临床医生《中国高血压防治指南》知晓情况调查

目的 :通过对基层医院医师《中国高血压防治指南》知晓情况的调查 ,以期深入开展对其学习、普及并指导临床工作。方法 :针对 6家医院以内科医师为主的各科临床医师 3 5 0名不记名问卷调查。结果 :共收回 3 2 8份问卷 ,调查前看过《中国高血压防治指南》的占总调查人数的 3 9.64 % ,心内科医师中看过的占 83 .3 3 % ,普通内科占 43 .3 5 % ,其他科 2 5 .5 0 %。心内科与普通内科及其他科对照比较有统计学意义 (P均 <0 .0 1) ,对高血压应降到什么水平 ,心内科与普通内科及其他科医师也有显著差异。结论 :对《中国高血压防治指南》知晓率情况 ,心内科医师 >普通内科医师 >其他科医师 ,对高血压治疗目的及目标血压知晓情况均超过 3 /4 ,但仍然是心内科医师 >普通内科 >其他科。提示各科医师均应加强《指南》培训学习。     

山西基层医生对心血管疾病相关指南的掌握情况的研究

目的研究基层内科医师对心血管疾病相关指南的掌握情况。方法以调查问卷的形式调查各医师对心血管相关指南的学习、掌握情况。结果在208名基层医师中,129名(62%右左)的医师知晓高血压控制目标,并且能根据高血压危险因素分层确定高血压患者目标值。在心内科医师88名和全科医师120名中,学习过2010版《高血压防治指南》的心内科医师75名,占85.2%,全科医师84名,占70.0%;在学习2007版《中国成人血脂异常防治指南》、2010版《中国2型糖尿病防治指南》方面,心内科医师分别为45名、38名,全科医师分别为41名、63名。结论山西地区基层医师不能全面掌握及监测心血管疾病患者的危险因素相关因素指标,也不能对其相关患者进行全面指导;心内科医师作为心血管专业医师,与全科临床医师相比,在管理心血管疾病患者方面,并没有明显优势。     

深圳市福田区老年人慢性病患病现况调查

目的分析深圳市福田区老年人慢性疾病患病情况。方法采用随机抽样、集中调查和入户调查相结合的方法对福田区20个社区60岁以上常住居民慢性病患病现况进行调查。结果高血压患病率为61.6%,血脂异常患病率为79.3%,糖尿病患病率为20.2%,肾功能下降患病率9.1%,男女慢性病患病率差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,各年龄组差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。慢性病危险因素水平：肥胖率21.8%、缺乏锻炼率72.5%,吸烟率12.6%,吸烟、饮酒在不同性别患病率差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,各年龄组患病率差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论福田区老年人慢性病患病率及危险因素患病率较高,应采取综合健康管理干预措施,加强危险因素的前期干预,减少慢性疾病的发生,提高生活质量。     

广西钟山县居民高血压前期流行病学调查分析

目的了解广西钟山县居民高血压前期的流行病学情况。方法采用整群抽样方法抽取广西钟山县7个乡镇共15个部门、年龄≥18岁的人群3 000名进行现场流行病学调查分析。结果 3 000被调查者中,正常血压907例(30.24%),高血压病患者541例(18.03%),高血压前期患者1 552例(51.73%)。在1 552例高血压前期患者中,男性733例占54.17%,女性819例占49.73%。随着年龄的增大,人群高血压前期患病率不断增高,不同年龄组男女居民高血压前期患病率比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),男性居民高血压前期患病率(54.17%)显著高于女性(49.73%),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。农村人口高血压前期患病率高于城镇人口(P0.05);农民人群高血压前期患病率显著高于其他各职业人群(P0.05),工人、公务员、教师、医务人员高血压前期患病率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。高血压前期患者高胆固醇血症、高三酰甘油血症、血糖异常、高尿酸血症、超重、肥胖发生率均显著高于正常血压人群,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论广西钟山县居民高血压前期患病率较高,男性、高龄、农民是高血压前期患病的主要人群,高血压前期患者的代谢异常发生率显著高于正常血压人群,必须引起高度重视。     

