多囊卵巢综合征与胰岛素功能、性激素水平相关性研究

多囊卵巢综合征（Polycystic ovarian syndrome,PCOS）是一种好发于青春期和育龄期的内分泌疾病,发病率为5%-10%[1],主要以长期不排卵或排卵稀发、高雄激素血症及卵巢多囊增大为临床特征.大量研究表明PCOS患者大多存在高胰岛素血症（Hyperinsulinemia,HI）、胰岛素抵抗（Insulin resistance,IR）、高雄激素血症（Hyperandrogenism,HA）、高黄体生成素（Luteinizing hormone,LH）代谢紊乱征象[2].本文通过观察PCOS患者体内性激素及胰岛素水平变化,分析体内内分泌代谢的异常,探讨胰岛素抵抗对于PCOS患者体内性激素水平的相关性,进而探讨胰岛素抵抗在PCOS的发病中起的作用.……     

未经治疗的多囊卵巢综合征着床窗口期子宫内膜甾体激素受体及整合素αV、β3的表达

目的:探讨多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)自发排卵患者着床窗口期子宫内膜甾体激素受体及整合素仅αV、β3的表达.方法:选取有自发排卵的PCOS惠者8例(PCOS组)和输卵管性不孕者15例(对照组),均于排卵后第7天刮取子宫内膜,采用免疫组化方法测定雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)、雄激素受体(AR)及整合素αV、β3的表达.结果:PCOS组子宫内膜间质和腺体上ER、PR、AR表达均明显高于对照组,而整合素αV、β3的表达较对照组明显降低.结论:PCOS 有自发排卵者的内膜容受性较正常自然周期差,子宫内膜容受性降低是PCOS患者不孕的原因之一.     

多囊卵巢综合征治疗的最新进展

多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）是育龄妇女无排卵的最常见病因,以排卵障碍、高雄激素血症、高胰岛素血症及胰岛素抵抗为其重要特征。PCOS常伴有肥胖、代谢综合症和胰岛素抵抗。作者对PCOS的一般治疗、药物治疗,特别是对近年来新兴的促排卵治疗、高雄激素治疗、胰岛素抵抗治疗、手术及中药治疗等多种治疗方法进行综述。     

六味地黄丸联合达英-35对多囊卵巢综合征胰岛素抵抗患者干预的临床研究

多囊卵巢综合征（polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS）是生育年龄妇女常见的内分泌和代谢性疾病,以慢性无排卵、多毛、肥胖和不孕等为临床特征,其病理生理学基础主要是高雄激素血症（hyperandrogenemia,HA）、高胰岛素血症（hyperinsulinism,HI）及胰岛素抵抗（insulin resistence,IR）,     

RBP4、雄激素与多囊卵巢综合征的相关性分析

多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）是一种发病多因性,临床表现多态性的内分泌综合征,以雄激素过多和持续无排卵为主要特征,是导致生育期妇女月经紊乱最常见的原因之一。PCOS发病机制至今尚未阐明,但近年有研究认为高雄激素血症与高胰岛素血症相关。     

多囊卵巢综合征患者内分泌激素与胰岛素抵抗和非胰岛素抵抗的关系探讨

多囊卵巢综合征（polycysti covarian syndrome,PCOS）是生殖障碍与内分泌异常并存的一种特殊疾病,围不孕症妇女排卵功能障碍的首要原因,持续的高黄体生成素（LH）及高雄激素血症（HA）与有无胰岛素抵抗关系密切,为进一步探讨内分泌激素与胰岛素抵抗（IR）和非胰岛素抵抗（non-IR）关系,笔者对PCOS患者的内分泌激素、体重指数（BMI）、75g-口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）进行比较分析。     

多囊卵巢综合征不孕症的药物治疗

多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS)是女性生殖内分泌疾病,同时存在代谢障碍.对PCOS不孕症患者应改善其高雄激素血症状态,合并胰岛素抵抗者给予胰岛素增敏剂治疗.PCOS中诱导排卵的一线药物是氯米芬.该文就PCOS的药物治疗作一介绍,以供临床参考.     

