特发性黄斑裂孔手术后视力和光感受器内外节连接的变化

目的 观察微创玻璃体切割手术治疗特发性黄斑裂孔（IMH）手术后视力和光感受器内外节连接（IS/OS）的改变。方法 行玻璃体切割手术治疗的连续IMH患者40例40只眼纳入研究。其中，男性12例，女例28例；平均年龄（62.43±5.68）岁；平均病程2.78个月。均行最佳矫正视力（BCVA）、眼压、裂隙灯显微镜联合前置镜检查，眼底彩色照相和频域光相干断层扫描检查。BCVA检查采用标准对数视力表，统计分析时换算为最小分辨角对数（logMAR）视力。患眼BCVA 0.05～0.5，平均logMAR BCVA 0.71±0.19。黄斑裂孔Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ期分别为4、16、20只眼。平均黄斑裂孔颈部最小直径（410.13±175.72） μm；平均底部最大直径（775.00±264.77） μm。IS/OS破坏直径618.00～2 589.00 μm，平均破坏直径（1 682.08±484.11） μm。均行23G联合25G微创玻璃体切割手术。手术后平均随访时间33.75个月。观察手术后1、3个月和末次随访时的BCVA、黄斑中心凹结构；分析末次随访logMAR BCVA和IS/OS破坏直径的影响因素及其与随访时间的关系。结果 手术后1、3个月和末次随访平均logMAR BCVA分别为0.49±0.31、0.37±0.26、0.30±0.26。与手术前平均logMAR BCVA比较，差异均有统计学意义（Z=-4.598、-5.215、-5.218， P＜0.05）。手术前logMAR BCVA、黄斑裂孔最小直径与末次随访logMAR BCVA相关（r=0.401、0.392,P＜0.05）；手术前、末次随访IS/OS的破坏直径大小和末次随访logMAR BCVA相关（r=0.339、0.353,P＜0.05）；末次随访时间的长短与末次随访logMAR BCVA、IS/OS破坏直径的大小无相关(r=0.000、0.018，P＞0.05)。末次随访时，黄斑裂孔完全闭合39只眼，占97.5%。IS/OS完全连接32只眼；仍有破坏8只眼。结论 IMH手术后患者视力稳定，IS/OS完全连接率高。     

影响特发性黄斑裂孔微创玻璃体切割手术后视力预后的相关因素研究

目的 探讨影响特发性黄斑裂孔(IMH)微创玻璃体切割手术(TSV)后视力预后的相关因素.方法 前瞻性临床研究.连续接受23G TSV治疗的IMH患者46例50只眼纳入研究.其中,男性8例9只眼,女性38例41只眼；平均年龄(60.7±9.6)岁.均采用Snellen视力表行矫正视力(CVA)检查,同时行验光、裂隙灯显微镜加前置镜、频域(SD)光相干断层扫描(OCT)检查.将小数视力换算成最小分辨角对数(logMAR)视力进行统计学处理.患者CVA 0.02～0.6,平均logMAR CVA 0.95±0.29；平均病程(11.1±7.8)个月；平均光感受器内外节连接(IS/OS)断裂长度(1 566.9±830.5) μm;平均黄斑裂孔底部最大直径(914.0±484.8) μm. IMH 2、3、4期分别为10、19、21只眼.患者均行TSV.以手术后3个月为疗效评价时间点,分析手术后视力与患者年龄、病程、手术前视力、IMH分期、手术前IS/OS断裂长度、黄斑裂孔底部最大直径、手术后中心凹感光细胞层厚度、IS/OS断裂长度的相关性；观察TSV治疗IMH的安全性.结果 手术后3个月,所有患眼黄斑裂孔均闭合,占100.0％.平均logMAR CVA 0.45±0.25;平均中心凹感光细胞层厚度、平均IS/OS断裂长度分别为(183.8±62.6)、(477.5±341.9) μm.手术后平均logMAR CVA与手术前比较,差异有统计学意义(Z=6.571,P＜0.001).平均IS/OS断裂长度较手术前明显缩短,差异有统计学意义(t=12.679,P＜0.001).相关性分析结果显示,手术后logMAR CVA与手术前logMAR CVA(r=0.569)、病程(r=0.465)、手术前后IS/OS断裂长度(r=0.574、0.564)均呈正相关关系(P＜0.001)；与患者年龄、黄斑裂孔 底部最大直径、手术后中心凹感光细胞层厚度无相关关系(r=0.546、0.361、-0.441,P＞0.05).IMH 4期患眼较2、3期患眼手术后logMAR CVA差,其差异有统计学意义(Z=0.455、2.556,P＜0.05).手术后出现并发性白内障17只眼；黄斑前膜8只眼.行白内障摘除手术后视力再次明显提高.未出现眼内感染等与手术相关的并发症.结论 影响IMH患眼TSV后视力预后的主要因素为手术前视力、病程、IS/OS断裂长度.     

