绞股蓝总皂甙对血小板聚集和血栓形成的影响

研究了绞股蓝总皂甙(Gypenosides,GP)灌服给药对血小板聚集和血栓形成的影响。结果发现GP(50mg/kg,100mg/kg,ig)对二磷酸腺甙(ADP)、花生四烯酸(AA)及胶原诱导的大鼠血小板聚集有明显的抑制作用;体外实验表明GP(FC100μg/ml,20μg/ml)对血小板活化因子(PAF)诱导的家兔血小板聚集有明显的抑制作用。GP(100mg/kg,200mg/kg,ig)对大鼠实验性脑血栓、体外动脉血栓及小鼠肺血栓的形成均有明显的抑制作用。并呈剂量依赖关系。找示绞股蓝总皂甙为一血小板功能抑制剂。     

罗勒水提取物对ADP、凝血酶诱导的大鼠血小板聚集的影响

目的:探讨罗勒水提取物对二磷酸腺苷(ADP)、凝血酶诱导的大鼠血小板聚集的影响。方法:60只Wistar大鼠随机分为6组:生理盐水组、8.8mg/kg阿司匹林组、4.7mg/kg丹参滴丸组及200、300、500mg/kg罗勒水提取物3个剂量组,采用比浊法测定各组大鼠ADP、凝血酶诱导的血小板聚集率和抑制率。结果:与生理盐水组相比,罗勒水提取物3个剂量对ADP和凝血酶诱导的血小板聚集有明显的抑制作用(P均<0.05),作用强度与阿司匹林相似,与丹参滴丸组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),其中200、300、500mg/kg罗勒水提取物对ADP、凝血酶诱导的大鼠血小板聚集率分别为42.93%、53.81%、60.16%、60.43%和55.34%、59.41%。结论:罗勒水提取物对ADP、凝水酶诱导的大鼠血小板聚集具有抑制作用。     

绞股蓝总皂甙对血小板聚集和血栓形成的影响

研究了绞股蓝总皂甙（gypenosides，GP）灌服给药对血小板聚集和血栓形成的影响。结果发现GP（50、100mg／kg，ig）对二磷酸腺甙（ADP）、花生四烯酸（AA）及胶原诱导的大鼠血小板聚集有明显的抑制作用；体外实验表明GP（FC100、20μg／mL）对血小板活化因子（PAF）诱导的家兔血小板聚集有明显的抑制作用。GP（100、200mg／kg，ig）对大鼠实验性脑血栓、体外动脉血栓及小鼠肺血栓的形成均有明显的抑制作用。并呈剂量依赖关系。提示绞股蓝总皂甙为一血小板功能抑制剂。     

普疏舒对血小板聚集功能的影响

本文观察了普疏舒对大白鼠血小板聚集功能的影响。结果表明,连续灌胃给予普疏舒(105.8mg/kg和282.2mg/kg)对牛凝血酶诱导的大鼠血小板聚集有明显抑制作用,抑制率分别为0.86和0.67(P<0.01)。同样剂量的普疏舒亦可使ADP诱导的血小板聚集率降低0.67和0.44(P<0.01)。提示普疏舒具有对抗血小板聚集的作用。     

草棉花总黄酮对大鼠血小板聚集及脑血栓形成的影响

目的: 研究草棉花总黄酮对血小板聚集功能及对大鼠脑血栓形成的影响。方法: 采用比浊法测定血小板聚集功能,放免法测定血浆中TXB2、6 keto PGF1a的含量,经颈内动脉注射复合血栓诱导剂(1 ml/kg)诱发大鼠右侧大脑半球内血栓形成,观察总黄酮对大鼠脑电图、脑重量、脑内伊文思蓝含量的影响和脑病理切片。结果:总黄酮(50、200 mg/kg×7 d)对3种血小板聚集诱导剂分别引起的大鼠体外血小板聚集有抑制作用(P<0.01),其中剂量为200 mg/kg的总黄酮对ADP诱导的血小板聚集的抑制率为75%,对胶原诱导的血小板聚集的抑制率为73%,对凝血酶诱导的血小板聚集的抑制率为67%。总黄酮(50、200 mg/kg×7 d)可降低大鼠血浆中TXB2 的水平,增加大鼠血浆中6 keto PGF1a水平(P<0.01),并能对抗大鼠大脑血栓形成(P<0.01)。结论: 总黄酮可能通过影响血浆中TXA2 和PGI2 的含量而抑制血小板聚集从而发挥抗血栓作用。     

