雷帕霉素抑制人前列腺癌细胞增殖及其作用机制

目的 观察雷帕霉素(Rapamycin)对体外培养的人前列腺癌PC-3M-2B4细胞增殖及凋亡的影响,探讨其机制.方法 分别用不同浓度的雷帕霉素(100、200、400、800μg/L)对细胞进行干预后,采用噻唑蓝(MTT)比色法检测细胞增殖变化,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡变化,Western blot 法检测凋亡相关蛋白bcl-2及bax表达的变化.结果 雷帕霉素能明显抑制PC-3M-2B4细胞的增殖活性,此作用呈现量-效、时-效关系.雷帕霉素呈浓度依赖性诱导细胞凋亡.雷帕霉素作用PC-3M-2B4细胞后,细胞内凋亡抑制蛋白bcl-2的表达明显降低,bax蛋白的表达明显增加.结论 雷帕霉素能够通过调节凋亡相关蛋白bcl-2和bax的表达比例,诱导前列腺癌细胞凋亡,从而抑制肿瘤生长.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the effects of Rapamycin on the growth and apoptosis of human prostate carcinoma cell line PC-3M-2B4. Methods The inhibitory effect of Rapamycin was observed at 100,200,400,800μg/L on the growth of human prostate carcinoma cell line PC-3M-2B4 in serum-free medium for different concentrations by methyl thiazol tetrazolium (MTF) assays. Flow cytometry (FCM)analysis was used to study the changes of cell apoptosis. The expression level of bcl-2 and bax was determined by Western blotting. Results Rapamycin caused dose-dependent inhibition on the growth of human prostate carcinoma cell line PC-3M-2B4 in a concentration-and time dependent manner. Rapamycin induced the apoptosis of PC-3M-2B4 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. The levels of bcl-2 protein were reduced gradually with the increase of concentration or action time. Conclusion Rapamycin, a mTOR inhibitor, inhibits the growth of human prostate cancer cell and induces apoptosis of human prostate cancer cell. mTOR might be a potential target for anti-prostate cancer.     

Down-regulation of prostasin serine protease: a potential invasion suppressor in prostate cancer.

BACKGROUND: Prostasin is a serine protease predominantly expressed in normal prostate epithelial cells. The biological function of prostasin has not been determined. METHODS: Western blot and RT-PCR analyses were used to examine the expression of prostasin in prostate cancer cell lines. Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate prostasin protein expression in human prostate cancer. An in vitro Matrigel invasion assay was used to test the invasiveness of prostate cancer cell lines forced to express recombinant prostasin. RESULTS: Both prostasin protein and mRNA were found to be expressed in normal human prostate epithelial cells and a non-invasive human prostate cancer cell line, the LNCaP, but neither was found in invasive human prostate cancer cell lines DU-145 and PC-3. Prostasin mRNA expression was absent in invasive prostate cancer cell lines of a transgenic mouse model. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that prostasin protein expression is down-regulated in high-grade prostate cancer. Transfection of DU-145 and PC-3 cells with a full-length human prostasin cDNA restored prostasin expression and reduced the in vitro invasiveness by 68 and 42%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate that prostasin may be implicated in normal prostate biology and is able to suppress prostate cancer invasion in vitro.     

Effect of prostatic inhibin peptide (PIP) on prostate cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo

Prostatic inhibin peptide (PIP), is a 94 amino acid protein which is secreted by the prostate gland in an androgen-independent manner. Previously, it has been demonstrated that PIP appears to inhibit follicle-stimulating-hormone (FSH) secretion by the pituitary and prostate glands. In vitro, the Dunning R3327 rat prostate cancer cell line MAT-LyLu (MLL) cells and the human prostate cancer cell line PC-3, are stimulated to grow in response to exogenous FSH and these effects are blocked by PIP. In vivo, PIP inhibits the growth of the highly metastatic MLL prostate cancer cell line. A comparison of hormone levels in control and PIP-treated rats demonstrates a significant inhibition of FSH in treated animals. It appears that, in vivo, PIP may inhibit prostate cancer growth by inhibiting FSH. PIP may represent a novel hormonal treatment for prostate cancer. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

