Extensive squamous cell carcinoma involving the parotid gland and carotid artery a case report.

Squamous cell carcinomas of the parotid gland are very rare. Majority of them will be metastatic with primaries in the head and neck. Very rarely, they can be from unknown primaries or primary parotid tumor itself. We present a case of the Squamous cell carcinoma with extensive local spread to the scalp, skin of the face, parapharyngeal space and causing occlusion of the internal carotid artery. Brief review of literature regarding primary and secondary type of these tumors is also included. Key words: Squamous cell carcinoma, parotid tumors.     

Tuberculosis of parotid gland - a rare clinical entity

Tuberculosis of parotid gland is rare. In our country with high incidence of tuberculosis we should think about it in differential diagnosis of any parotid swelling with multiple fistulae because pre-operative diagnosis can help to avoid unnecessary parotidectomy.     

Oncocytic carcinoma of the parotid gland: report of a new case

Prior to 2003, only 39 cases of oncocytic carcinoma of salivary gland origin had been reported in the English-language literature. We report a new case, which occurred in a 48-year-old woman whose disease had metastasized to regional lymph nodes. She was treated by radical parotidectomy, with sacrifice of the facial nerve, and radical neck dissection. At the 3-year follow-up, she remained free of disease. Our review of the literature suggests that patients with such tumors who undergo aggressive surgery rather than conservative treatment have the best prognosis.     

Ataxia telangiectasia and mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland: a case report

Ataxia telangiectasia (AT) is an immunodeficiency disorder with increased incidence of malignancy. Most of the tumors are lymphomas, and salivary gland neoplasms are very uncommon. A case with ataxia telangiectasia and mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland, the second case in English literature, was presented. The treatment was discussed under the view of the literature.     

Leiomyosarcoma of the parotid gland: a case report

Primary leiomyosarcoma of the parotid gland is an extremely rare neoplasm. We here describe the case of a 78-year-old male patient presenting with such a tumor. Five years after surgical treatment, the patient is alive and recurrence-free. To our knowledge, our case represents just the sixth case of primary leiomyosarcoma of the parotid gland reported in the English literature. The clinical features of these cases are summarized.     

Teratoma of the parotid gland: a case report

The parotid teratoma is a rare embryonic tumoral malformation containing more or less differentiated derivatives, with malignant potentiality of the three embryonic layers. It poses the problem of the complete excision for the surgeon and the problem of immature elements search for the anatomopathologist. In the light of a new observation and data of the literature, the authors propose to stress the clinical, histological and therapeutic aspects of this affection.     

A rare primary leiomyosarcoma of the parotid gland: A case report and literature review

Background

Leiomyosarcoma of the head and neck region is very rare. Primary parotid leiomyosarcoma has only been reported nine times in the medical literature.

A rare malignancy of the parotid gland: oncocytic carcinoma

Oncocytic carcinomas are uncommon; they represent 11% of all oncocytic salivary gland neoplasms, 0.5% of all epithelial salivary gland malignancies and 0.18% of all epithelial salivary gland tumors. A 65-year-old woman was admitted to our ENT clinic with a history of a painless left preauricular mass. No lymph node was palpable on either side of her neck. Computed tomography demonstrated a 3×3-cm solid lesion in the left parotid gland. As oncocytes and atypical cells were seen at the cytologic examination of a fine-needle aspiration biopsy, this finding suggested a malignant epithelial tumor. Total parotidectomy by preserving the facial nerve was performed. The result of the pathologic examination was oncocytic carcinoma regarding histopathologic and immunohistochemical findings and especially the invasive growth pattern. We preferred a close follow-up to an elective neck dissection, and reserved the neck dissection for a recurrence. The prognosis of oncocytic carcinomas is not well known because of their low incidence. Further investigation of the prognosis of patients with oncocytic carcinoma of the parotid gland is warranted as more cases are reported.     

Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the parotid gland: case report and literature review

A 74-year-old male presented with a large polinodular mass in the neck. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) showed an undifferentiated large cell carcinoma. Computed tomography (CT) showed a large parotid mass with multiple satelite nodules. The remaining radiological studies were normal. Radical parotidectomy was performed. The tumor was a large cell carcinoma with neuroendocrine features and positive immunostain for neuroendocrine markers. The patient received postoperative radiotherapy and was free of tumor eight months later. Only four cases of large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) of the salivary gland have been communicated. All of them have involved the parotid gland. This tumor presents in elderly patients as a large infiltrating parotid mass. Fine needle aspiration cytology serves to recognize the carcinoma, but it fails in recognizing the neuroendocrine features of the tumor. The histopathological features of this tumor are the same as in other organs. Chromogranin and synaptophysin are useful immunohistochemical markers. A primary location of the tumor in another organ, specially the lung, should be ruled out. Surgery is the main treatment modality and can be complemented with postoperative radiotherapy. The prognosis seems to be poor. More studies are needed to better define the therapeutical alternatives and prognostic factors of these rare tumors.     

A neurilemmoma of the parotid gland: report of a case

Benign primary tumors of the facial nerve are frequently misdiagnosed because of the variety of their clinical manifestations. Much attention has been paid to neurilemmomas in the recent otolaryngologic literature, but far less has been focused on intraparotid facial nerve neurilemmomas. In this article, we describe a new case of this truly rare tumor, and we review its diagnosis, pathology, and treatment.     

Hemangiopericytoma of the parotid gland: a case report with autopsy

Hemangiopericytoma is a vascular tumor first described by Murray and Stout in 1942 and featuring Zimmerman's pericytes. The tumor is relatively rare and occurs primarily in the skin and musculo-skeletal system. It is now apparent that this tumor is potentially very malignant and at least half of them metastasize. A case report involving the parotid gland is presented, and pathological and clinical features are described.     

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the parotid gland: a case report with electron microscopic findings

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the parotid gland is a rare tumor. Histological and ultrastructural features of a primary squamous cell carcinoma arising in the right parotid gland is presented. Light microscopically the tumor consisted of poorly differentiated squamous cell nests. PAS reaction was negative. Ultrastructurally the tumor cells were oval or spindle shaped and the cytoplasmic processes were frequently found. The majority of the tumor cells contained numerous intermediate filaments in their cytoplasm. No secretory granule was found. The desmosomes were well developed. It is known that mucoepidermoid carcinoma may be often misdiagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma. These findings can enable us to distinguish primary squamous cell carcinoma from mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland.     

Composite lymphoma arising in the parotid gland: a case report

A case of composite lymphoma (CL) arisen in the parotid gland in a 58-year-old male is reported. Histologically, most of the tumor region was follicular lymphoma (FL), grade 2. However complicating classical Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL) was noted inside the lesion. There have been a few reports of composite lymphoma, complicated by multiple histologic types in the same organ. Extra-nodal cases are particularly rare. This is a very significant case with regard to differences between B cell-derived non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and its histological origin.     

A rare case of schwannoma in the parotid gland

Schwannoma of the head and neck may origin from many nerves, i.e. cranial or spinal. The authors described that rare benign neoplasm of peripheral nerve sheath, localized in parotid gland in a 68-year-old female. For diagnosis FNB, USG were carried out. The patient was treated surgically.     

Lymphoepithelial carcinoma in parotid gland related to EBV infection: A case report

Lymphoepithelial carcinoma commonly occurs at the nasopharynx and rarely occurs at other sites in the head and neck region. It is well known to occur at limited patients of local area as Asia or Arctic Circle. Related to this point, it is pointed out that this tumor has strong relation with Epstein–Barr Virus (EBV) infection.In this time, we experienced to treat lymphoepithelial carcinoma with metastatic cervical lymph nodes occurring at parotid gland. The morbidity ratio of this tumor is less than one percent of all parotid gland tumors. Moreover, we proved the infection of EBV to tumor cell by in situ hybridization (ISH).Incidentally, because it is considered that this tumor has well sensitivity against irradiation or anti-tumor drugs, prognosis of this tumor is better than that of other head and neck tumors with different pathological type. Actually, we tried to perform chemotherapy twice in (Nedaplatin (CDGP) 60 mg/m² × day 2 and 5-FU 600 mg/m² × day 5) and to irradiate about 70 Gy dose against parotid gland and cervical lymph nodes. It could not find local recurrence or metastasis as of now after five years from treatment.