鞍钢工人的肿瘤危险度——肺癌病例-对照研究

对鞍钢男工中６１０例肺癌新发病例及９５９例对照进行了访问调查。经吸烟、其他肺疾患、家族肿瘤史、食用水果等非职业因素调整后，岗位工龄等于或超过１５年的下列工人的肺癌危险度显著增高：冶炼工和轧钢工（ＱＲ＝１．５，９５％ＣＩ＝１．１～２．２），耐火砖厂工（ＯＲ＝２．９，９５％ＣＩ＝１．４～５．９），装卸工（ＯＲ＝２．５，９５％ＣＩ＝１．０～６．１），焦炉工（ＯＲ＝３．４，９５％ＣＩ＝１．４～８．５）。各种粉尘和Ｂ［ａ］Ｐ暴露与肺癌危险性呈显著的剂量－反应关系，但与粉尘的特殊成分未见此种关联。长期暴露于污染物的钢铁工人的肺癌的危险度增加４０％。     

输血后丙型肝炎前瞻性研究

在开展筛查丙型肝炎抗体（抗－ＨＣＶ）之前，在河北省甲、乙两地前瞻性调查了输血后丙型肝炎（ＰＴＨＣ）。甲地献血员在献血前筛查ＨＢｓＡｇ和ＡＬＴ，观察了６４名受血者；乙地献血员献血前不筛查任何指标，观察了９０名受血者。ＰＴＨＣ发生率，甲地为２１．９％，乙地为４４．４％；输血后抗－ＨＣＶ阳转率分别为１８．８％和４５．６％；输入抗－ＨＣＶ阳性血发病率甲地为５５．６％，乙地为８３．３％；输入抗－ＨＣＶ阴性血发病率甲地为７．３％，乙地为４．２％。ＡＬＴ首次异常距输血时间甲地为５１．９±２０．９天，乙地为４８．２±１６．８天；抗－ＨＣＶ阳转距输血时间甲地为４２．４±１５． ９天，乙地为３８． ４±１１．８天。对ＰＴＨＣ病例随访 ５年，临床痊愈率，病后１、２、３、４、５年分别为４５．８％、５１．７％、５５．９％、６２．１％和７４．５％；ＡＬＴ异常率各为４０．７％、４４．８％、３２．２％、１５．５％和１２．８％；抗－ＨＣＶ阳性率各为９８．３％、９４．８％、７９．７％、７２．４％和７５．５％；ＨＣＶ ＲＮＡ阳性率各为７３．９％、６９．６％、５８．８％、缺和４１．２％。这些结果表明抗－ＨＣＶ阳性血有强传染性．抗－ＨＣＶ和ＨＣＶＲＮＡ?     

低危人群中乳腺癌与人工流产相关关系的研究

探讨人工流产与乳腺癌发病危险性之间的关系。方法研究对象为经产妇。资料以条件Ｌｏｇｉｓ－ｔｉｃ回归模型分析。教育程度，以及初产年龄，采用过人工流产的妇女患乳腺癌的危险性比对照高２．９（ＲＲ＝２．９）倍，９５％ＣＩ为１．４－４．４（９５％ＣＩ＝１．４－４．４）。而在低于３５岁的妇女中，其相对危险度为４．５，９５％ＣＩ为１．９－１０．７（ＲＲ＝４．５，９５％ＣＩ＝１．９－１０．７），高于３５岁的妇女中，     

吸烟,饮酒及高血压与脑出血的关系

采用以医院为基础的配比病例对照研究方法，探讨了吸烟、饮酒及高血压与脑出血的关系。结果表明，吸烟、饮酒及高血压与脑出血联系的ＯＲ（９５％ＣＩ）分别为２．００（１．１８～３．３８）、２．３５（１．３６～４．０７）和１２．７１（７．０１～２３．０５）；吸烟或饮酒与高血压在脑出血发病过程中均呈协同作用；脑出血归因于吸烟、饮酒及高血压的人群归因危险度（９５％ＣＩ）分别为２６．２％（９．４％～４３．１％）、２５．４％（１１．５％～３９．２％）和６９．９％（６０．３％～７９．５％）。     