前列腺癌与良性前列腺增生细胞株差异核基质蛋白的鉴定

目的:鉴定人前列腺癌雄激素依赖性细胞株LNCaP、前列腺癌雄激素非依赖性细胞株PC-3与良性前列腺增生细胞株BPH-1之间差异表达的核基质蛋白(nuclear matrix proteins,NMPs)。方法:常规制备各细胞株NMPs,应用双向凝胶电泳对其进行分离;对差异表达的蛋白质点行MALDI-TOF-MS/MS质谱分析,数据库搜索并鉴定。结果:成功获得了分辨率高、重复性好的不同细胞株NMPs双向凝胶电泳图谱;初步鉴定出包含酶、调节蛋白、RNA结合蛋白及各种因子在内的12个差异表达的蛋白质,在癌细胞株中3个NMPs表达上调,9个下调。结论:人前列腺癌细胞与良性前列腺增生细胞之间NMPs表达存在明显差异;初步筛选出12个差异NMPs,其表达水平及功能与疾病的联系需进一步研究。     

Mediation of glucocorticoid receptor function by transforming growth factor beta I expression in human PC-3 prostate cancer cells

We investigated the role of glucocorticoids in controlling the proliferation of androgen-independent PC-3 human prostate cancer cells via the action of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF β1). The presence of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in PC-3 cells was detected by immunoblotting analysis using a rabbit anti-GR polyclonal antibody against the synthetic human GR peptide (hGR_383–393). In PC-3 cells, GR bound radiolabeled dexamethasone with an affinity similar to wild-type GR. In addition, GR-ligand complex bound radiolabeled DNA as detected by DNA band-shift analysis on gel electrophoresis and trans-activated the mouse mammary tumor virus-thymidine kinase-chloramphenicol acetyltransferase chimeric gene in transiently transfected PC-3 cells. Dexamethasone (0.1 up to 100 nM) and TGF β1 (0.5 up to 50 ng/ml) inhibited PC-3 cell proliferation. TGF β1 and dexamethasone both increased the distribution of PC-3 cells into the G₁/G₀ phase of the cell cycle. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) stimulated the proliferation of PC-3 cells and overcame dexamethasone's inhibition of PC-3 cell growth. Dexamethasone's inhibition (10^–7M) of PC-3 cell growth was completely neutralized by RU 486 (10^–6M) and partly neutralized by anti-TGF β1 polyclonal antibody. Furthermore, dexamethasone up modulated the expression of TGF β1 mRNA in PC-3 cells. Because dexamethasone's inhibition was neutralized at least in part by an anti-TGF β1 polyclonal antibody and dexamethasone up modulated the expression of TGF β1 mRNA in PC-3 cells, we conclude that GR function in human PC-3 prostate cancer cells is mediated at least in part by TGF β1 expression.     

Patterns of metastasis by the human prostate cancer cell line PC-3 in athymic nude mice

Cells from the PC-3 human prostate cancer cell line were evaluated in athymic nude mice in order to determine the influence of size of the primary tumor and site inoculation on the incidence and pattern of metastasis. At autopsy, all organs, including the skeleton, were evaluated for metastasis. Subcutaneous injections resulted in metastases to the draining axillary lymph node and lungs (56% and 13%, respectively), and were correlated with size of the primary tumor. Tail vein injection resulted in a high incidence of lung metastasis, while injection into the peritoneal space, spleen, and seminal vesicles resulted in intraabdominal tumor growth, liver metastasis, and large tumors within the seminal vesicles, respectively. Skeletal metastases were not observed in any of the animals studied. We conclude that injection of PC-3 cells into various sites results in different patterns of metastasis, but may not constitute an entirely suitable animal model of human prostate cancer due to the lack of metastasis to the skeleton.     

