负压引流技术辅助胫腓骨三度开放性骨折一期清创内固定术的疗效

目的探讨创面封闭负压闭式引流技术(VSD)辅助胫腓骨三度开放性骨折一期清创内固定的临床效果。方法对本院收治的17例胫腓骨开放性骨折伴软组织广泛损伤及污染的患者通过急诊创面清创,骨折行一期钢板或交锁髓内钉内固定后,创面采用封闭负压引流技术辅助治疗,术后创面持续负压吸引5～7天拆除或更换负压装置,创面肉芽组织生长良好后植皮或皮瓣修复。结果 17例患者随访6～9月,无创伤性骨髓炎发生。其中行1次VSD治疗后行二期植皮全部成活的有8例;行2次VSD治疗后植皮全部成活8例,行3次VSD治疗后植皮全部成活1例。结论 VSD能有效控制创面感染,并能促进肉芽组织良好生长,为胫腓骨三度开放性骨折一期内固定提供可靠保障,同时减轻患者痛苦及治疗费用,总体临床疗效显著,值得推广应用。     

VSD在修复烧伤创面中的作用

目的：探讨负压封闭引流技术（ Vacuum Sealing Drainage ,VSD）在烧伤创面的临床应用。方法：选取20例烧伤患者,手术清创后创面采用VSD吸引,7～10天后去除VSD敷料,创面游离植皮。结果：20例患者中,18例经VSD引流后创面植皮全部成活,2例经2次VSD治疗后植皮覆盖创面。结论：VSD技术可有效促进烧伤创面的愈合。     

VSD负压封闭引流治疗四肢软组织严重创伤的临床观察

目的：探讨持续封闭负压引流（vacuum sealing drainage,VSD）技术治疗四肢皮肤及软组织严重创伤的临床效果。方法：对我院2008年3月—2010年5月临床收治的28例四肢软组织严重创伤患者行手术清创,应用持续封闭负压引流敷料覆盖创面,吸引器持续吸引治疗后,拆除敷料行二期植皮或皮瓣转移术。结果：20例患者一次使用VSD治疗二期植皮或皮瓣转移一次性成活,8例患者行两次VSD治疗后植皮全部成活。结论：VSD技术能明显促进创面肉芽生长,帮助控制创面感染,有效解决深部组织的临时覆盖,为最终关闭创面创造良好条件,是治疗四肢严重软组织损伤创面安全有效的方法。     

负压封闭引流术在急诊治疗四肢软组织严重创伤的疗效观察

目的探讨持续负压封闭引流技术(VSD)在治疗四肢软组织严重创伤的临床效果。方法对该院2009年6月至2010年12月42例四肢软组织严重创伤患者行手术清创,采用持续VSD敷料覆盖创面,5～7d拆除敷料。必要时再次行VSD治疗,Ⅱ期植皮。结果 30例患者VSD 1次治疗后Ⅱ期植皮或皮瓣转移成活,12例患者VSD 2次治疗后Ⅱ期植皮全部成活。结论 VSD治疗能促进创面的肉芽生长、控制创面感染、有效临时覆盖深部组织,给创面的最终关闭提供良好条件,是一种治疗四肢软组织严重创伤的安全有效方法。     

VSD联合游离皮片植皮治疗糖尿病足感染的应用效果研究

目的:评价VSD(vacuum sealing drainage)封闭负压引流技术联合自体游离皮片植皮对于糖尿病足感染创面的治疗效果.方法:入选糖尿病足创面感染患者88例,43例给予传统治疗,45例患者给予一期局部清创、VSD治疗、二期植皮,即在常规抗感染、改善循环、换药及外科清创的基础上,给予VSD封闭负压引流,待感染创面有肉芽覆盖时,根据感染创面的大小、部位,从自体取刃厚或薄中厚皮片,采用邮票状植皮或打包法植皮,用无菌纱布并加压包扎,保证移植皮片与创面肉芽组织紧密接触.结果:45例试验组患者,39例植皮后全部皮片成活,6例部分皮片为成活,经过无菌换药及补植后,创面愈合.平均住院时间(22±5)d.出院后随访78例,1例电话更换联系不上.随访时间3个月～24个月,平均13个月.其中2例患者发生溃疡复发,余42患者能独立或借助助行器、拐杖站立、行走.结论:VSD联合游离皮片植皮是治疗糖尿病足感染创面的有效方法,值得临床应用推广.     

