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自1991年4月至2005年3月我们采用改良Manouguian法对7例成人心脏瓣膜病合并主动脉瓣环窄小患者施行了主动脉瓣环扩大、心脏瓣膜替换术,效果良好,现报道如下。  相似文献   

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对23例主动脉瓣及二尖瓣病变者行直视成形手术。引起瓣膜病变的原因:先天性病变5例,风湿性病变18例。术前心功能,Ⅱ级者4例,Ⅲ级者14例,Ⅳ级者5例。术后对20例患者进行随访3~24个月,心脏功能明显改善。  相似文献   

4.
单纯二尖瓣置换术3416例疗效分析   总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18  
目的探讨单纯二尖瓣置换术的近远期疗效。方法复习1978年12月至2003年12月期间施行单纯二尖瓣置换手术3416例的病例和随访资料,统计分析术后近、远期病死率、死亡原因、并发症以及影响疗效的高危因素。结果风湿性二尖瓣病变占91.80%,合并功能性三尖瓣关闭不全或器质性病变达50.32%,合并慢性疾病者为8.92%。手术死亡率为3.25%,主要死因是心力衰竭;总随访时间24735.83病人·年,20年累计生存率为(86.36±0.74)%;晚期病死率为0.84%病人·年,心力衰竭仍是主要死因。血栓栓塞为0.18%病人·年,与抗凝有关出血为0.68%病人·年;手术前心功能IV级、肾功能衰竭、严重感染和多脏器功能衰竭是显著影响手术死亡的高危因素。结论合理选择手术时机、重视三尖瓣关闭不全和心律失常的处理、积极防治风湿病复发有助于改善二尖瓣病变的手术预后。  相似文献   

5.
乳头肌瓣环固定后的二尖瓣置换术   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的 为了提高二尖瓣置换术的疗效和远期效果 ,总结保留二尖瓣瓣下结构以维持动力环完整性的经验。 方法  2 0 0 0年 1月至 2 0 0 2年 2月 ,对 130例心瓣膜置换术患者采用将乳头肌缝合固定于瓣环下的方法 ,并根据二尖瓣主要病变类型将其分为 3组 :二尖瓣关闭不全组 (MI组 )、二尖瓣狭窄组 (MS组 )、主动脉瓣和二尖瓣双瓣膜置换术组 (DVR组 )。术后用二维超声心动图测量升主动脉内径 (AD)、右心室舒张期内径 (RVIDd)、右心房内径(RAD)、左心室舒张期内径 (L VIDd)、左心房内径 (L AD) ,比较各组手术前后的效果。 结果  MI组术后 L VIDd、L AD均较术前明显缩小 (P<0 .0 1) ,RAD与术前比较无明显变化 ;DVR组 RAD、L VIDd、L AD明显缩小 (P<0 .0 1) ;MS组 RVIDd、L AD明显缩小 (P<0 .0 1) ,L VIDd较术前无明显变化。全组住院死亡 1例 ;随访 12 9例 ,死亡 3例 ,其余12 6例术后心功能达 级和 级。 结论 二尖瓣置换术时 ,将左心室乳头肌固定于瓣环下 ,可保持乳头肌瓣环的连续性 ,最大程度地改善心瓣膜置换术后心脏功能。  相似文献   

6.
目的 观察术前无或伴有轻度主动脉瓣反流(aortic valve regurgitation,AR)患者施行二尖瓣置换术后的远期结果,探讨二尖瓣置换术时是否需要同期处理所伴有的轻度AR. 方法 将1999年3月至2004年4月在四川大学华西医院行二尖瓣置换术(术前无或伴轻度AR)并随访5年或5年以上的88例患者纳入研究,按其术前超声心动图检查是否无或伴有轻度AR将患者分为两组,AR组:伴有轻度AR,35例,男7例,女28例;年龄49.26±11.87岁;术前心功能分级(NYHA):Ⅱ级4例,Ⅲ级26例,Ⅳ级5例.无AR组:无AR,53例,男7例,女46例;年龄48.59±10.22岁;术前NYHA:Ⅱ级7例,Ⅲ级39例,Ⅳ级7例.术后定期随访,术后5年完成超声心动图复查.结果 术后随访时间5~9年(6.39±1.26年), 两组患者性别、年龄、术前NYHA 、心律等比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.394,0.841,0.960,0.732).AR组患者术后NYHA构成、左心室射血分数(LVEF)和左心室缩短分数(LVFS)均较术前明显改善及增加(P<0.05);无AR组患者术后NYHA构成及LVEF亦较术前明显改善及增加(P<0.05),而术前、术后的LVFS比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).两组患者术前、术后左室径(LV)、主动脉内径(AO) 比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);AR组术前、术后发生AR的例数比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而无AR组患者术前、术后发生AR的例数差异有统计学意义(P<0.05). 结论 术后5~9年术前伴有轻度AR的二尖瓣置换术患者术前、术后AR构成变化不明显,对二尖瓣置换术患者不需要同期预防性处理所伴有的轻度AR.  相似文献   

