慢性充血性心力衰竭患者心率变异性的观察

研究表明,神经激素的激活在充血性心力衰竭（ＣＨＦ）发生发展过程中起重要作用［１］。业已证明,心率变异性（ＨＲＶ）可作为一项反映自主神经对心脏调控的无创性指标［２］。作者分析４８例正常人及５２例ＣＨＦ患者ＨＲＶ变化规律,旨在了解ＣＨＦ患者的自主神经的活...     

充血性心力衰竭患者心率变异性分析

目的：了解充血性心力衰竭（CHF）心率变异性（HRV）。方法：采用动态心电图（DCG）测定和比较51例CHF和51例正常对照组的HRV。结果：CHF的SDNN,SDNNindex,SDANNindex,RMSSD,PNN50低于对照组,差异具有极显性（P＜0．01）,且随心功能降低而降低。结论：CHF有明显的心脏交感神经活动增强,心脏迷走神经活性降低。     

充血性心力衰竭患者心率变异性分析

心率变异性（ＨＲＶ）分析是反映支配心脏自主神经活性的一项无创性指标。我们通过ＨＲＶ时域和频域分析法，研究５１例正常人、６０例不同病因致慢性充血性心力衰竭患者的心率变异特性。结果表明：慢性充血性心力衰竭患者的２４小时ＲＲ间期标准差（ＳＤＮＮ）和ＨＲＶ指数，明显低于正常人。频域分析显示正常人心率变异功率谱密度（ＰＳＤ），日间以低频成分占优势，夜间睡眠时则高频成分占主导，低频成分昼夜变化不明显。慢性充血     

冠心病和充血性心力衰竭患者的心率变异性

本文采用标准差法及心率变指数法分析了冠心病、充血性心力衰竭及正常人各５０例的心率变异性，结果发现冠心病及充血性心力衰竭者的心率变异值显著低于正常人。心衰组中，心衰程度越重者，心率弈异赵低。且心率变异与心胸比值及ＰＥＰ／ＬＶＥＴ呈负相关，与心脏指数呈正相关。急性心肌梗死者的心率变趔氏于陈旧性心肌梗死和心绞痛者。２４例心肌梗死者查心室晚电位，晚电位阳性者的心率变异值显著低于晚电位阴性者，提示两者结合可     

中老年慢性充血性心力衰竭患者的心率变异性分析

慢性充血性心力衰竭临床常见，这些患有显的神经内分泌改变，表现为交感神经兴奋，血中儿茶酚胺升高。业已表明心率变异(HRV)可作为无创的、定量评估自主神经功能的敏感指标。HRV下降与患预后不良有关。笔观察67例中老年慢性充血性心力衰竭患和54例正常中老年人的HRV值，对其机制及意义进行初步探讨，为临床估计病情提供依据．     

美托洛尔对慢性充血性心力衰竭患者心率变异性的影响

慢性充血性心力衰竭 (慢性心衰 )是由于心室功能失常及病理重构而导致的渐进性综合征 [1 ] 。在这个过程中起重要作用的主要是肾上腺素能及肾素血管紧张素系统这两类神经激素 ,因而表现出交感神经的过度兴奋与迷走神经功能低下 ,心脏自主神经功能失调。本研究旨在通过心率变异性(HRV)测定 ,了解慢性心衰患者心脏自主神经的活性及调节功能 ,以及美托洛尔治疗对 HRV的影响。1　对象和方法1.1　对象　慢性心衰患者 87(男 5 9,女 2 8)例 ,平均年龄 6 3(5 2～ 74)岁 ,为 1997- 0 4～ 1999- 0 9的住院和门诊患者 ,其中冠心病 31例 ,高血压心脏…     

充血性心力衰竭患者的心率变异性及其意义

对２８例充血性心力衰竭（ＣＨＦ）患者及１０例健康正常人的２４ｈ动态心电图资料进行分析。每４ｍｉｎ计算１次Ｒ－Ｒ间期标准差（ｓ），以ｓ＜５０ｍｓ、５０～１００ｍｓ、＞１００ｍｓ的心跳所占的时间百分比（Ｐｓ＜５０、Ｐｓ５０～１００、Ｐｓ＞１００）作为评价心率变异性（ＨＲＶ）的指标，发现ＣＨＦ患者较正常人Ｐｓ＜５０、Ｐｓ５０～１００增加，而Ｐｓ＞１００降低（均Ｐ＜０．０５），证明了ＣＨＦ患者存在ＨＲＶ降低的现象。并认为其降低可能与心衰时交感神经系统反射调节异常有关；ＨＲＶ可作为ＣＨＦ预后的预测指标之一。     

