糖尿病性神经病变的SEP临床研究

目的：探讨SEP与MCV、SCV检测在糖尿病伴有周围神经症状中的诊断应用价值。方法：对61例糖尿病伴有神经症状施行了胫神经感觉诱发电位(SEP)，腓总神经运动传导速度(MCV)，正中神经感觉传导速度(SCV)，并进行了比较分析。结果：总异常率为75．41％。SEP异常率最高(65．57％)；SCV次之(50．82％)；MCV最低(26．23％)。大多数(80％)SCV减慢患均有SEP延长，而1／3SCV正常的病人，SEP潜伏期是延长的。结论：SEP与SCV、MCV合并检测对糖尿病患神经系统损害程度的判断是有益的。     

1～14岁正常儿童胫后神经体感诱发电位正常值及其特点

目的：探讨正常儿童胫后神经（PTN）体感诱发电位（SEP）的特点及正常值。方法：对121名正常儿童进行PTN—SEP检测,分析各波的特点及各波参数随年龄变化规律。结果：PTN—SEP随年龄增长,波幅增高,使波容易辨认,波幅在个体问变异较大。左右双侧对应波的潜伏期（PL）和峰间期（IPL）比较差异无显著意义（P〉0．05）,各组男女间PL和IPL无性别差异（P〉0．05）。外周神经电位的腰髓电位（LP）、马尾电位（cE）、胭窝电位（PF）等3个波的潜伏期随年龄增长PI。延长,而P40和N45等皮层电位的PL在8岁前变化则不明显（相邻组间P〉0．05）,8岁后延长明显。PF-T12的IPL也随年龄增长而延长（相邻组间P〈0．05）;而T12-P40IPL3岁组较1岁组延长,但差异不明显,以后随年龄增长而缩短,6岁组达成人值。结论：儿童PTN—SEP的正常值按年龄组划分是完全必要的。由于各波PL受身长的影响大,因此绝对PL不宜作为PTN—SEP的异常标准。PTNSEP是评价小儿躯体感觉通路、脊髓、脑干和大脑功能的客观指标,具有较大的临床实用价值。     

帕金森病患者正中神经和胫神经体感诱发电位研究

目的:同时观察帕金森病患者正中神经和胫神经体感诱发电位的异常并推测其发生机制。方法:选择30名帕金森病患者和20名健康对照者,刺激正中神经,记录顶叶体感诱发电位的N20、P25、N30波,额叶的P20、N30波的潜伏期和波幅。刺激胫神经,记录顶叶体感诱发电位的P40、N50、P60波的潜伏期和波幅。结果:帕金森病患者上肢额叶N30和下肢N50波幅明显降低(P<0·05)。结论:帕金森病患者上下肢SEP同时出现异常是黑质纹状体系统多巴胺缺乏的结果,下肢N50波幅比上肢N30与临床症状的严重性更有相关性。     

糖尿病性神经病变的体感诱发电位观察

对已确诊Ⅱ型(非胰岛素依赖型)糖尿病的105例患者进行了体感诱发电位(SEP)观察。结果显示SEP正常25例(23.8％),异常80例(76.2％)。其异常发生率与年龄、病程、血糖控制情况有显著相关性,即年龄大、病程长及长期血糖控制差的患者SEP异常率高。结果还显示,有神经系统症状的患者SEP多为异常,而临床尚未出现神经系统症状者SEP也可出现异改变,提示该检查对糖尿病性神经病变的早期诊断有一定价值。     

正常儿童的神经电图检测报告

目的:利用神经电图检测技术,获取不同年龄期正常儿童的有关神经电生理数据,以便在儿科临床应用中提供其详细、有效的判断依据。方法:采用肌电图／诱发电位仪检测405名儿童的正中神经、尺神经、腓神经、胫神经的运动传导速度(MCV)和感觉传导速度(SCV)、F波及股神经运动潜伏期(FML)。此405名正常儿童按年龄分15组,每组25-40人,分别检测双侧肢体,取单肢结果统计制表。结果:各年龄期各检查项目波形引出率100％。MCV、SCV随年龄增加而增快,潜伏期随年龄增加而延长。除胫后神经感觉神经动作电位(SNAP)随年龄增加而降低外,其余神经复合肌肉动作电位(CMAP)、SNAP波幅均随年龄增加而增高。F波潜伏期随年龄增加而延长,F波响应率无明显年龄规律,但各神经中以胫神经响应率最高,腓总神经响应率最低。结论:不同年龄儿童MCV、SCV、F波、FML的测值与年龄的增长相关,在临床应用中,应参照相应年龄期正常值作出判断。     

