Posterior lumbar interbody fusion with an autogenous iliac crest bone graft in the treatment of pyogenic spondylodiscitis

There are few reports on the treatment of pyogenic lumbar spondylodiscitis through the posterior approach using a single incision. Between October 1999 and March 2003 we operated on 18 patients with pyogenic lumbar spondylodiscitis. All underwent posterior lumbar interbody fusion using an autogenous bone graft from the iliac crest and pedicle screws via a posterior approach. The clinical outcome was assessed using the Frankel neurological classification and the criteria of Kirkaldy-Willis. Under the Frankel classification, two patients improved by two grades (C to E), 11 by one grade, and five showed no change. The Kirkaldy-Willis functional outcome was excellent in five patients, good in ten and fair in three. Bony union was confirmed six months after surgery in 17 patients, but in one patient this was not achieved until two years after operation. The mean lordotic angle before operation was 20 degrees (-2 degrees to 42 degrees ) and the mean lordotic angle at the final follow-up was 32.5 degrees (17 degrees to 44 degrees ). Two patients had a superficial wound infection and two a transient root injury. Posterior lumbar interbody fusion with an autogenous iliac crest bone graft and pedicle screw fixation via a posterior approach can provide satisfactory results in pyogenic spondylodiscitis.     

颈椎结核的手术适应证选择与疗效评价

目的 探讨颈椎结核的手术适应证选择并分析其疗效。方法本组11例颈椎结核患者,男8例,女3例,平均年龄50岁。2例为寰枢椎结核,9例为下颈椎结核。神经功能：2例寰枢椎结核,Frankel D级、E级各1例。9例下颈椎结核,Frankel C级2例,D级2例,E级5例。采用两种手术方式．a）行前路病灶清除内固定植骨融合术7例：b）行后路内固定植骨融合、前路病灶清除植骨融合术4例。结果平均随访24个月,影像学检查示所有结核病灶均骨性融合,无局部病灶复发。神经功能：1例为FrankCD级的寰枢椎结核,末次随访时为Frankel E级。下颈椎结核中,2例Frankel C级,2例D级,末次随访时均为E级。结论颈椎结核手术适应证选择恰当,可实现治愈结核、维持颈椎稳定性及恢复神经功能。     

Spinal fractures in patients with ankylosing spondylitis

Thirty-one consecutive patients with ankylosing spondylitis and spinal fractures were reviewed. There were 6 women and 25 men with a mean age of 60±11 years; 19 had cervical and 12 had thoracolumbar injuries. Of the patients with cervical fracture, two had an additional cervical fracture and one had an additional thoracic fracture. Three trauma mechanisms were identified: high-energy trauma in 13 patients, low-energy trauma in 13 and insufficiency fracture in 5. One-third of the patients suffered immediate neurological impairment, a further one-third developed neurological impairment before coming for treatment and only one-third remained intact. Two patients with thoracolumbar fractures had deteriorated neurologically due to displacements during surgery at other hospitals. All patients were treated operatively except the two patients with two-level cervical fractures, who were managed in halo vests. In the cervical spine both anterior and posterior approaches were employed. In the thoracolumbar spine the majority of the patients were initially treated using a posterior approach only. Complications were common. Of the 27 patients with neurological compromise, 10 had remained unchanged; 12 had improved one Frankel grade; 4 had improved by two Frankel grades; 1 had improved by four Frankel grades. We conclude that even minor trauma can cause fracture in an ankylosed spine. A high proportion of patients with spinal fractures and ankylosing spondylitis have neurological damage. The risk of late neurological deterioration is substantial. As the condition is very rare and the treatment is demanding and associated with a very high risk of complications, the treatment of these patients should be centralised in special spinal trauma units. A combined approach that stabilises the spine from both sides is probably beneficial.     

Anterior decompression and fusion for multiple thoracic disc herniation

Multiple thoracic disc herniations are rare and there are few reports in the literature. Between December 1998 and July 2002, we operated on 12 patients with multiple thoracic disc herniations. All underwent an anterior decompression and fusion through a transthoracic approach. The clinical outcomes were assessed using the Frankel neurological classification and the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score. Under the Frankel classification, two patients improved by two grades (C to E), one patient improved by one grade (C to D), while nine patients who had been classified as grade D did not change. The JOA scores improved significantly after surgery with a mean recovery rate of 44.8% +/- 24.5%. Overall, clinical outcomes were excellent in two patients, good in two, fair in six and unchanged in two. Our results indicate that anterior decompression and fusion for multiple thoracic disc herniations through a transthoracic approach can provide satisfactory results.     