慢性充血性心力衰竭患者心率变异性初步分析

对４８例正常人、５２例充血性心力衰竭（ＣＨＦ）患者的心率变异性（ＨＲＶ）进行分析，发现ＣＨＦ患者２４小时ＳＤＡＮＮ、ｒＭＳＳＤ及ｐＮＮ５０等时域指标明显低于正常人；ＬＦ、ＭＦ、ＨＦ和ＴＰ等频域指标也明显低于正常人，ＬＦ／ＨＦ比值略高于正常人。揭示ＣＨＦ患者存在自主神经功能损害，交感神经相对占优势     

慢性充血性心力衰竭患者心率变异性分析

为探讨心力衰竭（ＣＨＦ）患者心率变异性（ＨＲＶ）的变化规律及其病理生理机制，本文采用时域及频域两种分析方法，对９２例ＣＨＦ患者５１例健康人进行了ＨＲＶ对比分析，并对部分患者进行血浆儿茶酚胺（ＮＥ、Ｅ）浓度测定及ＨＲＶ随访。发现：健康人及ＣＨＦ患者的ＨＲＶ有明显的昼夜变化规律，夜间ＨＲＶ〉白天：ＣＨＦ患者的ＨＲＶ明显低于健康组，且与病情及心功能明显相关，近期死亡者ＨＲＶ降低更加明显；血浆ＮＥ及Ｎ浓度     

心率变异性评价心力衰竭及其等级的临床应用

目的 :评价心率变异性在充血性心力衰竭患者的临床应用价值。方法 :用 2 4h动态心电图研究充血性心力衰竭患者和对照组的心率变异性 ,并与其它心脏结构及功能参数比较。结果 :充血性心力衰竭组的 SDNN,SDANN,L F,HF和 L F/HF均较对照组显著降低 （P<0 .0 5或 P<0 .0 1）。随心力衰竭严重程度的增加 ,心率变异性呈递进性降低 ,且与左室射血分数、左室短轴缩短率及左室舒张末内径的改变相关 （P<0 .0 5或 P<0 .0 1）。结论 :心率变异性测定可以作为心力衰竭的诊断及其严重程度判断的客观指标。     

慢性充血性心力衰竭患者窦性心率震荡的检测和临床意义

目的探讨慢性充血性心力衰竭（CHF）患者窦性心率震荡的变化特点及其与心功能的关系,并进行预后判断。方法对100例（男61例,女39例;年龄45～86岁,平均62岁）慢性充血性心力衰竭患者和50例教师体检者进行24h动态心电图检查、心脏超声、常规12导联心电图,计算出心率震荡（HRT）的参数：震荡初始值（TO）及震荡斜率值（TS）,并分析两组的参数值,心脏超声测量左心室内径及射血分数。结果CHF组TO值（0.4839±0.1421）%,对照组TO值-（0.3467±0.1352）%;CHF组TS值（2.1638±0.2547）ms/RR间期,对照组TS值（6.2434±1.3589）ms/RR间期,两组比较,差异均有统计学意义。随访中发现TO、TS均异常的CHF患者的再住院率、死亡率均显著高于其他组。结论窦性心律震荡能反映压力感受器敏感性和自主神经平衡性的变化,对CHF患者的危重程度评价和预后判断有一定的参考意义。     

螺内酯对慢性心力衰竭患者心率变异性及左室重构的影响

目的探讨螺内酯对慢性心力衰竭患者心率变异性及左室重构的影响。方法选取86例慢性心力衰竭患者,随机分为常规治疗组和螺内酯组,测定治疗前及治疗3月后24h平均正常R-R间期标准差(SDNN)、24h连续5min节段平均正常R-R间期标准差(SDANN)及连续正常R-R间期差的均方根(rMSSD),采用超声诊断仪测定左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左室收缩末期内径(LVESD)、左室射血分数(LVEF)的变化。结果螺内酯组患者的心率变异性指标SDNN、SDANN及rMSSD明显增加,左心重构指标LVEDD、LVESD明显下降,LVEF明显上升(P<0.05)。结论螺内酯能够有效改善慢性心力衰竭患者的心率变异性及改善左室重构。     