接触丙烯腈男工的生殖结局流行病学调查

采用回顾性队列研究的方法，对５３４名接触丙烯腈的男工进行了职业生殖流行病学调查。结果发现，男工接触丙烯腈明显增加了妻子的异常妊娠结局的发生率。经分层分析表明，接触组妻子的死胎死产、新生儿出生缺陷和自然流产的相对危险度可分别高达４．７３（９５％ｃｌ：１．３５～１６．５３）、３．８９（９５％ＣＩ：１．３２～１１．５１）和２．４６（９５％ＣＩ：１．２３～４．９０），统计学差异显著。其他异常生殖指标及孕期合并症，接触组与对照组间未见显著差异。     

规范化甲肝减毒活疫苗（LA—1株）大规模免疫近期效果观察

为研究国产规范化甲肝减毒活疫苗（ＬＡ－１株）大规模免疫的安个性、免疫原性和保护效果,对广西８个县（市）１．５～１０岁儿童１７１６３４人随机分成疫苗接种组（９７２７８人）和对照组（７４３５６人）。疫苗组接种１针国产甲肝减毒活疫苗（ＬＡ－１株）,滴度１０６．７５ＴＣＩＤ５０）。结果甲肝疫苗接种者均无局部和全身不良反应。免前阴性的疫苗组儿童于免后３、６、１２个月定人采血,用Ａｂｂｏｔ公司的ＩＭｘｍＥＩＡ试剂检测甲肝抗体阳性率分别为７３．９％（８８／１１９）、８３．２％（７９／９５）和８１．７％（４９／６０）,ＧＭＴ分别为１２２．７、８０．７和８３．６ｍＩＵ／ｍｌ。随访９～１３个月,对照组发现１８例临床甲型肝炎病例,发病率２４．２／１０万,疫苗组无一病例发生,保护率１００％,保护率９５％可信限下限为８６．２％。     

广西吸毒成瘾者丙型肝炎病毒的感染及其分子生物学研究

选择２８３名静脉吸毒者（ＩＶＤＡｓ）和１２１名献血员（ＢＤｓ）进行Ａｎｔｉ－ＨＣＶ、ＨＣＶ血清基因型、ＨＣＶ基因型和ＨＣＶｃＤＮＡ序列的检测。结果表明，ＩＶＤＡｓ和ＢＤｓ的Ａｎｔｉ－ＨＣＶ检出率分别为９１．１７％和０．８３％；ＩＶＤＡｓ的ＨＣＶ血清基因型为１型８１．８５％（２２１／２７０），２型１．４８％（４／２７０），ｌ＋２型０．３７％（１／２７０），不能定为１和／或２型１６．３０％（４４／２７０）；ＨＣＶ基因型为１ａ型：２８．６％（３４／１１９）；ｌｂ型：３８．７％（４６／１１９）；２ａ型１０．９％（１３／ｌ１９）；２ｂ型１４．３％（１７／ｌ１９）；３ａ型２６．９％（３２／１１９）；３ｂ型４０．３％（４８／１１９）；６ａ型８．４％（１０／１１９）；６ｂ型２６．７％（３１／１１９）；其中１４．３％的病例有４～５种不同基因亚型的混合感染现象。     

云南省瑞丽市静注毒品人群HIV感染者死亡情况调查

采用回顾性前瞻研究对１９８９年１０月～１９９３年１０月瑞丽市静注毒品人群ＨＩＶ感染者死亡情况进行调查。在观察期内，３９５名ＨＩＶ阳性队列中死亡６１人，累计死亡率１５．４％；对照组１９２名ＨＩＶ阴性静注毒品队列死亡１８人，累计死亡率９．４％，两相比较差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５），相对危险度（ＲＲ）１．６（９５％可信区间１．０～２．５）。按死因分类后，两队列死因不明和意外死亡类别差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５），且均保持较高的主要为由吸毒过量、殴斗自杀行为所致的意外性死亡率（分别为４．７％、５．８％）。但是，在因病死亡类别，ＨＩＶ阳性队列死亡率为８．４％，显著高于ＨＩＶ阴性队列３．１％的水平（Ｐ＜０．０５），ＲＲ为２．７（９５％可信区间２．１～６．１）。若去除ＨＩＶ阳性队列中２名ＡＩＤＳ死亡病例后，比较两队列非ＡＩＤＳ性死亡率，ＨＩＶ阳性队列为１３．９％，ＨＩＶ阴性队列为７．９％，差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５），ＲＲ为１．７（９５％可信区间１．０～２．８）。结果表明，瑞丽市的静注毒品者中，ＨＩＶ阳性人群死于疾病的机会较ＨＩＶ阴性人群高，其中可能包括部分漏报的ＡＩＤＳ病例，提示今后应加强对基层卫生人员有关ＡＩＤＳ诊断标准的培训。     