上海市卢湾区老年人群高血压流行特征现况调查

目的分析卢湾区老年人群高血压患病情况,通过比较老年与非老年人群高血压患病情况、控制情况,描述老年人群高血压的流行特征。方法数据来源于2010年卢湾区慢性病及其危险因素监测资料,采用多阶段随机抽样,面对面调查方法,共调查600例调查对象,其中45～59岁328例,60岁及以上272例。结果男女高血压患病率差异无统计学意义（40．60％vs 42．33％ χ2=0．17,P=0．676）,45～59岁年龄组和60岁及以上年龄组高血压患病差异有统计学意义（31．67％vs 51．50％,χ2=20．60,P=0．000）。高血压患病率随年龄增长呈上升趋势。监测对象高血压控制率低于2010年卢湾区社区管理高血压一般对象（25．5％VS54．8％,χ2=79．39,P=0．000）。结论卢湾区老年人高血压患病率高于非老年人,本次监测对象中高血压患者控制率较低。     

北京市海淀区老年人慢性病患病现况调查

目的了解海淀区老年人慢性病患病现况。方法调查对象为海淀区60岁以上常住居民，采用随机抽样、集中调查和入户调查相结合的方法。结果高血压患病率为71．4％，血脂异常患病率为77．8％，糖尿病患病率为20．96％，男女慢性病患病率差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05），随年龄的增大患病率增高，但各年龄组差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；肾功能下降患病率12．3％，男女患病率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05），各年龄组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。慢性病危险因素水平：肥胖率23．2％、缺乏锻炼率12．76％，吸烟率18．64％，饮酒率15．0％，吸烟、饮酒在不同性别患病率差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01），各年龄组患病率差异均无统计学意义（均P〉0．05）。结论海淀区老年人慢性病患病率及危险因素患病率较高，我们应采取综合干预措施，有效控制其增长。     

《中国高血压防治指南》知晓情况的调查

目的调查心血管专科及基层医师对《中国高血压防治指南》的知晓情况,为今后加强《指南》的培训和普及工作提供参考.方法对参加学习班的心血管专科医师和市、区医院、厂矿企业单位的基层医师不记名问卷方法进行调查.结果在被调查348份问卷中,在此次培训前看过《中国高血压防治指南》的,占总调查人数的29.9%,其中心血管专科医师看过《指南》的人数40.8 %;基层医师看过的人数17.7 %,经卡方检验P<0.001.对高血压患者血压应降到什么水平时,心血管专科医师与基层医师知晓大致相似.结论心血管专科医师对《中国高血压防治指南》的知晓情况好于基层医师,但临床医师对高血压病的现代治疗及目标血压的知晓率都低,建议加强培训临床医师高血压防治知识.     

中国多省市急性冠状动脉综合征住院患者高胆固醇血症患病现况

目的 了解中国多省市急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)住院患者高肌固醇血症的患病、知晓及治疗现状.方法 以2751例住院诊断的ACS患者为研究对象.2006年在中国31个省市自治区选择32家三级医院和32家二级医院,每家医院以研究启动时点起连续选择50例经住院诊断的ACS患者.为避免研究可能带来的干预影响,采用回顾形式收集已出院患者的病历,填写统一表格,分析患者高胆同醇血症的患病、院前知晓及治疗情况.结果 (1)在调查的2751例ACS住院患者中,男性占68.8%(1893例),女性占31.2%(858例),平均年龄(65±11)岁;其中心电图ST段抬高心肌梗死占39.4%,非sT段抬高心肌梗死8.8%,不稳定性心绞痛占51.8%;既往有ACS病史者27.3%.(2)2751例ACS住院患者中19.6%伴有高胆固醇血症,女性(25.5%)高于男性(16.9%,P＜0.01);按地理区域分为7个地区(华北、华东、华南、华中、东北、西北和西南),其中华东地区患者高胆固醇血症患病率最高(24.7%),华中地区最低(10.0%),各地区间的差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.01).(3)在540例高胆同醇血症患者中,人院前知晓率为12.2%,各地区间知晓率的差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);入院前高胆固醇血症的治疗率为8.2%,知晓者的治疗率为66.7%;治疗率最高的是华南地区(83.3%),最低是西南地区(0%).(4)既往有ACS史的患者中高胆固醇血症的患病率为22.1%,知晓率为18.1%,治疗率为76.7%,上述三率均高于既往无ACS病史者(18.7%、9.7%、58.3%);其中仅有21.2%的患者胆固醇控制达标.结论 ACS住院患者中近20%伴有高胆固醇血症;入院前高胆同醇血症知晓率为12.2%;治疗率为66.7%.既往有ACS史的高胆固醇血症患者仅有1/5控制达标,这在冠心病二级预防中应当引起重视.     

