Effect of Xiaoyu Zhixue Tablet (消瘀止血片) on the expression of platelet membrane glycoprotein I b/IX/V complex in patients with chronic renal failure

ABSTRACT Objective： To investigate the effect of Xiaoyu Zhixue Tablet （消瘀止血片, XYZXT） on the expression of platelet membrane glycoprotein （GP） Ⅰ b/Ⅸ/Ⅴ complex and GP Ⅰ b α in patients with chronic renal failure （CRF） in early metaphase. Methods： Fifty-one patients with CRF in early metaphase （treated group） were treated with XYZXT, 3 months as the course of treatment for 2 courses. The previous therapies remained unchanged. Flow cytometry was used to assess the expression of platelet GP Ⅰb/Ⅸ/Ⅴ complex and GP Ⅰb α in patients with CRF, and turbidity method was used to determine the platelet maximum aggregation rate （MAR）, meanwhile the renal function was measured. The final data were compared with those before the treatment, and with those in the normal control group （31 healthy subjects）. Results： Compared with the normal control group, expressions of GP Ⅰ b/Ⅸ/Ⅴ complex and GPⅠb α, and platelet MAR in CRF patients were significantly lower （P=0.007,P=0.001,P=0.009） before the treatment; after the treatment with XYZXT, the above indexes in CRF patients were remarkably increased （P=0.033,P=0.026, P=0.045）, but still lower than those in the normal control group, however, it was not statistically significant. Conclusion： （1） The expression of GP Ⅰ b/Ⅸ/Ⅴ complex in CRF patients of early metaphase was decreased, which lead to platelet aggregation dysfunction. This might be one of the reasons for the hemorrhagic trend in CRF. （2） XYZXT was able to upgrade expressions of GP Ⅰb/Ⅸ/Ⅴ complex and GPⅠb α in CRF patients, improve platelet function and clown-regulate platelet activation in patients with CRF.     

Expression of Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein Ib/Ⅸ/Ⅴ Complex,a Receptor of Thrombin,in Patients with Hemorrhagic Thrombopathy

To investigate the role of platelet membrane glycoprotein （GP） Ib/Ⅸ/Ⅴ complex and its subunit GP Ibα in patients with hemorrhagic thrombopathy （HT）, the expressions of GP Ib/Ⅸ/Ⅴ complex and GP Ibα,defined as mean fluorescence intensity （MFI）, were assessed by flow cytometry. The maximum aggregation of platelet was determined by turbidity method. These indicators were compared among 68 HT patients with the presenting complaint of hemorrhage, 33 well-controlled HT patients and 32 normal healthy subjects. The results showed that the MFI of GP Ib/Ⅸ /Ⅴ complex and GP Ibα was markedly lower in HT patients with current hemorrhage than that in the healthy subjects, with difference being statistically significant （P〈0.05）. There was no significant difference in the expressions of GP Ib/ Ⅸ/ Ⅴ complex and GP Ibα between well-controlled HT patients and normal healthy subjects （P〉0.05）. It was concluded that the expression of GP Ib/Ⅸ /Ⅴ complex, the receptor of thrombin and von Willebrand factor, was down-regulated in HT patients with current hemorrhage, which might result in the dysfunction of platelet aggregation and recurrence of HT.     

Expression of Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein Ib/Ⅸ/Ⅴ Complex,a Receptor of Thrombin,in Patients with Hemorrhagic Thrombopathy

To investigate the role of platelet membrane glycoprotein (GP) Ib/Ⅸ/Ⅴ complex and its subunit GP Ibα in patients with hemorrhagic thrombopathy (HT), the expressions of GP Ib/Ⅸ/Ⅴ complex and GP Ibα,defined as mean fluorescence intensity (MFI), were assessed by flow cytometry. The maximum aggregation of platelet was determined by turbidity method. These indicators were compared among 68 HT patients with the presenting complaint of hemorrhage, 33 well-controlled HT patients and 32 normal healthy subjects. The results showed that the MFI of GP Ib/Ⅸ /Ⅴ complex and GP Ibα was markedly lower in HT patients with current hemorrhage than that in the healthy subjects, with difference being statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the expressions of GP Ib/ Ⅸ/ Ⅴ complex and GP Ibα between well-controlled HT patients and normal healthy subjects (P>0.05). It was concluded that the expression of GP Ib/Ⅸ /Ⅴ complex, the receptor of thrombin and von Willebrand factor, was down-regulated in HT patients with current hemorrhage, which might result in the dysfunction of platelet aggregation and recurrence of HT.     