特发性黄斑裂孔玻璃体切除手术联合空气填充的临床观察

目的：通过观察空气填充在特发性黄斑裂孔闭合、黄斑形态和功能变化的情况,得出玻璃体术后空气填充是否是特发性黄斑裂孔值得推荐的填充方式。

方法：采用回顾性分析方法,选择连续手术的特发性黄斑裂孔31例31眼行23G玻璃体切除手术后填充空气,观察患者最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、裂孔闭合、IS/OS破坏直径、手术前后视物变形程度、手术并发症,探讨此类患者玻璃体切除术后空气填充的临床意义及应用价值。

结果：孔径≤250μm的闭合率是100%,孔径250～400μm的闭合率为88.9%,孔径400～600μm的闭合率为93.3%; 最佳矫正视力在基线和术后1、3mo是0.12±0.08,0.28±0.15和0.27±0.18; 手术前IS/OS破坏直径为1962.1±510.7μm,术后3mo,IS/OS破坏直径为1245.3±396.5μm,手术前后IS/OS破坏直径差异有统计学意义(P=0.016); 术后俯卧位时间为3.5±0.4d; 患者视物变形明显改善; 术后未发生严重并发症。

结论：该研究表明,对于特发性黄斑孔而言,空气填充能达到较好的裂孔闭合、视功能恢复、俯卧位时间较短且无严重手术并发症。黄斑裂孔玻璃体切除手术后填充空气是一值得推荐的手术方式。     

特发性黄斑裂孔的黄斑裂孔直径、被破坏的光感受器细胞内外节直径及其与视力的相关性研究

Objective To observe the diameters of macular hole and destroyed boundary line between inner and outer segment (IS/OS) of the photoreceptors and the correlation with the visual acuity in patients with idiopathic macular hole(IMH). Methods The clinical data of 39 eyes (37 patients) with IMH were retrospective analyzed. All the patients had undergone the examinations of visual acuity (Snellen chart), intra-acular pressure, ocular fundus (indirect ophthalmoscope), and Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) whose speed was 27 000 A scan/s, area was 6.0 mm×6.0 mm, and the mode was 512×128. The diametres of macular hole and destroyed IS/OS, and the correlations with visual acuity were detected. Results The mean IogMAR was 0.99±0. 44 (ranged from 0. 15 to 2.00), the mean diameter of macular holes was (942.0± 348. 4)μm(ranged from 171 to 1491 μm), and the mean diameter of IS/OS disruption was (1870. 35±673.2) μm(range from 463 to 3176 μm). There was a significant correlation among the diameter of the macular hole, the diameter of the IS/OS disruption, and IogMAR in IMH (P= 0. 038, 0. 002, 0. 000). In eyes with closed macular hole after surgery, the IogMAR and the diameter of the IS/OS disruption had a significant decrease. Conclusion Using FD-OCT the photoreceptor changes can be visualized in vivo. The abnormality in the IS-OS boundary line appears to be involved for a much larger area beyond the macular hole itself, and persists there with small size even after the maeular hole closure surgery.     