天津市女性糖尿病危险因素初步研究

对天津市区居民１２１例女性非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病（ＮＩＤＤＭ）病例进行了１：１配对病例对照研究。经条件Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归模型分析，发现与ＮＩＤＤＭ有关的危险因素是：经济收入高（ＯＲ一３．４８，９５％ＣＩ＝２．０２～５．９８）、糖尿病家族史（ＯＲ＝６．３７，９５％ＣＩ＝２．９２～１３．８９）、既往相关病史（ＯＲ＝６．９２，９５％ＣＩ＝３．２５～１４．７３）、绝经年龄晚（ＯＲ＝３，３９，９５％ＣＩ＝２．１５～５．３５）、嗜甜食（ＯＲ＝３．５６，９５％ＣＩ＝２．２９～５．５４）、肥胖（ＯＲ＝１６．３２，９５％ＣＩ＝６．０２～４４．２３）及ＢＭＩ大（ＯＲ＝２．０８，９５％ＣＩ＝１．５２～２．８５）。同时还发现，体育锻炼（ＯＲ＝０．３６，＝３１．４７，Ｐ＜０．０１）和蔬菜、水果等是保护性因素。     

广西肝病患者及献血员的HCV Serotype和Genotype的分子生物学研究

选择广西不同地市的肝病患者１０３例（ＡＨ８、ＣＡＨ３６、ＣＰＨ３６、ＬＣ７、ＨＣＣ１６）和献血员３５５例进行Ａｎｔｉ－ＨＣＶ阳性率、ＨＣＶＳｅｒｏｔｙｐｅ和Ｇｅｎｏｔｙｐｅ的分子生物学研究。结果表明：肝病患者Ａｎｔｉ－ＨＣＶ阳性１２例（ＡＨ１／８。ＣＡＨ２／３６。ＣＰＨ９／３６。ＬＣＯ／７、ＨＣＣ０／１６），阳性率为１１．６５％，明显高于同室检测兰州和南京肝病患者的Ａｎｔｉ－ＨＣＶ阳性率４．３％和４．２％（Ｐ＜０．０１）；２４０例献血员中检出Ａｎｔｉ－ＨＣＶ阳性１１例（４．５８％），明显低于同室检测兰州献血员的Ａｎｔｉ－ＨＣＶ阳性率３５．００％（Ｐ＜０．０１）；本文两组的Ａｎｔｉ－ＨＣＶ阳性率也存在显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。肝病患者组的ＨＣＶＳｅｒｏｔｐｙｅ１型、２型、１＋２型和无法定为１和／或２型者分别为３３．３３％、０、０和６６．６７％；而献血员组的ＨＣＶＳｅｒｏｔｙｐｅ分别为６５．９５％、１．１０％、２．２０％和３０．７７％。此外，肝病患者组的ＨＣＶＧｅｎｏｔｙｐｅ均属ｌｂ型（５０．００％）和ｌｂ混合型（５０．００％）；献血员组的ＨＣＶＧｅｎｏｔｙｐｅ中ｌａ型、ｌｂ型、ｌｂ混合型和无法定为１和／或２     

Lipoprotein carotenoid profiles and the susceptibility of low density lipoprotein to oxidative modification in healthy elderly volunteers

OBJECTIVES: To determine antioxidant levels in plasma, low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) before and after supplementation with a carotene mixture or lycopene; to examine the interrelationships between carotenoids and tocopherols in plasma, LDL and HDL under normal dietary conditions and after supplementation with carotene or lycopene; and to investigate whether supplementation with a carotene mixture or lycopene could enhance the ability of LDL to withstand oxidative stress in vitro, in a group of healthy elderly people aged > or =65 y. DESIGN: Randomized placebo controlled double blind study. SETTING: Free living urban adults in Ireland. Subjects: Fifty-one volunteers aged > or =65 y. INTERVENTIONS: Volunteers were each provided with capsules providing either 13.3 mg lycopene, or 11.9 mg carotene or placebo for 12 weeks. RESULTS: Both absolute and cholesterol standardized plasma carotenoid concentrations correlated strongly with LDL and HDL concentrations of carotenoids before and after supplementation with carotene or lycopene. Supplementation with a carotene mixture or lycopene had no effect on oxidative modification of LDL in vitro despite significant increases in plasma and LDL concentrations of lycopene, alpha-carotene and beta-carotene. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that, in unsupplemented individuals, plasma can act as a biomarker of carotenoid and gamma-tocopherol concentrations in both LDL and HDL. Supplementation with carotenes or lycopene do not reduce or delay oxidation of LDL. These results support the assumption that carotenoids, such as beta-carotene and lycopene, may show protective effects because they are good markers of fruit and vegetable intake.     