MEEK植皮技术在修复大面积深度烧伤创面中的应用

目的探讨应用MEEK植皮技术修复大面积深度烧伤创面的效果和适应症。方法应用MEEK植皮技术修复的12例大面积深度烧伤创面患者进行回顾性分析,其中48 h内来院并早期行MEEK植皮手术患者7例,3~7 d由外院转来患者5例。结果本组12例患者全部成活,其中1次MEEK植皮创面完全愈合6例;MEEK植皮成活率>70%4例,成活率<50%及成活率<30%各1例。成活率不佳的主要原因均为感染。结论应用MEEK植皮技术修复大面积深度烧伤创面的疗效确实,但有一定适应症,在临床工作中需要选择合适的病例施行。     

负压引流治疗四肢大面积软组织缺损的护理

目的 探索负压封闭引流治疗四肢大面积软组织缺损的护理.方法 对31例应用VSD疗四肢大面积软组织缺损创面的患者进行护理观察.结果 31例患者行负压吸引平均使用9天,创面感染控制、肉芽组织生长良好,行游离植皮闭合创面,植皮全部成活.结论 手术后保持持续稳定的负压吸引是护理工作的关键.     

封闭负压引流技术在皮肤软组织缺损骨外露的治疗

目的探讨负压封闭引流（VSD）技术在治疗皮肤软组织缺损骨外露中的I临床作用。方法2008年12月-2010年5月采用VSD技术结合二期创面手术治疗16例足踝部、小腿皮肤软组织缺损骨外露的患者．创面范围3cm×2cm-8cm×6cm之间。结果3例患者应用一次VSD肉芽组织生长充分、新鲜,创面缩小,周围组织爬行封闭伤口：12例2-3次VSD治疗后,行全厚、游离植皮后全部一次成活。1例第一次VSD后出现感染,经历4次清创及VSD技术后,游离植皮封闭伤13,术后无并发症发生。16例患者术后获6-12个月（平均1．3个月）随访,植皮均成活,皮瓣弹性、色泽良好,修复肢体功能良好。结论封闭负压吸引胫骨骨外露能够有效促进肉芽组织生长,并将其完全覆盖。无一例发生创面感染。游离植皮表面再次使用VSD敷料覆盖后,植皮存活率100％,存活面积在95％～100％之间。结论VSD技术能充分引流和刺激创面肉芽组织快速生长、缩短治愈时间,是治疗皮肤软组织缺损骨外露的一种简便、有效方法。     

封闭式负压引流技术在四肢创伤严重感染创面中的应用

目的：探讨封闭式负压引流技术治疗四肢创伤严重感染创面的临床疗效。方法：对我科收治48例四肢创伤严重感染创面患者,行手术扩创早期结合VSD治疗,创口感染控制良好,2期采用皮瓣或游离植皮治疗,所有患者随访均持续3个月以上,最长24个月,平均1年。结果：10例创面无骨外露采用中厚皮片游离植皮修复,38例患者创面有骨外露,2期采用带血管蒂皮瓣修复,供区游离植皮修复创面,皮瓣、植皮全部成活。结论：封闭式负压引流能较好清除创面的分泌物和坏死组织,刺激肉芽生长,有助于控制创面感染,创面均愈合良好,肢体外观和功能满意,临床疗效显著。     

VSD负压密封引流技术在四肢软组织严重创伤治疗中的应用

目的探讨持续封闭负压引流（vacuum-sealing drainage,VSD）技术治疗四肢皮肤及软组织严重创伤治疗的临床效果。方法对2007年9月至2009年10月临床收治的13例复杂创伤性皮肤软组织缺损行手术清创,应用持续封闭负压引流敷料覆盖创面,吸引器持续吸引治疗7～10d后,拆除敷料行二期植皮或皮瓣转移术。结果13例患者中11例患者一次使用VSD治疗后行二期植皮或皮瓣转移术全部成活;2例患者行两次VSD治疗后植皮全部成活。结论VSD能彻底清除创面的分泌物和坏死组织,刺激肉芽生长,减少创面感染,明显缩短创伤性皮肤软组织缺损的治疗时间,疗效显著。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.