超声引导下粗针穿刺活检在肺周围型肿块诊断中的临床应用价值

目的 探讨超声引导下粗针穿刺活检对肺周围型肿块的临床诊断价值.方法 选取88例肺周围型肿块患者,采用超声引导下粗针穿刺活检,所有取材标本进行病理组织学检查.结果 88例患者一次穿刺成功率为96.6%(85/88).穿刺组织用于病理诊断满意率为100.0%.并发症发生率为3.4%(3/88).行穿刺活检诊断病理88例,行免疫组化检查55例,行基因检测25例.82例均获得明确的病理诊断结果,诊断准确率93.2%.结论 对于超声能显示的肺周围型肿块,超声引导下粗针穿刺活检具有安全性高、操作简单、定位准确等优点,获得病理诊断的组织标本还可用于基因检测,为患者个性化治疗方案提供指导,有较高临床价值,值得推广应用.     

CT引导下经皮肺及纵隔穿刺细胞学评价

目的评价针吸细胞学在CT引导下经皮肺及纵隔穿刺中的诊断价值,探讨提高细胞学诊断阳性率的方法.方法 CT引导下,对经皮肺及纵隔穿刺标本行细胞学检查,常规制片,HE染色,光镜下诊断,并与相应活检组织学对照分析.结果肺穿刺141例,细胞学诊断恶性病变83例,良性病变24例,细胞学确诊率75.89%(107/141).原发纵隔肿物穿刺10例,仅一例确诊.结论 CT引导下针吸细胞学诊断是临床诊断治疗的重要依据,可提高肺癌的早期诊断率,同时结合组织病理学检查可减少假阴性诊断.     

CT引导肺穿刺组织学与印片细胞学的联合应用

目的评价CT引导下肺穿刺同时行组织学与印片细胞学检查的诊断价值和并发症。方法收集134例CT引导肺部穿刺活检病例作回顾性分析。统计印片细胞学、组织学以及2者结合的敏感性和并发症,并分析其影响因素。结果110例穿刺确诊为恶性肿瘤。穿刺未发现癌细胞者22例,后经手术和随访证实其中假阴性2例。组织学敏感性为82.1%(92/112),印片细胞学敏感性为87.5%(98/112),二者结合敏感性为98.2%(110/112),假阴性率为9.1%(2/22)。气胸发生率为7.5%(10/134),出血、喀血率为11.9%(13/134),仅有2例出血较多,需紧急处理。结论CT引导经皮肺穿刺是敏感性高和安全的定性诊断方法,如同时行组织学及印片细胞学检查,可提高诊断的敏感性,降低假阴性。     

肺肿块超声定位活检临床价值回顾分析

目的探讨超声定位下经皮穿刺活检对肺肿块的诊断和鉴别诊断价值.方法用16G、14G活检针在超声定位下对肺肿块 156例进行多点取材病检.结果本组恶性肿块134例,良性22例.取材满意率96.2%(150/156),并发症发生率2.6%(4/156).结论超声定位下经皮穿刺对肺肿块活检的敏感性、准确性高,并发症低,是帮助临床确诊病变性质的有效方法.     

CT导引下肺穿刺组织学与印片细胞学联合应用的价值

目的评价CT引导下肺穿刺同时行组织学与印片细胞学检查的诊断价值。方法收集134例CT引导肺部穿刺活检病例做回顾性分析。统计印片细胞学、组织学以及两者结合的敏感性及假阴性率,并分析其影响因素。结果110例穿刺确诊为恶性肿瘤。穿刺未发现癌细胞者22例,后经随访证实其中假阴性2例。组织学敏感性为82.1%(92/112),印片细胞学敏感性为87.5%(98/112),二者结合敏感性为98.2%(110/112),假阴性率为9.1%(2/22)。结论CT引导经皮肺穿刺是敏感性高的定性诊断方法,如同时行组织学及印片细胞学检查,可提高诊断的敏感性,降低假阴性。     

超声检查和细针穿刺细胞学检查对小乳腺癌术前诊断的意义

目的: 将超声检查和细针穿刺细胞学检查与病理结果对照,评估超声检查和细针穿刺细胞学检查单独应用在乳腺癌诊断中的价值.方法: 对可以扪及乳腺肿块(<2cm)的患者行超声检查和细针穿刺细胞学检查,再行肿块切除常规病理检查,比较超声检查和细针穿刺细胞学检查的结果.结果: 在128例乳腺肿块(<2cm)患者中,有48例病理诊断为乳腺癌.超声检查诊断乳腺癌敏感性为61.8%(21/34),特异性为80.8%(59/73).细针穿刺细胞学诊断乳腺癌敏感性为95.6%(43/45),特异性为87.1%(27/31).超声检查和细针穿刺细胞学检查的特异性无明显差异(P>0.05).但细针穿刺细胞学检查的敏感性明显优于超声检查(P<0.05).结论: 细针穿刺细胞学检查在小乳腺癌诊断中具有较高的价值.     

