Antioxidant phenolic glucosides from Gentiana piasezkii

An extract of Gentiana piasezkii afforded a new arbutin derivative 6′-O-vanilloylarbutin (1) and a new flavone-C-glucoside 7-O-feruloylorientin (2), together with four known flavonoids lutonarin (3), saponarin (4), isoorient (5) and luteolin (6). Their structures were established based on spectroscopic methods including 2D NMR (COSY and gHMBC) techniques. Compounds 1, 2, 5 and 6 were evaluated for the antioxidant activity in the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay system.     

Hepatoprotective iridoid glucosides from Callicarpa nudiflora

Two new iridoid glucosides, callicoside A (1) and callicoside B (2), were isolated from the leaves of Callicarpa nudiflora. Their structures were elucidated by means of spectroscopic methods and chemical evidences. In an in vitro bioassay, compound 1 showed pronounced hepatoprotective activity against D-galactosamine-induced toxicity in WB-F344 rat hepatic epithelial stem-like cells.     

HPLC法测定秦艽总苷提取物中龙胆苦苷的含量

目的建立HPLC测定秦艽总苷提取物中龙胆苦苷的含量。方法采用HPLC法,以C18柱为色谱柱,以甲醇-水(25∶75)为流动相,检测波长为272nm,流速为1.0mL.min-1。结果龙胆苦苷在0.657～3.942μg范围内线性关系良好,相关系数为0.999 3;平均回收率为98.14%,RSD为0.87%。结论该方法简便、准确,结果可靠,可用于秦艽总苷提取物的质量控制。     

白芍总苷体外抗氧化活性研究

目的研究白芍总苷体外对不同化学体系和生物体系的抗氧化活性。方法通过Fenton反应生成·OH自由基,采用DPPH·自由基,观察不同质量浓度的白芍总苷溶液对化学体系自由基的清除作用。利用邻二氮菲-Fe2+-H2O2产生的·OH自由基造成红细胞膜破裂,以及肝、脑细胞脂质的过氧化,观察不同质量浓度的白芍总苷溶液对生物体系自由基的清除作用。结果白芍总苷对·OH有一定的清除作用,其IC50为0.62 g/L。白芍总苷对DPPH·自由基有较强的清除作用,IC50为6.6 mg/L;对·OH自由基引发的红细胞膜破裂有一定的抑制作用,其IC50为30.17 mg/L,对肝、脑匀浆脂质过氧化有一定的抑制作用,其IC50分别为6.9、16.3 mg/L。结论白芍总苷具有清除自由基作用,在不同体外实验体系中抗氧化量效关系存在差异。     

Bioactive megastigmane glucosides and monoterpenes from Lyonia ovalifolia

Three new megastigmane glucosides (1–3) and two new monoterpenes (4–5), together with 14 related known compounds (6–19) were isolated from the twigs and leaves of Lyonia ovalifolia. The structures of the new compounds were determined by extensive MS, NMR, CD experiments and chemical methods. Compounds 2, 6, and 18 displayed potent antiviral activity against Coxsackie B3, with IC₅₀ values between 6.4 and 14.6 µM. Additionally, compounds 6, 10, and 11 exhibited noteworthy anti-inflammatory activities, with inhibition rates ranging from 54.55% to 83.33% under the concentration of 10^?5 M.     

Antioxidant and antimicrobial effects of phenolic compounds extracts of Northeast Portugal honey

Phenolic compounds of dark and clear honeys from Trás-os-Montes of Portugal were extracted with Amberlite XAD-2 and evaluated for their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The antioxidant effect was studied using the in vitro test capacity of scavenge the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical and of reducing power of iron (III)/ferricyanide complex. The antimicrobial activity was screened using three Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus lentus) and three Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli). The results obtained from the partial identification of honey phenolic compounds by high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector showed that p-hydroxibenzoic acid, cinnamic acid, naringenin, pinocembrin and chrysin are the phenolic compounds present in most of the samples analyzed. Antioxidant potential was dependent of honey extract concentration and the results showed that dark honey phenolic compounds had higher activity than the obtained from clear honey. In the biological assays, results showed that S. aureus were the most sensitive microrganisms and B. subtilis, S. lentus, K. pneumoniae and E. coli were each moderately sensitive to the antimicrobial activity of honey extracts. Nevertheless, no antimicrobial activity was observed in the test with P. aeruginosa.     

Arylglycerol glucosides from Dracocephalum forrestii

Three new arylglycerol glucosides, threo-guaiacylglycerol 3-O-(6-O-p-hydroxybenzoyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), threo-guaiacylglycerol 3-O-[6-O-(E)-p-coumaroyl]-β-D-glucopyranoside (2) and threo-guaiacylglycerol 3-O-[6-O-(Z)-p-coumaroyl]-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), together with seven known compounds were isolated from the whole plants of Dracocephalum forrestii and their structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic evidences.     

