石家庄市碘盐质量与重点人群尿碘水平调查结果

目的 了解石家庄市实行全民食盐加碘防治碘缺乏病后碘盐质量与8～10儿童、育龄妇女尿碘状况.方法 2004-2008年,在石家庄市对碘盐生产企业,每月对每批生产的碘盐按东、南、西、北、中(1份)5个方位抽检盐样9份;在石家庄市的23个县(区),抽取210个行政村(居委会),每个行政村(居委会)再抽取8户居民,采集家中盐样;抽取4名育龄妇女,采集尿样.2004-2008年共抽取160所小学,每所小学抽取8～10岁学生20名,采集尿样.盐碘测定采用直接滴定法,尿碘测定采用过硫酸铵消化-砷铈催化分光光度法.结果 2004-2008年,石家庄市生产企业盐碘合格率均＞99%;居民碘盐覆盖率均＞95%,非碘盐率＜5%;碘盐合格率除2004年为87.10%外,其余年份均＞90%;合格碘盐食用率除2004年(83.08%)未达到国家碘缺乏病消除标准(90%)外,其余年份均＞90%.8～10岁儿童和育龄妇女尿碘中位数均＞100μg/L,且＜50μg/L的比例＜10%.结论石家庄市碘盐生产企业碘盐质量和儿童、育龄妇女碘营养都已经达到国家消除碘缺乏病阶段目标要求.     

2007年青海省玉树州碘盐及重点人群尿碘监测结果分析

为了完善县级碘缺乏病监测工作,进一步了解和掌握青海省玉树州碘盐质量和居民户碘盐食用情况,玉树州疾病预防控制中心于2007年3-9月在直属6个县范围内,开展了居民户食用盐和重点人群尿碘监测,现将结果报道如下.     

浙江省不同地区碘盐质量与尿碘水平调查结果评价

目的进一步掌握我省实行加碘防治碘缺乏病后的碘盐质量与尿碘状况,以便提供相应的防治对策。方法按地理分布采用随机整群抽样方法。分别抽查平原、沿海、山区不同碘缺乏病病区的１７３１份盐样,２４５份尿样,测定含碘量。结果４个县（市）的加工厂、销售点、居民用户碘盐质量结果（ｘ±ｓ）分别为４９．３８±１０．６３、４０．８０±１４．０１和３４．１１±１４．７１ｍｇ／ｋｇ。合格率分别为７８．９７％、８７．４３％和７６．５２％。尿碘中位数为２４１．３１μｇ／Ｌ。＞１００μｇ／Ｌ尿样占８５．３１％（２０９／２４５）。其平原、沿海、山区分别占７４．０７％、８９．８７％和９１．７６％。结论不同地区居民用户碘盐含量与尿碘水平呈正相关,学生尿碘水平得到纠正和改善。部分盐碘含量未达到国家标准,提示：应加强碘盐质量的监督监测管理     

2009年青海省碘缺乏病高危地区重点人群碘营养水平调查

目的 了解青海省碘缺乏病高危地区重点人群碘营养水平,为制订防治措施提供科学依据。方法 2009年,选择以往调查中非碘盐率＞5％的德令哈市和碘盐覆盖率、合格碘盐食用率≤80％的久治县、乌兰县、囊谦县、杂多县、格尔木市、玉树县、甘德县、称多县、都兰县以及儿童尿碘中位数＜ 100 μg/L的湟源县共11个县（市）作为监测地区。每个县（市）按东、西、南、北、中抽取5个乡（镇）,每个乡（镇）抽取1所学校,每所学校抽取60名学生采集家中食用盐样,采用直接滴定法(GB/T 13025.7-1999)检测盐碘;同时在每个县（市）抽取3个乡（镇）,每个乡（镇）抽取2所学校,每所学校抽取40名8～10岁学生及学校周边20名18 ～40岁育龄妇女采集尿样,采用过硫酸铵消化砷铈催化分光光度法(WS/T 107-2006)检测尿碘。结果 共检测居民户食用盐样3261份,碘盐覆盖率为79.88％,碘盐合格率为95.16％,合格碘盐食用率为76.02％,非碘盐率为20.12％,囊谦县、杂多县、玉树县和格尔木市非碘盐率分别为88.89％、45.05％、43.00％和12.67％。共检测2536名8～ 10岁儿童尿样,尿碘中位数为155.8μg/L,其中尿碘≤50μg/L的占13.6％(346/2536),＞100 μg/L的占67.5％(1711/2536),囊谦县和杂多县儿童尿碘中位数分别为75.1、94.6 μg/L;共检测665名育龄妇女尿样,尿碘中位数为129.7 μg/L,其中尿碘≤50μg/L的占22.7％( 151/665),＞100 μg/L的占59.2％( 394/665),杂多县、囊谦县和称多县育龄妇女尿碘中位数分别为21.0、54.7、72.7 μg/L。结论 青海省碘缺乏病高危地区儿童及育龄妇女存在碘摄入不足,应尽快纠正这些地区儿童和育龄妇女碘营养偏低状况。     