特发性黄斑裂孔的黄斑裂孔直径、被破坏的光感受器细胞内外节直径及其与视力的相关性研究

Objective To observe the diameters of macular hole and destroyed boundary line between inner and outer segment (IS/OS) of the photoreceptors and the correlation with the visual acuity in patients with idiopathic macular hole(IMH). Methods The clinical data of 39 eyes (37 patients) with IMH were retrospective analyzed. All the patients had undergone the examinations of visual acuity (Snellen chart), intra-acular pressure, ocular fundus (indirect ophthalmoscope), and Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) whose speed was 27 000 A scan/s, area was 6.0 mm×6.0 mm, and the mode was 512×128. The diametres of macular hole and destroyed IS/OS, and the correlations with visual acuity were detected. Results The mean IogMAR was 0.99±0. 44 (ranged from 0. 15 to 2.00), the mean diameter of macular holes was (942.0± 348. 4)μm(ranged from 171 to 1491 μm), and the mean diameter of IS/OS disruption was (1870. 35±673.2) μm(range from 463 to 3176 μm). There was a significant correlation among the diameter of the macular hole, the diameter of the IS/OS disruption, and IogMAR in IMH (P= 0. 038, 0. 002, 0. 000). In eyes with closed macular hole after surgery, the IogMAR and the diameter of the IS/OS disruption had a significant decrease. Conclusion Using FD-OCT the photoreceptor changes can be visualized in vivo. The abnormality in the IS-OS boundary line appears to be involved for a much larger area beyond the macular hole itself, and persists there with small size even after the maeular hole closure surgery.     

特发性黄斑裂孔的黄斑裂孔直径、被破坏的光感受器细胞内外节直径及其与视力的相关性研究

Objective To observe the diameters of macular hole and destroyed boundary line between inner and outer segment (IS/OS) of the photoreceptors and the correlation with the visual acuity in patients with idiopathic macular hole(IMH). Methods The clinical data of 39 eyes (37 patients) with IMH were retrospective analyzed. All the patients had undergone the examinations of visual acuity (Snellen chart), intra-acular pressure, ocular fundus (indirect ophthalmoscope), and Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) whose speed was 27 000 A scan/s, area was 6.0 mm×6.0 mm, and the mode was 512×128. The diametres of macular hole and destroyed IS/OS, and the correlations with visual acuity were detected. Results The mean IogMAR was 0.99±0. 44 (ranged from 0. 15 to 2.00), the mean diameter of macular holes was (942.0± 348. 4)μm(ranged from 171 to 1491 μm), and the mean diameter of IS/OS disruption was (1870. 35±673.2) μm(range from 463 to 3176 μm). There was a significant correlation among the diameter of the macular hole, the diameter of the IS/OS disruption, and IogMAR in IMH (P= 0. 038, 0. 002, 0. 000). In eyes with closed macular hole after surgery, the IogMAR and the diameter of the IS/OS disruption had a significant decrease. Conclusion Using FD-OCT the photoreceptor changes can be visualized in vivo. The abnormality in the IS-OS boundary line appears to be involved for a much larger area beyond the macular hole itself, and persists there with small size even after the maeular hole closure surgery.     

特发性黄斑裂孔的黄斑裂孔直径、被破坏的光感受器细胞内外节直径及其与视力的相关性研究

Objective To observe the diameters of macular hole and destroyed boundary line between inner and outer segment (IS/OS) of the photoreceptors and the correlation with the visual acuity in patients with idiopathic macular hole(IMH). Methods The clinical data of 39 eyes (37 patients) with IMH were retrospective analyzed. All the patients had undergone the examinations of visual acuity (Snellen chart), intra-acular pressure, ocular fundus (indirect ophthalmoscope), and Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) whose speed was 27 000 A scan/s, area was 6.0 mm×6.0 mm, and the mode was 512×128. The diametres of macular hole and destroyed IS/OS, and the correlations with visual acuity were detected. Results The mean IogMAR was 0.99±0. 44 (ranged from 0. 15 to 2.00), the mean diameter of macular holes was (942.0± 348. 4)μm(ranged from 171 to 1491 μm), and the mean diameter of IS/OS disruption was (1870. 35±673.2) μm(range from 463 to 3176 μm). There was a significant correlation among the diameter of the macular hole, the diameter of the IS/OS disruption, and IogMAR in IMH (P= 0. 038, 0. 002, 0. 000). In eyes with closed macular hole after surgery, the IogMAR and the diameter of the IS/OS disruption had a significant decrease. Conclusion Using FD-OCT the photoreceptor changes can be visualized in vivo. The abnormality in the IS-OS boundary line appears to be involved for a much larger area beyond the macular hole itself, and persists there with small size even after the maeular hole closure surgery.     