The effects of vitamin A, beta-carotene and canthaxanthin on vitamin A metabolism and immune responses in the chick

Chicks were fed diets containing, 0, 0.85 and 350 mg/kg vitamin A and 1 g/kg beta-carotene or canthaxanthin from hatching. Carotene increased and canthaxanthin depressed plasma and hepatic vitamin A concentrations. High vitamin A levels decreased the concentration of both carotenoids. Neither carotene nor canthaxanthin affected intestinal carotene cleavage in vitro. T-lymphocyte proliferative responses were decreased at low vitamin A intakes and enhanced at the high vitamin A intake. Carotene and canthaxanthin fed with 0.85 mg/kg vitamin A had no effect on immune response and with 350 mg/kg vitamin A prevented the enhancement of the proliferative response. It is concluded that immune response in the chick is modulated by vitamin A; carotene and canthaxanthin effects are probably due to influences on vitamin A metabolism.     

Comparison of the uptake and secretion of carotene and xanthophyll carotenoids by Caco-2 intestinal cells

Carotenoids have been shown to have potential beneficial effects on human health which has led to an increasing interest in the study of their bioavailability. A Caco-2 cell model, as previously described, was employed to examine the percentage transfer of the carotenoids alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, lycopene, astaxanthin, beta-cryptoxanthin, lutein and zeaxanthin through an intact, highly differentiated Caco-2 cell monolayer at a range of different amounts. Our results show that astaxanthin, a carotenoid with powerful antioxidant capacity, had the highest percentage transfer overall. We examined the cellular uptake and secretion of lutein and zeaxanthin to compare two structurally similar carotenoids. Both were efficiently transported through the monolayer with a range between 5.1 (sem 1.2) % to 20.2 (sem 3.3) % and 5.5 (sem 2.5) % to 13.4 (sem 4) % for lutein and zeaxanthin, respectively. These carotenoids were compared to each other at each added amount and no significant difference was observed between the two xanthophylls. The carotene carotenoids alpha-carotene, beta-carotene and lycopene and the xanthophyll beta-cryptoxanthin were also examined and had lower uptake and secretion values when compared to lutein, zeaxanthin and astaxanthin. The xanthophyll beta-cryptoxanthin was also not significantly different when compared to the carotene carotenoids. Data generated from this study compares well with in vivo bioavailability studies. Furthermore, the model provides comparative data on the relative absorption and transfer of seven different carotenoids. Our data indicate that lower amounts of carotenoids were absorbed and transferred more efficiently than higher amounts suggesting a saturation effect at higher exposure.     

Cardiovascular disease mortality and serum carotenoid levels: a Japanese population-based follow-up study

BACKGROUND: Some observational epidemiologic studies suggest that dietary and serum carotenoids are associated with reduced cardiovascular disease mortality. METHODS: Three thousand and sixty-one subjects (1,190 males and 1,871 females), aged 39 to 80 years, were recruited from residents of Hokkaido, Japan who had attended comprehensive health check-up programs from 1988 through 1995. Serum levels of alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, and lycopene were separately determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Serum levels of total carotene consisted of the sum of alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, and lycopene levels. Each serum level of alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, lycopene, total carotene, triglyceride, and alanine transaminase (ALT) activity was transformed logarithmically. The hazard ratios of serum alpha- and beta-carotenes, lycopene, and total carotene values were estimated by the Cox proportional hazard model after adjusting for sex, age, and other potential confounding factors. RESULTS: During the 11.9-year follow-up period, 80 deaths (49 males and 31 females) from cardiovascular disease, 40 deaths from heart disease, and 37 deaths from stroke were identified among the cohort subjects. High serum values of carotenoids such as alpha- and beta-carotenes, and lycopene were found to be significantly associated with low hazard ratios for cardiovascular disease mortality. However, a significant inverse association between high serum lycopene value and the risk for stroke mortality was not always observed. CONCLUSIONS: High serum levels of total carotene, comprising alpha- and beta-carotenes and lycopene, may reduce the risk for cardiovascular disease mortality among the Japanese population.     

