Oral health status and treatment needs among school children in Sana’a City,Yemen

To cite this article:
Int J Dent Hygiene
DOI: 10.1111/j.1601‐5037.2009.00398.x
Al‐Haddad KA, Al‐Hebshi NN, Al‐Ak’hali MS. Oral health status and treatment needs among school children in Sana’a City, Yemen. Abstract: Data on the oral health status and treatment needs among Yemeni children are lacking. Objectives: To assess caries prevalence, treatment needs and gingival health status among school children in Sana’a City and to examine how these are affected by age, gender and khat chewing. Methods: 1489 children (6‐ to 14‐year old) were randomly selected from 27 schools representing all nine districts of Sana’a City. Dental caries and treatment needs were evaluated using standard WHO oral survey methods. The plaque index (PI), calculus index (CI) and the gingival index (GI), recorded at the six Ramfjord’s teeth, were used to assess gingival health status. Results: 4.1% of the study subjects were caries‐free. Prevalence of these was significantly higher among the males. Overall, mean dmfs, dmft, DMFS and DMFT scores were 8.45, 4.16, 3.59 and 2.25 respectively. The decayed component accounted for >85% of the scores. The highest dmfs/dmft means were found among the 6–8 years age group, while the highest DMFS/DMFT means were scored by the 12–14 years age group. The need for restorative treatment and extractions was high; the former was significantly higher among the females. All subjects had gingivitis; the mean PI, CI and GI were 1.25, 0.3 and 1.36 respectively. Khat chewing did not affect caries experience; however, it was significantly associated with higher PI, CI and GI scores. Conclusions: The prevalence of caries, gingivitis and treatment needs among children in Sana’a city is high. More surveys in other Yemeni cities to generate comprehensive data are required.     

Oral health status and dental needs of autistic children and young adults

Aim: Children with autism might need more dental care than non‐autistic, healthy children. The aims of this study were: (a) to describe the caries experience and treatment needs of autistic children aged 6–16 years in the United Arab Emirates; and (b) to provide baseline data at national and regional levels to enable comparisons and future planning of dental services for children with autism. Methods: All children attending a day centre in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates, for autism were selected for the study. Sixty‐one autistic children aged 6–16 years (45 males and 16 females) were included in the study. Each patient received a complete oral and periodontal examination using codes and criteria as described by the World Health Organization. Results: The overall mean for Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth/decayed, missing, and filled teeth was 2.4. Female autistic children had significantly higher mean Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth/decayed, missing, and filled teeth scores (4.4) than males (1.63). The percentage of decayed, missing, and filled teeth increased with increasing age. The restorative index and met need index for the autistic children aged 11–15 years were 0.02 and 0.10, respectively. Conclusion: Effective oral health promotion strategies need to be implemented to improve the oral health status of autistic children.     

Oral health status and treatment needs of children attending special schools in South India: a comparative study

The aim of this study was to assess and compare oral health status and treatment needs of children with special healthcare needs (SHCN) between the ages of 5 and 15, with a matched group of healthy children, in Udupi District of South India. A cross‐sectional study of 265 children with SHCN was compared to 310 healthy children to assess differences in periodontal status, dentition status, treatment needs, and dentofacial anomalies using the WHO criteria. Chi‐square, t‐test, and Z‐tests were performed to compare different variables. p≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. A significantly higher prevalence of caries (89.1%), malocclusion, and poorer periodontal status was observed among children with SHCN compared to the healthy control group. Improving the oral health of these children will require maintaining good oral hygiene practices, which can be achieved with appropriate target‐based oral health approaches.     

