肝血管瘤的选择性动脉造影及栓塞治疗

目的：探讨肝血管瘤的DSA表现及瘤血管栓塞的治疗价值。方法：经股动脉穿刺、插管，选择性或超选择性肝动脉造影后，用超液化碘油加平阳霉素制成的乳剂行瘤血管栓塞治疗肝血管瘤26例，随访6—24个月。结果：瘤体形态呈“爆米花状”、“半弧形”及“环行”，染色时间呈“早出晚归”征象；栓塞治疗后随访21例，12例缩小50％以上；7例缩小50％以内；2例大小无变化，复查彩超瘤体内血流信号均减弱。有效率100％所有患者术后反应轻、并发症少。结论：选择性肝动脉造影及瘤血管栓塞是一种理想的肝血管瘤的诊断和治疗方法。     

选择性肝动脉栓塞治疗巨大肝血管瘤

目的:研究和探讨经肝动脉栓塞治疗巨大肝血管瘤的价值和作用。方法:对12例巨大肝血管瘤进行超选择性肝动脉栓塞,先用碘油或超液态碘油栓塞肿瘤区小血管,再用明胶海绵细条栓塞供血动脉主干。结果:血管造影复查显示碘油聚积于肿瘤内,肿瘤血管消失,供血动脉闭塞,1～2 个月后复查肿瘤不同程度缩小,其中缩小50% 以上者9例,不足50% 者3 例,2 例栓塞后获手术切除,瘤体大部分纤维化,血管闭塞。结论:巨大肝血管瘤经动脉栓塞治疗是一种安全、简单、有效的治疗方法,认为对需手术切除的巨大肝血管瘤应先栓塞治疗     

肝海绵状血管瘤的肝动脉栓塞治疗及并发症分析

目的　评价和分析肝动脉栓塞治疗肝海绵状血管瘤的疗效及并发症。方法　治疗肝血管瘤 34例 ,瘤体大小为 2 .5cm× 2 .0cm～ 9.0cm× 12 .0cm ,采用Seldinger技术股动脉插管 ,导管超选择插至肝血管瘤供血动脉后 ,灌注平阳霉素碘化油乳剂。所有病例术后随访 6～ 18个月。结果　肝动脉栓塞后肝血管瘤瘤体内碘油沉积良好 ,32例 (94 .1% )血管瘤瘤体有不同程度缩小 ,1例发生肝坏死及肝内胆管毁损性并发症 ,5例发生胆囊炎 ,并发症发生率为 17.6 % (6 34)。结论　肝动脉灌注平阳霉素碘化油乳剂治疗肝海绵状血管瘤并不是一种”无损伤”的治疗方法 ,必须严格掌握其适应证。     

选择性肝动脉造影联合栓塞治疗肝血管瘤

目的 探讨肝血管瘤的选择性肝动脉造影表现及栓塞的治疗效果.方法　对49例肝血管瘤患者采用平阳霉素-超液化碘油乳剂行超选择性动脉插管行栓塞治疗,观察治疗前和治疗后6、12个月时患者临床症状、血管瘤大小的变化以及出现的并发症.结果 所有患者在术后6、12个月复查CT,见瘤体血供消失,其内碘油沉积良好,并出现瘤体缩小、碘油聚集征象.血管瘤直径由术前为(9.3+2.2)cm到术后6、12个月时分别为(4.2+1.5)cm和(2.0+1.3)cm.治疗前的临床症状治疗后均获缓解或消失.术后均未出现胆囊坏死、胆管狭窄和肝坏死等严重并发症.结论 超选择肝动脉插管平阳霉素碘油乳剂栓塞治疗巨大肝血管瘤是一种疗效肯定、相对安全较为理想的治疗方法.     

超选择动脉栓塞治疗肝血管瘤的临床探讨

目的：探讨肝血管瘤介入治疗方法及应用价值。材料与方法：12例肝血管瘤经股动脉插管，肝动脉造影后，采用超液态碘化油及平阳霉素混合乳剂进行瘤体栓塞治疗。随访6-24月。结果：本组病例典型瘤体均有明显改变，造影示“早出晚归”征象均有不同程度减少，其中8例瘤体缩小50％以上，异常血管湖消失。术后反应轻，并发症少，复发率低。结论：经导管肝动脉栓塞治疗肝血管瘤方法简单，安全有效，动脉内栓塞是治疗肝血管瘤的理想方法。     