山东省碘缺乏地区重点人群碘营养调查

目的 了解山东省当前盐碘水平状态下,碘缺乏地区重点人群碘营养状况及防治措施落实情况,为今后防治工作提供依据.方法 2007年,在山东省碘缺乏地区选择山区的岱岳、蒙阴,平原的莒县、高密,沿海的招远,共5个县(市、区)作为调查地区,在每个县(市、区)选择1个乡(镇)作为调查点.采用触诊、B超法进行8～10岁儿童甲状腺检查,直接滴定法检测其家中食用盐含碘量;砷铈催化分光光度法检测8～10岁儿童、孕妇、哺乳期妇女、2岁内婴幼儿及20～45岁育龄妇女5种重点人群的尿碘水平.结果 共检查514例8～10岁儿童甲状腺,触诊甲状腺肿大率为1.8%(9/514),B超检查甲状腺肿大率为1.2%(6/514);共检测501份食用盐,盐碘均值为30.95 mg/kg,碘盐覆盖率为94.6%(474/501),合格碘盐食用率为90.4%(453/501);共检测1707份尿样,尿碘中位数为216.7μg/L,8～10岁儿童、孕妇、哺乳期妇女、2岁内婴幼儿及20～45岁育龄妇女尿碘中位数分别为234.0、165.5、162.4、257.5、233.0μg/L.结论 山东省碘缺乏地区重点人群碘营养水平处于适宜或较适宜状态.表明目前盐碘水平能够满足山东省不同碘缺乏地区人群对碘的需求.

Abstract：

Objective To learn the iodine nutritional status of the vulnerable population with different iodine level under the current level of iodized salt in Shandong province and to offer prevention and cure measures.Methods Five groups of vulnerable population including school children aged 8 - 10, pregnant, lactation women, infants and women of childbearing age from mountain areas ( Daiyue, Mengyin counties ) , plain ( Luxian,Gaomi counties ) and coastal (Zhaoyuan county ) of five different iodine deficient areas were investigated in 2007.The thyroids of children aged 8 - 10 were checked by palpation and B ultrasound, their edible salt iodine level was detected by direct titration. The lever of urinary iodine of vulnerable population was examined by arsenic and cerium speetrophotometry. Results The goiter rates of 8 - 10 year-old were 1.8%(9/514) and 1.2%(6/514), respectively by palpation and B-ultrasonic. The mean iodine of 501 edible salt samples was 30.95 mg/kg. The coverage rate of iodized salt was 94.6% (474/501). The rate of qualified iodized salt was 90.4% (453/501). The median of urinary iodine was 216.7 μg,/L. The urinary iodine of school children aged 8 - 10, pregnant, lactation women, infants and women of childbearing age were 234.0, 165.5, 162.4, 257.5, 233.0 μg/L, respectively. Conclusions Current iodine nutritional level is basically appropriate in all groups of vulnerable people. The current iodine content of iodized salt could meet the needs of population from different iodine deficient areas of Shandong province.     

2007年青海省居民户碘盐及家庭主妇尿碘监测结果分析

根据<全国碘盐监测方案(20016年修订)>和<2007年在碘盐监测基础上开展以县为单位重点人群尿碘监测方案>的要求,2007年作者在青海省开展了居民户食用盐监测.同时根据2006年碘盐监测结果,选择非碘盐率问题突出的祁连县、乌兰县和格尔木市以及2006年没有上报监测数据的玉树州,开展家庭主妇尿碘监测.     