特发性黄斑裂孔的黄斑裂孔直径、被破坏的光感受器细胞内外节直径及其与视力的相关性研究

Objective To observe the diameters of macular hole and destroyed boundary line between inner and outer segment (IS/OS) of the photoreceptors and the correlation with the visual acuity in patients with idiopathic macular hole(IMH). Methods The clinical data of 39 eyes (37 patients) with IMH were retrospective analyzed. All the patients had undergone the examinations of visual acuity (Snellen chart), intra-acular pressure, ocular fundus (indirect ophthalmoscope), and Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) whose speed was 27 000 A scan/s, area was 6.0 mm×6.0 mm, and the mode was 512×128. The diametres of macular hole and destroyed IS/OS, and the correlations with visual acuity were detected. Results The mean IogMAR was 0.99±0. 44 (ranged from 0. 15 to 2.00), the mean diameter of macular holes was (942.0± 348. 4)μm(ranged from 171 to 1491 μm), and the mean diameter of IS/OS disruption was (1870. 35±673.2) μm(range from 463 to 3176 μm). There was a significant correlation among the diameter of the macular hole, the diameter of the IS/OS disruption, and IogMAR in IMH (P= 0. 038, 0. 002, 0. 000). In eyes with closed macular hole after surgery, the IogMAR and the diameter of the IS/OS disruption had a significant decrease. Conclusion Using FD-OCT the photoreceptor changes can be visualized in vivo. The abnormality in the IS-OS boundary line appears to be involved for a much larger area beyond the macular hole itself, and persists there with small size even after the maeular hole closure surgery.     

特发性黄斑裂孔的黄斑裂孔直径、被破坏的光感受器细胞内外节直径及其与视力的相关性研究

Objective To observe the diameters of macular hole and destroyed boundary line between inner and outer segment (IS/OS) of the photoreceptors and the correlation with the visual acuity in patients with idiopathic macular hole(IMH). Methods The clinical data of 39 eyes (37 patients) with IMH were retrospective analyzed. All the patients had undergone the examinations of visual acuity (Snellen chart), intra-acular pressure, ocular fundus (indirect ophthalmoscope), and Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) whose speed was 27 000 A scan/s, area was 6.0 mm×6.0 mm, and the mode was 512×128. The diametres of macular hole and destroyed IS/OS, and the correlations with visual acuity were detected. Results The mean IogMAR was 0.99±0. 44 (ranged from 0. 15 to 2.00), the mean diameter of macular holes was (942.0± 348. 4)μm(ranged from 171 to 1491 μm), and the mean diameter of IS/OS disruption was (1870. 35±673.2) μm(range from 463 to 3176 μm). There was a significant correlation among the diameter of the macular hole, the diameter of the IS/OS disruption, and IogMAR in IMH (P= 0. 038, 0. 002, 0. 000). In eyes with closed macular hole after surgery, the IogMAR and the diameter of the IS/OS disruption had a significant decrease. Conclusion Using FD-OCT the photoreceptor changes can be visualized in vivo. The abnormality in the IS-OS boundary line appears to be involved for a much larger area beyond the macular hole itself, and persists there with small size even after the maeular hole closure surgery.     

