三七丹参抗大鼠免疫性肝纤维化的初步研究

目的：初步探讨三七丹参（Sanqidanshen）对大鼠免疫性肝纤维化的影响。方法：利用猪血清腹腔注射12周的方法,复制大鼠免疫性肝纤维化模型。第7周开始,同时给予1g/kg的三七丹参或秋水仙碱0.1mg/kg灌胃治疗6周。12周末处死动物,分离血清,全自动生化分析仪检测肝功能丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、白蛋白（ALB）和总胆红素（TB）,ELISA检测透明质酸（HA）、Ⅲ型前胶原（PC-Ⅲ）、Ⅳ型胶原（C-Ⅳ）和层黏连蛋白（LN）。取肝组织做病理检查,进行肝纤维化程度分期。结果：三七丹参能降低血清ALT、AST,减轻肝纤维化程度,降低免疫性肝纤维化大鼠HA、LN、PC-Ⅲ及C-Ⅳ水平。结论：三七丹参具有抗大鼠免疫性肝纤维化的作用。     

三七丹参对四氯化碳致小鼠实验性肝纤维化的影响

目的 观察三七丹参对四氯化碳(CCl4)所致实验性肝纤维化的影响.方法 采用CCl4复制小鼠肝纤维化模型,同时给1g/kg的三七丹参治疗,测定血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、白蛋白(Alb)、透明质酸(HA)、Ⅲ型前胶原(PC-Ⅲ)、Ⅳ型胶原(IV-C)和层粘蛋白(LN),并用光镜观察肝脏组织学改变,进行炎症活动度分级及肝纤维化分期.综合分析三七丹参对CCl4中毒性肝纤维化的防治作用.结果 三七丹参具有降低ALT、AST的作用,并显著降低HA、PCⅢ和ⅣC.经治疗后的肝细胞变性、坏死及纤维组织增生明显减少.结论 三七丹参具有抗实验性肝纤维化的作用.     

小柴胡汤通过TGF-β1/Smad通路改善大鼠肝纤维化

目的研究小柴胡汤通过转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)/Smad通路改善大鼠肝纤维化的作用及机制。方法雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、中药组、中药+SRI组,采用四氯化碳皮下注射的方式建立大鼠肝纤维化模型,给与小柴胡汤灌胃及Smad2/3激活剂SRI-011381腹腔注射干预。比较各组大鼠肝脏病理改变、血清天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、白蛋白(ALB)、透明质酸(HA)、层粘蛋白(LN)、Ⅲ型前胶原(PCⅢ)含量,以及肝脏中TGF-β1、Smad2、Smad3表达的差异。结果与对照组比较,模型组大鼠出现了典型的肝纤维化病理改变,血清中ALB的含量降低,血清中ALT、AST、HA、LN、PCⅢ的含量及肝脏中TGF-β1、Smad2、Smad3的表达水平增加;与模型组比较,中药组大鼠肝纤维化的病理改变减轻,血清中ALB的含量增加,血清中ALT、AST、HA、LN、PCⅢ的含量及肝脏中TGF-β1、Smad2、Smad3的表达水平降低;与中药组比较,中药+SRI组大鼠肝纤维化的病理改变加重,血清中ALB的含量降低,血清中ALT、AST、HA、LN、PCⅢ的含量及肝脏中TGF-β1、Smad2、Smad3的表达水平增加。结论小柴胡汤能够改善大鼠的肝纤维化,抑制TGF-β1/Smad通路是介导这一改善作用可能的分子机制。     

外源性硫化氢对大鼠慢性肝纤维化的保护作用

目的观察外源性硫化氢(H2S)对四氯化碳(CCl4)致大鼠肝纤维化的保护作用。方法 CCl4复制大鼠肝纤维化模型后分为模型组和预防组,模型组给予生理盐水腹腔注射,预防组给予NaHS腹腔注射,观察各组大鼠血清中透明质酸(HA)、层黏连蛋白(LN)、Ⅲ型前胶原(PCⅢ)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)及白蛋白(Alb)的变化,以及肝组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化酶(GSH-Px)活性变化及丙二醛(MDA)含量变化,并应用HE和Masson染色观察各组肝组织病理学改变。结果与模型组比较,预防组大鼠血清ALT、AST、HA、LN、PCⅢ及肝组织MDA含量均降低,而血清中Alb及肝组织中SOD及GSH-Px活性升高;病理学检测肝纤维化程度显著减轻。结论外源性H2S对CCl4诱导的大鼠慢性肝损伤具有保护作用,其机制可能与抑制肝内胶原合成、减少自由基生成、减轻脂质过氧化及抑制肝星状细胞增殖活化有关。     

复肝宁对实验性肝纤维化大鼠血清标志物和肝功能的影响

目的观察中药复肝宁对肝纤维化的预防效果,探讨其作用机理。方法采用猪血清腹腔注射法制成大鼠免疫性肝纤维化模型,观察复肝宁对实验性肝纤维化大鼠血清ALT、AST和血清标志物HA、LN、C-Ⅳ含量的影响。结果实验性肝纤维化大鼠在应用复肝宁后,血清ALT、AST和血清标志物HA、LN、C-Ⅳ含量明显降低,与病理模型组比较有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。结论复肝宁能有效防止免疫性肝纤维化模型大鼠血清ALT、AST和血清标志物HA、LN、CⅣ含量的升高,具有保护肝细胞、抑制肝纤维化形成、促进胶原降解的作用,从而对肝纤维化...     

