度慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者肺康复运动强度的评估

目的探索反映中重度慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者运动强度的较好指标和方法，用于制订和监测个体化运动强度。方法分析30例中重度男性COPD患者心肺运动试验中获得的运动强度指标，比较在不同最大摄氧量百分比（VO2max％）运动强度下各指标的分布，采用多元回归方法分析心率和Borg指数与VO2max％的相关关系。结果在取值上，心率储备百分比（HRR％）的实际值接近于VO2max％，而HRR％的预计值与VO2max％相差较远。在不同VO2max％运动强度下，HRR％实际值比预计值的分布变异更大。Borg指数越大越能准确反映COPD患者的VO2max％运动强度，Borg指数分别为3分（轻度气促）、4分（中度气促）和5分（比较重的气促）的运动强度分别达到60％、72％和78％VO2max心率和Borg指数与VO2max％的相关系数分别为0．807和0．834，在已知心率和Borg指数时，采用VO2max％运动强度的预计方程式可预计患者实际达到的运动强度。结论HRR％实际值能更好地反映VO2max％运动强度，建议采用心肺运动试验中获得的实际最大心率制订中重度男性COPD患者的运动强度。Borg指数是简单适用的运动强度制订和监测指标，建议中重度男性COPD患者在肺康复运动训练中应达到Borg指数4分。VO2max％运动强度的预计方程式可用于运动强度的监测。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病肺康复治疗进展及实践

已证实肺康复能有效地减轻慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者的呼吸困难,提高运动耐力和健康相关生活质量。不同严重程度的COPD患者均可从肺康复中受益。其内容主要包括运动锻炼、吸气肌肉训练、营养疗法等,运动锻炼是肺康复的核心内容。近年来,提高肺康复效果的方法有了新发展,主要包括增加运动量、教育管理和心理支持。虽然肺康复传统地应用于稳定期COPD患者,但对于AECOPD患者,感染控制后就可开始早期肺康复。肺康复应当遵循运动量的最大化,并个体化和联合不同方法。     

肺呼吸康复治疗在慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期患者中的应用研究

目的 分析探讨肺呼吸康复治疗在慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期患者中的应用效果.方法 选择2018年1月至2020年3月间收治的80例慢阻肺稳定期患者,随机分为常规治疗组和肺呼吸康复治疗组.常规治疗组予以常规治疗,肺呼吸康复治疗组在常规治疗基础上,采用呼吸训练器进行吸气和呼气训练.观察比较两组患者出院随访4周后的肺功能、生活质量...     

呼吸康复训练对慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的影响

目的 探讨呼吸康复训练对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者炎症反应、氧化应激治疗及急性加重风险的影响.方法 选择2017年3月至2018年4月我院接受治疗的中重度COPD稳定期患者47例,分为常规治疗组22例和呼吸康复组25例;常规治疗组给予抗炎、氧疗、止咳化痰、长效支气管扩张药物治疗;呼吸康复组在常规治疗基础上辅以呼吸...