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目的总结主动脉瓣环加宽后的主动脉瓣置换术治疗小主动脉瓣环合并主动脉瓣病变患者的临床经验。方法对41例小主动脉瓣环合并主动脉瓣病变患者(瓣环直径为15~21 mm)行主动脉瓣环加宽后的主动脉瓣置换术,主动脉瓣环加宽采用改良N icks法11例,改良M anougn ian法29例,K onno法1例。结果41例患者主动脉瓣环加宽后都可以植入比测量的主动脉瓣环直径大1#或2#的主动脉瓣,无手术死亡。术后所有患者随访4~36个月(13±2个月),无死亡、瓣周漏、二尖瓣反流和主动脉扩张;超声心动图检查示:人工瓣跨瓣峰值压差为9~25mmHg(17±6mmHg),与术前的70~105mmHg(80±15mmHg)比较差别有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论小主动脉瓣环合并主动脉瓣病变患者,在置换主动脉瓣时先行主动脉瓣环加宽,能使患者在术后获得良好的血流动力学效果,是一种安全、有效的手术术式。  相似文献   

8.
风湿性瓣膜病二尖瓣与主动脉瓣置换术1154例长期效果分析   总被引:22,自引:0,他引:22  
Zhang BR  Zou LJ  Xu ZY  Mei J  Wang ZN  Sun DH  Yu WY  Wang LC 《中华外科杂志》2003,41(4):243-246
目的 评价风湿性联合瓣膜病二尖瓣与主动脉瓣双瓣置换术的近期与远期疗效 ,分析影响手术疗效的因素。 方法 回顾性分析 1981年 5月~ 2 0 0 1年 5月 2 0年间 ,115 4例风湿性心脏病患者行双瓣膜置换术的临床资料和长期随访结果 ,其中二尖瓣与主动脉瓣均为狭窄病变者 2 5 3例 ,二尖瓣狭窄合并主动脉瓣关闭不全者 345例 ,二尖瓣关闭不全合并主动脉瓣狭窄者 119例 ,二尖瓣与主动脉瓣均为关闭不全者 437例 ;合并三尖瓣病变的占 5 4 0 0 %( 75 7例 ) ,其中器质性病变 7 2 7%( 84例 ) ,功能性关闭不全 5 8 31%( 6 73例 ) ;合并中度以上肺动脉高压者 339例 ;术前NYHA心功能分级Ⅲ级与Ⅳ级者分别为 873例和 186例。应用侧倾碟瓣或双叶机械瓣施行瓣膜置换术 ,合并三尖瓣功能或器质性病变者 ,同期行瓣膜成形手术。 结果 本组患者术后住院病死率为 6 5 0 %( 75 / 115 4)。早期死亡的主要原因为低心排出量综合征、顽固性心律失常、肾功能或呼吸功能衰竭 ,以及抗凝有关的出血等。长期生存 10 79例 ,随访时间为 8个月~ 2 0年 ,平均随访时间为 4 5 %病人·年。晚期死亡 6 6例 ( 0 39%病人·年 ) ;5、10与 15年累计生存率分别为 ( 89 46± 1 35 ) %、( 86 5 0± 1 91) %与 ( 6 7 86±6 16 ) %。生存的 92 9例患  相似文献   