停供碘盐对不同水碘含量地区重点人群尿碘水平的影响

目的 观察停供碘盐后不同水含碘量地区重点人群尿碘水平的变化,为科学补碘提供依据.方法 在江苏省、内蒙古和山东省,分别选择水碘较高、而且变化范围较大睢宁县、土右旗和高青县作为调查地点,采用现场干预方法,对学龄儿童和育龄妇女采取停供碘盐的干预措施.以居民户水碘、学龄儿童和育龄妇女尿含碘量为调查内容,分别在干预前与干预后第1、2个月采集随意尿样进行尿含碘量测定,以尿含碘量为因变量进行相关回归分析.结果 调查对象的家庭生活饮用水水碘中位数为99.4μg/L,水碘范围为5.0～867.6 μg/L.干预前除水碘<30、30μg/L组外,学龄儿童和育龄妇女尿碘中位数均>300μg/L.水碘140μg/L组,在干预后第2个月,学龄儿童的尿碘中位数范围为188.5～308.2μg/L,较干预前(287.9～514.2μg/L)均明显下降(P均<0.01);育龄妇女的尿碘中位数范围为181.1～301.7μg/L.较干预前(299.9～632.2 μg/L)均明显下降(P均<0.01).水碘>150μg/L组,干预后第2个月,学龄儿童和育龄妇女尿碘中位数均>400μg/L,与干预前(484.5、401.9μg/L)比较,差异无统计学意义(X~2值分别为2.684、1.742,P均>0.05).干预后第2个月,学龄儿童、育龄妇女组尿碘中位数随水碘的升高而升高(r值分别为0.950、0.938,P均<0.05),水碘与尿碘回归方程均成立(F值分别为119.779、105.117,P均<0.01).根据回归方程,当尿碘中位数是200μg/L时,对应的水碘中位数是103.4 μg/L.结论 停供碘盐后2个月,学龄儿童、育龄妇女碘营养水平仍为正常;对于水碘均值>103.4μg/L,但≤150μg/L的地区,可以采取停供碘盐的措施;对于水碘>150μg/L的地区,除了停供碘盐外,还必须采取改水措施,有效降低水中的含碘量.     

2008年广西沿海地区碘缺乏病重点人群碘营养状况调查

目的 调查2008年广西沿海5个县(区)碘缺乏病重点人群碘营养状况,提出相应防治措施.方法 在广西碘盐监测中碘盐覆盖率、碘盐合格率和居民合格碘盐食用率一直处于全区低水平的北海市海城区、铁山港区、银海区、合浦县以及钦州市钦南区5个沿海县(区),采用随机抽样的方法,合浦县抽取6个乡(镇),其余县(区)各抽取3个乡(镇),每个乡(镇)抽取2个行政村,每个行政村抽取40名8～10岁学龄儿童及10名18～42岁育龄妇女(要求包括有半数比例的妊娠妇女和哺乳期妇女),用砷铈催化分光光度法(WS/T 107-2006)检测尿碘.结果 共采集8～10岁儿童尿样1437份,尿碘中位数为191.0μg/L,<20μg/L的比例为1.4%(20/1437),<50μg/L的比例为5.4%(77/1437),<100μg/L的比例为20.3%(292/1437);5个县(区)儿童尿碘中位数为134.5～220.0μg/L,其中海城区、合浦县儿童尿碘中位数>200 μg/L(分别为220.0、209.5μg/L),其他3个县(区)儿童尿碘中位数均在100～200μg/L适宜范围内(分别为134.5、162.4、199.3μg/L);8、9岁组儿童尿碘中位数(192.3、206.7μg/L)均高于10岁组(157.2μg/L,χ2值分别为19.644、41.997,P均<0.017).共采集妇女尿样365份,5个县(区)妇女尿碘中位数为88.2～195.6μg/L,其中海城区和合浦县妇女尿碘中位数>150 μg/L(分别为195.6、156.5μg/L),铁山港区妇女尿碘中位数最低(88.2μg/L)且<100μg/L;在妊娠妇女、哺乳期妇女、育龄妇女中,育龄妇女尿碘中位数最高,为152.6μg/L,哺乳期妇女尿碘中位数为131.9μg/L,妊娠妇女尿碘中位数最低(89.4 μg/L)且<100μg/L,仅有6.7%(2/30)的妊娠妇女尿碘水平处于150～250μg/L适宜范围.结论 广西沿海5个县(区)8～10岁儿童碘营养状况良好,育龄妇女和哺乳期妇女尿碘水平在碘营养适宜范围内,妊娠妇女整体上未达碘营养适宜水平.建议将妊娠妇女碘营养监测纳入常规监测,进一步落实碘盐防治措施,加强健康教育宣传,提高碘盐覆盖率.     