Regulation of Bcl-2 during androgen-unresponsive progression of prostate cancer

The progression of prostate cancer from androgen-responsive to an androgen-unresponsive state remains the greatest obstacle in the treatment of this disease. Androgen-unresponsive prostate cancer is highly resistant to chemotherapy and radiation treatment that kill cells by the induction of apoptosis. Elucidating the molecular mechanisms of apoptosis regulation in prostate cancer can be useful in the development of new strategies for effective therapy of androgen-unresponsive cancer. We analyzed the Bcl-2 family of apoptosis regulators using various passages of the LNCaP prostate cancer cell line, which serve as an in vitro model for the progression of prostate cancer from androgen-responsive to androgen-unresponsive. In our model, progressively higher passages of LNCaP cells represent the progression to androgen-unresponsiveness. We examined the basal mRNA expression of the Bcl-2 family of apoptosis regulators. Under normal growth conditions, both androgen-responsive and androgen-unresponsive LNCaP cells express the Bcl-2 family of genes at similar levels. Western blot analysis showed the presence of Bcl-2 protein in androgen-responsive cells but not in androgen-unresponsive cells. Both androgen-responsive and androgen-unresponsive cells expressed Bax protein at similar levels. When exposed to oxidative stress, androgen-responsive cells underwent apoptosis but androgen-unresponsive cells exhibited resistance suggesting that the progression to androgen-unresponsiveness was associated with altered regulation of apoptosis. Treatment with paclitaxel or sodium butyrate induced apoptosis in both androgen-responsive and androgen-unresponsive cells suggesting that the apoptotic machinery is still intact in androgen-unresponsive LNCaP cells.     

葡萄籽提取物对前列腺癌PC-3细胞的生长抑制作用

目的:观察葡萄籽提取物(GSE)对前列腺癌PC-3细胞的生长抑制作用。方法:经预试选用不同浓度(100、200、300μg/ml)的GSE分别作用PC-3细胞24、48、72h,以原代培养的1～3日龄SD大鼠肾细胞作为正常对照;采用四唑氮蓝(MTT)显色法检测GSE对PC-3细胞和SD大鼠肾细胞的生长抑制作用。结果:GSE以浓度和时间依赖性方式抑制PC-3细胞生长(P<0.01),对原代培养SD大鼠肾细胞生长仅有轻度抑制作用。结论:GSE可抑制前列腺癌PC-3细胞生长,有可能成为治疗前列腺癌的一种新药物。     

The effect of suramin, tumor necrosis factor and interferon gamma on human prostate carcinoma

Suramin, an antiparasitic agent which has been shown to block the stimulatory effect of growth factors on certain cancers, is currently being evaluated in clinical trials and as an antineoplastic agent in patients with advanced prostate carcinoma. Preliminary studies suggested that suramin inhibits the growth in vitro of human prostate carcinoma. The present study was performed in order to evaluate the effect of suramin, recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interferon gamma and the combination of suramin plus TNF or interferon gamma on proliferation of PC-3, a human, hormone unresponsive prostate carcinoma cell line. In medium containing 2% fetal calf serum (FCS) suramin, at doses of 10 microM, 30 microM and 100 microM (levels readily achievable in humans) inhibited proliferation of PC-3. TNF, at a concentration of 500 units/ml., induced an approximately 50% inhibition of growth of PC-3. The combination of suramin plus TNF induced a greater inhibition of growth than did either agent alone, even at the low dose of 10 microM suramin. Interferon gamma, 500 units/ml., inhibited PC-3 growth. However, the combination of interferon gamma plus suramin (30 microM) induced less inhibition of proliferation than did interferon gamma alone. These results may serve as a rationale for clinical trials employing the combination of TNF plus suramin in patients with advanced prostate carcinoma.     

