山羊的超排处理及影响因素的研究

本试验比较了FSH的剂量、供体羊的年龄与经产情况、不同季节及环境条件对奶山羊超数排卵效果的影响。从统计分析可以看出 ,不同批号的FSH超数排卵用的剂量不完全相同 ,并且同一批号的FSH剂量在其一定的剂量范围内变化时 ,对本地山羊和奶山羊的超数排卵效果影响不显著 (P >0 .0 5) ;经产羊做供体的超排效果明显好于青年羊 (P <0 .0 5) ;在供体羊体况良好的情况下 ,经合适的同期化及超排处理 ,春季山羊的超排效果并不比秋季差 ;塔城本地山羊与奶山羊在呼图壁的超数排卵效果无明显差异 (P >0 .0 5) ,而与奶山羊在塔城的超数排卵效果有显著差异 (P <0 .0 5) ,并且 ,同一批奶山羊在塔城地区种羊场和在呼图壁种牛场分别进行超数排卵处理 ,结果排卵效果有极显著的差异 (P <0 .0 1 ) ,这主要是由于塔城地区 1 0月份气温比呼图壁的气温偏低 ,从而影响了奶山羊的超数排卵效果     

山羊用CIDR+FSH超数排卵处理的效果与卵母细胞成熟情况观察

本试验于 2 0 0 2年 10月在塔城地区种羊场进行。主要是利用CIDR +FSH对山羊进行同期发情、超排处理。试验结果得出FSH不同剂量两组的发情率均为 10 0 % ,发情时间集中在CIDR撤除后 12～ 2 4h内 ,超数排卵效果、卵母细胞回收率差异显著 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,两组间卵母细胞体内成熟时间无显著差异。     

不同环境对山羊超排效果的影响

本试验比较了不同环境条件对奶山羊超数排列效果的影响。从统计分析可以看出，塔城本地山羊与奶山羊在呼图壁的超数排卵效果无明显差异，而与奶山羊在塔城的超数排卵效果有显著差异，并且，同一批奶山羊在塔城地区种百场和在呼图壁种牛场分别进行超数排卵处理，结果排卵效果有极显著的差异。     

用FSH和PMSG超排不同品种山羊的对比试验

对南江黄羊和雷州山羊进行PSH和PMSG超排效果对比试验。a、采用减量注射法肌肉注射FSH，每天两次，连续3d，总计量为7．5rag。b、一次性肌注PMSG1OOOIU；母羊发情后注射hCG400IU，随即配种，间隔8～10h复配一次。配种后24～30h后，手术从供试羊输卵管取胚。结果表明：1、使用FSH和PMSG进行山羊超排均有较好的效果，平均有效率达80％以上。两者相比，FSH处理组排卵整齐，且胚胎合格率高，效果要优于PMSG。2、品种本身繁殖性能的高低对超排效果有明显的影响。     

LH对超数排卵母牛胚胎产量的影响

Donaldson等(1985、1986)首次报道了FSH中LH的污染会降低母牛对超数排卵的反应。Hammond等(1944)报道,母牛对标准数量FSH的超排反应有很大差异,但直到Monneaux(1983)和Moor(1984)才阐明卵泡发育的动态性和对外源促性腺激素的反应。因此,学者开始研究更有效的超数排卵技术。Murphy等(1984)和Lindsell等(1986)报道商品性FSH制品中的LH含量较高,且变异较大。超数排卵激素中LH过多会引起卵母细胞的受精力降低,在超数     

孕酮海绵栓制剂对提高波尔山羊繁殖率的研究

波尔山羊发情不明显。为此我们自行设计了孕酮阴道海绵栓制剂 ,在四个波尔山羊种羊场进行人工诱导发情试验研究 ,结果表明 ,配合注射FSH、hCG等药物 ,孕酮阴道海绵栓制剂可有效地诱导母羊发情 ,在发情季节和乏情季节的发情率分别为 85.7%、83% ,哺乳母羊和断乳母羊的发情率分别为 33%、1 0 0 % ,长期不发情的母羊发情率为 85% ,且发情母羊的情期受胎率为 1 0 0 %。配合FSH递减法可有效地诱导超数排卵 ,4只成年母羊共收集到 4 3枚可用胚胎 ,超排效果明显     