佛冈县重点人群碘营养状况调查结果分析

目的　为了解和评价现行加碘盐浓度是否满足中度缺碘地区不同人群的碘营养需求和进一步调整碘盐浓度提供科学依据。方法　在中度缺碘地区各选择 1个市区 (城镇 )和农村作为调查点 ,调查 8～ 10岁学生、育龄妇女、孕妇、哺乳妇女及其婴幼儿的尿碘、哺乳妇女乳汁碘含量、学生甲状腺肿和家庭食盐碘含量。结果　盐碘中位数为 2 7.5 mg/ kg,碘盐覆盖率为 97.9% ,居民户合格碘盐食用率为 75 .5 %。人群尿碘中位数为 2 0 4.3μg/ L,8～ 10岁学生、婴幼儿、育龄妇女、哺乳妇女、孕妇的尿碘中位数分别为 2 86 .7、2 37.1、187.6、172 .6、12 5 .6μg/ L,不同人群间尿碘水平差异有非常显著意义 ( P <0 .0 0 1) ,婴幼儿和学生的尿碘明显高于其他 3种人群。县城哺乳妇女乳汁碘明显高于农村 ( P <0 .0 1)。结论　认为现行的加碘盐浓度足以保证 5种重点人群的碘营养需求 ,但学生和婴幼儿的碘营养水平却有偏高趋势 ,因此 ,建议将现行加碘盐浓度 ( 35± 15 ) m g/ kg下调为 ( 30± 10 )mg/ kg更为合适。     

不同人群尿碘水平监测结果分析

目的 掌握北京市昌平区学龄前儿童、8-10岁学生、育龄妇女及孕妇尿碘水平。方法 随机抽取昌平区5所幼儿园学龄前儿童895名、6所小学8-10岁学生763名、6所医院辖区范围内的育龄妇女742名及孕妇402名，进行尿碘检测。结果 昌平区学龄前儿童、8-10岁学生、育龄妇女及孕妇四类人群尿碘中位数均达到《碘缺乏病消除标准》100μg／L以上的标准；学龄前儿童尿碘中位数高于其他三类人群、8—10岁学生和育龄妇女尿碘中位数基本一致、孕妇尿碘中位数最低。结论 建议今后在碘缺乏病防治工作中应将学龄前儿童、育龄妇女和孕妇尿碘水平监测纳入常规工作。     

石家庄市2004～2008年盐碘监测分析

目的了解石家庄市批发层次和居民户食用盐碘质量情况，为2010年石家庄市消除碘缺乏病提供理论依据。方法批发层次，每月监测9份盐进行盐碘定量测定；居民户层次，从石家庄市23个区（县）按一定比例随机抽取一定数量的盐样进行检测；结果汇总分析。结果2004～2008年石家庄市批发层次碘盐合格率在99％以上；全市碘盐覆盖率在90％以上，居民户碘盐合格率除2004年87．10％以外，其余年份均在90％以上，合格碘盐食用率除2004年（83．08％）未达到国家碘缺乏病消除标准（90％）外，其余年份均在90％以上。结论2004～2008年石家庄市居民食用碘盐质量逐年转好，达到国家消除碘缺乏病阶段目标标准。     

碘盐防治碘缺乏病效果的系统评价

目的 评价不同含碘量食盐防治碘缺乏病的效果.方法 采用Cochrane系统评价的原理与方法,通过计算机检索的Cochrane Library(1994-)、Medline光盘数据库(1966-)、BA数据库(1969-)、PubMed(1950-)、OVID数据库(1950-)、ISI Web of Knowledge(1966-)、维普中文科技期刊数据库(1989-)、万方数据库(1997-)、中国生物医学文献光盘数据库(1978-)、CNKI(1994-),并手工检索<中华预防医学杂志>(1953-)、<中国地方病学杂志>(1986-)、<中华流行病学杂志>(1981-)、<中国地方病防治杂志>(1986-)、<地方病通报>(1986-)、<现代预防医学>(1975-)6种杂志,时间均截止到2007年3月.按照纳入、排除标准纳入合格的有效文献,并对其进行严格的质量评价,对结果 进行描述性分析及定性综合.结果 共纳人13项观察.前6项观察为设有对照的干预试验,其中2项为社区干预试验,采用不同含碘量的食盐对人群实施干预:4项为随机对照试验,比较碘盐和其他干预措施对碘缺乏病的防治效果.另外7项为横断面调查,分析盐含碘量下调后,人群碘营养状况.经过分析显示,食用低碘盐的人群尿碘水平较为合理,甲状腺肿大率也明显下降.结论 碘盐被认为是预防碘缺乏病最好的补碘方法,但不同含碘量食盐对碘缺乏病的防治效果有不同.适当的降低盐含碘量不仅能达到防治碘缺乏病的目的,而且能使由于碘摄入过量导致的副作用降到最低,同时可以节约大量的碘资源.目前,尚需要开展高质量、大样本的社区干预试验,以深入探讨不同加碘量的食盐对碘缺乏病的防治效果.     