贵州瑶族老年人高血压、糖尿病与体重指数、腰臀比的关系

目的探讨贵州瑶族老年人高血压、糖尿病与体重指数(BMI)、腰臀比(WHR)的关系。方法采用统一问卷及体格检查方法对贵州省荔波地区瑶族老年人群进行整群随机抽样,进行高血压、糖尿病的流行病学调查。结果贵州瑶族老年人高血压患病率为48.29%,糖尿病患病率为13.31%。BMI正常组与超重肥胖组高血压患病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),BMI超重肥胖组和WHR向心性肥胖组高血压和糖尿病差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),BMI对高血压、糖尿病患病率的影响差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论BMI、WHR异常可增加高血压、糖尿病的发病危险。     

佛山普君社区老年人体重指数与高血压的关系

目的探讨老年人体重指数与高血压的关系.方法按统一方法对佛山市禅城区普君街道办事处60岁以上常住居民3 382人进行现场问卷调查,同时测量血压、身高、体重等,并计算体重指数(BMI).结果肥胖、超重、体重正常、体重过低者高血压患病率分别为64.12%、49.24%、33.44%、24.16%,随BMI增高,高血压患病率明显增高,同时随BMI水平上升血脂异常患病率亦升高.高血压类型中以单纯收缩期高血压患病率最高.平均BMI为23.0kg/m2,≥24者占37.4%,男性BMI为22.6kg/m2,≥24者占34.0%,女性BMI为23.2 kg/m2,≥24者占40.0%,男女的BMI相比有显著性差异(P＜0.01).随年龄增长BMI稍下降,80岁以后下降明显.结论BMI水平与高血压密切相关,但80岁以后超重率有明显下降.在较高年龄组老年人中进行减肥应慎重.     

中国心血管内科医师高血压情况和心血管病发病风险

目的 了解中国心血管内科医师高血压患病、治疗和控制情况,评估心血管内科医师心血管疾病发病的风险,为制定干预策略、促进人群健康提供依据.方法 对中国内地31个省、自治区、直辖市,共386家综合性医院心血管内科共4032名心血管内科医师进行高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率的流行病学调查,并对冠心病和缺血性心血管疾病的发病风险进行评估.结果 我国心血管内科医师的高血压患病率为13.1%.心血管内科医师的高血压知晓率为81.7%,治疗率为69.6%,控制率44.6%.心血管内科医师55岁之前高血压患病率男性高于女性,55岁以后两性之间差异无统计学意义.高血压组Framinham冠心病风险量表的10年冠心病风险平均为0.08,非高血压组平均为0.03.国人10年缺血性心血管病风险量表的10年绝对风险高血压组平均为0.03,非高血压组平均为0.01.结论 中国心血管内科医师高血压的知晓率、治疗率、控制率均不够理想.患高血压医师的心血管疾病风险较高,有必要提倡其对血压情况的自我监测.

Abstract：

Objective To observe the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control rate of hypertension and to evaluate the 10-year absolute risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and ischemic cardiovascular disease (ICVD) in Chinese cardiovascular physicians. Methods A total of 4032cardiovascular physicians (28 to 79 years old) from 386 hospitals in 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities were randomly selected and received an epidemiologic survey of prevalence, awareness, and control of hypertension and evaluations of CHD and ICVD risk. Results The prevalence of hypertension in Chinese cardiovascular physicians was 13.1%. The awareness rate of hypertension in Chinese cardiovascular physicians was 81.7%. Hypertension treatment rate was 69. 6% and blood pressure control rate was 44. 6%. The prevalence of hypertension was higher in male physicians than in female physicians before the age of 55 years old. Ten-year absolute risk of CHD and ICVD was 0. 08 and 0. 03 in hypertensive physicians compared to 0. 03 and 0. 01 in non-hypertensive physicians. Conclusions The results show suboptimal awareness, treatment and control rate in Chinese cardiovascular physicians for their own hypertension status. Physicians suffering from hypertension face higher risk for cardiovascular disease. It is therefore necessary to improve the self-monitoring of blood pressure in Chinese cardiovascular physicians.     