后路减压加短节段椎弓根螺钉系统内固定治疗胸腰椎骨折并脊髓损伤

目的探讨脊柱后入路减压加短节段椎弓根螺钉系统内固定治疗胸腰椎骨折并不全瘫的效果。方法对27例胸腰椎骨折进行后路减压、植骨及Dick、RF内固定治疗。结果术后平均随访时间为11个月(6～20个月),脊柱后凸角度(Cobb’s角)由术前的24°平均恢复到10°(5°～15°);伤椎椎体前缘高度由术前35%(10%～60%)平均恢复到90%(80%～100%)。按Frankel脊髓神经功能分级标准D级19例,E级8例。结论后入路减压加短节段椎弓根螺钉系统内固定具有手术操作简单、损伤小、椎管减压充分等优点,有利于脊髓功能的恢复。     

中上胸椎骨折脱位的临床特点及手术治疗

目的探讨中上胸椎骨折脱位的临床特点及后路手术治疗。方法中上胸椎骨折脱位15例(骨折累及前方椎体共28个),均伴有不同程度脱位。AO分型:B型10例,C型5例。完全性瘫痪7例,不完全性瘫痪8例。手术均采用后路复位植骨内固定,固定节段为5~10节,根据脊髓受压情况进行后路椎管内减压。结果经X线复查,有1例复位欠佳,经6~24个月的随访,内固定无松动断裂,后路植骨已融合。FrankelA级7例中有2例恢复至B级,1例恢复至C级,FrankelB~D级8例中都有1~2级的恢复。结论中上胸椎骨折脱位的临床特点骨折累及节段多,脱位发生率高,脊髓损伤严重。对于此类患者后路减压、复位、植骨内固定术可以取得较好的效果。     

Neurological recovery and its influencing factors in thoracic and lumbar spine fractures after surgical decompression and stabilization

Surgical decompression and internal fixation of the injured spine have become standard procedures in the management of thoracic and lumbar spine fractures, but their effectiveness on neurological recovery remains controversial. We report on 169 consecutive patients with thoracic and lumbar spine fractures who were treated by reduction, fusion, and internal fixation using transpedicular screw-rod systems. Open decompression was carried out in 67 (39.6%) of them, including all 42 patients (25%) who presented with initial neurological deficits. At least 8 months following surgery, 30 (71%) had neurologically improved by one to three grades on the Frankel scale. Thirteen (59%) out of 22 patients whose initial deficits had been classified as motor useless (Frankel grades A to C) could walk, at least with support. Thirteen out of 20 patients with posttraumatic deficit Frankel D (motor useful) improved to full recovery (Frankel E). In six (3.6%) patients (all from the group of the 127 patients without initial neurological deficits), permanent slight postoperative neurological impairment of one Frankel grade (E to D) was seen, among them two (1.2%) with new minor motor deficit. Neurological outcome was significantly better (p<0.01) in patients operated upon within the first 24 h after injury than in those who underwent surgery later. Severity of injury also had a negative influence (p<0.001) on neurological recovery. Analysis suggests that there may be significant neurological improvement in patients treated surgically very early.     

全椎板截骨再植椎管扩大成形术治疗胸椎黄韧带骨化症

目的总结胸椎黄韧带骨化症导致胸椎椎管狭窄的影像学特点，探讨改良椎管减压术的临床疗效。方法胸椎黄韧带骨化症31例，男18例，女13例；年龄26—73岁，平均45．7岁。术前均行MR、CT检查以明确诊断。合并颈椎管狭窄3例、腰椎管狭窄5例，颈胸腰椎管狭窄同时存在者2例；合并胸椎后纵韧带骨化和椎间盘突出症9例。单节段3例，双节段12例，三节段11例，四节段以上5例。局限型6例，连续型17例，跳跃型8例。共94个病变节段，其中上胸段(T1～T4)23个节段、中胸段(T5～T8)19个节段、下胸段(T9-T12)52个节段。手术采用全椎板截骨原位再植椎管扩大成形术。对9例合并胸椎后纵韧带骨化和椎间盘突出者，在后方减压的同时，行切除椎管前方突出椎间盘的环脊髓减压及后路钉棒系统内固定。术后疗效评价参照Epstein标准。结果24例患者随访6—63个月，平均15个月。术后疗效优14例、良7例、可3例，优良率87．5％。1例因术后停用脱水药物过早引起下肢瘫痪症状加重；2例出现下肢静脉血栓；2例硬脊膜撕裂。结论MR结合CT检查是诊断胸椎黄韧带骨化症最有效的手段，全椎板截骨再植椎管扩大成形术安全可靠，疗效满意。     