先天性马蹄内翻足的神经肌肉功能的电生理学评价

目的:评价先天性马蹄内翻足(CTE)患儿神经及肌肉功能,并对其进行病因学探讨。方法:检测63例CTE患儿(86足)胫神经体感诱发电位(SEP)、胫神经H反射、下肢神经神经传导速度及肌电图,以了解CTE患儿的神经肌肉功能。结果:SEP异常率在轻、中、重CTE患儿组分别为6％、46％、64％。H反射异常率在中、重组分别为20％、24％。下肢周围神经传导及肌电图异常率在畸形程度的轻、中、重组分别为11％、9％、15％。确认病变位点在腰骶脊髓水平以上者33例(38％)。总异常率经卡方(X2)检验,与轻度组比较,中度组P<0．05;重度组P<0．01,差异有显著意义。结论:CTE存在神经肌肉功能异常,异常程度与畸形程度相关。     

健康青年人四肢远端神经F波特征

目的:观察健康青年志愿者的正中、尺、腓、胫神经F波最短潜伏期以及出现率与年龄、性别的关系.方法:选择延边大学医学院健康志愿者996名为研究对象,采用美国NICOLET公司出产的Portabook肌电图诱发电位仪,检测正中神经、尺神经、腓神经和胫神经F波,比较分析男18～21岁组、女18～21岁组与男22～25岁组、女2...     

神经电生理检查在运动神经元病中的诊断价值

目的:研究神经电生理检查在运动神经元病(MND))中的诊断价值。方法:分别对25例MND患者进行了磁刺激运动诱发电位(mMEP)、肌电图(EMG)、神经传导速度(NCV)、体感诱发电位(SEP)测定,并与健康对照组20例进行比较。结果:MND组mMEP皮层潜伏期和中枢运动传导时间(CMCT)均明显长于对照组;EMG神经原性损害占70％;NCV 30％患者异常;SEP未见明显异常。结论:mMEP结合EMG检查在MND的诊断和分型中具有重要价值。     

磁刺激运动诱发电位体感诱发电位在脊髓及神经根病变定位诊断中的价值

目的:探讨磁刺激运动诱发电位(mMEP)及电刺激体感诱发电位(SEP)在脊髓及神经根病变定位诊断中的价值.方法:将122例经影像学检查证实的患者根据病变部位分为以下三组:腰骶神经根病变组(Ⅰ组),胸腰骶髓病变组(Ⅱ组),颈髓及颈神经根病变组(Ⅲ组),采用丹麦Keypoint型肌电诱发电位仪,对上述患者进行下肢胫后神经磁运动诱发电位(mMEPt)、电刺激胫后神经体感诱发电位(SEPt)及上肢正中神经短潜伏期体感诱发电位(SSEPm)检测.结果:SSEPmⅠ组、Ⅱ组各1例异常,Ⅲ组异常49例(阳性率为96.1%);SEPt 89例异常(阳性率为72.9%),三组之间阳性率经χ2检验差异无显著意义(P>0.05),与SSEPm比较,两者之间阳性率差异无显著意义(P>0.05);mMEPt 74例异常(阳性率为60.7%),Ⅱ组阳性率最高(83.8%),Ⅰ组仅达45%.结论:对于临床上高度怀疑颈髓及颈神经根病变者,仅需作SSEPm便可为临床提供有价值的电生理指标,而不必再作mMEPt及SEPt;单独SEPt 对脊髓病变没有定位诊断价值,而mMEPt不仅能提示脊髓病变的可能部位,对病变局限在脊髓腹侧者也适用; 相当一部分腰骶神经根病变者mMEPt正常,其原因有待进一步研究.     