影响奶牛超数排卵效果的因素分析和探讨

影响奶牛超数排卵效果的因素分析和探讨梁洪云，吐尔逊，吐芽（巴州畜科所）超数排卵技术是胚胎移植工作中一项最关键的技术环节，由于超排是一个复杂的生理过程，受很多因素的影响，奶牛对超数排卵处理的反应，受体况、体重、季节、营养状况、发情周期的阶段、产后时间阶...     

影响牛超数排卵的几个因素

二十世纪40年代以来,人们已对牛超数排卵进行了大量的研究。不过,超排处理排卵反应的差异问题仍然限制着胚胎移植的效果。已有许多学者对影响供体超排效果的一些因素进行了统计学分析。这些因素主要包括:所用激素种类、季节、品种、年龄、营养、健康状况及超排处理时间(在发情周期中的天数)。也有报道表明超排效果与所用激素种类无关,而与供体母牛的质量有关。超     

海南黑山羊幼畜诱导卵泡发育与体外胚胎移植的应用研究

本研究旨在提高海南黑山羊幼畜诱导卵泡超数发育与体外胚胎移植扩繁后代的应用效率。比较了供体羔羊激素处理方案、羔羊卵母细胞体外成熟体系,并通过幼畜体外胚胎移植扩繁。结果发现,采用间隔12 h对供体羔羊连续6次等剂量肌肉注射FSH,在最后一次注射FSH的同时给予250 IU PMSG,获得的卵泡数、卵母细胞数以及体外受精后胚胎卵裂率均显著高于其他实验组。比较羔羊卵母细胞体外成熟体系发现,200 nM C型利钠肽预孵育4 h然后体外成熟26 h的羔羊卵母细胞,体外受精胚胎的卵裂率和囊胚形成显著优于常规成熟组和其他实验组。此外,通过幼畜体外胚胎移植获得了35只健康后代,平均产羔率达42.9%。综上,本研究对于开展JIVET技术体系在黑山羊种群扩繁的应用具有重要的意义。     

影响德国美利奴母羊两次超排移植效果因素分析

对同一批德国美利奴羊供体母羊采用输卵管法、子宫角法进行超排胚移,使用的FSH总剂量也不同,取得不同的效果： 采用输卵管法,FSH总剂量为84单位/只,对17只供体母羊进行超排,采胚13只,平均每只供体采集胚胎11.77枚,其中可用胚胎10.92枚.移植受体142只,产羔61只,产羔率42.96%;采用子宫角法,FSH总剂量为120单位/只对上述17只供体母羊进行超排,采胚13只,平均每只供体采集胚胎6.23枚,其中可用胚胎6.07枚,移植受体78只,产羔51只,产羔率66.82%.结果显示：不同的采胚方法、不同的超排剂量、供体羊的年龄、体重对供体羊的超排效果有影响;而不同的孕激素材料、母羊的生理状态以及体膘对受体的同期发情和移植后的受胎率有影响。     

胚胎移植产美国褐牛超排、采卵效果观察

为了改良当地新疆褐牛品种，用胚胎移植产美国褐牛进行了超排、采卵操作，结果表明：不同超排剂量间的处理结果中产胚数、可用胚数、A级胚数差异显著（P〈0．05）。FSH（促卵泡素）注射剂量为9．5mg的美国褐牛胚胎可用率、胚胎质量高于注射剂量为10．5mg的美国褐牛；青年母牛和成母牛间的处理结果中产胚数、可用胚数、A级胚数、B级胚数差异均极显著（P〈0．01）。青年母牛表现出良好的超排、产卵性能。     

微卫星标记OarAE101和MCM38在三个山羊品种中的遗传多态性研究

本文利用两个微卫星标记OarAE101和MCM38对波尔山羊、太行山羊和河北奶山羊的等位基因频率、群体多态信息含量、有效等位基因数和杂合度进行了遗传检测，结果表明：微卫星位点OarAE101和MCM38在三个山羊品种中存在多态性，可以用于山羊遗传多样性的评估；位点OarAE101比位点MCM38变异较大，从不同品种来看，波尔山羊的遗传变异程度最大，而河北奶山羊的遗传变异程度相对较小。     