特发性黄斑裂孔的黄斑裂孔直径、被破坏的光感受器细胞内外节直径及其与视力的相关性研究

Objective To observe the diameters of macular hole and destroyed boundary line between inner and outer segment (IS/OS) of the photoreceptors and the correlation with the visual acuity in patients with idiopathic macular hole(IMH). Methods The clinical data of 39 eyes (37 patients) with IMH were retrospective analyzed. All the patients had undergone the examinations of visual acuity (Snellen chart), intra-acular pressure, ocular fundus (indirect ophthalmoscope), and Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) whose speed was 27 000 A scan/s, area was 6.0 mm×6.0 mm, and the mode was 512×128. The diametres of macular hole and destroyed IS/OS, and the correlations with visual acuity were detected. Results The mean IogMAR was 0.99±0. 44 (ranged from 0. 15 to 2.00), the mean diameter of macular holes was (942.0± 348. 4)μm(ranged from 171 to 1491 μm), and the mean diameter of IS/OS disruption was (1870. 35±673.2) μm(range from 463 to 3176 μm). There was a significant correlation among the diameter of the macular hole, the diameter of the IS/OS disruption, and IogMAR in IMH (P= 0. 038, 0. 002, 0. 000). In eyes with closed macular hole after surgery, the IogMAR and the diameter of the IS/OS disruption had a significant decrease. Conclusion Using FD-OCT the photoreceptor changes can be visualized in vivo. The abnormality in the IS-OS boundary line appears to be involved for a much larger area beyond the macular hole itself, and persists there with small size even after the maeular hole closure surgery.     

频域相干光断层扫描观察特发性黄斑裂孔患者手术前后光感受器细胞层改变

目的 探讨特发性黄斑裂孔患者手术前后光感受器细胞层内外节的改变特征.方法 回顾性病例系列研究.收集32例(32只眼)确诊并接受手术治疗的特发性黄斑裂孔患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,同时对其手术前后的高分辨率频域相干光断层扫描(OCT)图像进行对比研究.患者手术前与后logMAR视力和光感受器细胞层内外节被破坏区域直径比...     

玻璃体切割联合内界膜移植术治疗大直径特发性黄斑裂孔的疗效评估

背景 大直径特发性黄斑裂孔(IMH)严重损害患眼视力,手术难度较大,如何选择和优化手术方法仍是研究热点. 目的 探讨游离内界膜移植术治疗大直径IMH的有效性和安全性.方法 采用前瞻性系列病例观察研究方法,于2013年1月至2015年11月纳入在河北医科大学第二医院就诊的大直径IMH患者[平均直径为(814.31±112.95)μm]42例42眼.所有患眼均施行玻璃体切割联合游离内界膜移植+体积分数12％C3F8填充术.分别于术前及术后1、3、6、12个月对患者进行最佳矫正视力(BCVA) (LogMAR)、裂隙灯显微镜检查和双目间接检眼镜检查,并采用频域光相干断层扫描(SD-OCT)仪检查手术前后黄斑中心区视网膜变化,评估裂孔闭合率,评估和比较手术前后患眼BCVA、光感受器内段/外段(IS/OS)缺损范围、外界膜缺损范围和中心凹视网膜厚度的变化. 结果 术后12个月患者黄斑裂孔闭合率为97.6％ (41/44).术后1、3、6和12个月患者BCVA较术前均明显改善,手术前后不同时间点BCVA总体比较差异有统计学意义(F=28.032,P＜0.001);术眼术前及术后1、3、6和12个月IS/OS缺损范围分别为(1 112.00±45.44)、(859.00±84.55)、(649.00±52.47)、(486.00±46.88)和(320.00±45.13) μm,总体比较差异有统计学意义(F=38.761,P＜0.001),其中术后1、3、6和12个月术眼IS/OS缺损范围较术前均明显减小,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05);术眼术前和术后1、3、6和12个月外界膜平均缺损范围分别为(1 038.00±39.63)、(748.00±64.12)、(585.00±48.88)、(438.00±42.84)和(265.00±28.97) μm,总体比较差异有统计学意义(F=36.459,P＜0.001),术后1、3、6和12个月外界膜缺损范围较术前均明显减小,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05).术后1个月黄斑中心凹厚度值大于术后3、6、12个月,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05).术后3个月OCT显示黄斑裂孔底部高反射信号物质消失,即移植的游离内界膜分解代谢. 结论玻璃体切割联合游离内界膜移植术治疗大直径IMH是安全、有效的,移植的游离内界膜仅作为临时性胶质细胞增生支架,不会形成永久性瘢痕.     