转化生长因子调控表皮生长因子受体在雄激素非依赖型前列腺癌细胞中表达的意义

目的 :探讨转化生长因子 (TGF)α对前列腺癌雄激素非依赖型细胞系中表皮生长因子受体 (EGFR)表达的调控。　方法 :采用逆转录 多聚酶链式反应和Western印迹法对TGFα刺激前列腺癌雄激素非依赖型细胞系PC3、ARCaP后EGFRmRNA表达及其蛋白水平进行定量分析。　结果 :TGFα引起PC3、ARCaP的EGFRmRNA表达升高 ,分别为 5 .0 1± 0 .4 5和 9.0 5± 0 .6 3,明显高于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 )。PC3细胞系TGFα治疗后EGFR蛋白水平为 2 .2 8±0 .5 3,明显高于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;而ARCaP细胞系TGFα治疗后EGFR仅为 1 .2 4± 0 .2 2 ,和对照组比较无差别 (P >0 .0 5 )。　结论 :TGFα可以明显提高前列腺癌细胞的EGFR表达量 ;TGFα EGFR自分泌环参与雄激素非依赖型前列腺癌的形成     

PC-3 cells with enhanced androgen receptor signaling: a model for clonal selection in prostate cancer

BACKGROUND: Two sublines of the human prostate cancer cell line, PC-3, which is widely used as a model of prostate cancer progression, have been reported: PC-3(AR-) that do not express androgen receptor (AR), and PC-3AR+ that have measurable AR RNA but little protein. METHODS: We assayed the geneotype, karyotype, AR expression, and physical characteristics of the two PC-3 sublines, and compared their ability to elicit a transactivation response from ectopic AR in the presence and absence of specific AR coregulators. RESULTS: PC-3(AR-) and PC-3AR+ cells are genotypically and karyotypically similar, but exhibit salient differences in their morphology, growth rate, and expression of AR RNA. Whereas endogenous AR expression in PC-3AR+ cells does not result in sufficient protein to confer androgen responsiveness in culture, ectopic AR consistently elicited a much greater transactivation response in PC-3AR+ than in PC-3(AR-) cells, without altered sensitivity to activation by native ligand or AR coregulators including GRIP1, BRCA1, and Zac1. Moreover, phenotypic differences of AR variants implicated in prostate cancer susceptibility and progression were only observed in PC-3AR+ cells. Higher levels of known AR coregulator proteins detected in PC-3AR+ compared with PC-3(AR-) cells likely contribute to these differences. CONCLUSIONS: These studies provide new evidence that the androgen-signaling axis can be sensitized in prostate cancer cells, and have important implications for the analysis and interpretation of AR structure and function in in vitro cell systems.     

HSP 70反义寡核苷酸逆转LNCaP和PC-3m细胞耐药性的研究

目的：探讨热休克蛋白（HSP70）反义寡核苷酸逆转入前列腺LNCaP及PC－3m耐药性的作用。方法用MTT法和成集落试验测定了10μmol/L,HSP70反义寡核苷酸作用后不同浓度阿霉素、丝裂霉素C对LNCaP和PC－3m生长抑制率的影响。结果10μmol/LHSP70反义寡核苷酸可以显著增加4－12μg/ml阿霉素和10－100μg/ml丝裂霉素－C对PC－3m的生长抑制率以及0．01－0．08μg/ml阿霉素和1－6μg/ml丝裂霉素C对LNCaP的生长抑制率,差别有显著性意义（P＜0．05）。抑制率均超过505。结论HPS70与前列腺癌细胞的耐药性有关;HSP70反意义（P＜0．05）。报制率均超过505。结论HSP70与前列腺部细胞的耐药性有关;HSP70反义寡核苷酸可以特异性地逆转二种不同生物学特性的前列腺癌细胞的耐药性。为临床前列腺癌化疗提供了新方法。     

Stable expression of full length human androgen receptor in PC-3 prostate cancer cells enhances sensitivity to retinoic acid but not to 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3