影响家畜超排效果因素和几种超排方法

本文综述了影响造成家畜超排放效果不稳定的因素，对这些因素（动物因素和药物因素）进行了较详细的分析和比较，最后介绍了几种超排方法。     

体重体尺指标对萨福克羊超排效果的影响

绵羊胚胎移植技术已经研究推广多年,但在实际应用中对供体超数排卵这一环节的效果还存在不稳定性,个体差异明显。实验拟从供体的体重体尺指标方面分析非环境因素对萨福克羊超排效果的影响,旨在掌握影响因素影响超排的变化规律,为提高羊肉的商品率提供基础。通过对157只萨福克供体羊在超排处理前进行体重体尺等数据(体重、体高、胸围、体斜长)的测量,并与最终冲胚结果数据进行相关性分析,从而判断体重体尺指标是否为影响萨福克羊的超排效果的因素。结果表明:供体萨福克母羊的体重与各体尺指标之间均呈极显著正相关(P﹤0.01),体重与冲胚数据中的回收胚胎数之间呈显著正相关(0.01﹤P﹤0.05),通过分析可得,体重为影响本地萨福克羊超排效果的因素之一。     

新疆南疆绒山羊高产不孕羊诱导发情效果分析

为了挖掘优秀南疆绒山羊的繁殖潜力,充分利用其产绒量高的生产性能,我们采用"炔诺酮阴道栓 促卵泡素 氯前列烯醇"的诱导发情处理方法,对280只生产性能高而长期不发情的南疆绒山羊进行了诱导发情处理.试验将280只南疆绒山羊随机分为三个处理批次,其中第一批次100只,第二批次100只,第三批次80只.记录分析了发情同期率、发情持续时间和发情开始时间.结果发现南疆绒山羊发情同期率为31.79%,从撤除阴道栓到发情的间隔时间平均为43.82 h,发情羊只的平均发情持续时间为43.69 h.表明采用该诱导发情的方法可以使部分优秀南疆绒山羊恢复发情排卵,从而达到充分利用其生产性能的目的.     

In vivo assessment of macromolecular content in articular cartilage of the goat knee.

Loss of proteoglycans (PGs) from the extracellular matrix of cartilage is an early event of osteoarthritis. The capability of Gd(DTPA)(2-)-enhanced MRI to quantitatively assess PG content was explored in a goat model of cartilage degeneration. Partial to total PG depletion was induced by an intraarticular injection of papain 1 day prior to the MRI session. A close correlation was found between the extent of the PG loss and the Gd(DTPA)(2-)-induced T(1) decrease. Papain-induced PG depletion was confirmed by post-mortem histological and biochemical assessments. A 2-hr delay after Gd(DTPA)(2-) injection was found to be optimal for an accurate quantitation of the cartilage defect. A series of knee flexions were performed post-Gd(DTPA)(2-) injection to facilitate penetration of the contrast agent into cartilage. However, DeltaT(1)'s observed in cartilage of exercised goat knees were not affected by papain or IL1beta pretreatment. Therefore, as long as a preinjection T(1) map was obtained, the Gd(DTPA)(2-)-enhanced MRI technique provided good sensitivity in detecting partial loss of PG in articular cartilage. This was true only when the animal was maintained in a resting state during diffusion of the Gd(DTPA)(2-). This approach is of particular interest for long-term evaluations of cartilage degeneration and regeneration.     