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目的评价主动脉瓣环扩大联合环上瓣置换术治疗成人小瓣环主动脉瓣狭窄的近中期结果。方法对2007年1月至2011年7月北京安贞医院心外科38例成人小瓣环主动脉瓣狭窄患者行主动脉瓣环扩大后植入环上型人工瓣膜,男12例、女26例,年龄16~58(38.6±21.0)岁,体重48~78(58.5±12.0)kg,身高153~176(162.8±12.0)cm,体表面积(1.67±0.32)m2。风湿性主动脉瓣狭窄19例,先天性主动脉瓣二叶瓣畸形合并狭窄11例,主动脉瓣退行性钙化伴狭窄5例,主动脉瓣狭窄合并感染性心内膜炎3例。入院时心功能分级(NYHA)Ⅱ级8例,Ⅲ级29例,Ⅳ级1例。主动脉瓣环内径15~20(17.6±2.8)mm,平均跨瓣压差53~75(62.8±10.5)mm Hg。结果体外循环时间83~145(112±29)min,升主动脉阻断时间58~116(87±28)min,手术中测瓣器测得主动脉瓣环径15~20(17.3±2.6)mm,扩大瓣环后测瓣器测得瓣环径20~25(22.6±2.3)mm,主动脉瓣环周径增加12~17(14.0±2.6)mm,植入瓣膜增加2~3个标号。无围手术期死亡,无出血等严重并发症。住ICU时间12~41(26±14)h,总住院时间9~15(12.5±3.2)d。37例(97.4%)门诊随访2年以上,所有患者心功能分级(NYHA)Ⅰ级,3例主动脉瓣听诊区存在2/6级收缩期杂音。35例心电图显示左心室肥厚心电图表现显著改善或消失,2例表现为左心室轻度肥厚劳损,无明显心肌缺血表现,无室性心律失常及严重房室传导阻滞。结论主动脉瓣环扩大联合环上瓣置换术治疗成人小瓣环主动脉瓣狭窄近中期效果满意,远期结果有待进一步随访。  相似文献   

10.
风湿性心脏病二尖瓣和主动脉瓣胶原变化的研究   总被引:5,自引:2,他引:5  
目的:研究风湿性心脏病二尖瓣和主动脉瓣瓣膜胶原含量及其类型对瓣膜成形术病例选择的影响。方法:采用羟脯氨酸法测定瓣膜胶原含量的变化,并用十二烷基磺酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)分离法测定心瓣膜胶原的类型。结果:正常二尖瓣腱索的胶原含量较瓣叶高*(P<0.01),主动脉瓣胶原含量较二尖瓣低(P<0.01),风湿性心脏病患者二尖瓣和主动脉瓣的胶原含量较正常瓣膜有显著性升高(P<0.01),正常瓣膜以I型胶原为主,Ⅲ型胶原含量较少,而病变二尖瓣和主动脉瓣其Ⅰ,Ⅲ型,胶原均明显增加,且以I型胶原为主,有钙化的二尖瓣腱索胶原含量高于无钙化瓣膜(P<0.05),二尖瓣病变以狭窄为主的病例其二尖瓣腱索的胶原含量较以关闭秒全为主的病例高(P<0.01),且二尖瓣瓣叶及腱索的胶含量与二尖瓣口面积呈负相关(r=-0.5431和r=-0.8819,P<0.01),结论:风湿性心脏病心瓣膜胶原含量和类型的变化与心瓣膜功能的改变密切相关,瓣膜有无钙化以及二尖瓣病变的性质,可作为施行心瓣膜成形术的选择条件,。  相似文献   

11.
目的 总结主动脉瓣置换术中处理小主动脉瓣环的体会.方法 我院在2000年至2010年期间收治主动脉瓣环细小的主动脉瓣病变18例,均采取改良Manouguian方法扩大主动脉瓣环,再置入较合适的机械主动脉瓣.同期行二尖瓣置换6例,室间隔修补1例,三尖瓣成形5例.结果 17例有效开口面积指数(EOAI)均达到0.85cm2/m2以上,1例0.80cm2/m2.术后严重低心排综合征1例,室性心律失常3例,心脏压塞1例.18例痊愈出院,随访1~10年,术后6个月复查发现EOAI为0.80cm2/m2的患者主动脉跨瓣压差较高,室间隔及左室壁厚度恢复较慢,左室射血分数较低;而比值在0.85~1.0之间与大于1.0的患者相比,主动脉跨瓣压差、室间隔及左室壁厚度平均值稍高,但差异无统计学意义.2例术后6年因身高、体重增加EOAI分别下降到0.79、0.81cm2/m2,出现活动后心慌,心电图提示左室高电压,经扩管等药物治疗和一般处理,症状明显改善.结论 改良Manouguian方法扩大主动脉瓣环安全、有效,可置入合适的机械主动脉瓣,有利于提高手术疗效.  相似文献   