Hypertension among Tunisian adults: results of the TAHINA project

We performed a national survey to determine the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension, one of the main cardiovascular risk factors, among the adult population in Tunisia. A total of 8007 adults aged 35-70 years were included in the study. Blood pressure (BP) measurements were taken by physicians with a mercury sphygmomanometer, and standard interviewing procedures were used to record medical history, socio-demographic and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Hypertension was defined as a systolic BP ≥140?mm?Hg and/or diastolic BP ≥90?mm?Hg or current treatment with antihypertensive drugs. The prevalence of hypertension was 30.6%, higher in women (33.5%) than in men (27.3%). Multiple logistic regression analyses identified a higher age, urban area, higher body mass index, type 2 diabetes and family history of CVD as important correlates to the prevalence of hypertension. Only 38.8% of those with hypertension were aware of their diagnosis, of which 84.8% were receiving treatment. BP control was achieved in only 24.1% of treated hypertensive persons. Women were more aware than men (44.8 vs. 28.8%), but the rates of treatment and control of hypertension did not differ between the two genders. Higher age, being female, lower education level and urban area emerged as important correlates of hypertension awareness. The study highlights the hypertension problem in a middle-income developing country. There is an urgent need for a comprehensive integrated population-based intervention program to ameliorate the growing problem of hypertension in Tunisians.     

北京市军队干休所80岁以上老年人1002例高血压及治疗现状调查

目的 调查分析北京市军队干休所80岁以上老年人高血压的患病率、知晓率、服药率、控制率、治疗现状及伴随的心脑血管病、糖尿病等疾病的患病率。方法 入户调查北京市28个军队干休所80～99岁的老年人1002例，测量血压，按调查表收集所需相关资料，并查阅干休所门诊部的体检表或定点医院的住院病历，进行分析总结。结果 1002例中，高血压患者673例，患病率为67．17％，其中单纯收缩期高血压（ISH）45：3例，占高血压的67．61％；高血压的知晓率为91．08％，服药率为78．60％，控制率为60．03％；高血压组患者的冠心病、脑血管病、痴呆、致残、肾功能不全、高胆固醇血症、糖尿病、糖耐量减低的发生率明显高于非高血压组。结论 北京市军队干休所80岁以上老年高血压患者中以ISH为主，高血压患病率高，知晓率、服药率及控制率也高，药物治疗以服用钙拮抗剂为主，积极治疗和控制高血压对提高老年患者的生活质量和远期生存率具有重要意义。     

Prevalence and risk factors associated with hypertension in the Chinese Qiang population

Our aim is to investigate the prevalence and risk factors associated with hypertension among the Chinese Qiang population. From September 2012 to March 2013, a cross-sectional study was conducted in urban and rural communities of the Qiang population using multistage cluster sampling. A total of 2676 people aged above 20 years were enrolled in the analysis. Standardized mercury sphygmomanometer was used to measure the blood pressure twice after a 10-minute seated rest, and the average blood pressure was obtained. The hypertension prevalence among the population aged above 20 years was 13.9%, and age-standardized prevalence was 12.3%. Male and female prevalence of hypertension, as well as the prevalence in urban and rural areas, all increased with age. There were no significant differences between males and females and between urban and rural residents. Among hypertensive patients, 44.2% were aware of their hypertension, 38.0% were undergoing antihypertensive treatment, but only 10.5% achieved blood pressure control. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of hypertension included age, low income, overweight and obesity, family history of hypertension. The prevalence of hypertension in Chinese Qiang adults is significantly lower than the national level. Awareness, treatment, and control rates of hypertension were low in the Qiang population. Thus, hypertension-related health knowledge should be more aggressively delivered to improve public awareness and the capacity of community health services should be strengthened.     