超声引导下经皮肺部肿瘤穿刺细胞学诊断价值探讨

目的探讨肺部肿瘤超声引导经皮穿刺细胞学检查的准确性、适应征及应用价值.方法应用超声引导对148例患者进行穿刺细胞学检查,12例经手术病理证实.结果阳性108例(70.3%),可疑阳性7例(4.7%),阴性30例(20.9%),穿刺失败3例(2.3%).结论超声引导下经皮肺部穿刺细胞学对肺部肿瘤的诊断准确率高,值得广泛应用.     

经支气管针吸活检术联合超声内镜引导下经食管细针穿刺活检术在纵隔肺门病变中的诊断价值

目的 探讨经支气管针吸活检术(TBNA)联合超声内镜引导下经食管细针穿刺活检术(EUS-FNA)在纵隔、肺门病变的定性诊断及肺癌N分期中的应用价值.方法 对129例影像学检查提示存在纵隔、肺门病变的患者行TBNA或EUS-FNA,穿刺标本均行病理和细胞学检查.结果 联合应用TBNA和EUS-FNA的诊断率为89.9%(116/129),其中行TBNA 59例,诊断率为84.7%(50/59);行EUS-FNA 70例,诊断率为94.3%(66/70).细胞学和病理学诊断率分别为92.2%(107/116)和87.9%(102/116).通过病理检查,可使诊断率提高8.4%(9/107).116例通过穿刺诊断的患者中,有103例患者得到明确组织分型,细胞学和病理组织分型诊断率分别为73.8%(76/103)和89.3%(92/103).通过病理检查,可使组织分型诊断率提高35.5%(27/76).结论 联合应用TBNA和EUS-FNA能扩大穿刺技术对纵隔肺门病变的诊断范围,提高诊断水平.病理检查可提高TBNA和EUS-FNA的诊断率和组织分型的诊断率.     

经支气管针吸活检术联合超声内镜引导下经食管细针穿刺活检术在纵隔肺门病变中的诊断价值

目的 探讨经支气管针吸活检术(TBNA)联合超声内镜引导下经食管细针穿刺活检术(EUS-FNA)在纵隔、肺门病变的定性诊断及肺癌N分期中的应用价值.方法 对129例影像学检查提示存在纵隔、肺门病变的患者行TBNA或EUS-FNA,穿刺标本均行病理和细胞学检查.结果 联合应用TBNA和EUS-FNA的诊断率为89.9%(116/129),其中行TBNA 59例,诊断率为84.7%(50/59);行EUS-FNA 70例,诊断率为94.3%(66/70).细胞学和病理学诊断率分别为92.2%(107/116)和87.9%(102/116).通过病理检查,可使诊断率提高8.4%(9/107).116例通过穿刺诊断的患者中,有103例患者得到明确组织分型,细胞学和病理组织分型诊断率分别为73.8%(76/103)和89.3%(92/103).通过病理检查,可使组织分型诊断率提高35.5%(27/76).结论 联合应用TBNA和EUS-FNA能扩大穿刺技术对纵隔肺门病变的诊断范围,提高诊断水平.病理检查可提高TBNA和EUS-FNA的诊断率和组织分型的诊断率.     

经支气管针吸活检术联合超声内镜引导下经食管细针穿刺活检术在纵隔肺门病变中的诊断价值

目的 探讨经支气管针吸活检术(TBNA)联合超声内镜引导下经食管细针穿刺活检术(EUS-FNA)在纵隔、肺门病变的定性诊断及肺癌N分期中的应用价值.方法 对129例影像学检查提示存在纵隔、肺门病变的患者行TBNA或EUS-FNA,穿刺标本均行病理和细胞学检查.结果 联合应用TBNA和EUS-FNA的诊断率为89.9%(116/129),其中行TBNA 59例,诊断率为84.7%(50/59);行EUS-FNA 70例,诊断率为94.3%(66/70).细胞学和病理学诊断率分别为92.2%(107/116)和87.9%(102/116).通过病理检查,可使诊断率提高8.4%(9/107).116例通过穿刺诊断的患者中,有103例患者得到明确组织分型,细胞学和病理组织分型诊断率分别为73.8%(76/103)和89.3%(92/103).通过病理检查,可使组织分型诊断率提高35.5%(27/76).结论 联合应用TBNA和EUS-FNA能扩大穿刺技术对纵隔肺门病变的诊断范围,提高诊断水平.病理检查可提高TBNA和EUS-FNA的诊断率和组织分型的诊断率.     

Ultrasonographically guided biopsy of thoracic tumors. A comparison of large-bore cutting biopsy with fine-needle aspiration.