胫后神经体感诱发电位对脊髓病变的定位诊断

目的：研究胫后神经体感诱发电位对脊髓病变的定位诊断价值。方法：通过经皮恒流电刺激胫后神经，采用髂棘、脐部和头皮Fpz作参考电极，分别于第4腰椎棘突、第12胸椎棘突和头皮Cz’置记录电极，依次记录CE、N24和P40电位之峰潜伏期。共检测15例健康成人和29例经核磁共振证实的腰骶神经根或脊髓病变患者。结果：①CE、N24和P40电位均异常，见于腰骶神经根病变；②CE正常，N24和P40异常，见于腰骶髓病变；③CE、N24正常，P40异常，见于颈胸髓病变。结论：胫后神经体感诱发电位能够鉴别腰骶神经根或不同节段的脊髓病变，临床上具有定位诊断价值。但对于轻度的腰骶神经根或脊髓腹侧病变，结果可出现“假阴性”。     

78例儿童孤独症患者体感诱发电位分析

目的:通过观察和分析儿童孤独症患者体感诱发电位(SEP)的改变,探讨其在儿童孤独症诊断中的临床意义。方法:对1岁零8个月至8岁的78例孤独症儿童进行SEP检查,观察皮层第一个电位P40潜伏期及P40、N50、P60、N75波幅的改变。结果:78例孤独症患儿皮层电位P40潜伏期均有延长,其中双侧延长55例,单侧延长23例,并波幅分化差或左右不对称18例。结论:孤独症患者体感传导通路皮层电位潜伏期延长和波幅的改变,提示皮层下(包括脑干、丘脑)和相关皮层功能受损的可能,结合影像学检查,对评价神经系统功能及预后有一定的价值,对孤独症患儿临床诊断有帮助。     

肝硬化失代偿期病人体感诱发电位观察

目的 :探讨肝硬化失代偿期病人的神经功能状态。方法 :对 30例肝硬化失代偿期病人进行体感诱发电位 (SEP)检查 ,刺激部位均为右腕正中神经。结果 :肝硬化失代偿期病人的SEP有着不同程度的改变 ,其中P15、N2 0 、P2 5、N3 5的潜伏期延长和N13 -P15的波间期延长分别占本组异常数的 85 %、40 %、35 %、2 5 %和 2 0 %。这些值与正常人组相比较 ,其两组间差异均有极显著性意义 (P <0 0 1)。结论 :SEP可为研究亚临床肝性脑病提供电生理学的客观依据。     

A thalamic component of the cervical evoked potential in man

Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) were recorded simultaneously from scalp and neck locations following median nerve stimulation. By subtracting the latency of the major negative peak of the cervical SEP (N13) from that of the primary cortical response (N20), the central somatosensory conduction time was calculated (5.9 ms). On the descending slope of the cervical SEP was superimposed a positive potential of probable thalamic origin (P17). By subtracting the latency of N13 from that of P17 and P17 from that of N20 respectively, the transit time for the afferent volley both within the brainstem (3.9 ms) and the thalamo-cortical radiation (2.0 ms) was obtained.     

65例颈椎型脊髓病体感诱发电位分析

目的研究颈椎型脊髓病皮质体感诱发电位（ＳＥＰ）变化。方法对６５例颈椎型脊髓病患者和２６例正常人进行正中神经和胫后神经刺激的ＳＥＰ对照研究，并对１０例患者作治疗前后对照观察。结果本组异常率为４５％，主要表现为各波替伏期和波间期（Ｎ２０—Ｐ２５，Ｐ２５—Ｎ３５，Ｐ４０—Ｎ４５）延长，且下肢的延长更加明显，部分患者出现波形分化不良。经保守治疗后６例正常，２例好转，且ＳＥＰ的好转先于临床的改善。结论ＳＥＰ对评判颈椎型脊髓病的脊髓传导功能具有重要的意义，且有助于临床预后的评价。     

椎基底动脉供血不足家兔模型体感诱发电位分析

目的：研究椎基底动脉供血不足(VBI)时体感诱发电位(SEP)的动态变化及其诊断意义。方法：选择成年家兔10只，通过结扎家兔一侧椎动脉人为造成VBI模型，以N27、P40峰潜期及峰间期为指数，动态检测其右侧胫后神经SEP的变化，研究其变化规律。结果：VBI后SEPN27，p40的峰潜伏期明显延长，峰间期无明显变化。结论：SEP对VBI发作期感觉功能的变化有诊断价值，并可评价发作的严重程度。     

High frequency vibration induced gating of subcortical and cortical median nerve somatosensory evoked potentials: different effects on the cervical N13 and on the P13 and P14 far-field SEP components.