BACKGROUND: PC-3 prostate cancer cell growth is inhibited by 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1,25 D) and retinoids, but not to the same extent as the androgen receptor (AR) positive LNCaP prostate cancer cells. Previous reports suggest a role for AR in growth inhibition of LNCaP cells by 1,25 D and retinoids. PC-3 cells do not express AR. We therefore asked whether re-expression of AR would enhance the response of PC-3 cells to 1,25 D and retinoids. METHODS: PC-3 cells were stably transfected with wild type human AR cDNA. Pooled cells expressing AR protein at levels comparable to LNCaP cells were used to analyze response to 1,25 D, retinoids, androgens, and anti-androgens. RESULTS: AR re-expression in PC-3 cells restored response to androgens and anti-androgens, but growth inhibition by 1,25 D was not significantly altered. However, cells were sensitized to low levels of retinoids, and, in contrast to the parental PC-3 cells, sub-optimal levels of 1,25 D and retinoids caused additive growth inhibition. CONCLUSIONS: Restoring AR expression and activity in PC-3 cells results in enhanced sensitivity to low levels of retinoids while the response to 1,25 D remains unaltered. Thus, the involvement of AR in prostate cancer growth inhibition by 1,25 D appears to be cell line specific.     

Characterization of human prostate and breast cancer cell lines for experimental T cell-based immunotherapy

BACKGROUND: In order to develop experimental immunotherapy for prostate and breast cancer it is of outmost importance to have representative target cell lines that through human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules present relevant levels of peptides from tumor-associated antigens for cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) recognition. METHODS: We sequenced the HLA-A and HLA-B loci of eight commonly used prostate and breast cancer cell lines and analyzed the surface expression of HLA-ABC, HLA-DR, CD40, CD80, CD86, and CD54 by flow cytometry. We also analyzed the cell lines for mRNA expression from 25 genes reported to be specifically or preferentially expressed by prostate cells. RESULTS: Among the analyzed cell lines we found that LNCaP, PC-346C and MCF-7 are HLA-A*0201 positive. However, the HLA-A2 expression level is low and only MCF-7 upregulates HLA-A2 in response to IFN-gamma stimulation. MCF-7 also expresses high levels of CD54, which further improve its value as a CTL target cell line. On the other hand, LNCaP and PC-346C express 25 and 23 out of 25 prostate-related genes, respectively, while MCF-7 expresses 16 out of 25 genes. CONCLUSIONS: None of the analyzed prostate cancer cell lines are optimal CTL target cells. However, MCF-7 could in many cases be used as a complement to HLA-A*0201 positive prostate cancer cells. The LNCaP and PC-346C cell lines are rich sources of prostate-related antigens that may be valuable for cancer vaccine development.     

Plasminogen activators in human prostate cancer cell lines and tumors: correlation with the aggressive phenotype

The levels of several tumor associated proteases, including plasminogen activators (PA), are elevated in many malignant tumors compared to their benign tumor counterparts. Extracellular matrix degradation mediated by PA may facilitate tumor cell invasion and metastasis. To assess whether PA content correlates with the aggressive phenotype in prostate cancer, we studied these activators in the PC-3 human prostate cell line and PC-3CALN, an aggressive in vivo derived variant cell line. Enzymatic assays using H-D-val-leu-lys-pNA (S-2251) as substrate and peroxidase-anti-peroxidase immunohistochemical techniques were used. In an in vitro chemoinvasion assay, the PC-3CALN variant cell line demonstrated significantly greater invasive behavior than the unselected, parental PC-3 line. The activity of PA secreted by PC-3CALN cells was 3.5 times greater than that of PC-3 cells (p less than 0.01). PC-3 metastases obtained following intrasplenic injection of PC-3 cells had greater PA activities than the corresponding primary tumors. Immunohistochemical studies of PC-3 tumors demonstrated preferential localization of urokinase-type PA to areas of apparent tumor cell invasion. These data suggest a correlation between PA and the aggressive phenotype in this model of human prostate cancer. PA, in particular u-PA, may play a role in the migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells and provide a marker of the aggressive phenotype.     