慢性心力衰竭患者的心率变异性分析

目的 探讨慢性心力衰竭患者心率变异性的变化。方法 观察76例心力衰竭患者（观察组）和24例健康人（对照组）的心率变异性时域指标,比较两组各指标及与心功能程度NYHA分级、原发病和心力衰竭类型的关系。结果 观察组较对照组SDNN、SDANN显著降低（P均〈0.05、〈0.01）。心功能Ⅳ级者较Ⅱ、Ⅲ级SDNN、SDANN显著降低（P〈0.05、〈0.01）。右侧心力衰竭者较对照组SDNN、SDANN显著降低（P均〈0.01）;全心心力衰竭者较对照组和单侧心力衰竭SDNN、SDANN均显著降低（P〈0.01、〈0.05）。各种病因者较对照组SDANN均显著降低（P〈0.05、0.01）,但各种病因者差异无显著性意义（P〉0.05）结论 慢性心力衰竭患者HRV部分指标变化可作为判定慢性心力衰竭严重程度的参考指标;各项指标变化可能与原发病无关,但部分似与心力衰竭类型有关。     

Restoration of heart rate turbulence by titrated beta-blocker therapy in patients with advanced congestive heart failure: positive correlation with enhanced vagal modulation of heart rate

INTRODUCTION: Heart rate turbulence (HRT) is a powerful novel predictor for cardiovascular mortality. Chronic congestive heart failure is associated with abnormal HRT. Whether antiadrenergic beta-blocker therapy can restore control of HRT in patients with chronic congestive heart failure is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS: A 24-hour Holter ECG recording was obtained before and 1 and 3 months after titrated addition of atenolol therapy in 10 consecutive patients with advanced congestive heart failure. Two parameters derived from HRT, turbulence slope (TS) and turbulence onset (TO), and time- and frequency-domain heart rate variability (HRV) parameters (SDNN, RMSSD, VLF, LF, HF) from 24-hour ECG were compared before and after beta-blocker therapy, together with the same parameters in age-matched normal control. Results showed that TS (3.1 +/- 2.2 vs 6.2 +/- 3.0; P = 0.001) and all HRV parameters were increased after 3 months of atenolol treatment. No changes in TO were evident (0.6 +/- 0.5 vs -0.2 +/- 1.3; P = 0.13). The improvement of TS and the vagally mediated parameters of mean R-R interval, RMSSD, and the HF component of HRV were positively correlated. CONCLUSION: Abnormal HRT caused by chronic congestive heart failure can be restored by beta-blocker therapy. The evolution of TS was positively correlated with measures of vagal modulation of heart rate.     

Effect of biventricular pacing on heart rate variability in patients with chronic heart failure

BACKGROUND: Biventricular pacing is emerging as a long-term therapy for symptomatic heart failure. Analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) has become an important predictive tool in this syndrome. AIM OF THE STUDY: To assess whether chronic resynchronization therapy can affect HRV in patients with heart failure. METHODS AND RESULTS: Thirteen patients with heart failure were studied (mean age+/-1 S.E. 65+/-2.2 years, QRS 195+/-5.3 ms, NYHA class 3.2+/-0.1, LVEF 21+/-1.7%). The protocol included a preliminary no pacing period for 1 month following device implantation. Twenty-four hour Holter ECG recordings were performed at the end of this period (baseline) and after 3 months of biventricular stimulation (VDD mode). Prior to and following pacing patients underwent NYHA class evaluation, 6-min walk test, Quality of Life Assessment and a cardiopulmonary exercise test. Biventricular pacing improved functional class (P<0.0001) and Quality of life (P<0.0001), increased 6-min walk distance, (P=0.008) and exercise duration (P<0.0001) but had no significant effect on peak exercise VO(2). Resynchronization therapy increased mean 24-h RR (922+/-58 vs. 809+/-41 ms at baseline, P=0.006), SDNN (111+/-11 vs. 83+/-8 ms, P=0.003), SDNN-I (56+/-10 vs. 40+/-5 ms, P=0.02), rMSSD (66+/-14 vs. 41+/-8 ms, P=0.003), Total Power (5724+/-1875 vs. 2074+/-553 ms(2), P=0.03), Ultra Low Frequency Power (1969+/-789 vs. 653+/-405 ms(2), P=0.03) and Very Low Frequency Power (2407+/-561 vs. 902+/-155 ms(2), P=0.004). CONCLUSION: Biventricular pacing in heart failure improves autonomic function by increasing HRV. This may have important prognostic implications.     