Subcortical and cortical somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) to median nerve stimulation were recorded before, during and after high frequency (270 Hz) vibration of the fingers 1-3 in 8 healthy subjects. A marked decrease of the amplitude of all potentials was observed. The attenuation of the sensory nerve action potential (SNAP) of the median nerve and the attenuation of SEP components N9, N11 and N13 showed no differences, while the attenuation of the subcortical P14 component was significantly higher. This is in accordance with a generator of the cervical N13 in the interneurons beside the lemniscal pathway. The cortical N20 (post-rolandic) was significantly more decreased in amplitude than P14 while P22 (pre-rolandic) remained reduced in amplitude like P14. An increased latency of the far-field subcortical P14 was observed, while P13 recorded in the same montage remained unchanged in latency. These findings suggest different generators of these peaks. A generator of P14 above the nucleus cuneatus is confirmed. A presynaptic generator of P13 is suspected.     

Planar vector projection of short-latency median nerve somatosensory evoked potentials

A planar vector projection of short-latency somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) following stimulation of the median nerve was obtained by recording SEP over Fpz-Oz and T3-T4 and plotting the amplitudes on both channels at corresponding time points against each other. The resulting curve showed three successive loops pointing ipsilateral occipital (N1), contralateral occipital (N2) and ipsilateral frontal (N3) to the stimulated side. Normal values for latency, amplitude and direction of these loops were obtained from 10 normal adults. N1 can be attributed to the cuneate nucleus and medial lemniscus, N2 to the primary somatosensory cortex and N3 to the frontal cortex.     

兔皮层体感诱发电位时频特征分析

分析兔皮层体感诱发电位的时域和频域特性。兔麻醉开颅，从大脑体感运动皮层引导诱发电位。连续多次刺激，以3800Hz采样率采样。测量每次诱发电位各个波形成分的峰潜伏期。分析诱发电位的功率谱。比较单次和叠加平均电位的时频特性。结果显示诱发成分时域变异性在一个刺激周期内随时间逐渐增大，诱发电位的频谱包括3个主要频谱包。叠加平均技术使信号产生波形融合，新波形产生，后发放成份消失等多种畸变。     

Primary somatosensory evoked magnetic fields elicited by sacral surface electrical stimulation

To explore the brain response to sacral surface therapeutic electrical stimulation (SSTES) for the treatment of refractory urinary incontinence and frequent micturition, evoked magnetic fields were measured in six healthy males. Electrical stimuli were applied between bilateral surface electrodes over the second through fourth posterior sacral foramens with intensity just below the pain threshold. Somatosensory evoked magnetic fields (SEFs) for the bilateral median (MN) and posterior tibial nerves (PTN) were also measured for the comparison. Sources of the early SEF peaks were superimposed on individual magnetic resonance images. The first peak latency for sacral stimuli, M30, occurred at 30.2+/-0.8 ms (mean+/-standard deviation, N=6), with shorter latency than those for PTN stimulus (39.3+/-1.4 ms, N=12) and longer latency than those for MN stimulus (21.0+/-0.9 ms, N=12). The second peak latency for sacral stimuli, M50, occurred at 47.2+/-2.9 ms (N=6). Both M30 and M50 peaks showed a single dipole pattern over the vertex in the isofield maps. The equivalent current dipoles of M30 and M50 were both estimated near the medial end of the central sulcus with approximately posterior current direction. These results suggest that the sacral M30 and M50 are responses from the primary somatosensory cortex. The relatively long time lag between the onset and peak of M30 suggests that SSTES directly affects both the cauda equina and cutaneous nerve of the sacral surface.