miR-9的靶蛋白在多囊卵巢综合征患者卵巢组织中的研究进展

多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)是育龄女性最常见的一种生殖内分泌疾病,目前全世界育龄期女性的发病率占到4%~10%。PCOS具有异质性,其病理改变十分复杂,包括窦状卵泡发育异常、颗粒细胞增生凋亡、卵泡膜细胞过度增生、高雄激素血症及慢性排卵障碍等。至今具体发病机制尚未阐明,多基因异常和环境改变被认为是PCOS发病机制的两个重要因素。近年研究发现,微小核糖核酸(miRNA)异常表达与氧化应激、胰岛素抵抗、高雄激素血症、炎症以及各种癌症形成有关。研究显示,微小核糖核酸-9(miR-9)在PCOS患者卵泡液及卵巢颗粒细胞中的表达水平较健康妇女明显升高,考虑可能与PCOS的发病机制有关。通过KEGG database pathway及Target Scan等软件进行生物信息学分析结果提示miR-9主要的靶蛋白有核因子κB亚基1(NF-κB1)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶14(MAPK14)、胰岛素受体底物2(IRS2)等。文本将对miR-9的靶蛋白在PCOS患者卵巢组织中的表达研究进展进行综述。     

青春期多囊卵巢综合征41例的临床分析

目的探讨青春期多囊卵巢综合征的临床和内分泌特征，寻求早期诊断和治疗青春期多囊卵巢综合征的证据。方法回顾41例青春期多囊卵巢综合症的临床资料，总结分析其临床特征及内分泌特征。结果青春期多囊卵巢综合征以月经稀发、闭经、高雄激素血症、黄体生成素（LH）升高及LH／卵泡刺激素（FSH）增大为主要特点。结论月经稀发、闭经、高雄激素血症及多囊卵巢是诊断青春期多囊卵巢综合征的主要依据，LH升高，LH／FSH增大是其重要的内分泌特征，降低血清T、LH水平可发展有规律的排卵功能。     

不同表型多囊卵巢综合征患者的代谢特征

目的 通过比较不同表型多囊卵巢综合征患者的代谢特征,寻找多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者临床特点与代谢综合征及心血管疾病风险独立预测因子血脂、C-反应蛋白(CRP)之间的关系.方法 依据2003年鹿特丹会议制定的诊断标准选择PCOS 患者48例,依据患者的不同表型分为三组:高雄激素无排卵型、高雄激素有排卵型、非高雄激素无排卵型.比较不同表型多囊卵巢综合征患者胰岛素抵抗指数、肥胖发生率及血脂、CRP的差异.结果 高雄激素无排卵型多囊卵巢综合征患者胰岛素抵抗率及肥胖发生率明显高于高雄激素有排卵型及非高雄激素无排卵型,差异均有统计学意义(χ2分别=4.49、3.88、5.34、6.44,P 均＜0.05);高雄激素无排卵型多囊卵巢综合征患者血清甘油三脂水平、低密度脂蛋白水平明显高于高雄激素有排卵型及非高雄激素无排卵型,差异均有统计学意义(t分别=2.17、2.39、2.23、2.13,P均＜0.05).高雄激素无排卵型多囊卵巢综合征患者血清C-反应蛋白水平明显高于高雄激素有排卵型,差异有统计学意义(t=2.30,P＜0.05).结论高雄激素无排卵型的PCOS患者将来更易发生代谢综合征,可能更易患心血管疾病.     

Polycystic ovary syndrome: pathogenesis and treatment over the short and long term

Although polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with hyperandrogenism and infertility early in life, it is a harbinger of a lifelong condition that can lead to serious sequelae such as endometrial or ovarian cancer, diabetes mellitus, and coronary artery disease. We review the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of this condition.     