Odontoid fractures: high complication rate associated with anterior screw fixation in the elderly

This study is a retrospective analysis of patients older than ¶65 years with odontoid fractures. The series consisted of 29 consecutive patients with odontoid fractures (18 women, mean age 78, range 66–99 years). Twenty-six patients were neurologically intact, Frankel E, whereas three had neurological symptoms: two Frankel D and one Frankel C. Eleven patients were treated with anterior screw fixation according to Böhler, seven with a posterior C1–C2 fusion. Ten patients with either minimally displaced ¶fractures or with complicating medical conditions were treated conservatively. At follow-up, 7/7 patients with posterior fusion had healed without any problems, whereas ¶8/11 patients treated with anterior screw fixation, and 7/10 conservatively treated patients were either failures or had healed, but after a complicated course of events. We conclude that anterior screw fixation according to Böhler is associated with an unacceptably high rate of problems in the elderly. Probable causes may be osteoporosis with comminution at the fracture site, or stiffness of the cervical spine preventing ideal positioning of the screws. As non-operative treatment also often fails, the method of choice seems to be posterior C1–C2 fusion.     

Posterior compact Cotrel-Dubousset instrumentation for occipitocervical, cervical and cervicothoracic fusion

The authors report on 32 consecutive patients with instability at the craniocervical, cervical and cervicothoracic regions suffering from various pathologies, who were treated with posterior instrumentation and fusion using the posterior hooks-rods-plate cervical compact Cotrel-Dubousset (CCD) instrumentation alone or, in three patients, in combination with anterior operation. The patients were observed postoperatively for an average of 31 months (range 25-44 months) and evaluated both clinically and radiographically using the following parameters: spine anatomy and reconstruction, sagittal profile, neurologic status, functional level, complications and status of arthrodesis. All patients but one (who died) achieved a solid arthrodesis based on plain and flexion/extension roentgenograms. Cervical lordosis (skull-C7) and cervicothoracic kyphosis (C7-T2) was improved by instrumentation towards a physiological lateral curve by an average of 33% (P<0.05) and 28% (P<0.05) respectively. Anterior vertebral olisthesis was reduced in the craniocervical and cervicothoracic region, by 73% and 90% respectively. At final follow-up there was an improvement of the neurologic Frankel status by an average of 1.2 grades and of myelopathy in 75% of the operated patients. Good to excellent functional results were seen in 77% of the operated patients, while acute and chronic pain was reduced by an average of 2.4 grades, on a scale of 0-3, in operated patients. No neurovascular or pulmonary complications arose from surgery. There was no significant change in lateral spine profile and olisthesis at the latest follow-up evaluation. There were no instrument-related failures. One patient requested hardware removal in the hope of reducing postoperative pain in the cervicothoracic region. The poor and fair results were related to the lack of improvement of neurologic impairment and myelopathy. The results of this study demonstrate that cervical CCD instrumentation applied in the region of the skull to the upper thoracic region for various disorders is a simple and safe instrumentation that restores lateral spine alignment, improves the potential for a solid fusion and offers sufficient functional results in the vast majority of the operated patients. However, the use of hooks in spinal stenosis is contraindicated.     

Ⅰ期前后联合手术入路治疗严重下颈椎骨折脱位

目的探讨一期前后联合手术入路治疗严重下颈椎骨折脱位合并脊髓损伤的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2003年6月～2008年6月一期前后联合手术复位、减压和内固定治疗76例严重下颈椎骨折脱位合并脊髓损伤的患者。对手术时间、术中出血量、术中术后并发症和术后神经功能恢复情况等进行分析。结果76例患者术后随访6～28个月,平均12个月,术后神经功能评价按Frankel分级,均有1～2个级别恢复,术前A级10例,B级24例,C级31例,D级11例;术后A级4例,B级8例,C级27例,D级24例,E级13例。植骨均在6个月获得骨性融合。本组未出现内固定断裂、松动及脱出,无血管、神经、食道损伤等并发症。结论严重下颈椎骨折脱位选择I期前后路联合手术可完全恢复颈椎序列,椎管前后方压迫得到彻底解除,损伤节段术后获得即刻稳定,能够获得较好的脊髓功能恢复和骨性融合。     