Reversal of deteriorated fractal behavior of heart rate variability by beta-blocker therapy in patients with advanced congestive heart failure

INTRODUCTION: The slope of the power spectrum in heart rate variability (HRV) reflects the fractal or scaling behavior in HR dynamics and recently was confirmed as an independent predictor of postmyocardial infarction survival. Whether or not the new measurement in HRV foresees the functional evolution in patients with advanced congestive heart failure treated by beta blockers is unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS: Sequential 24-hour Holter ECG recordings were obtained at baseline, and 1 and 3 months after addition of atenolol therapy for advanced congestive heart failure in 10 patients. The slope and intercept of the regression line of power-law behavior, the short- and intermediate-term of detrended fluctuated analysis (DFA), the approximate entropy (ApEn), and the standard frequency spectra of the 24-hour HRV were compared sequentially as well as with those in 12 age-matched normal controls. The results showed that the slope (-1.70 +/- 0.45 vs -1.22 +/- 0.21; P < 0.05) and the intercept (5.11 +/- 0.46 vs 5.62 +/- 0.24; P < 0.05) of the regression line of power-law behavior and the short-term DFA (for 4 to 11 beats) (0.78 +/- 0.18 vs 1.13 +/- 0.21; P < 0.05) increased after 3 months of atenolol treatment. However, the change in intermediate-term DFA (>11 beats) and ApEn was not apparent (1.24 +/- 0.21 vs 1.22 +/- 0.15 and 1.34 +/- 0.14 vs 1.36 +/- 0.11; both P > 0.05). The evolution of the slope or intercept of the regression line of the HRV power spectrum did not correlate with the echocardiographic or clinical cardiac function, or with the frequency spectral components of the HRV (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Additional beta-blocker therapy upregulated the fractal behavior control of the HRV in patients with advanced congestive heart failure. The improvement was independent of subjective and objective global cardiac performance.     

Short-term variability of heart rate turbulence in chronic heart failure

Background

Heart rate turbulence (HRT) is associated with risk in chronic heart failure (CHF). The objective of this study was to assess the short-term variability of HRT and to compare the diagnostic yield of 7-day (7DH) versus 24-hour (1DH) Holter monitoring for calculating HRT in a CHF population.

Methods and Results

Forty-nine consecutive patients with CHF were studied. At inclusion, 7DH was performed to evaluate the variability of HRT parameters. For categorized analyses, turbulence onset (TO) ≥0% and turbulence slope (TS) ≤2.5 ms/RR were defined as abnormal, and patients were classified into subgroups based on the number of abnormal HRT parameters.The cumulative percentage of patients with calculable HRT increased from 69.4% with 1DH to 93.9% with 7DH. The intraclass correlation coefficients across the 7-day monitoring were 0.81 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.70–0.89) for TO and 0.90 (95% CI 0.84–0.95) for TS. When comparing 2 randomly selected days, TO and TS values were similar (P > .1) and showed a strong correlation (TO: r = 0.79; TS: r = 0.84: P < .001). Bland-Altman plots showed a mean difference of 0.31% (95% CI −0.07 to 0.70) for TO and 0.44 ms/RR (95% CI −1.37 to 0.48) for TS. In contrast, categorized analyses showed that up to 16% of patients changed their HRT subgroup score from day 1 to day 2 of comparison.

Conclusions

In this population, 7DH significantly increased the percentage of patients with calculable HRT parameters. The short-term variability of the quantitative HRT values was good, but when patients were categorized into the established HRT subgroups, the concordance was suboptimal.