Antioxidant phenolic compounds from rhizomes of<Emphasis Type="Italic">Curculigo crassifolia</Emphasis>

A pair of new phenolic glycosides, crassifoside G (5) and isocrassifoside G (6), along with five known phenolic compounds (1-4 and 7), were isolated from the ethanolic extract of the rhizomes of Curculigo crassifolia. Their structures were established by spectroscopic techniques and chemical methods. Most of the isolated compounds exhibited strong antioxidant activity in the 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryldydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay.     

Antioxidant versus cytotoxic properties of hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives - a new paradigm in phenolic research

Trihydroxycinnamic derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. The ester derivatives exhibited a higher radical-scavenging activity, when liposomes were used as target systems, a fact which may be related to their lipophilicity and conformational preferences. These compounds were found to display significant growth inhibition and cytotoxic effects towards a human cervix adenocarcinoma cell line (HeLa). The partition coefficients presently obtained for the trihydroxycinnamic derivatives correlate well both with their structural characteristics and with their antioxidant/cytotoxic activities. A positive structure-activity-property relationship between cytotoxic and antioxidant activities, which is intrinsically related with physico-chemical and conformational properties, is anticipated, as a noteworthy study that must be done for phenolic systems. As damage events are frequently correlated with oxidative stress, the prevalence of both properties in a single compound could be beneficial in terms of rationale preventive or therapeutic purposes.     

Clemochinenosides C and D,two new macrocyclic glucosides from Clematis chinensis

Abstract

The EtOH extract of the roots and rhizomes of Clematis chinensis afforded two new macrocyclic glucosides clemochinenosides C (1) and D (2). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic means and hydrolysis products. These compounds were evaluated for inhibitory activity against lipopolysaccharides-induced TNF-α production in RAW 246.7 macrophages. Compounds 1 and 2 showed moderate inhibitory activity with IC₅₀ values of 12.9 ± 2.3 and 18.4 ± 2.7 μM, respectively. In addition, a proliferation study was used to evaluate the anti-angiogenic effects of these compounds in vitro (VEGF-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cell proliferation). Compounds 1 and 2 displayed weak inhibitory effects with inhibition rates of 26.3 ± 1.8 and 19.2 ± 2.6% at 50 μM, respectively.     

白芍总苷对NAFLD大鼠肝脏的保护作用及其机制研究

目的研究白芍总苷对NAFLD模型大鼠肝脏保护的机制。方法 SD大鼠50只,随机分为正常对照组10只,模型组40只。高脂饲料喂养建模后,模型组随机分为模型对照组、非诺贝特组、白芍总苷高剂量组、白芍总苷低剂量组各10只。连续灌胃给药4周后,测定大鼠血清中ALT、AST、GST、SOD和GSH-PX酶的活性及MDA含量;测定血清中IL-1、TNF-α和TGF-β的水平;各组取肝脏做HE染色,观察肝脏组织学病变。结果与正常对照组比较,NAFLD模型对照组大鼠ALT、AST、GST活性和IL-1、TNF-α、TGF-β含量显著升高,经非诺贝特和白芍总苷干预后,模型组大鼠的ALT、AST、GST活性和IL-1、TNF-α、TGF-β含量均降低回正常水平,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与正常对照组比较,NALFD模型大鼠SOD、GSH-PX活性显著降低,MDA含量明显升高,干预治疗后,模型组大鼠SOD、GSH-PX活性大大提高,MDA含量显著降低(P<0.05)。结论白芍总苷对高脂引起的NAFLD模型大鼠有肝脏保护作用,其作用机制可能与其提高抗氧化能力、降低异常细胞因子水平有关。     

Antioxidant phenolic acids from the leaves of Armeniaca sibirica

Abstract

Phytochemical investigation of the leaves of Armeniaca sibirica (L.) Lam. led to the isolation of two new phenolic acids (1–2), together with eight known compounds (3–10) from the ethanol extracts of this plant. Structures of these compounds were elucidated through detailed spectroscopic analyses, using 1D-NMR and 2D-NMR in combination with HR-EI-MS techniques. All the compounds were evaluated for their antioxidant capabilities in vitro using 2, 2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), 1, 1′-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assays, and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methods.     