2008年山东省碘缺乏病高危地区核实调查

Objective To survey the highly risk iodine deficiency regions of Shandong Province and to provide reference basis for further executing urgent iodine supply. Methods The annual document of cretinism in Licheng District in Jinan City and Shouguang City, the two iodine deficiency regions, were referred. Forty children aged 8-10 years of 2 targeted schools from 3 towns out of every targeted region underwent palpation, ultrasonography and As3+-Ce4+catalyzing speetrophotometry for ultra iodine examination. Twenty women aged 18-40 years from 2 villages sampled from every targeted town received ultra iodine examination and edible salt examination of iodine with direct titration. Results No new cretinism and suspected cretinism was found since 1995 in the regions. The goiter rates of children of the two regions detected with palpation and ultrasonography were 7.5% (18/241),6.2% (15/241) and 5.0% (13/259), 1.2% (3/259), respectively. Two hundred forty and 249 urine samples were respectively collected in school children, in which the median urinary iodine was 226.3,282.7 μg/L. One hundred twenty urine samples were respectively collected from the two group of women, resulting a median urinary iodine of 187.2,321.7 μg/L. Eight and 2 salt samples were free of iodine in 120 salt samples collected each region, respectively. The rate of qualified iodized salt was 100%. Conclusions It is not necessary to urgently implement iodine supply in Shouguang City and Licheng District. However, reinforcement of supervise on salt industry and eliminating the hazard from non-iodized and disqualified iodized salt remains in need.     

辽宁省碘缺乏病病区不同补碘时期出生儿童智力水平调查

objecfive To know and compare the intelligence level of children born in different time periods in regions with iodine deficiency disorders(IDD)in Liaoning province.Methods All 7-14 year-old children from ten schools were chosen as the subjects respectively from six villages in each of the six counties and in regions with iodine deficiency,who were respectively born at the initialization of iodinated salt supplying period(1978-1980);non-iodinated salt supplying period(1981-1990);recovery of supplied iodized salt period(1991-1995);universal iodized salt period(1996-2000),respectively.Intelligence quotient(IQ)was measured by Combined Ravens Test in China(CRT-C)and Combined Ravens Test-the Rural,in China,2nd edition(CRT-RC2).Results IQ of children during the non-iodized salt period(91.9±14.3)was significantly lower than the initial supply of iodized salt period(95.8±14.6,q=8.60,P<0.01),recovery of supplied iodized salt period(99.7±14.7)was significantly higher than the initial supply of iodized salt period, non-iodized salt sales period(q = 9.53, 18.13, all P < 0.01 ),universal salt iodization( 104.3 ± 14.9) was significantly higher than the initial supply of iodized salt period, non-iodized salt sales period, recovery of supplied salt iodization(q = 20.00,28.00,10.46, all P < 0.01). Children's rate of mental retardation (IQ≤69) was higher in non-iodinated salt supplying period (6.7%, 88/1314 ) than the initial supply of iodized salt (4.4%, 21/471, χ2 = 3.85, P < 0.05), recovery of supplied iodized salt period(3.3%,48/1470) was significantly lower than non-iodinzed salt supplying period (χ2 = 15.37, P < 0.01), universal salt iodization period(2.7%, 36/1344) was lower than the initial supply of iodized salt period(χ2 = 4.41, P < 0.05) and non-iodinzed salt supplying period(χ2 = 26.34, P < 0.01 ). The IQ and intelligent retarded rates in children born during the initial years of iodinated salt supplying period were not different. The IQ of the children during ten years of non-iodized salt supplying period fluctuated in a "∪" curve, while the intelligent retardation rates in a "∩" curve.The children born during the period of recovery supplied iodized salt increased their IQ and lowered the retardation rates year after year. The IQ of the children in universal iodized salt period kept on increasing while intelligent retarded rates reduced to the lowest level. Conclusions The intelligence level of children born in regions with IDD during non-iodized salt supplying period is remarkably lower than that of the beginning years of iodinated salt supplying period. The intelligence level of children born after universal iodized salt period is remarkably higher than that of the initial iodinated salt supplying period and recovery of supplied iodized salt period, respectively.     