Some dietary fibers reduce the absorption of carotenoids in women

Dietary fiber may be partly responsible for the lower bioavailability of carotenoids from food than from purified supplements. Due to the lack of detailed information available, we investigated the effects of different kinds of dietary fiber on the absorption of carotenoids and alpha-tocopherol. Six healthy young women received an antioxidant mixture consisting of beta-carotene, lycopene, lutein, canthaxanthin and alpha-tocopherol together with a standard meal. The meal did not contain additional dietary fiber or was enriched with pectin, guar, alginate, cellulose or wheat bran (0. 15 g. kg body weight(-1)). The increases in plasma carotenoid and alpha-tocopherol concentrations were followed over 24 h, and the areas-under-curves (AUC(24h)) were calculated. The mean AUC(24h) of beta-carotene was significantly (P < 0.05) reduced by the water-soluble fibers pectin, guar and alginate with a mean decrease of 33-43%. All tested fibers significantly reduced the AUC(24h) of lycopene and lutein by 40-74% (P < 0.05). The dietary fiber effect on the AUC(24h) of canthaxanthin was almost significant (P = 0.059) and there was no effect on the AUC(24h) of alpha-tocopherol. We conclude that the bioavailability of beta-carotene, lycopene and lutein given within a mixed supplement is markedly reduced by different kinds of dietary fiber.     

Effects of carotenoids on aflatoxin B1-induced mutagenesis in S. typhimurium TA 100 and TA 98

The effects of beta-carotene, canthaxanthin, and extracts of tomato paste (containing lycopene) and orange juice (containing cryptoxanthin) on aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-induced mutagenesis in S. typhimurium TA 100 and TA 98 were investigated. Inhibition of mutagenesis was studied during and following completion of AFB1 metabolism (i.e., after the addition of menadione), thereby permitting separate examination of the metabolic activation and phenotypic expression phases. Each experimental carotenoid, except lycopene, inhibited AFB1-induced mutagenesis in both tester strains. Cryptoxanthin was the most potent inhibitor, being at least an order of magnitude more potent than the other carotenoids. Inhibition by beta-carotene and canthaxanthin was more prominent during the activation phase, whereas cryptoxanthin was more effective during the subsequent phenotypic expression phase. These inhibitory effects were not dependent on conversion to retinol.     

成人膳食类胡萝卜素食物来源构成

目的了解北方部分成年人膳食主要类胡萝卜素的主要食物来源及构成状况。方法采用称重记录法,在春夏秋冬4个季节,调查城区、郊区、农村3类不同社区184名30--60岁居民连续3d的膳食,利用1993年美国农业部一国家癌症研究院（USDANCI）食物类胡萝卜素数据库、1998年美国农业部一营养协作中心（USDA—NCC）食物类胡萝卜素成分数据库和最近的美国食物成分数据库（SR18）建立α-胡萝卜素、β-胡萝卜素、β-隐黄质、番茄红素、玉米黄质／叶黄素5种类胡萝卜素的食物成分表,分别计算5种类胡萝卜素的食物来源构成百分比。结果北方居民类胡萝卜素摄入的主要食物分别是β-胡萝卜素（菠菜11．2％±25．6％）、α-胡萝卜素（胡萝卜19．4％±36．8％）、β-隐黄质（鸡蛋19．0％±27．5％）、番茄红素（西红柿30．4％±44．8％）、叶黄素／玉米黄质（菠菜15．8％±32．1％）。结论中国北方居民类胡萝卜素的主要食物来源是菠菜、胡萝卜、西红柿、鸡蛋等。     