保留黄斑中心凹的内界膜剥除术联合空气填充治疗中等直径特发性黄斑裂孔

目的　观察保留黄斑中心凹内界膜剥除术联合空气填充治疗直径为250~400 μm的特发性黄斑裂孔（idiopathic macular hole，IMH）临床疗效。方法　收集2014年1月至2016年1月确诊为Ⅳ期IMH经光学相干断层扫描（optical coherence tomography，OCT)测量裂孔最小直径为250~400 μm的患者45例45眼，随机分为常规内界膜剥除组（常规组）22眼及保留中心凹内界膜剥除组（保留组）23眼。所有患者均行23G玻璃体切割术，常规组剥除后极部包括黄斑区内界膜至血管弓，保留组则保留以黄斑中心凹为圆心300~400 μm直径的内界膜，全气-液交换后无菌空气填充。手术后随访时间为（21.52±5.68）个月，观察术后两组黄斑裂孔闭合及最佳矫正视力（best corrected visual acuity，BCVA）情况。结果　常规组与保留组患者术前黄斑裂孔直径分别为（337.77±34.54）μm和（324.87±31.95）μm；黄斑裂孔指数分别为0.53±0.09和0.51±0.08，BCVA LogMAR分别为0.95±0.20、1.30±0.26，两组间比较，差异均无统计学意义（均为P>0.05）。末次随访时，常规组与保留组黄斑裂孔闭合率分别为95.45%和100.00%，差异无统计学意义（P=0.489）。常规组、保留组患眼BCVA LogMAR分别为0.72±0.15、0.49±0.11，均低于术前，差异均有统计学意义（均为P<0.05）；保留组患眼BCVA LogMAR低于常规组，差异有统计学意义（t=-5.849，P<0.001）。结论　常规内界膜剥除术与保留黄斑中心凹的内界膜剥除联合空气填充对于治疗直径为250~400 μm Ⅳ期IMH成功率较高，行保留黄斑中心凹内界膜的剥除术患者术后视力改善情况要好于常规内界膜剥除术。     

特发性黄斑裂孔手术治疗后视物变形度的评估

目的 观察特发性黄斑裂孔(IMH)成功手术治疗后视物变形改善,分析手术后视物变形度与手术前黄斑裂孔指数(MHI)、黄斑裂孔预后因数(HPF)以及手术后视力之间是否关联.方法 30例经玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥离手术治疗后光相干断层扫描(OCT)检查证实黄斑裂孔闭合且随访时间≥6个月的IMH患者的60只眼纳入研究.患者均为单眼发病,对侧眼裸眼视力大于20/25且无视物变形.手术前后均进行最佳矫正视力(BCVA)检查,并通过OCT及视物变形表(M-Chart表)进行黄斑裂孔及黄斑区视网膜形态、视物变形度检查.测量患眼垂直变形度(MV)与水平变形度(MH),以及手术前黄斑裂孔基底直径、黄斑裂孔最窄直径、裂孔边缘高度,计算裂孔边缘高度与基底直径比,即MHI和裂孔边缘高度与最窄直径比,即HPF.M-chart值为MV和MH的平均值.手术前患眼MV和MH平均值分别为(1.82±0.04).和(1.81±0.04)..采用SPSS 16.0统计分析软件对数据进行分析.结果 手术后6个月随访时患眼MV与MH分别为(0.17±0.03).和(0.11±0.03).,与手术前比较,差异有统计学意义(Z=-0.788,P＜0.05).手术后M-chart值与手术后最小视角对数(logMAR)BCVA正相关(r=0.504,P=0.004),与MHI、HPF负相关(r=-0.676,-0.518,P值均＜0.05).结论 成功的玻璃体切除联合内界膜剥离手术可明显改善IMH患者的视物变形,手术后视物变形度与手术前黄斑裂孔形态、手术后视力相关.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate quantification of metamorphopsia in eyes with idiopathic macular hole (IMH) before and after surgical treatment, and investigate its relationship between postoperative visual acuity, the macular hole index (MHI), and the macular hole prognostic factor (HPF). Methods Thirty eyes of 30 patients, who underwent successful vitrectomy and internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling for IMH and were followed up more than 6 months, were included in the study. The uncorrected visual acuity of the fellow eyes was better than 20/25 and there was no metamorphopsia in that eye. The macular hole closure was confirmed by optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans. Metamorphopsia was evaluated by metamorphopsia-charts (M-chart). OCT, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and metamorphopsia were obtained before and after surgery. Vertical (MV) and horizontal (MH) metamorphopsia, macular hole index (MHI, the ratio of the height to the diameter of the base) , and macular hole prognostic factor (HPF,the ratio of the height to the minimum diameter) were measured. The metamorphopsia score was the average value of MV and MH. SPSS 16. 0 statistical analysis software was used for data analysis. Results Preoperative MV and MH were (1.82±0.04)° and (1.81±0.04)°, respectively. Six months after surgery,the MV and MH were (0.17±0.03)° and (0.11±0.03)° respectively. There was significant difference between pre- and post-operative metamorphopsia results (Z=-0.788, P＜0.05). The metamorphopsia score at 6 months after surgery were positively correlated with the value of the postoperative BCVA (LogMAR) (r=0.540, P=0.004) and negatively correlated with the values of preoperative MHI and HPF (r=-0.676,-0.518; P＜0.05). Conclusions Successful vitrectomy and ILM peeling can improve metamorphopsia of IMH. Postoperative metamorphopsia was correlated with the postoperative BCVA and the preoperative macular hole contour.     