Oral health status of mississippi delta 3- to 5-year-olds in child care: an exploratory study of dental health status and risk factors for dental disease and treatment needs

OBJECTIVES: For poor and minority young children, disparities exist in dental health and treatment. In rural impoverished areas, institutions that reach young children and potentially offer access to care are limited. In the current Mississippi Delta study, child care centers were examined as potential venues for oral health intervention and research, and potential risk factors for dental caries and treatment urgency in high-risk preschool children were explored. METHODS: Child care centers were selected and attending children recruited. Data on oral health practices were collected from surveys of center directors and parents/caregivers. Children were examined for caries and treatment urgency at centers by dentists. Bivariate and multivariate analyses with a 0. 05 alpha were used to examine data. RESULTS: A total of 346 preschool children at 15 participating centers were examined: 46% were female, 68% minority. Minority children and those with public insurance were more than twice as likely to have caries and urgent treatment needs as non-minorities or those with private insurance. The odds of children having caries were half as great if parents reported using floss and nearly twice as great if the parent had experienced a dental abscess. For every soft drink the parent consumed daily, the odds of dental caries for children increased by 44%. CONCLUSIONS: Conducting oral health exams and research in child care venues was possible, yet presented challenges. The combined use of two parental variables, reported soft drink consumption and abscess history, appears promising for caries prediction. Implementation of oral health programs and research in child care venues merits further exploration.     

Oral health status and treatment needs in a disadvantaged, rural population in Norway

ABSTRACT Oral health and dental treatment needs were investigated in 216 disadvantaged, rural dwellers aged 20 to 60 years. Oral health was generally poor. One-third of the group was edentulous, while the dentulous persons had an average of 13 remaining teeth. Every second dentulous person had one or more residual roots. DMF teeth averaged 28.1, Gingival Index 1.59, and Oral Hygiene Index 2.87. Two-thirds of the group wore some removable denture, and every second denture was found to have major defects. According to described criteria, 96 % of the group needed some treatment. Prosthetic treatment was the most frequent requirement and applied to 69 % of the group. The estimated total treatment time per individual averaged 255 minutes. The time estimates varied markedly with age and treatment pattern.     

Oral health status and reasons for not attending dental care among 12- to 16-year-old children with Down syndrome in special needs centres in Jordan

To cite this article:
Int J Dent Hygiene 10 , 2012; 259–264
DOI: 10.1111/j.1601‐5037.2012.00545.x Al Habashneh R, Al‐Jundi S, Khader Y, Nofel N. Oral health status and reasons for not attending dental care among 12‐ to 16‐year‐old children with Down syndrome in special needs centres in Jordan. Abstract: Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess oral health status, treatment needs, soft and hard tissue findings, as well as reasons for not attending dental care among children with Down syndrome (DS) registered in special needs centres in Jordan. Methods: The sample consisted of a total of 206 participants with a mean age of 13.66 ± 1.47 comprising 103 with DS and 103 age‐ and gender‐matched non‐DS/public school children. Clinical levels of oral hygiene were assessed using Simplified Oral hygiene index, and caries detection was carried out according to WHO caries recording criteria. Results: Children who had DS had a significantly higher percentage of surfaces with severe gingival index (39.9 ± 9.1 versus 15.9 ± 8.0, P < 0.001) and a higher mean of probing pocket depth than children without DS (2.27 ± 0.2 versus 1.81 ± 0.32, P < 0.000). Significantly more peg‐shaped maxillary lateral incisors and retained primary teeth (P < 0.001) were observed in subjects with DS, compared with non‐DS children. Average decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) was significantly lower in male children with DS compared with male non‐DS children only (P = 0.034). The most common reason cited for not taking children to the dentist for DS group was ‘Not aware of the dental problems of their children’ and for non‐DS groups ‘No awareness of the importance of dental visit’ (61.2% and 53%, respectively). Conclusions: While having similar caries level, Jordanian teenagers with DS had more dental anomalies, poorer periodontal health and less dental attendance than age‐ and gender‐matched non‐DS/public school children.     