Ovarian function after uterine artery embolization for leiomyomata: assessment with use of serum follicle stimulating hormone assay

PURPOSE: To determine if uterine artery embolization (UAE) for leiomyomata causes a change in ovarian function as measured by serial basal follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) assay. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-three patients undergoing UAE for symptomatic leiomyomata had blood samples obtained on day 3 of a menstrual cycle before UAE and on day 3 during menstrual cycles 3 and 6 months after treatment. Analysis of variance was used to detect differences in FSH levels among age groups at each interval. Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to determine if individual mean change occurred for the group as a whole and for each age group. Onset of new menopausal symptoms was compared between groups with use of the chi(2) test. RESULTS: There was no significant change in basal FSH levels for the group as a whole (P =.16), but there was a statistically significant difference when age groups were compared (P =.03). Individual change of >2 SD from baseline mean FSH level occurred at 6 months in seven patients, all 45-50 years of age. Four of these patients (15% of patients over age 44) had FSH levels increase to more than 20 IU/L. chi(2) analysis did not reveal any difference among the groups studied in the onset of menopausal symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Most patients had no change in ovarian function as measured by basal FSH after UAE. For patients aged 45 or older, there is approximately a 15% chance of an increase in basal FSH into the perimenopausal range.     

育龄期妇女月经紊乱与卵巢储备功能下降的关系

目的 探讨育龄期妇女月经紊乱症状与卵巢储备功能下降的关系.方法 回顾分析2009年11月—2011年8月收治的282例育龄妇女的临床资料,其中对照组101例,均为月经正常者,月经紊乱组181例,均为近1年出现月经紊乱患者.月经紊乱组按月经紊乱持续时间长短分为3个亚组:A组(n=47),月经紊乱持续1～4个月,B组(n=59),月经紊乱持续5～8个月,C组(n=75),月经紊乱持续9～12个月;按月经改变类型分为4个亚组:组1(n=62),经量减少;组2(n=27),经量增多;组3(n=35),周期缩短;组4(n=57),周期延长.比较对照组与月经紊乱组间,A、B、C3个亚组之间年龄、血清卵泡刺激素(FSH)、血清促黄体生成素(LH)、血清雌二醇(E2)、FSH/LH比值和窦卵泡(AFC)数目,并比较组1、组2、组3、组4上述指标与对照组的差异.结果 月经紊乱组的年龄、基础FSH水平、FSH/LH比值均明显高于对照组(P＜0.05),AFC数目则低于对照组(P＜0.05);月经紊乱组A、B、C3个亚组的年龄、FSH值、LH值、FSH/LH比值、AFC数目比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),且随着月经紊乱持续时间的延长,年龄、FSH值、FSH/LH比值呈上升趋势,LH值和AFC数目呈下降趋势;组1、组2、组4的FSH值与对照组比较均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),4个亚组的FSH/LH比值与对照组比较均明显升高(P＜0.05),而AFC数目均明显降低(P＜0.05),以组3为最低.结论 月经紊乱育龄期妇女卵巢储备功能可能已下降,月经紊乱持续时间及月经周期改变可作为育龄妇女卵巢储备功能下降的敏感信号.     

History of deliberate self harm may predict methods of fatal self harm in the elderly

In this study we examined the association between methods of Deliberate Self Harm (DSH) by the elderly and their subsequent methods of Fatal Self Harm (FSH). Data was collected from the files of inquests into suicide by the elderly in Birmingham and Cheshire Coroner's Courts. All the subjects were above the age of 60, had history of deliberate self harm before the final act of fatal self harm and attracted either suicide or open verdict returned by the Coroners over a period of four years 1995-1998. We compared the methods of Deliberate Self Harm (DSH) to the methods of Fatal Self Harm (FSH) used by all the included elderly. 18 per cent of elderly victims of FSH had a previous history of DSH and in 35 per cent of the sample, the last known attempt of DSH occurred more than one year prior to the FSH. The majority of the methods that had been used in elderly DSH were used again in their final act of FSH. Nearly two thirds of all the elderly who died of an overdose had attempted suicide earlier by an overdose and one in five of those who died by hanging or drowning used the same method in an unsuccessful attempt of FSH within 12 months. A detailed history of DSH can improve the quality of risk assessment of self harm in the elderly. As more than one in three elderly victims of FSH attempted DSH more than a year prior to the final act, it is important when assessing an elderly DSH attempt that we obtain any previous case notes and question informants about the distant as well as the recent past.