黄斑裂孔指数与特发性黄斑裂孔手术视力预后的相关性分析

目的 评价黄斑裂孔指数(MHI)与特发性黄斑裂孔(IMH)视网膜内界膜剥离手术后视力预后的相关性.方法 30例接受玻璃体切割联合视网膜内界膜剥离手术治疗的IMH患者的30只眼纳入研究.患者均进行最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、裂隙灯显微镜、间接检眼镜及光相干断层扫描(OCT)检查确诊.OCT测量视网膜中心厚度,黄斑裂孔底径和高,计算黄斑裂孔高与底径比值,即MHI,并根据MHI大小将患者分为MHI≥0.5组和MHI＜0.5组.手术后随访3～24个月,平均随访时间10个月.将手术后BCVA与患者年龄、病程、MHI及手术前BCVA进行斯珀曼(Spearman)相关性分析,对MHI≥0.5组和MHI＜0.5组手术后BCVA差异进行独立样本设计定量资料t检验.结果 手术后30只眼黄斑裂孔闭合,闭合率为100%.患者手术后BCVA与MHI之间有相关性(r=0.852,P＜0.001),与年龄、病程等变量无相关性(r年龄=0.001,P=0.804;r病程=-0.001,P=0.579).MHI≥0.5组手术后视力好于MHI＜0.5组(t=5.552,P＜0.001).结论 MHI与IMH患者视网膜内界膜剥离手术后视力存在相关性,可作为其手术后视力的预测指标之一.     

Disruption of the photoreceptor inner segment-outer segment junction in eyes with macular holes

PURPOSE: To examine the relationship between visual acuity and morphologic characteristics of macular holes as determined using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT). METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed of eyes with open and closed macular holes at a single, referral-based retina practice. The main outcome measures included best-corrected Snellen visual acuity and SD OCT findings, including the size of the macular hole and the disruption of the junction between inner segments (ISs) and outer segments (OSs) of the photoreceptors. RESULTS: The mean visual acuity for eyes with open (n = 24) and closed (n = 17) macular holes was 20/166 (range, 5/400 to 20/40) and 20/39 (range, 20/80 to 20/25), respectively. The mean macular hole diameter was 859 microm. A disruption of the IS-OS junction was observed in all eyes, and this disruption had a mean diameter of 1,947 microm in eyes with an open macular hole and 626 microm in those with a closed macular hole. There was a negative correlation between both the size of the macular hole (P < 0.001) and the IS-OS disruption (P = 0.01) and visual acuity in eyes with open macular holes. In eyes with closed macular hole, the size of the IS-OS disruption was not correlated with visual acuity (P = 0.82). CONCLUSIONS: The photoreceptor layer appears to be involved for a much larger area than that occupied by the macular hole itself. The abnormality in the IS-OS boundary line may reflect perturbation of a higher level of retinal organization and not an absolute loss of photoreceptor OSs.     