Hypertension Prevalence,Awareness, Treatment,and Control in Selected LMIC Communities: Results From the NHLBI/UHG Network of Centers of Excellence for Chronic Diseases

BackgroundHypertension is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease and premature death worldwide. The prevalence of this public health problem is increasing in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in both urban and rural communities.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control in adults 35 to 74 years of age from urban and rural communities in LMICs in Africa, Asia, and South America.MethodsThe authors analyzed data from 7 population-based cross-sectional studies in selected communities in 9 LMICs that were conducted between 2008 and 2013. Age- and sex-standardized prevalence rates of pre-hypertension and hypertension were calculated. The prevalence rates of awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension were estimated overall and by subgroups of age, sex, and educational level.ResultsIn selected communities, age- and sex-standardized prevalence rates of hypertension among men and women 35 to 74 years of age were 49.9% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 42.3% to 57.4%) in Kenya, 54.9% (95% CI: 51.3% to 58.4%) in South Africa, 52.5% (95% CI: 50.1% to 54.8%) in China, 32.5% (95% CI: 31.7% to 33.3%) in India, 42.3% (95% CI: 40.4% to 44.2%) in Pakistan, 45.4% (95% CI: 43.6% to 47.2%) in Argentina, 39.9% (95% CI: 37.8% to 42.1%) in Chile, 19.2% (95% CI: 17.8% to 20.5%) in Peru, and 44.1% (95% CI: 41.6% to 46.6%) in Uruguay. The proportion of awareness varied from 33.5% in India to 69.0% in Peru, the proportion of treatment among those who were aware of their hypertension varied from 70.8% in South Africa to 93.3% in Pakistan, and the proportion of blood pressure control varied from 5.3% in China to 45.9% in Peru.ConclusionsThe prevalence of hypertension varies widely in different communities. The rates of awareness, treatment, and control also differ in different settings. There is a clear need to focus on increasing hypertension awareness and control in LMICs.     

辽宁省大洼县农村地区高血压患病现状

目的评估辽宁省大洼县农村地区高血压患者的知晓、治疗和控制现状,为开展有效的防控措施提供依据。方法 2008年9月至11月,按照分层、整群、随机抽样的原则,随机抽取了大洼县84个村35岁以上农村居民共22 559人,对其开展了高血压知晓、治疗和控制现状方面的筛查和评估。结果大洼县农村地区高血压患病粗率为38.0%,知晓率为45.6%,治疗率为27.8%,控制率为6.9%,接受治疗的高血压患者控制率仅为12.6%。结论大洼县农村地区高血压患病率高,知晓率、治疗率和控制率低,急需建立有效的高血压综合干预策略。     

Prevalence and management of hypertension among Turkish, Moroccan and native Dutch ethnic groups in Amsterdam, the Netherlands: The Amsterdam Health Monitor Survey

OBJECTIVE: To assess ethnic differences in the prevalence and management of hypertension among Turkish, Moroccan and native Dutch ethnic groups in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. DESIGN: A cross-sectional survey. PARTICIPANTS: A random sample of 1304 adults aged 18 years and over. Of these, 39.2% were Dutch, 33.2% were Turkish and 27.6% were Moroccan. RESULTS: The prevalence of hypertension was lower in Turkish (men 25.8% and women 22.2%) and Moroccan (men 26.1% and women 19.6%) than in Dutch individuals (men 48.8% and women 35.0%). Except for Turkish women, these differences persisted after adjustment for age and body mass index: the odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for being hypertensive were 0.47 (0.30-0.74; P < 0.001) for Turkish men, 0.48 (0.30-0.76; P < 0.001) for Moroccan men and 0.51 (0.28-0.94; P = 0.03) for Moroccan women. Only Moroccan hypertensive women were less likely than Dutch women to be aware of their condition 0.31 (0.11-0.81; P < 0.01) and to be treated 0.32 (0.12-0.88; P < 0.01) for hypertension. There were no differences in hypertension control between the ethnic groups in both men and women. CONCLUSION: The lower prevalence of hypertension among Moroccan men may contribute to the low cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality reported among this group in the Netherlands. The differential risks in CVD mortality between Moroccan men and women may partly result from the lower hypertension awareness and treatment rates in Moroccan women. Strategies aimed at improving the detection and treatment of hypertension among Moroccan women may improve the sex disparity in cardiovascular mortality between Moroccan men and women in the Netherlands.     