NF-κB抑制剂对前列腺癌PC-3细胞STAT3核转位的影响

目的:观察IL-6刺激后的前列腺癌PC-3细胞STAT3和NF-κB的表达情况;验证NF-κB抑制剂咖啡酸苯乙基酯(CAPE)对PC-3细胞IL-6和STAT3表达的影响。方法:20 ng/ml IL-6分别作用于PC-3细胞0、5、10、20、30、45 min后,Western印迹和实时荧光定量PCR检测STAT3和NF-κB蛋白和mRNA水平的表达差异;流式细胞技术检测细胞周期。采用TNF-α或TNF-α联合CAPE作用于PC-3细胞,收集培养液上清,ELISA检测IL-6的表达;同时用Western印迹检测p-STAT3的表达。结果:IL-6刺激PC-3细胞后,p-STAT3蛋白的表达明显上调,细胞增殖指数明显增高。TNF-α作用于PC-3细胞后,培养液中IL-6的表达上调,同时p-STAT3蛋白的表达亦上调(P<0.05)。CAPE联合TNF-α作用于PC-3细胞后,培养液中IL-6的表达及p-STAT3蛋白的表达均明显低于TNF-α作用后的表达水平(P<0.05)。结论:CAPE能抑制TNF-α引起的IL-6的分泌,从而抑制IL-6引起的STAT3核转位;通过CAPE抑制NF-κB表达,继而影响STAT3等相关细胞信号传导途径,可能成为前列腺癌治疗的一条新途径。     

Survivin启动子驱动腺病毒介导LRIG1基因治疗前列腺癌的体外实验

目的 由于去势抵抗性前列腺癌（CRPC）缺乏有效治疗方法,因此催生了探索新治疗模式的需求,其中靶向基因治疗可能是治疗CRPC的较理想模式;但是CRPC的靶向性基因治疗尚没有受到应有的关注.本课题拟研究Survivin启动子驱动的重组腺病毒Ad-Surp-LRIGl对前列腺癌细胞株的体外治疗效果.方法 用Ad-Surp-LRIGl和Ad-LRIGl分别感染人前列腺癌细胞PC-3M及人前列腺上皮细胞CRL-11609 RWPE-1,根据报告基因EGFR表达的不同计算病毒的细胞转染率.MTT法评估Ad-Surp-LRIGl和Ad-LRIGl对PC-3M细胞生长的抑制作用.结果 当MOI=25时,Ad-Surp-LRIGl在PC-3M细胞中的转染效率为81.24%,在CRL-11609 RWPE-1细胞中转染率为0,在两种细胞内的转染率比较差异有显著性意义（χ2=65.18,P=0.000）;Ad-LRIGl在PC-3M细胞中的转染效率为77.22%,在CRL-11609 RWPE-1细胞中转染率为71.68%,转染率比较差异无显著性意义（χ2=0.051,P=0.802）.Ad-Surp-LRIGl和Ad-LRIGl在PC-3M细胞中的转染率相比,差异无显著性意义（χ2=0.013,P=0.796）.在常规培养1d 后PBS组的细胞生长速度即开始超过Ad-Surp-LRIGl组和Ad-LRIGl组细胞,4 d 后细胞生长速度差异显著（χ2=15.37,P=0.001）,而Ad-Surp-LRIGl组和Ad-LRIGl组细胞生长速度无明显差异.结论 Ad-Surp-LRIGl能选择性转染人前列腺癌细胞PC-3M,能明显抑制体外前列腺癌细胞的生长.     