A prospective study to compare the safety and diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonographically guided transthoracic large-bore cutting biopsy histologic examination with fine-needle aspiration cytologic examination was conducted in 149 patients with thoracic tumors (29 mediastinal tumors and 120 pulmonary masses). The authors found that large-bore cutting biopsy under ultrasonographic guidance could be as safe as fine-needle aspiration, whereas diagnostic accuracy was significantly higher (97% versus 59% in malignant tumors, respectively, P less than 0.05; 85% versus 33% in benign lesions, respectively, P less than 0.05). The size, depth, and location of lesions did not influence the results of transthoracic needle aspiration or cutting biopsy. In 77 patients with primary lung cancer, fine-needle aspiration cytologic examination, although achieving 88% positive cytologic results, identified the histologic cell type accurately in only 70%, whereas Tru-Cut (Top Surgical, Tokyo, Japan) biopsy was 97% accurate in confirmative histologic diagnosis. Fourteen patients had discordant cytologic and histologic diagnoses, and the cases of 3 (3.9%) were between small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. The diagnostic accuracy of Tru-Cut biopsy also was significantly higher than that of fine-needle aspiration in metastatic cancers (90% versus 33%, respectively) and mediastinal tumors (100% versus 46%, respectively). The authors conclude that transthoracic cutting biopsy under ultrasonographic guidance is safe and has a higher diagnostic accuracy as compared with fine-needle aspiration. This technique is particularly useful for benign lesions or tumors with pleomorphic morphologic characteristics, such as lymphomas and thymomas.     

Evaluation of fine-needle aspiration biopsy under direct vision gastrofiberscopy in diagnosis of diffusely infiltrative carcinoma of the stomach

The accuracy of diagnosis of diffusely infiltrative carcinoma of the stomach by direct endoscopic biopsy and cytologic examination were examined. A histologic diagnosis was made in 54 (83.1%) and a cytologic diagnosis in 49 (75.4%) of 65 patients. By combined histologic and cytologic examinations, the overall diagnostic rate was raised to 87.7%. False-negative results were most frequent for tumors without erosions or shallow ulcerations. Positive diagnoses from histologic examination were usually obtained from erosions or ulcerations rather than from normal-appearing mucosa. These findings indicate that endoscopic detection of erosion or ulceration and subsequent biopsy are important for the diagnosis of diffusely infiltrative carcinomas. The authors developed a procedure for heparinized fine-needle aspiration biopsy under direct vision with a gastrofiberscope. In this procedure, heparinization of the needle and injector prevented blood coagulation. This made it possible to obtain good smears containing less degenerated tumor cells, and to obtain histologic materials. By this method, a correct cytologic diagnosis was made in all 11 patients examined. Histologic material was obtained from four patients in whom histologic and cytologic information on cancer could not be obtained by routine endoscopic examination.     

How much brushing is enough for the diagnosis of lung tumors?

BACKGROUND. Bronchoscopic investigations of lung tumors require high diagnostic accuracy. Sometimes the combination of brush biopsy with cytologic and histologic examination of forceps-obtained biopsy specimens fails to diagnose tumors. Techniques with a minimum risk and low cost when repeated several times could increase the efficiency of tumor diagnosis and help to avoid rebronchoscopy. METHODS. Repeated brush biopsies were done during one bronchoscopic examination in 270 patients with pulmonary neoplasias using a flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope guided by radiographic video fluoroscopy. The results of up to five brush biopsies were compared for their diagnostic sensitivity. RESULTS. Singly, 68-77% of the specimens showed malignant findings. With repeated brushing, the sensitivity of the diagnostic accuracy increased to 89.6%. In the periphery of the bronchial tree, the sensitivity of brush biopsy was slightly lower in bronchoscopically invisible tumors. In 222 of 242 (91.7%) patients with positive results of brush biopsy, there was agreement in the final typing of tumor morphology. CONCLUSION. For routine bronchoscopy, repeated brush biopsy should be done to obtain the highest diagnostic yield.     

超声引导下经皮乳腺粗针活检术的临床应用

目的:探讨在超声引导下经皮粗针活检术(CNB)在乳腺占位性病变诊断中的临床应用。方法:用Bard 14G、16G切割针自动活检枪在超声引导下经皮穿刺16例患者的18个乳腺占位性病变,所取组织进行组织病理诊断,并与术后病理检查结果相比较。结果:18个乳腺占位性病变中,穿刺活检良性7例、恶性11例,病理诊断良性3例、恶性15例,假阴性4例,诊断准确率83.3%。超声引导下14G切割针取材成功率100%。所有病例穿刺活检后均无并发症发生。结论:超声引导下经皮粗针活检术操作简单,安全可靠,对乳腺占位性病变的诊断准确率高,并发症发生率低,是临床确定乳腺占位性病变性质的有效方法。     

Cytologic diagnosis of fibrous tissue tumors

A histocytologic examination of 118 cases of tumors of the fibrous tissue (64 benign and 54 malignant) was performed. Cytologic examination provided a means for identification of tumor in 80.5% and histologic pattern in 60% of cases. Intraoperative cytologic examination of tumor prints assured a reliable identification of histologic pattern of fibrous tumors in 85.7%.     