Polycystic ovary syndrome: implications for the advanced practice nurse in primary care

PURPOSE: To discuss the diagnosis and management of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) by the advanced practice nurse in primary care. DATA SOURCES: Selected research and clinical articles. CONCLUSIONS: The disorder is an endocrinopathy characterized by chronic anovulation, resulting in multiple ovarian cysts. Recent research suggests a genetic etiology and a close association with obesity. Patients often present with hyperandrogenism, irregular menses, and infertility. Management is directed at the alleviation of individual symptoms. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: If left untreated, cardiovascular disease, abnormal insulin metabolism, and ovarian and endometrial cancers may develop.     

多囊卵巢综合征伴不孕患者促排卵治疗前后子宫及卵巢动脉血流动力学的研究

目的　探讨多囊卵巢综合征 (PCOS)伴不孕患者促排卵治疗前后子宫、卵巢、子宫内膜螺旋动脉血流阻力 (RI)、子宫内膜厚度不同的变化规律及评价药物治疗不孕症的意义。方法　应用经阴道超声监测 68例PCOS伴不孕患者经克罗米酚 人绝经期促性腺激素 人绒毛膜促性腺激素 (HCG)治疗前后各项参数。结果　促排卵治疗前各项参数无周期性变化 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,治疗后促排卵成功者各项参数均显著低于促排卵失败者 ,且黄体期RI均显著低于注射HCG日 ( P <0 .0 5 )。治疗后妊娠组与未妊娠组在黄体中期子宫内膜螺旋动脉RI、子宫内膜厚度差异具有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　PCOS伴不孕者子宫、卵巢、子宫内膜螺旋动脉供血存在异常 ,血供状态与其功能状态密切相关。子宫内膜螺旋动脉血流参数 ,可作为评估子宫内膜容受性的指标。     

Troglitazone for treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) is characterized by clinical symptoms such as menstrual dysfunction, unovulatory infertility, masculinization, obesity, polycystic ovary by ultrasound, and endocrine abnormalities such as hyperandrogenism, and elevated LH to FSH ratio. Recent reports suggest that insulin resistance plays an important role in the pathogenesis of PCOS, and several insulin sensitizing agents have been used for the treatment of PCOS. Troglitazone, one of the thiazolidinediones, improves not only insulin sensitivity but also hyperandrogenism and ovulatory function. Troglitazone appears to be useful in treating women with PCOS. Further investigations are needed to assess the effectiveness and safety.     

克罗米芬联合人绒毛膜促性腺激素对多囊卵巢综合征不孕患者促排卵的临床效果观察

目的探讨克罗米芬联合人绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)对多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)不孕患者促排卵的临床效果。方法选取62例PCOS所致不孕女性,随机分成对照组与观察组各31例。对照组予单纯克罗米芬治疗,观察组在此基础上再予HCG治疗。检测治疗前后血清生殖内分泌激素水平,评估子宫内膜容受性,观察并记录排卵、妊娠等结局指标,比较治疗效果。结果与治疗前比较,2组T、LH水平均显著降低(P0.05),FSH、E_2水平无显著变化(P0.05),子宫内膜螺旋动脉PI、RI均显著升高(P0.01),子宫内膜厚度显著增厚(P0.01);与对照组比较,观察组T、LH水平均显著较低(P0.05),子宫内膜螺旋动脉PI、RI均显著较高(P0.01),子宫内膜厚度显著较厚(P0.01),排卵率、卵泡生长速率以及临床妊娠率均显著较高(P0.05),早期流产率显著较低(P0.05),临床总有效率显著较高(P0.05)。结论克罗米芬联合HCG治疗PCOS所致不孕症效果优于单用克罗米芬。     

多囊卵巢综合征生酮饮食治疗临床路径

多囊卵巢综合征(PCOs)是常见的妇科内分泌疾病,以高雄激素表现、持续无排卵、卵巢多囊样改变为特征,易导致育龄妇女不孕.PCOS病因尚不清楚,肥胖等代谢相关性疾病与PCOS关系密切.生活方式干预是PCOS的首选基础治疗,减重是有效的治疗措施.与传统饮食相比,生酮饮食能够较快降低体质量.基于《生酮饮食干预多囊卵巢综合征中...     