选择性减压椎间融合器植骨治疗老年多节段颈椎病

目的:探讨选择性减压椎间融合器植骨治疗老年多节段颈椎病的可行性。方法:对46例年龄>60岁多节段颈椎病患者进行颈前路选择性减压、椎间融合器植骨融合内固定术后的疗效进行回顾分析。结果:术前该组病例JOA评分在6～13,平均9.2分。术后1个月该组病例JOA评分为7～16分,平均为15.3分,平均改善率为42.3％;术后3个月JOA评分为7～17分,平均改善率为54.4％;44例患者随访6～24个月,平均14.3个月,JOA评分为8～17分,平均改善率为65.3％。依据平林冽法评定其中优12例(27.2％),良18例(45.4％),可10例(22.7％),差4例(4.7)％。结论:选择性减压治疗老年多节段颈椎病有较好的疗效,以椎间融合器行椎间融合固定具有创伤小、固定节段少等优点,是治疗高龄多节段颈椎病的可选方法。     

Laminar and Arch Fractures with Dural Tear and Nerve Root Entrapment in Patients Operated upon for Thoracic and Lumbar Spine Injuries

Summary Objective: To determine the neurological outcome in patients with laminar fractures associated with dural tears and nerve root entrapment, operated upon for thoracic and lumbar spine injuries. Patient population: Out of 103 patients operated upon consecutively for thoracic and lumbar spine injuries during the period 1990 to 1994 inclusive, 24 (23.3%) patients had laminar fractures out of whom 3 (2.9%) had an associated dural tear and an other 17 (16.5% or 70.8% of the total patients with laminar fractures) had an associated dural tear and nerve root entrapment. Results: Twelve (70.5%) patients had injury at the thoraculumbar junction, 13 (76.5%) had Magerl's type A3 or above, 10 (58.8) had a kyphotic angle deformity greater than 5°. Seven (41.1%) had their spinal canal's sagittal diameter reduced by at least 50% and two had dislocations. Nine (52.9%) had initial neurological deficits. Four (50%) out of 8 patients with no initial neurological deficits (Frankel E) worsened to Frankel D. However, one patient among the 3 with initial Frankel A improved to Frankel C while both patients with initial Frankel C usefully improved to final Frankel grades D and E respectively. Two of the four patients with initial Frankel D improved to Frankel E, the other 2 remaining unchanged. All in all five patients' neurological status improved, 4 worsened and 8 remained unchanged after neurosurgical treatment. Conclusions: Vertical laminar fractures with dural tears and nerve root entrapment represent a special group of thoracic and lumbar spine injuries that carry a poor prognosis. However, special operative precautions lead to significant improvement in some of them although a majority remain unchanged or even worsened.     

后路病灶清除、椎体间融合及器械内固定术治疗胸腰椎结核性脊柱炎

目的探讨后路病灶清除、椎体间融合及器械内固定术治疗结核性脊柱炎的安全性和有效性。方法 17例胸腰椎结核患者接受后路病灶清除、椎体间融合和椎弓根钉固定术。采用Frankel神经功能分级和Kirkaldy-Willis标准来判断疗效,测量术前和术后Cobb角的变化。结果术后随访时间12～66个月。随访期内无结核症状加重及手术相关并发症。Frankel分级：术前C级4例恢复至E级2例、D级1例,1例无恢复;术前D级8例恢复至E级7例,1例无恢复。Kirkaldy-Willis标准：优9例,良5例,可3例,优良率为82.4%。后凸角术前3°～23°,末次随访时-6°～11°,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论对病变局限的胸腰椎结核,一期后路病灶清除、椎体间融合后路内固定术能够同时完成病灶清除、稳定脊柱结构,防止矫正损失,是有效的手术方法。     