丹参滴丸联合苦参素治疗大鼠肝纤维化的实验研究

目的 观察丹参滴丸联合苦参素对大鼠肝纤维化的保护作用.方法 60只大鼠随机分成3组,每组20只.对照组不制作模型,模型组和实验组采用CCI4四复合因素法诱导肝纤维化大鼠模型.各组每天给药1次,对照组和模型组给予蒸馏水灌胃;实验组给予丹参滴丸联合苦参素治疗,3组连续给药7周.分别于治疗前、治疗后检测各组大鼠血清中丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及血清总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、丙二醛(MDA)透明质酸(HA)、层粘蛋白(CN)、Ⅲ型前胶原(PCⅢ)和Ⅳ型胶原(CⅣ)含量水平.结果 丹参滴丸联合苦参素能明显抑制肝纤维化大鼠血清中ALT、AST、SOD活性的升高,增加TP和ALB含量,降低MDA、HA、CN、PCⅢ和CⅣ含量.结论 丹参滴丸联合苦参素有明显的抗肝纤维化作用.     

丙型肝炎患者血清肝功能与肝纤维化的相关性

目的 探讨肝功能指标:丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、白蛋白(ALB)、总胆红素(TBIL)在丙型肝炎患者肝纤维化评价中的应用.方法 检测106例丙型肝炎患者和79例健康体检人群的血清肝功能指标(ALT、ALB、TBIL)和肝纤维化标志物(HA、LN、PCⅢ、Ⅳ-C),并分析它们之间的关系.结果 丙型肝炎患者的血清HA、LN、PCⅢ、Ⅳ-C、ALT、TBIL含量高于正常人,ALB低于后者,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.01).相关分析表明:ALT与PCⅢ存在显著正相关(r=0.201,P＜0.05);ALB与HA、 PCⅢ、Ⅳ-C存在显著负相关(r=-0.391,-0.239,-0.303,均P＜0.05);TBIL与HA、LN、PCⅢ和Ⅳ-C存在显著正相关(r=0.319,0.211,0.377,0.389,均P＜0.05).结论 丙型肝炎患者的肝功能较正常人群有所下降,肝纤维化风险更高.肝功能指标ALT、ALB和TBIL在辅助诊断丙型肝炎患者肝纤维化时有一定作用,三者在肝纤维化评价中的应用价值呈TBIL > ALB >ALT顺序排列.     

肝纤颗粒抗实验性肝纤维化药效学研究

目的观察肝纤颗粒对肝纤维化动物血清相关指标（ALT、AST、ALP、TBiLi、LN、HA、Ⅳ-C）、肝脏羟脯氨酸（Hyp）和肝脏病理组织的影响。方法以四氯化碳皮下注射复制大鼠化学性肝纤维化模型,与秋水仙碱作比较。结果肝纤颗粒能显著降低肝纤维化大鼠血清ALT、AST和ALP活性,降低血清HA、LN及肝组织Hyp含量,病理组织观察亦显示给药组肝纤维化程度较模型组轻。结论肝纤颗粒具有较好的抗肝纤维化作用。     

肝纤愈对免疫性肝纤维化大鼠胶原代谢水平的影响

目的建立大鼠免疫损伤性肝纤维化的实验模型,研究中药复方肝纤愈对血清层黏蛋白(Laminin,LN)、透明质酸(Hyaluronic acid,HA)、血清Ⅲ型前胶原(Precollagen typeⅢ,PCⅢ)、肝脏羟脯氨酸(Hydroxyproline,Hyp)含量的影响,探讨其抗肝纤维化的作用机制。方法在以人血白蛋白诱导的免疫损伤性肝纤维化大鼠模型基础上,肝纤愈大、小剂量(12．2、6．1g/kg),灌胃给药,连续8周,以鳖甲软肝片和秋水仙碱为阳性对照药,放射性免疫方法测定大鼠血清中HA、LN、PCⅢ含量,化学法测定肝脏羟脯氨酸含量。同时观察肝脏组织病理学改变。结果肝纤愈大剂量组可明显降低人血白蛋白诱导免疫性肝纤维化大鼠模型血清中HA、LN、PCⅢ的含量,同时可降低大鼠肝脏中羟脯氨酸的含量。肝脏组织病理学有显著改善。结论肝纤愈通过对肝脏胶原物质代谢的影响而产生抗肝纤维化作用。     

灵芪蠲肝液抗四氯化碳实验性大鼠肝纤维化的研究

目的研究灵芪蠲肝液对大鼠肝纤维化的防治作用。方法选用雄性Wistar大鼠，随机分为，正常对照、模型组、灵芪蠲肝液3个剂量组，肝苏颗粒阳性对照组。肝纤维化模型用40％的四氯化碳油液3mL／kg皮下注射，每周2次，连续10周。实验开始时，正常对照组除外，其余各组大鼠均皮下注射40％的四氯化碳油液3mL／kg，4周后各用药组开始给药，10周后麻醉大鼠，心脏取血，测定肝功能、血清一氧化氮（NO）、丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和肝纤维化指标透明质酸（HA）、层粘连蛋白（LN）Ⅲ型前胶原（PCⅢ）、Ⅳ型胶原（CⅣ）；取肝制备10％肝匀浆，测定其中的丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和羟脯氨酸（HYP）水平，并取肝组织做病理检查。结果大鼠肝纤维化损伤时，ALT、AST活性及血清NO、HA、LN、PCⅢ、CⅣ和MDA含量及肝匀浆MDA、HYP明显增加。而ALB、SOD明显降低，与正常对照组比较差异有显著性（P〈0．05），与模型组比较灵芪蠲肝液可降低ALT、AST活性及血清NO、HA、LN、PCⅢ、CIV和MDA含量及肝匀浆MDA、HYP水平。而提高ALB、SOD含量，差异均有显著性（P〈0．05）。病理检查发现灵芪蠲肝液能减轻肝脂肪变性，减少纤维组织的增生。结论灵芪蠲肝液对四氯化碳实验性大鼠肝纤维化具有防治作用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.