12.

Purpose  

The aim of this study was to investigate the outcome of aortic valve replacement (AVR) performed with a 17-mm St. Jude Medical Regent prosthetic valve (17SJMR) for an aortic annulus ≤19 mm in elderly patients aged ≥65 years.  相似文献   

13.
Aortic valve surgery for the small aortic annulus is still challenging for surgeons. Recently, the new types of high performance prosthesis have been developed and the chance of an aortic root enlargement (ARE) is decreasing. In this study, we propose the ideal strategy of the aortic surgery for the small aortic annulus. We analyzed the clinical records of 158 patients who underwent aortic valve replacement from August 1999 to October 2005 in our institution. The small aortic annulus was observed in 38 patients (24%). Fourteen patients of this group underwent ARE. Patient-prosthesis mismatch (PPM) was less frequently observed in patients with ARE compared to those without ARE. The additional time required for ARE was not considerable, and neither ischemic time nor cardiopulmonary bypass time was significantly prolonged by ARE. In conclusion, we have to select a prosthesis with sufficient orifice area to avoid PPM, otherwise we should choose an option of ARE. For this consideration, we definitely need the chart that demonstrates the relationship between the nominal size of various types of prostheses and the size of a patient's annulus that those prostheses actually fit.  相似文献   

14.
Urbanski PP 《The Annals of thoracic surgery》2002,73(3):725-8; discussion 728-9
BACKGROUND: We evaluated the effectiveness of our surgical method using a modified self-assembled valved composite graft in patients with a narrow aortic annulus. METHODS: Between August 2000 and May 2001, 10 consecutive patients with a narrow aortic annulus underwent replacement of the aortic valve and the ascending aorta using a valved composite graft with mechanical valve prosthesis. The indication for surgery was aneurysm of the ascending aorta (8 patients) and aortic dissection (2 patients). To avoid valve-patient mismatch, a modified self-assembled valved composite graft was used. RESULTS: There was no hospital mortality. Echocardiographic evaluation before discharge showed excellent hemodynamics with a mean transvalvular gradient of 10.7 mm Hg (standard deviation +/- 2.8 mm Hg). CONCLUSIONS: The described valved composite graft offers very good hemodynamic performance and is a simple and effective device to avoid valve-patient mismatch in patients with a small aortic annulus who need aortic root replacement.  相似文献   

15.
16.
Werner's syndrome is a rare genetic disease characterized by premature aging and scleroderma-like involvement of the skin. We report a case of aortic valve replacement for severely calcified aortic valve stenosis with a small annulus in a patient suffering from Werner's syndrome and liver cirrhosis  相似文献   

17.
Open in a separate windowOBJECTIVESThe Edwards Intuity valve is a rapid deployment aortic prosthesis that favours less invasive approaches. However, evidence about the clinical behaviour of their smaller sizes is scarce. Herein, we studied haemodynamic behaviours and clinical outcomes of small Intuity prostheses (19–21 mm) in comparison to larger Intuity prostheses (>21 mm).METHODSThis is an observational study including patients implanted with an Edwards Intuity rapid deployment aortic prosthesis. Patients with prosthesis sizes 19–21 and >21 mm were included. Baseline and perioperative variables, as well as adverse events during the follow-up were recorded and compared between groups.RESULTSA total of 122 patients (37% female, mean age 75 ± 4.5 years) were included, of whom 54 (45%) were implanted with a small prosthesis and 68 (55%) with a prosthesis >21 mm. There were no significant differences between patients with small Intuity prostheses and patients with larger prostheses regarding in-hospital mortality (2% vs 4%, P = 0.43) or mortality during the follow-up (3.41 vs 2.45 per 100 patients-years; P = 0.58). Survival in the small Intuity valve group was 95% at 1 year and 83% at 6 years, whereas in the larger Intuity valve group was 96% at 1 year and 78% at 6 years. The presence of a small prosthesis did not influence mid-term survival (log-rank P-value = 0.62).CONCLUSIONSThis study showed good clinical performance of Intuity aortic prostheses with appropriate mid-term survival in patients with the small aortic annulus. Thus, the Edwards Intuity rapid deployment aortic prosthesis may be considered as a potential option in patients with the small aortic annulus.  相似文献   