高效液相色谱法测定蔬菜中类胡萝卜素组分

目的测定食物中叶黄素(Lut)、隐黄素(Cryp)、α-胡萝卜素(α-C)、β-胡萝卜素(β-C)和番茄红素(Lyco)的水平。方法采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)。HPLC色谱柱:Develosil C30柱;流动相:A(甲醇∶叔丁基甲基醚∶水=83∶15∶2),B(甲醇∶叔丁基甲基醚∶水=8∶90∶2),梯度洗脱;检测器:紫外-可见光检测器;检测波长:450nm。结果Lut在0.013~0.508μg/ml范围内与峰面积的线性相关,R2=0.999,加标回收率为105.9%,RSD=4.62%;Cryp在0.015~0.605μg/ml范围内与峰面积的线性相关,R2=1.000,加标回收率为94.7%,RSD=3.50%;α-C在0.011~0.432μg/ml范围内与峰面积的线性相关,R2=1.000,加标回收率为95.8%,RSD=3.83%;、β-C在0.013~0.518μg/ml范围内与峰面积的线性相关,R2=1.000,加标回收率为108.1%,RSD=2.97%;Lyco在0.012~0.498μg/ml范围内与峰面积的线性相关,R2=1.000,加标回收率为104.5%,RSD=4.24%。结论该方法同时测定了蔬菜中的Lut、Cryp、α-C、β-C和Lyco5种类胡萝卜素组分,方法简便、快速、准确。     

Intake of Lycopene and other Carotenoids and Incidence of Uterine Leiomyomata: A Prospective Ultrasound Study

BackgroundUterine leiomyomata (UL) are the leading indication for hysterectomy in the United States. Dietary supplementation with lycopene was associated with reduced size and incidence of oviduct leiomyoma in the Japanese quail. Two US prospective cohort studies of women reported little association between intake of lycopene, or other carotenoids, and UL incidence. However, these studies relied on self-reported physician-diagnosed UL, which is prone to misclassification.ObjectiveThis study examines the association between dietary intake of carotenoids and UL incidence.DesignData were derived from the Study of the Environment, Lifestyle, and Fibroids, a prospective cohort study. Women completed self-administered baseline questionnaires on demographic characteristics, reproductive history, and lifestyle, including a 110-item validated food frequency questionnaire, from which dietary intakes of carotenoids—including alpha carotene, beta carotene, cryptoxanthin, lutein-zeaxanthin, and lycopene—and vitamin A were estimated.Participants/settingOne thousand two hundred thirty Black women aged 23 to 35 years who did not have a previous diagnosis of UL, cancer, or autoimmune disease were eligible for enrollment (2010-2012). Participants were residents of the Detroit, MI, metropolitan area.Main outcome measuresTransvaginal ultrasound was used to assess UL at baseline and 20, 40, and 60 months of follow-up.Statistical analyses performedCox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% CIs, adjusted for energy intake, age at menarche, education, body mass index, parity, age at first birth, years since last birth, current use of oral contraceptives or progestin-only injectables, alcohol intake, and cigarette smoking.ResultsAmong 1,230 women without prevalent UL at baseline, 301 incident UL cases during follow-up were identified. Intakes of lycopene, other carotenoids, and vitamin A were not appreciably associated with UL incidence. Hazard ratios comparing quartiles 2 (2,376 to 3,397 μg/day), 3 (3,398 to 4,817 μg/day), and 4 (≥4,818 μg/day) with quartile 1 (<2,376 μg/day) of lycopene intake were 1.03 (95% CI 0.72 to 1.47), 1.22 (95% CI 0.86 to 1.72), and 0.95 (95% CI 0.67 to 1.36), respectively.ConclusionsStudy findings do not support the hypothesis that greater carotenoid intake is associated with reduced UL incidence.     

Intake of specific carotenoids and flavonoids and the risk of lung cancer in women in Barcelona,Spain

Newly available data of a case‐control study of lung cancer in women in Spain were analyzed to assess the relationship with the intake of specific carotenoids (α‐carotene, β‐carotene, lutein, and lycopene) and flavonoids (quercetin, kaempferol, myricetin, and luteolin). The study included 103 cases and 206 hospital controls, matched by age and residence. Usual food intake was estimated through a food‐frequency questionnaire. With adjustment for smoking habit and vitamin E, vitamin C, and total flavonoid intake, no association was found for the intake of α‐carotene, β‐carotene, or lutein. The odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for women in the highest fertile of lycopene intake with respect to the lowest was 0.56 (0.26–1.24), with p for trend = 0.15. A nonsignificant association was observed for the highest vs. lowest tertile intake of kaempferol (odds ratio = 0.51, 95% confidence interval = 0.22–1.17), with p for trend = 0.10, after adjustment for smoking and vitamin E, vitamin C, and total carotenoid intake. No protective effect was observed for quercetin or luteolin or for total flavonoid intake.