辽宁省碘缺乏病病区不同补碘时期出生儿童智力水平调查

objecfive To know and compare the intelligence level of children born in different time periods in regions with iodine deficiency disorders(IDD)in Liaoning province.Methods All 7-14 year-old children from ten schools were chosen as the subjects respectively from six villages in each of the six counties and in regions with iodine deficiency,who were respectively born at the initialization of iodinated salt supplying period(1978-1980);non-iodinated salt supplying period(1981-1990);recovery of supplied iodized salt period(1991-1995);universal iodized salt period(1996-2000),respectively.Intelligence quotient(IQ)was measured by Combined Ravens Test in China(CRT-C)and Combined Ravens Test-the Rural,in China,2nd edition(CRT-RC2).Results IQ of children during the non-iodized salt period(91.9±14.3)was significantly lower than the initial supply of iodized salt period(95.8±14.6,q=8.60,P<0.01),recovery of supplied iodized salt period(99.7±14.7)was significantly higher than the initial supply of iodized salt period, non-iodized salt sales period(q = 9.53, 18.13, all P < 0.01 ),universal salt iodization( 104.3 ± 14.9) was significantly higher than the initial supply of iodized salt period, non-iodized salt sales period, recovery of supplied salt iodization(q = 20.00,28.00,10.46, all P < 0.01). Children's rate of mental retardation (IQ≤69) was higher in non-iodinated salt supplying period (6.7%, 88/1314 ) than the initial supply of iodized salt (4.4%, 21/471, χ2 = 3.85, P < 0.05), recovery of supplied iodized salt period(3.3%,48/1470) was significantly lower than non-iodinzed salt supplying period (χ2 = 15.37, P < 0.01), universal salt iodization period(2.7%, 36/1344) was lower than the initial supply of iodized salt period(χ2 = 4.41, P < 0.05) and non-iodinzed salt supplying period(χ2 = 26.34, P < 0.01 ). The IQ and intelligent retarded rates in children born during the initial years of iodinated salt supplying period were not different. The IQ of the children during ten years of non-iodized salt supplying period fluctuated in a "∪" curve, while the intelligent retardation rates in a "∩" curve.The children born during the period of recovery supplied iodized salt increased their IQ and lowered the retardation rates year after year. The IQ of the children in universal iodized salt period kept on increasing while intelligent retarded rates reduced to the lowest level. Conclusions The intelligence level of children born in regions with IDD during non-iodized salt supplying period is remarkably lower than that of the beginning years of iodinated salt supplying period. The intelligence level of children born after universal iodized salt period is remarkably higher than that of the initial iodinated salt supplying period and recovery of supplied iodized salt period, respectively.     

2008年西藏碘盐监测结果分析

目的 了解西藏食用盐覆盖情况和质量,为下一步碘缺乏病的防治工作提供科学依据.方法 按照<精制盐工业主要产品取样方法>,2008年在西藏碘盐加工企业,取1个批次15份盐样检测盐碘;在每个县(市、区)的东、南、西、北、中5个方位各抽取1个乡(镇、街道),如果监测县所辖不足5个乡数则每个乡均进行抽样;每个乡(镇、街道)随机抽取4个行政村(居委会),每个行政村抽取15户居民,抽取住户食用盐盐样检测盐碘.结果 共检测碘盐加工厂1个,1个批次的15份盐样全部合格,盐碘为(34.6±1.58)mg/kg;共监测居民食用盐样21 107份,其中碘盐11 203份,碘盐覆盖率为53.08%.其中西藏山南地区碘盐覆盖率94.31%(3395/3600)最高,那曲、昌都、阿里地区较低,分别为29.84%(897/3006)、24.94%(823/3300)、17.08%(205/1200).结论 西藏的碘盐质量符合国家要求,但碘盐覆盖率整体水平较低;建议继续按国家要求实行以食盐加碘为主、投服碘油丸为辅的综合防治策略.     