18.
R McKay  M H Yacoub 《Thorax》1976,31(1):49-54
Mitral regurgitation due to 'floppy' valves is frequently associated with areas of medical necrosis in the ascending aorta. Application of the aortic clamp to such an area during valve replacement may produce an intimal tear followed by acute dissection. This complication occurred in three patients and was treated successfully by repair of the tear in the two cases where the dissection was observed at the time of operation. Is is suggested that infrequent clamping of the aorta and careful control of the pefusion pressure may decrease the risk of intimal trauma and acute dissection.  相似文献   

19.
BACKGROUND: Patients with critical aortic stenosis, a heavily calcified aorta, and a small aortic annulus are at an increasing risk of complications during a conventional aortic valve replacement (AVR) procedure. Insertion of an apicoaortic conduit (AAC) can be an alternative to AVR in such situations. This study is a review of our experiences with AAC in elderly patients with acquired aortic stenosis. METHOD: From 2001 to 2005, 7 elderly patients (mean age of 81 : range 74 to 87) underwent an AAC insertion for severe symptomatic aortic stenosis with a small aortic annulus (mean annulus size 17.9 mm). Preoperatively, all were symptomatic, with 4 rated as New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class IV, 2 as class III, and 1 as class II. In addition, 3 patients had severe congestive heart failure with mechanical ventilation and received a high dose administration of catecholamine, and 1 had undergone coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) previously. RESULT: The AAC insertions were performed under a cardiopulmonary bypass through a left thoracotomy in 6 patients, while 1 patient underwent the procedure without a cardiopulmonary bypass. Distal anastomoses were performed in the descending thoracic aorta with a partial occluding clamp. A composite woven Dacron conduit with a stented biological valve was used in 2 cases, and a woven Dacron conduit with a stentless bioprosthesis was used in 5. Two patients underwent a concomitant CABG. There was 1 hospital death due to obstructive ileus 4 months after the operation. One patient who had been in a shock state preoperatively had hypoxic encephalopathy due to inoperative severe hypotension. Postoperative echocardiography showed relief of the left ventricle-aortic gradient in all patients. After a mean follow-up period of 22 months, there was no late death, while 3 patients were readmitted due to congestive heart failure. Further, 1 of the patients was rated as NYHA class I, 1 as class II, and 2 as class III. CONCLUSION: An AAC procedure was found to be an acceptable alternative for elderly patients who had a high-risk of complications with the standard procedure.  相似文献   

20.
BACKGROUND: We routinely perform supra-annular patch enlargement as a strategy to avoid patient-prosthesis mismatch (PPM) in patients with a small aortic annulus who are undergoing aortic valve replacement (AVR). METHOD: We performed a retrospective review of 128 consecutive single AVR patients from 1999 to 2005. Of these, 34 patients underwent supra-annular patch enlargement. The enlargement was selectively performed in patients at risk of PPM. This involved patch extension of the aortotomy just above the annulus of noncoronary sinus, and valve implantation with stitches placed directly on the patch. Along with this procedure, AVR with a valve size appropriate to body surface area (BSA) was performed. RESULT: Of these patients, 74% were female and the mean BSA was less than 1.50 m2. The enlargement required an average of 33 minutes of additional aortic clamp time. The 30-day mortality was 0%. A favorable hemodynamic outcome was achieved. CONCLUSION: Our results show that supra-annular patch enlargement can be performed with minimal added risk, relative to standard root enlargement and a satisfactory hemodynamic status can be achieved by employing this procedure.  相似文献   

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