Characterization of high-affinity receptors for bombesin/gastrin releasing peptide on the human prostate cancer cell lines PC-3 and DU-145: Internalization of receptor bound 125I-(Tyr4) bombesin by tumor cells

Specific receptors for bombesin/gastrin releasing peptide (GRP) on the androgen-independent human prostate cancer cell lines PC-3 and DU-145 were characterized. No specific binding of ¹²⁵I-[Tyr⁴]-bombesin to the androgen-dependent human prostate cancer cell line LNCaP was detectable. The binding of ¹²⁵I-[Tyr⁴]-bombesin to PC-3 and DU-145 cells was found to be time- and temperature-dependent, saturable, and reversible. Scatchard analysis revealed a single class of binding sites with high affinity (K_d 9.8 × 10^?11 M for PC-3, and 9.1 × 10-¹¹ M for DU-145 cells at 25°C) and with a binding capacity of 44,000 binding sites/cell and 19,000 binding sites/cell, respectively. Bound ¹²⁵I-[Tyr⁴]-bombesin was rapidly internalized by PC-3 cells. The nonhydrolyzable GTP analog GTP-gamma-S caused a dose-dependent inhibition of ¹²⁵I-[Tyr⁴]-bombesin binding to PC-3 and DU-145 cells, indicating that a G-protein (guanine nucleotide-binding protein) couples the bombesin receptor to intracellular effector systems. Bombesin and GRP(14-27) inhibited the binding of ¹²⁵I-[Tyr⁴]-bombesin to both cell lines in a dose-dependent manner with inhibition constants (K_i of 0.5 nM and 0.4 nM, respectively. Both cell lines express the bombesin/GRP preferring bombesin receptor subtype, since, in displacement studies, neuromedin B was more than 200 times less potent than bombesin and GRP(14-27) in inhibiting the binding of ¹²⁵I-[Tyr⁴]-bombesin. Two synthetic bombesin/GRP antagonists, RC-3095 and RC-3110, powerfully inhibited the specific binding of ¹²⁵I-[Tyr⁴]-bombesin with K_i 0.92 nM and 0.26 nM on PC-3 cells, and 3.3 nM and 0.89 nM on DU-145 cells, respectively. These findings indicate that the PC-3 and DU-145 human prostate cancer cell lines possess specific high-affinity receptors for bombesin/GRP, and are suitable models for the evaluation of the antineoplastic activity of new bombesin/GRP antagonists in the treatment of androgen-independent prostate cancer. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

三氧化二砷对前列腺癌细胞株PC-3生长影响的研究

目的 :探讨三氧化二砷 (As2 O3 )对雄激素非依赖性人前列腺癌细胞株PC 3生长的影响及其机制。　方法 :通过光学显微镜观察As2 O3 处理前后培养的PC 3细胞生长和形态的变化 ,采用MTT法了解不同浓度As2 O3 作用后PC 3细胞的生长抑制曲线 ,应用流式细胞仪Annexin V FITC/PI双染法分析不同浓度As2 O3 处理的PC 3细胞的凋亡情况。　结果 :As2 O3 作用后 ,PC 3细胞形状变圆 ,体积变小 ,胞质透亮度下降 ,部分细胞脱落悬浮于培养基中。在7.81 2 5、1 5 .6 2 5、31 .2 5 0、6 2 .5 0 0、1 2 5、2 5 0、5 0 0 μmol/LAs2 O3 作用 4 8h和 72h后 ,MTT法检测细胞生长抑制率分别为(0 .0 6± 0 .99)、(1 5 .0 1± 1 .1 2 )、(2 9.2 1± 1 .31 )、(34.32± 1 .1 4 )、(4 0 .5 1± 1 .81 )、(6 9.39± 1 .74 )、(73.1 9± 2 .4 1 ) %和(0 .0 4± 1 .5 1 )、(1 6 .1 9± 1 .0 4 )、(4 3.6 1± 1 .1 2 )、(5 6 .6 6± 1 .2 3)、(73.1 3± 2 .6 1 )、(85 .2 2± 1 .74 )、(91 .4 1± 2 .81 ) %。用流式细胞仪检测经过 0 (对照组 )和 0 .1、1 .0、3.0、5 .0、2 0 .0、5 0 .0 μmol/LAs2 O3 作用 4 8、72h后的PC 3细胞 ,凋亡率分别为 0 .87%、5 .33%、8.94 %、9.6 6 %、1 2 .5 6 %、4 5 .5 9%、6 9.0 9%和 0 .1 3%、1 3.4 9%、