2008年山东省碘缺乏病高危地区核实调查

Objective To survey the highly risk iodine deficiency regions of Shandong Province and to provide reference basis for further executing urgent iodine supply. Methods The annual document of cretinism in Licheng District in Jinan City and Shouguang City, the two iodine deficiency regions, were referred. Forty children aged 8-10 years of 2 targeted schools from 3 towns out of every targeted region underwent palpation, ultrasonography and As3+-Ce4+catalyzing speetrophotometry for ultra iodine examination. Twenty women aged 18-40 years from 2 villages sampled from every targeted town received ultra iodine examination and edible salt examination of iodine with direct titration. Results No new cretinism and suspected cretinism was found since 1995 in the regions. The goiter rates of children of the two regions detected with palpation and ultrasonography were 7.5% (18/241),6.2% (15/241) and 5.0% (13/259), 1.2% (3/259), respectively. Two hundred forty and 249 urine samples were respectively collected in school children, in which the median urinary iodine was 226.3,282.7 μg/L. One hundred twenty urine samples were respectively collected from the two group of women, resulting a median urinary iodine of 187.2,321.7 μg/L. Eight and 2 salt samples were free of iodine in 120 salt samples collected each region, respectively. The rate of qualified iodized salt was 100%. Conclusions It is not necessary to urgently implement iodine supply in Shouguang City and Licheng District. However, reinforcement of supervise on salt industry and eliminating the hazard from non-iodized and disqualified iodized salt remains in need.     

2008年山东省碘缺乏病高危地区核实调查

Objective To survey the highly risk iodine deficiency regions of Shandong Province and to provide reference basis for further executing urgent iodine supply. Methods The annual document of cretinism in Licheng District in Jinan City and Shouguang City, the two iodine deficiency regions, were referred. Forty children aged 8-10 years of 2 targeted schools from 3 towns out of every targeted region underwent palpation, ultrasonography and As3+-Ce4+catalyzing speetrophotometry for ultra iodine examination. Twenty women aged 18-40 years from 2 villages sampled from every targeted town received ultra iodine examination and edible salt examination of iodine with direct titration. Results No new cretinism and suspected cretinism was found since 1995 in the regions. The goiter rates of children of the two regions detected with palpation and ultrasonography were 7.5% (18/241),6.2% (15/241) and 5.0% (13/259), 1.2% (3/259), respectively. Two hundred forty and 249 urine samples were respectively collected in school children, in which the median urinary iodine was 226.3,282.7 μg/L. One hundred twenty urine samples were respectively collected from the two group of women, resulting a median urinary iodine of 187.2,321.7 μg/L. Eight and 2 salt samples were free of iodine in 120 salt samples collected each region, respectively. The rate of qualified iodized salt was 100%. Conclusions It is not necessary to urgently implement iodine supply in Shouguang City and Licheng District. However, reinforcement of supervise on salt industry and eliminating the hazard from non-iodized and disqualified iodized salt remains in need.     

2008年山东省碘缺乏病高危地区核实调查

Objective To survey the highly risk iodine deficiency regions of Shandong Province and to provide reference basis for further executing urgent iodine supply. Methods The annual document of cretinism in Licheng District in Jinan City and Shouguang City, the two iodine deficiency regions, were referred. Forty children aged 8-10 years of 2 targeted schools from 3 towns out of every targeted region underwent palpation, ultrasonography and As3+-Ce4+catalyzing speetrophotometry for ultra iodine examination. Twenty women aged 18-40 years from 2 villages sampled from every targeted town received ultra iodine examination and edible salt examination of iodine with direct titration. Results No new cretinism and suspected cretinism was found since 1995 in the regions. The goiter rates of children of the two regions detected with palpation and ultrasonography were 7.5% (18/241),6.2% (15/241) and 5.0% (13/259), 1.2% (3/259), respectively. Two hundred forty and 249 urine samples were respectively collected in school children, in which the median urinary iodine was 226.3,282.7 μg/L. One hundred twenty urine samples were respectively collected from the two group of women, resulting a median urinary iodine of 187.2,321.7 μg/L. Eight and 2 salt samples were free of iodine in 120 salt samples collected each region, respectively. The rate of qualified iodized salt was 100%. Conclusions It is not necessary to urgently implement iodine supply in Shouguang City and Licheng District. However, reinforcement of supervise on salt industry and eliminating the hazard from non-iodized and disqualified iodized salt remains in need.