上海市5岁本地和外来儿童患龋状况和口腔健康行为的调查

目的分析上海市5岁本地和外来儿童患龋状况和口腔健康行为的差异,为设计口腔卫生服务项目和相关政策制订提供信息支持。方法采用分层等容量随机抽样方法,调查上海市共575名5岁儿童口腔健康状况,并对家长进行相关问卷调查。结果 5岁乳牙患龋率为65.74%,龋均为3.35,本地儿童明显低于外来儿童(P<0.05)。5岁儿童龋失补充填构成比为12.57%,本地和外来儿童有显著差异(P<0.01)。外来儿童睡前进食甜食的比例高于本地儿童(P<0.05)。外来儿童每天刷牙2次及以上的仅占19.44%,明显低于本地儿童(P<0.01)。从没看过牙的外来儿童比例比本地儿童更高(P<0.01)。结论上海外来儿童患龋状况和口腔健康行为均比本地儿童差,未来需加强对外来儿童的口腔保健力度,有针对性地采取防治措施及健康教育,提高儿童口腔健康整体水平。     

Oral health condition of 12-year-old handicapped children in Flanders (Belgium)

Abstract The dental condition of 626 12-year-old handicapped children with mild mental or moderate to severe mental retardation or learning impairment, being 25% of the population of each of these groups, was examined in Flanders. An evaluation of oral cleanliness showed poor oral hygiene in 31.8% of the children. No significant differences were found in oral cleanliness among types of handicapping conditions. The mean DMFT score was 2.9 (s: 2.6) and DMFS score was 5.4 (s: 5.6). Almost 21% of the children were free of caries or fillings. No significant differences were found among groups of handicapped children. Handicapped children presented a low level of restorative care (restorative index score: 48.7%). Mildly mentally retarded children demonstrated the lowest restorative index (43.9%). The caries experience of first permanent molars represented the largest part of the DMFT score (64.1%). Sealants were present in 7.9% of children examined. A considerable percentage of mildly mentally retarded children and learning impaired children did not brush daily (22.1% and 20.9%) and did not receive help with toothbrushing from their parents or carers (91.0% and 94.7%, respectively).     

The oral health status of 4,732 adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities

BackgroundTwo reports by the U.S. surgeon general noted the disproportionate impact of oral disease on and lack of oral health information regarding people with disabilities.MethodsIn this retrospective study, the authors used clinical and demographic data (from April 1, 2009, through March 31, 2010) from electronic dental records of 4,732 adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) who were receiving dental care through a state-supported system of dental clinics. The authors used these data to investigate the oral health status of, and associated risk factors for, adults with IDD.ResultsThe prevalence of untreated caries in the study population was 32.2 percent, of periodontitis was 80.3 percent and of edentulism was 10.9 percent. The mean (standard deviation) numbers of decayed teeth; missing teeth; and decayed, missing and filled teeth were 1.0 (2.2), 6.7 (7.0) and 13.9 (7.7), respectively.ConclusionsManagement of oral health presents significant challenges in adults with IDD. Age, ability to cooperate with dental treatment and type of residence are important considerations in identifying preventive strategies.Clinical ImplicationsThe study population demonstrated a high burden of dental disease. Further research is required to identify effective interventions to improve oral health in adults with IDD.     

泰州市6～7岁儿童口腔健康状况、行为及其影响因素的调查研究

目的 调查泰州市6～7岁儿童的口腔健康状况和及其影响因素。方法 随机抽取泰州市10所小学1 800名6～7岁儿童,按WHO龋病诊断标准调查儿童患龋情况。采用母亲问卷和教师问卷的调查方法收集儿童的口腔健康态度、行为以及相关影响因素。结果 泰州市1 800名6～7岁儿童乳牙患龋率为68.2%,龋均为3.54,龋面均为8.24;恒牙患龋率为5.2%,龋均为0.07,面均为0.08,33.80%的儿童每天刷牙2次以上,59.10%的儿童每天刷牙1次,4.62%的儿童很少或从不刷牙。61.28%的儿童使用含氟牙膏。大约25.32%的儿童在过去1年拜访过牙医,59.20%儿童每天吃含糖食品3次以上。结论 泰州市儿童患龋率高于全国2008年口腔流行病学调查结果。