Polycystic ovary (Stein-Leventhal) syndrome: etiology, complications, and treatment.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) occurs in approximately 3% to 5% of the female population and may be the leading cause of infertility in those of reproductive age. PCOS presents clinically with a variety of signs and symptoms; the most common being menstrual irregularities, hyperandrogenism, infertility, and obesity. The true pathophysiology has not been clearly elucidated; however, there is growing agreement that gonadotropin dynamic dysfunction, hyperandrogenism, and insulin resistance are key features. The diagnosing of PCOS involves radiologic and laboratory studies. Radiologic studies typically include pelvic ultrasound; laboratory data should be obtained regarding pertinent gonadotropins and other hormone levels. PCOS is not a benign condition. It may lead to complications involving glucose metabolism, dyslipidemias, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. The goals of treatment should focus on restoring menstrual regularity, decreasing androgen excesses, and decreasing insulin resistance.     

Clinical Implications of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Adolescents

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy, affecting as many as 5% to 20% of women of reproductive age, depending on the diagnostic criteria applied. Features of PCOS include physiologic anovulation, hyperandrogenism, elevated luteinizing hormone, and increased gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulse frequency, which often manifest physically as acne and hirsutism. The clinical presentation of PCOS often mimics normal pubertal physiologic development, which may delay diagnosis and treatment of the condition in adolescent girls. A diagnosis of PCOS has life-long implications and is associated with increased risk for infertility, obesity, Type 2 diabetes, endometrial hyperplasia, uterine carcinoma, metabolic disorder, and cardiovascular disease. In this article, we provide an overview of clinical presentation, diagnostic criteria, health consequences, and current evidence-based clinical guidelines for the appropriate diagnosis and management of PCOS in adolescents.     

Polycystic ovary syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder characterized by chronic unovulation, hyperandrogenism and polycystic change in ovary. Hyperinsulinemia is so often accompanied with PCOS that insulin resistance may play important roles in pathogenesis of PCOS. Recent studies reported the effectiveness of insulin-sensitizing drugs on treatment of patients with PCOS. Thiazolidinedione, an agonist of PPARgamma receptor, improves not only insulin sensitivity but also hyperandrogenism and ovulatory dysfunction in patients with PCOS. Insulin-sensitizing drugs such as thiazolidinediones are expected to be a novel therapy for PCOS, although further studies on the effectiveness and safety should be required.     

多囊卵巢综合征患者的超声特征及其与内分泌指标间相关性分析

目的:比较多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS)伴与不伴高雄激素血症的患者超声特征及内分泌指标差异,并分析其间的相关性。方法:以睾酮≥1.08 ng/mL或游离睾酮≥3.18 pg/mL为标准,将126例PCOS患者分为PCOS伴高雄激素血症(hyperandrogenism,HA)(PCOS/HA组,34例)与PCOS不伴高雄激素(PCOS/NHA组,92例)。采用腔内超声检查测量并比较2组患者卵巢、子宫的灰阶及彩色多普勒二维超声参数;同时检测并比较2组患者的内分泌代谢指标,分析各超声参数与各内分泌代谢指标间的相关性。结果:PCOS/HA组患者的年龄明显小于PCOS/NHA组(P<0.01);其卵巢体积、子宫动脉阻力指数与其体质量指数呈正相关(r分别为0.64、0.57,P分别<0.01、<0.05);其卵巢间质动脉阻力指数则与体质量指数、性激素结合球蛋白、胰岛素抵抗指数、空腹血浆胰岛素水平相关(r分别为-0.46、0.55、-0.55、-0.57,P均