双途径注药术治疗肝海绵状血管瘤的疗效评价

目的探讨经肝动脉栓塞结合经皮瘤体内直接注射治疗肝血管瘤的疗效和价值。资料与方法采用Seldinger技术行肝动脉插管至血管瘤供血动脉,对32例肝海绵状血管瘤注入平阳霉素碘油乳剂(PLE)至血管瘤体大部分充填,用明胶海绵颗粒栓塞供血动脉;对碘油空虚区域再行经皮瘤体内直接注射PLE。定期观察瘤体碘油充填情况,瘤体大小和并发症。结果经肝动脉栓塞结合经皮瘤体内直接注射治疗肝血管瘤后,碘油沉积好,血管瘤体积明显缩小,无严重并发症。结论经肝动脉栓塞结合经皮瘤体内直接注射治疗肝血管瘤具有疗效好,并发症少等优点。     

巨大肝海绵状血管瘤介入治疗的疗效评价

目的：评价平阳霉素碘化油乳剂经选择性肝动脉栓塞治疗巨大肝海绵状血管瘤的临床应用和疗效。方法：对32例有症状的巨大肝海绵状血管瘤患者采用Seldinger技术,经皮股动脉穿刺行肝动脉插管注入平阳霉素碘化油乳剂栓塞硬化肝血管瘤体,并用明胶海绵颗粒栓塞瘤体供血动脉。栓塞术后3、6、12和18个月的随访观察肿瘤大小变化、临床症状缓解和并发症发生情况。结果：栓塞治疗后肿瘤进行性缩小,术后第3、6、12、18个月复查,肿瘤平均缩小程度分别为29.6%、43.7%、56.3%、64.8%;其中3例肝血管瘤分别于第12个月和第18个月复查时CT或MRI提示消失;所有患者临床症状明显减轻或消失,无严重并发症发生。结论：介入栓塞治疗巨大肝海绵状血管瘤安全有效、并发症少,具有重要的临床应用价值。     

鼻咽纤维血管瘤术前上颌动脉栓塞的临床价值

目的　探讨鼻咽纤维血管瘤术前栓塞的价值。方法　回顾性分析 13例病理证实的鼻咽纤维血管瘤患者 ,采用 4 .1F或 5FHead Hunter导管行双侧颈动脉造影 ,了解瘤体供血情况后 ,依据供血动脉的粗细 ,选择不同大小的钢圈行纤维血管瘤供血动脉术前栓塞治疗 ,术中以出血量的多少来判断瘤体栓塞效果。结果　钢圈术前栓塞后 ,13例患者均无明显并发症 ,栓塞距手术时间 1～ 4d ,平均 2d行外科手术治疗 ,术中平均出血量为 (5 84 .6± 379.4 )ml(2 5 0～ 15 0 0ml) ,瘤体均完整切除。结论　鼻咽纤维血管瘤术前钢圈栓塞 ,能有效降低术中出血量 ,提高全切率 ,减少并发症。     

肝动脉栓塞联合瘤体内博莱霉素注射治疗少血供性肝血管瘤

目的 探讨少血供性肝海绵状血管瘤经肝动脉栓塞后进行瘤体内注射博莱霉素治疗的疗效和安全性.方法 前瞻性研究9例少血供性肝海绵状血管瘤患者经肝动脉栓塞结合经皮经肝瘤体内药物注射治疗情况.对于CT/MRI明确诊断的肝海绵状血管瘤(直径＞5 cm),且CT增强扫描时仅有点状或少许斑片状强化而大部分无强化且延迟扫描时仍然如此表现的9例患者,先行肝动脉插管栓塞术,栓塞剂为超液化碘油(10 m1)与博莱霉素(8 mg)混悬剂,实际用量为5～10 ml.栓塞后4 d开始行经皮经肝瘤体内穿刺多点注射博莱霉素8～16 mg,间隔3～4 d再次注射,连续2～3次,1个月后复查CT,以后3、6个月及1年不定期复查CT.结果 9例患者DSA上所见血管瘤染色与CT增强扫描表现一致,碘油沉积呈散在点状分布,治疗后1个月瘤体均明显缩小,以后继续缩小,1年后复查基本稳定不再缩小.2例患者出现急性胆囊炎,对症处理后痊愈.1例出现栓塞后胆汁瘤,随访观察未进一步进展,未作特殊处理.结论 经肝动脉栓塞联合瘤体内博莱霉素注射治疗少血供性肝血管瘤是简便、安全并有效的方法 .     

肝海绵状血管瘤的介入治疗

目的:研究经肝动脉栓塞治疗海绵状血管瘤的方法和效果。方法:将导管超选择插入17例肝血管瘤的供血动脉,以超液态腆油、明胶海棉和(或)钢圈栓塞。结果:所有病例均成功实施了栓塞治疗。17例中有11例分别于术后1-12个月行CT或B超随访。瘤体缩小>50%者8例,>30%者2例,1例缩小不明显。全部患者中临床症状消失者11例,明显减轻者5例,总有效率94%,术后无严重并发症。结论:超选择性肝动脉栓塞是治疗肝海绵状血管瘤的安全、有效的首选方法。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.