Fine-needle aspiration biopsy in parotid masses

Seventy-nine cases of parotid masses were punctured by fine needle for cytologic examination and subsequently operated on. Of the material obtained, conventional smears, as well as formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded histologic sections were prepared. The two procedures detected 16 malignant tumors and 63 nonmalignant lesions, with a high sensitivity (86%) and absolute specificity (100%). These data confirm the validity of this combined method and favor the complementary use of the two procedures, which improves the accuracy (80%) of preoperative diagnosis and histologic typing of parotid tumors.     

The cytomorphological diagnosis of benign tumors of the peripheral nervous system]

Results of cytologic examination of punctates, imprints and scrapings as well as histologic sections of benign tumors of peripheral nerves surgically removed from 95 patients were used to study peculiarities of cytologic appearance and develop criteria for cytologic identification of the nature and histogenesis of those tumors. The analysis outlined the role of cytologic examination of punctates in complex preoperative diagnosis of peripheral nerve tumors. The procedure established the benign nature of tumor in 75.5% of cases whereas its histologic pattern was identified in 55.5%.     

超声引导经皮肺穿刺在周围型肺部病变诊断中的价值

目的 探讨超声引导经皮肺穿刺在周围型肺部病变诊断中的临床应用价值及安全性。方法 选取我院173例肺周围型病变的患者,其中男性108例,在超声引导下行穿刺细胞学和组织病理学活检,分析活检的临床价值和并发症情况。结果 所有病例在超声引导下均穿刺成功。经细胞学和组织病理学综合诊断166例,其中恶性肿瘤91例,炎性、肺结核及其他良性病变75例。仅22例发生轻微并发症,其中出血9例,气胸13例。结论 超声实时引导肺周围型病变穿刺活检是一项有效、安全的诊断措施。     

A Comparative Study of the Diagnostic Utility of Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (EUS-FNA) versus Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Biopsy (EUS-FNB) in Pancreatic and Non-Pancreatic Lesions

Objectives: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) has become the procedure of choice to obtain samples from pancreatic lesions. However, it still has limitations affecting its diagnostic yield. The endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy (EUS-FNB) needle was developed to allow acquisition of histological core. We conducted this study to compare the diagnostic yield of the Echotip 22Gauge FNA needle with the 22Gauge acquire FNB needle in pancreatic and non-pancreatic lesions. Materials and Methods: This prospective study was carried out on 100 cases of pancreatic and non-pancreatic lesions referred to El-Ebrashi unit of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, internal medicine department, Kasr Al-Aini hospital. The patients included were then randomized for sampling using either the standard Echotip 22Gauge FNA needle or 22Gauge acquire FNB needle. Results: Patients were 57 males and 43 females with a mean age of 58±15 years. Seventy-eight patients had pancreatic lesions, while twenty-two patients had non-pancreatic lesions. Half of the patients (50 cases) underwent EUS-FNA, and the other half (50 cases) underwent EUS-FNB. The presence of adequate tissue core was significantly higher in the FNB group. In contrast, smear cellularity was not significantly different between both groups. FNB had more sensitivity and accuracy depending on cell block/tissue core examination only for diagnosing pancreatic lesions. Blood contamination was higher in cell blocks of the FNA group. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in the combined cytologic and histologic evaluation were 100%. Based on smear only or tissue only, the specificity was 100%, but the sensitivity and accuracy were decreased in both techniques. No complications were reported in both techniques. Conclusion: EUS-guided FNA and FNB are safe with comparable diagnostic accuracy in pancreatic and non-pancreatic lesions. FNB improved the histopathological quality of specimens with little blood contamination. Depending on tissue examination only in diagnosing pancreatic lesions, FNB had more sensitivity and diagnostic accuracy.     

超声介导下细针穿刺活检在腮腺肿瘤术前诊断中的应用价值

目的分析超声介导下细针穿刺活检(USFNA)在腮腺肿瘤术前诊断中应用的价值。方法回顾性分析2011年10月至2013年10月间外科就诊的腮腺肿瘤患者120例,所有患者术前均行USFNA诊断,并与术后病理学诊断比较。结果 USFNA定性诊断总相符率为92.5%,与病理学诊断完全一致的总准确率为74.2%。其中良性肿瘤定性诊断相符率为92.9%,准确率为77.4%;恶性肿瘤定性诊断相符率为91.7%,准确率为66.7%。结论 USFNA鉴别良恶性腮腺肿瘤安全快速,准确率高,临床并发症少,是术前重要的常规检查之一。