老年脊柱结核的手术治疗

目的 探讨老年脊柱结核患者的围手术期特点、手术入路及手术治疗效果.方法 回顾性分析2002年4月至2007年5月收治的45例老年胸腰椎结核患者的临床资料.男26例,女19例;平均年龄为67(61～78)岁.单个椎体破坏8例,两个椎体破坏27例,三个或三个以上椎体破坏10例.病程1～8个月,平均4.5个月.部位:胸椎(T2～T10)9例,胸腰段(T11～2)14例,腰椎(L3、L4)16例,腰骶段(L5、S1)6例.Frankel分级:B级7例,C级21例,D级11例,E级6例.45例患者均合并一种或多种其他疾病,其中21例合并心脑血管疾病,10例合并糖尿病.术前对这些患者进行合理治疗,术后随访.术前均行抗结核治疗2～3周.T2～T7椎体结核采用经后路病灶清除植骨融合、后路钉-棒系统内固定术,腰骶段椎体结核采用后路椎弓根螺钉固定加前路结核病灶清除髂骨植骨融合术,其余采用一期前路结核病灶清除加植骨内固定手术.45例患者均获得随访,随访时间24～40个月,平均28.5个月.结果 所有患者术中及住院期间无死亡及严重并发症发生.44例治愈,1例复发.植骨于12～18个月内均获融合.Frankel分级明显改善,B级1例,C级6例,D级11例,E级27例.结论 围手术期对并存疾病进行有效处理后,老年脊柱结核患者可以耐受手术治疗.如手术入路选择合理,病灶清除、内固定并植骨融合术可以提供足够的稳定性和较好的疗效.

Abstract：

Objective To discuss perioperative features, operative approach and surgical effects of spinal tuberculosis in older patients. Methods Retrospective analysis was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 45 patients with spinal tuberculosis ranging in age from 61 to 78 years (average, 67 years). The lesion was located in thoracic vertebrae in 9 patients, thoracolumbar vertebrae in 14, lumbar in 16, and lumbosacral in 6. Preoperative Frankel grades were B in 7 cases, C in 21, D in 11 and E in 6. Among them, 21 had cardio-cerebrovascular disease, 10 had diabetes mellitus. With preoperative medicine and chemotherapy for 2-3 weeks, all patients were treated surgically. The surgical procedures included: 1) Posterior focus debridement, bone grafting and one-stage posterior transpedicular screw system fixation in thoracic vertebrae (T2-T7). 2) Anterior debridement, bone grafting and one-stage posterior transpedicular instrumental fixation in lumbosacral vertebrae (L5-S1). 3) Anterior focus elimination, bone grafting and one-stage anterior plate fixation in the other vertebrae. Results Forty-five patients were followed up for 24 to 40 months, with the average of 28.5 months. No severe complication occurred during and after operation. Forty-four cases had recovered and 1 recurred. Spinal fusion occurred 12-18 months after operation. Frankel neurological grades improved significantly. Conclusion With the effective management of comorbidities in perioperative period,the elderly could tolerate surgical treatment. The appropriate approaches, thorough debridement and reasonable bone grafting with internal fixation are key to therapeutic success.     

后路减压固定治疗伴椎间盘突出的下颈椎骨折脱位

目的 探讨经后路减压复位椎弓根螺钉固定治疗伴椎间盘突出的下颈椎骨折脱位的疗效。方法 对2009年6月至2012年9月采用经后路减压复位椎弓根螺钉固定治疗伴椎间盘突出的下颈椎骨折脱位18例病例进行回顾性分析。结果 所有手术均顺利完成,共置入椎弓根螺钉88枚,平均手术时间为2.7 h,平均出血量为400 mL。所有患者均未因神经功能恶化或椎间盘突出而需要再次行前路手术。18例患者术后平均随访15个月。复查X线片、CT片示骨折脱位复位良好,椎间隙高度及颈椎生理弧度得到恢复。末次随访时,除10例Frankel A级患者以外,其余患者Frankel分级提高1～2级。结论 经后路减压复位椎弓根螺钉固定可适用于伴椎间盘突出的下颈椎骨折脱位,后路手术有利于复位,椎弓根螺钉技术具有良好的生物力学稳定性,能有效地恢复和维持颈椎的序列,同时避免了前路手术。     

前路减压内固定术治疗胸腰椎骨折并截瘫

目的探讨前路减压、植骨融合及Kaneda、Z-Plate钢板内固定术在治疗胸腰椎骨折并截瘫中的疗效。方法对51例胸腰椎骨折患者行前路减压、植骨及内固定术,其中,采用Kaneda内固定32例,Z-Plate钢板内固定19例。结果术后随访5个月～8年,其中45例获良好复位,脊柱生理曲线恢复。48例神经功能恢复按Frankel分级提高1～3级。结论Kaneda内固定系统具有前路减压彻底、内固定牢靠及价格便宜等优点,而Z-Plate钢板内固定具有操作简单、稳定性强、合并症少、生物相容性好等特点。     