特发性黄斑裂孔术中填充物的探讨

目的:探讨如何选择特发性黄斑裂孔术中的填充物.方法:回顾性分析特发性黄斑裂孔手术患者46例46眼的临床资料.A组(23眼)行经睫状体平坦部的三切口玻璃体切除+内界膜剥除+硅油注入术,B组(23眼)行经睫状体平坦部的三切口玻璃体切除+内界膜剥除+C2F6(20％)注入术,术前应用频域光学相干断层扫描及其深度增强成像技术(EDI-OCT)测量黄斑中心凹下脉络膜厚度(subfoveal choroidal thickness,SFCT)以明确分组.对手术前后最佳矫正视力(best corrected visual acuity,BCVA)、裂孔闭合率、IS/OS破坏直径及手术并发症等进行临床观察.结果:术后随访至少12mo.随访期末A组术后BCVA与术前相比,差异有统计学意义(t=7.659,P＜0.05).B组术后BCVA与术前相比,差异有统计学意义(t=11.648,P＜0.05).A组裂孔闭合率100％,B组裂孔闭合率为95.2％.A组术后IS/OS破坏直径与术前相比差异有统计学意义(t=12.252,P＜0.05),B组术后IS/OS破坏直径与术前相比差异有统计学意义(t=13.257,P＜0.05).并发症:A组术后4眼发生高眼压,B组术后1眼裂孔未闭合继发视网膜脱离,再次行硅油注入术后裂孔闭合.B组术后2眼出现玻璃体积血,1眼吸收,1眼再次行玻璃体腔灌洗术.结论:两种手术方式均可有效治疗特发性黄斑裂孔.A组手术方式可以更持久顶压黄斑区视网膜,利于黄斑裂孔闭合,但是需俯卧较长时间及再次手术取出硅油,增加患者身心和经济负担.B组手术方式无需再次手术取出填充物,但是存在黄斑裂孔不闭合需再次手术的风险.我们将黄斑中心凹下脉络膜厚度作为术前合理选择手术方案的标准,为患者提供个性化的治疗方案.     

Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography images of inner/outer segment junctions and macular hole surgery outcomes

Background  To evaluate the ability of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) images of the inner/outer segment (IS/OS) junction to predict macular hole surgery outcomes. Methods  Fifty-four eyes in 53 patients with idiopathic macular holes were studied. Postoperative visual acuity and SD-OCT images of the fovea were examined before and 12 months after surgery. The total area and the maximum length of the IS/OS junction defect were measured. Results  The macular holes were successfully closed in all the eyes included in this series. The mean logMAR visual acuity improved significantly from 0.67 ± 0.25 preoperatively to 0.16 ± 0.22 postoperatively (p < 0.001). The mean total area and maximum length of the IS/OS junction defect at 12 months after surgery were 10,185 ± 1,537 μm² and 100.5 ± 10.4 μm respectively; these values were significantly negatively correlated with the postoperative visual acuity. Conclusion  SD-OCT is useful for quantitatively measuring IS/OS junction defects. The postoperative IS/OS junction may play an important role in visual recovery after macular hole surgery. Financial support None. The authors have no proprietary interest in the material used in this study.     

玻璃体切割联合玻璃酸钠凝胶辅助内界膜翻转填塞术治疗大孔径特发性黄斑裂孔

目的探讨玻璃体切割联合玻璃酸钠凝胶辅助内界膜翻转填塞术治疗大孔径特发性黄斑裂孔的疗效。方法回顾性分析2017年3月至2019年12月在我院行玻璃体切割术治疗的大孔径(最小直径>400μm)特发性黄斑裂孔患者68例,其中40例联合内界膜翻转填塞治疗(传统术式组),28例联合玻璃酸钠凝胶辅助内界膜翻转填塞治疗(改良术式组)。比较两组患者术前及术后最佳矫正视力及裂孔闭合率。结果传统术式组术后6个月视力(0.842±0.340)logMAR较术前(1.160±0.310)logMAR明显改善(P<0.05),改良术式组术后6个月视力(0.825±0.288)logMAR较术前(1.204±0.334)logMAR也明显改善(P<0.05),但两组患者术后视力改善程度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。改良术式组术后裂孔闭合率(100.00%)高于传统术式组(77.50%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且随着裂孔直径的增大,传统术式组术后裂孔闭合率逐渐降低。超大孔径特发性黄斑裂孔(裂孔直径>700μm)分组中,传统术式组和改良术式组患者术后裂孔闭合率分别为...