甲基莲心碱对家兔、大鼠及人血小板聚集功能的影响

以阿斯匹林为对照,观察甲基莲心碱(Nef)对家兔、大鼠及人血小板聚集功能的影响。结果表明,Nef体外能明显抑制ADP、Adr、胶原诱导的不同种属动物的血小板聚集,呈剂量依赖性。对ADP、胶原诱导的家兔血小板聚集IC_(50)分别为16、22 μmol/L;对ADP、胶原、Adr诱导的人血小板聚集的IC_(50)分别为35、102、89 μmol/L。Nef 500 μmol/L明显降低ADP诱导的高脂喂养大鼠的血小板聚集率,并出现解聚。等摩尔浓度时,Nef作用强于阿斯匹林。     

前列地尔微脂球制剂对大鼠血小板聚集率的影响

目的:研究前列地尔微脂球制剂对大鼠二磷酸腺苷(adenosine diphosphate,ADP)介导的血小板聚集率水平的影响。方法:将40只大鼠随机分为生理盐水对照组、阿司匹林对照组、小剂量组(5μg/kg)、大剂量组(10μg/kg),灌胃1次/d、连续10 d给药后取血,用ADP作血小板聚集的诱导剂,测定血小板3 min和5 min内最大聚集率。结果:前列地尔微脂球的2个剂量均能抑制ADP诱导的大鼠血小板3 min和5 min聚集率,大剂量组作用更明显。结论:前列地尔微脂球制剂可显著降低ADP诱导的大鼠血小板聚集率。     

溃结安对兔及溃疡性结肠炎模型大鼠血小板聚集的影响

目的: 研究溃结安对兔及溃疡性结肠炎(UC)模型大鼠血小板聚集的影响。方法: (1)麻醉兔后,颈动脉取血,制备富含血小板血浆(PRP),加入溃结安(0.45、0.90、1.80 g/L),用多功能血小板聚集仪测定二磷酸腺苷(ADP)诱导的血小板聚集率。(2)利用 2,4,6 三硝基苯磺酸(TNBS)诱发大鼠 UC,溃结安(50、100、200 mg/kg)灌肠20 d,摘眼球取血,制备 PRP,测定 ADP诱导的血小板聚集。结果:与空白对照组比较,溃结安(0.45、0.90、1.80 g/L)能明显抑制ADP诱导兔的体外血小板聚集率 (P均<0.01);与空白对照组比较,溃结安(50、100、200mg/kg)灌肠能降低UC模型大鼠ADP诱导的血小板聚集率(P均<0.01);溃结安用药呈一定量效关系。结论:初步证实溃结安能在体内及体外降低ADP诱导动物的血小板聚集率。     

熟大白菜汁对血小板聚集的影响

目的 观察熟大白菜汁体内、外对二磷酸腺苷(ADP)、胶原诱导的血小板聚集的影响.方法 将生理盐水和熟大白菜汁分别与正常人富血小板血浆(PRP)孵育,加入血小板聚集诱导剂,观察熟大白菜汁对血小板聚集的影响;普通白兔随机分为两组,分别定量饲以生理盐水、熟大白菜汁,观察不同时间后血小板聚集情况.结果 ADP、胶原诱导下,熟大白菜汁与对照组相比对人血小板聚集抑制作用明显,其抑制率分别为72.39％和80.89％;普通白兔在饲以熟大白菜汁后,ADP诱导的兔血小板聚集率从第1周开始降低,血小板聚集的抑制率在第1、3、5、8周末分别为42.8％、45.7％、53.6％、48.5％.胶原诱导的兔血小板聚集率从第5周开始降低,血小板聚集的抑制率在第5、8周末分别为54.9％、56.3％.结论 ADP或胶原诱导下,熟大白菜汁体内、外能够明显抑制血小板聚集,具有潜在的预防与治疗血栓性疾病的前景.     

刺参酸性黏多糖(SJAMP)对血小板三磷酸腺苷(ATP)释放的影响

目的 :研究刺参酸性黏多糖 (SJAMP)对正常人血小板三磷酸腺苷 (ATP)释放的影响 ,以进一步了解其释放机制。方法 :利用Chrono log 60 0型血小板荧光 聚集仪 ,对SJAMP诱导的血小板聚集及ATP释放反应进行同步测定。结果 :SJAMP诱导人血小板的聚集为典型的 Ⅱ 相聚集 ,在血小板聚集和释放间存在一定的延迟期 ,其释放反应依赖于血小板的聚集 ,并且血小板的释放反应能够为环氧化酶抑制剂乙酰水杨酸 (ASA)所抑制。不同诱聚剂SJAMP 10 0 μg/ml,ADP5 μmol/L ,胶原 5mg/ml,作用于人PRP后的ATP释放分别为 0 69± 0 2 2nmol/10 8血小板、1 60± 0 2 5nmol/10 8血小板、1 5 7± 0 15nmol/10 8血小板。SJAMP诱导正常人ATP释放量明显低于ADP、胶原等诱导的ATP释放量 (P <0 0 1)。结论 :从诱导血小板释放的角度 ,SJAMP是比ADP更弱的一种血小板诱聚剂。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.