Regional and Sex Differences in the Prevalence and Awareness of Hypertension: An H3Africa AWI-Gen Study Across 6 Sites in Sub-Saharan Africa

BackgroundThere is a high prevalence of hypertension and related cardiovascular diseases in sub-Saharan Africa, yet few large studies exploring hypertension in Africa are available. The actual burden of disease is poorly understood and awareness and treatment to control it is often suboptimal.ObjectivesThe study sought to report the prevalence of measured hypertension and to assess awareness and control of blood pressure among older adults in rural and urban settings in 6 sites located in West, East, and Southern Africa. In addition, we examined regional, sex, and age differences related to hypertension.MethodsA population-based cross-sectional study was performed at 6 sites in 4 African countries: Burkina Faso (Nanoro), Ghana (Navrongo), Kenya (Nairobi), and South Africa (Agincourt, Dikgale, Soweto). Blood pressure measurements were taken using standardized procedures on 10,696 adults 40 to 60 years of age. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg or taking antihypertensive medication.ResultsThe mean prevalence of hypertension ranged from 15.1% in Nanoro to 54.1% in Soweto. All 3 of the South African sites had a mean prevalence of hypertension of over 40.0%, significantly higher than in Nairobi (25.6%) and Navrongo (24.5%). Prevalence increased with age in both sexes and at all sites. A significantly higher prevalence of hypertension was observed in women in Agincourt, Dikgale, and Nairobi, whereas in Nanoro this trend was reversed. Within the hypertensive group the average proportion of participants who were aware of their blood pressure status was only 39.4% for men and 53.8% for women, and varied widely across sites.ConclusionsOur study demonstrates that the prevalence of hypertension and the level of disease awareness differ not only between but also within sub-Saharan African countries. Each nation must tailor their regional hypertension awareness and screening programs to match the characteristics of their local populations.     

网络信息化管理对提高基层医师高血压诊治水平及社区高血压防治效果评价

目的评价网络信息化管理对提高基层医师高血压诊治能力以及社区高血压防治效果的作用。方法以《中国高血压防治指南》为依据制定了《高血压社区综合干预信息化管理规范》(简称《规范》),根据此方案建立信息化管理网络。于2007—2010年,对干预组医务人员进行网络跟踪临床指导,对干预组≥35岁居民实施全人群分类及高血压分级管理、综合干预,评价其干预效果。结果干预组运用专家网络跟踪指导模式培训社区医师,3年后高血压知识和病例诊治能力均明显提高,平均总分由47.3提高到78.1(P<0.05);干预组实施高血压社区信息化管理后效果显著(P<0.05):全人群管理率由36.0%提高至63.1%;人群收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)分别下降5.5 mmHg和1.7 mmHg;一、二、三级高血压管理级别比例变化明显,一级管理的比例由干预前67.2%提高至93.8%,二级、三级管理的比例由干预前19.8%、11.8%下降到5.3%、1.9%;高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率分别由58.7%、48.5%、33.4%提高到89.7%、77.0%和72.6%;不良生活方式及行为有所改善,人群吸烟率、饮酒率、饮食偏咸以及少运动比例由19.7%、24.3%、23.5%、74.2%下降至14.5%、17.5%、15.5%、34.1%;心脑血管病急性事件发病、死亡率呈下降趋势。与对照组比较有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论网络信息化管理能有效提高社区医师的诊治能力和社区高血压防治效果。     

Prevalence and therapeutic control of hypertension in French Caribbean regions

OBJECTIVE: To describe characteristics of hypertension in French Caribbean regions. DESIGN: A cross-sectional worksite study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: A random sample of 6136 workers referred for annual check-up from Martinique, French Guyana and Guadeloupe. An average of three consecutive measurements was taken as the blood pressure (BP) level. An additional visit was required in subjects not taking antihypertensive medications with an average BP over 140/90 mmHg. INTERVENTIONS: None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment and control. RESULTS: The age-specific prevalence of hypertension, based on two visits, increased from 3.2% in men below 30 years to 46.9% in those older than 50 years. The corresponding values found in women were 1.8 and 42.6%. The overall prevalence was 19.5% in men and 18.9% in women. The rate of awareness remained low while age increased. The use of antihypertensive medications slowly increased with age, but overall the rate remained lower in men compared with women. Up to 71% of hypertensive women received antihypertensive medications. Compared with previous studies, a high proportion of adequately treated patients was found among women (44.9%). Only 30.4% of hypertensive men were treated, and as a result the control rate was lower (13.3%). CONCLUSION: Major sex-related differences are found in the control of high BP, with an unexpected high rate observed among Caribbean women. Better awareness and higher treatment rates play an important role in explaining such results. This may be important, especially in developing countries, where poor control of hypertension is a major cause of cardiovascular diseases.