菝葜多酚类成分抗氧化活性的研究

目的 对菝葜中天然多酚类化合物的抗氧化活性进行研究,探讨多酚类化合物在菝葜药效发挥中的作用机制. 方法 分别采用TEAC法和DPPH法对菝葜醋酸乙酯部位中分离得到的9个天然多酚类化合物单体（SCE 1～9）的抗氧化活性进行测定,并初步分析它们发挥抗氧化作用的构效关系. 结果 化合物SCE 1～9具有很强的抗氧化活性,均能有效地清除ABTS&#8226;+和DPPH自由基,其中化合物SCE 1的活性最强,其清除ABTS&#8226;+自由基的TEAC值为（3.11±0.04）mmol&#8226;L^-1,在浓度50 μmol&#8226;L^-1时对DPPH自由基的清除能力为（95.95±0.76）%. 结论 菝葜中天然多酚类化合物可能是菝葜根茎醋酸乙酯提取物发挥治疗作用的物质基础.     

Two new terpene glucosides and antitumor agents from Centipeda minima

One new monoterpene glucoside minimaoside A (1) and one new sesquiterpene glucoside minimaoside B (2), together with four known terpenoids, were isolated from the whole plants of Centipeda minima (L.) A. Braun et Ashers. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods. Compounds 5 and 6 showed weak or moderate cytotoxic activity toward several tumor cell lines.     

Three new flavane glucosides from the leaves of Morus wittiorum

Three new flavane glucosides (1–3) were isolated from the leaves of Morus wittiorum. The structures with absolute configuration were determined on the basis of hydrolysis and spectroscopic methods including UV, IR, HR-ESI-MS, 1D, and 2D NMR.     

HPLC法测定不同产地的东北龙胆中龙胆苦苷含量

目的 对东北不同产地的龙胆中龙胆苦苷的含量进行比较。方法 采用《中国药典》2000年版一部的方法测定了东北两个不同产地的龙胆中龙胆苦苷的含量。结果 两个不同产地龙胆中龙胆苦苷的含量存在差异,两地地龙胆中龙胆苦苷在八月中旬达到最高。结论 无论在理论上还是在实践应用上都具有一定的指导意义。     

Phenolic acid glucosides from the seeds of Entada phaseoloides Merill

Phytochemical investigation of the defatted seeds of Entada phaseoloides Merill. (Mimosaceae) led to the isolation of three new phenolic acid glucosides, which were characterized as 2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzoyl-β-l-glucopyranoside (p-cresotyl glucoside, 1), 2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzoyl-β-l-glucopyranosyl (2 → 1)-β-l-glucopyranosyl (2 → 1)-β-l-glucopyranoside (p-cresotyl triglucoside, 2), and 2-hydroxybenzoyl-β-l-glucopyranosyl (2 → 1)-β-l-glucopyranosyl (2 → 1)-β-l-glucopyranosyl (2 → 1)-β-l-glucopyranoside (salicylic acid tetraglucoside, 5), along with sucrose and triglucoside. The structures of these phytoconstituents have been established on the basis of spectral data analysis and chemical reactions.     

New sesquiterpene and phenolic glucosides from Saussurea involucrata

One new guaiane-type sesquiterpene glucoside (1) and one new phenolic glucoside (2) were isolated from the whole herb of Saussurea involucrata. Their structures were established by spectroscopic methods, mainly 1D and 2D NMR, and mass spectral analysis.     

大孔树脂吸附法精制牡丹皮总苷的研究

目的：筛选大孔树脂吸附法精制丹皮总苷的最佳条件.方法：采用动态吸附-解吸方法,用HPLC法测定芍药苷的含量对工艺进行评价.结果：上柱量按1 mL树脂吸附3.2 mg芍药苷计,以6倍柱体积水洗脱;收集40%乙醇洗脱液,洗脱剂用量约为6倍柱体积.丹皮总苷得率为3.7%,含芍药苷为17%.结论：该法简单可行,分离效果好,能满足大生产的要求.     

Anti-inflammatory,Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Effects of Artemisinin Extracts from Artemisia annua L.

The anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties of artemisinin derived from water, methanol, ethanol, or acetone extracts of Artemisia annua L. were evaluated. All 4 artemisinin-containing extracts had anti-inflammatory effects. Of these, the acetone extract had the greatest inhibitory effect on lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂), and proinflammatory cytokine (IL-1β , IL-6, and IL-10) production. Antioxidant activity evaluations revealed that the ethanol extract had the highest free radical scavenging activity, (91.0±3.2%), similar to α-tocopherol (99.9%). The extracts had antimicrobial activity against the periodontopathic microorganisms Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. animalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. polymorphum, and Prevotella intermedia. This study shows that Artemisia annua L. extracts contain anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial substances and should be considered for use in pharmaceutical products for the treatment of dental diseases.