早期减压Window钢板内固定治疗外伤性颈脊髓损伤

目的探讨早期减压和Window钢板内固定治疗外伤性颈椎骨折脱位脊髓损伤的作用。方法采用Window钢板对38例颈脊髓损伤患者行颈前路减压、取髂骨植骨内固定。本组在伤后24h内手术者12例，伤后24～72h手术者20例，伤后72h～1月手术者6例。患者神经功能根据美国脊髓损伤协会（American Spinal Injury Association，ASIA）损伤系统分级法，其中7例患者为完全性脊髓损伤，31例为不完全性损伤。患者平均年龄是35．5岁（16～69岁），平均随访时间28个月（12～60个月）。结果手术后12个月随访发现38例患者中36例颈前路减压植骨获骨性愈合，植骨融合率是94．7％。术后椎间高度及生理弯曲维持满意，无1例发生内固定器械并发症。24h减压组Frankel分级平均改善1．56级，24～72h减压组Frankel分级平均改善0．82级，72h～1月延迟减压组Frankel分级平均改善0．64级；24h减压组与24～72h减压组和72h～1月延迟减压组比较，有显著差异性（19〈0．05）。结论采用Window钢板对颈椎骨折脱位脊髓损伤患者行颈椎间融合，能充分保证固定节段的稳定性，植骨愈合率高，有效地维护了伤椎椎间高度和生理曲度。研究结果表明早期手术减压将明显改善神经功能，延期减压同样也能获得较好的神经功能结果。我们建议对于颈脊髓不完全损伤神经症状进行性加重的患者应急诊手术减压治疗。     

后路椎板切除、钉棒系统内固定治疗上颈椎椎管内肿瘤

目的 探讨后路椎板切除、钉棒系统内固定及自体髂骨植骨融合术治疗上颈椎椎管内肿瘤的方法及疗效.方法 2003年1月至2008年6月,共收治上颈椎椎管内肿瘤患者16例,男10例,女6例;年龄33～68岁,平均44.7岁.硬膜外肿瘤2例,硬脊膜下脊髓外肿瘤13例,髓内肿瘤1例.肿瘤位于延髓～C1,3例,C1,28例,C2水平2例,C1-3 2例,C2,31例;其中4例肿瘤位于颈髓腹侧.15例患者行CT或MR检查示肿瘤组织压迫脊髓.Frankel分级:C级5例,D级10例,E级1例.采用后路椎板切除肿瘤,同时行钉棒系统内固定及自体髂骨植骨融合术.结果 所有患者术后均获得随访,随访时间6～58个月,平均27.4个月.根据JOA 17分法评分,术前6～17分,平均8.8分;术后6个月14～17分,平均16分,平均改善率88.1%.术后影像学检查示植骨融合良好.Frankel分级:7例由术前的D级恢复至E级,5例由C级恢复至D级,3例D级及1例E级的患者术后未改变.结论 后路椎板切除肿瘤、钉棒系统内固定及植骨融合治疗上颈椎椎管内肿瘤,可彻底切除肿瘤病灶,解除颈脊髓及神经根压迫,重建上颈椎的稳定.     

后路椎板切除、钉棒系统内固定治疗上颈椎椎管内肿瘤

目的 探讨后路椎板切除、钉棒系统内固定及自体髂骨植骨融合术治疗上颈椎椎管内肿瘤的方法及疗效.方法 2003年1月至2008年6月,共收治上颈椎椎管内肿瘤患者16例,男10例,女6例;年龄33～68岁,平均44.7岁.硬膜外肿瘤2例,硬脊膜下脊髓外肿瘤13例,髓内肿瘤1例.肿瘤位于延髓～C1,3例,C1,28例,C2水平2例,C1-3 2例,C2,31例;其中4例肿瘤位于颈髓腹侧.15例患者行CT或MR检查示肿瘤组织压迫脊髓.Frankel分级:C级5例,D级10例,E级1例.采用后路椎板切除肿瘤,同时行钉棒系统内固定及自体髂骨植骨融合术.结果 所有患者术后均获得随访,随访时间6～58个月,平均27.4个月.根据JOA 17分法评分,术前6～17分,平均8.8分;术后6个月14～17分,平均16分,平均改善率88.1%.术后影像学检查示植骨融合良好.Frankel分级:7例由术前的D级恢复至E级,5例由C级恢复至D级,3例D级及1例E级的患者术后未改变.结论 后路椎板切除肿瘤、钉棒系统内固定及植骨融合治疗上颈椎椎管内肿瘤,可彻底切除肿瘤病灶,解除颈脊髓及神经根压迫,重建上颈椎的稳定.