Relationship between Platelet Activation Related Factors and Polymorphism of Related Genes in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease of Blood-stasis Syndrome

Objective： To comparatively study the expressive conditions of platelet activation related factors （GPⅠb, GPⅡb-Ⅲa and GMP-140） in healthy subjects and patients with coronary heart disease （CHD） of blood-stasis （BS） or non-blood-stasis （non-BS） syndrome, and to analyze the relationship between the activities of various glycoproteins and the polymorphism of genes. Methods： With case control design adopted, patients with the CHD （40 of BS, 37 of non-BS） and 39 healthy subjects for control, all fitting to the inclusion criteria, were selected in this study. The number of affected coronary branches was recorded by the contrast examination. The mean fluorescence intensity （MFI） of GPⅠb, GPⅡb-Ⅲa, and GMP-140 （CD42b, CD61, CD62p） in patients and healthy persons was measured with flow cytometry, the polymorphism of HPA-3 gene was detected by Taqman probe technique and that of HPA-2 gene was determined by gene sequencing. Results： MFI of CD61 and CD62p was higher in the CHD patients than in the healthy control, which was also higher in patients of BS syndrome than in patients of non-BS syndrome （P〈0.05）; MFI of CD42b was lower in the CHD patients than in the healthy control （P〈0.05）, but showing insignificant difference between BS and non-BS syndrome （P〉0.05）; at the same time, no significant difference of all the above-mentioned three MFI could be found in patients with various numbers of affected coronary branches, neither in patients with different genotypes at GPⅡb HPA-3 and GPⅠb HPA-2 polymorphism loci （P〉0.05）. Conclusion： （1） The activities of GP Ⅱ b-Ⅲa and GMP-140 were obviously increased in the genesis and developing process of CHD and CHD of BS syndrome, and so they could be taken as one of the objective indexes for microscopic diagnosis of BS syndrome. （2） The level of GPⅠb was lower in CHD patients than in healthy persons, but it was not a sensitive indicator for BS syndrome of CHD. （3） Levels of GP Ⅱb-Ⅲa, GPⅠb a     

Association of the Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein Ⅰ a C807T Gene Polymorphism with Aspirin Resistance

To explore the correlation between the C807T polymorphism of platelet membrane gly- coprotein Ⅰa (GPⅠa) gene and aspirin resistance in Chinese people, 200 patients with high-risk of atherosclerosis took aspirin (100 mg/d) for 7 days. Platelet aggregation function was detected using adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and arachidonic acid (AA) before and after the administration of aspi- rin. Then the subjects were divided into three groups according to the results of platelet aggregation function: an aspirin resistant (AR) group, an aspirin semi-responder (ASR) group and an aspi- rin-sensitive (AS) group. Platelet GPⅠa gene 807CT polymorphism was examined by means of po- lymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primers (PCR-SSP). The results showed that T allelic fre- quency in AR group and ASR group were higher that of AS group (P<0.005), and the prevalence of genotypes (TT TC) of these two groups was significantly higher than that in AS group (P<0.05). Platelet GPⅠa T allele was significantly associated with aspirin resistance as revealed by multiple logistic regression (OR=3.76, 95% CI: 2.87–9.58). The results suggest that inherited platelet GPⅠa variations may have an important impact on aspirin resistance and the presence of GPⅠa T allele may be a marker of genetic susceptibility to aspirin resistance.     

Cohort Study on the Effect of a Combined Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine on the Relapse and Metastasis of 222 Patients with Stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ Colorectal Cancer after Radical Operation

Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness of a comprehensive therapy of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)in reducing the relapse and metastasis of stageⅡandⅢcolorectal cancer based on conventional Western medicine(WM)therapy.Methods:Two hundred and twenty-two patients in total, diagnosed as stageⅡandⅢcolorectal cancer from February 2000 to March 2006,were recruited from Xiyuan Hospital,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and the General Hospital of Beijing Military Area.They were followed-up once every 3-6 months.Twenty cases dropped out from the cohort.The remaining 202 patients were all treated with routine WM treatment [including R0 radical operation,or chemotherapy or/and radiotherapy according to national comprehensive cancer network(NCCN)clinical guidelines].These patients were assigned to two groups based on whether or not they were additionally treated with TCM comprehensive therapy(orally administered with a decoction according to syndrome differentiation,combined with a traditional patent drug over one year).Ninety-eight patients from Xiyuan Hospital were treated with WM and TCM(combined group),and 104 patients from the General Hospital of Beijing Military Area were treated with WM alone(WM group).The demographic data at baseline were comparable,including the operation times,age,sex,TNM staging,and pathological types.The patients were followed-up for one to five years.Up to now,there are 98,98,77,64,and 47 patients with 1,2,3, 4,and 5 years of follow-up in the combined group,respectively;and 104,104,97,81,and 55 patients in the WM group,respectively.The results of the 5-year follow-up of all the patients will be available in 2011. Results:The relapse/metastasis rate of 1-,2-,3-,4-,and 5-year were 0(0/98),2.04%(2/98),11.69% (9/77),14.06%(9/64),and 21.28%,(10/47)in the combined group,and were 4.80%(5/104),16.35% (17/104),21.65%(21/97),25.93%(21/81),and 38.18%(21/55)in the WM group,respectively.A significant difference was found in the second year between the two groups(χ~2=12.117,P = 0.000).Median relapse/ metastasis time was 26.5 months in the combined group and 16.0 months in the WM group.Conclusion: The combined therapy of TCM and WM may have great clinical value and a potential for decreasing the relapse or metastasis rate in stageⅡandⅢcolorectal cancer after conventional WM therapy.     

Effect of Qingre Buyi Decoction (清热补益汤) on Nitric Oxide and Histomorphology of Intestinal Mucosa in Rats with Radiation Enteritis

Objective: To explore the mechanism of Qingre Buyi Decoction (清热补益汤,QBD) in prevention and treatment of radiation enteritis in rats. Methods: Forty-eight Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups, the TCM group, the WM group, the model group and the control group, 12 in each group. Rats in the former three groups were given orally with QBD, norfloxacin and normal saline once a day for 7 successive days, after being irradiated with X-ray at single dose of 10 Gy for modeling of radiation enteritis, while rats in the control group were untreated. Animals were sacrificed at the end of the medication. NO concentration, mean height and number of villi per centimeter in their small intestinal mu-cosa were measured. Results: The intestinal NO concentration was significantly lower in the TCM and WM groups than that in the model group(P<0.05), while the number of villi was significantly more and the height higher in the former two groups than those in the model group (P<0.01 for both), but no signif     

The Effect of Lumbrokinase on P-selectin and E-selectin in Cerebral Ischemia Model of Rat

Purpose:To find the effect of lumbrokinase(LK)on P-selectin and E-selectin in ischemic rats.Methods:Male healthy Spragur-Dawley rats weighing 180-220 g(n=90) were divided into 4 groups:(1)normalcontrol group(n=5),(2)sham-operated group(n=35),(3)ischemic group(n=35),(4)LK group(n=15).LK10mg/kg(2000UK activity of LK)was given by intraperitoneal injection in the LK group 30 minutes beforeexperiment.Same volume of normal saline was given in the sham-operated group and ischemic group.Theischemic model was made by modified Haruo Nagasawa's method.Immunohistochemistry was used toobserve the P-selectin and E-selectin positive cells in the ischemic region.Results:P-selectin and E-selectinpositive cells in ischemic regions were observed in the ischemic group,and the peak of expression was at 6hours and 12 hours,respectively.The similar changes were not observed in normal control group.Therewere only a few positive cells in the sham-operated group.In LK group,the P-selectin and E-selectinpositive cells were significantly less than those in the ischemic group(P<0.05 at 3 hours after the onset,P<0.01 at 6 hours and P<0.01 at 12 hours,respectively).Conclusions:LK might significantly decrease theimmunoreactions of P-selectin and E-selectin in ischemic lesion.     

Two-year Observation of the Clinical Efficacy in Treating Chronic Hepatitis B Patients with Ganxian Recipe(肝纤方) and Lamivudinene

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Ganxian recipe (肝纤方, GXR) and lamivudine (LVD) in a two-year treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Methods: One hundred and twenty patients with CHB were randomly divided into the combinedly treated group (combined group) of 40 CHB patients who were treated with GXR combined with LVD. Another 40 CHB patients were treated with LVD alone (WM group), and still another 40 CHB patients were treated with GXR alone (TCM group). All these cases were randomly controlled and observed for two years. Results: Comprehensive efficacy: Total effective rate of the combined group (complete response and partial response) was 92. 5 %, while that of the WM group was 67.5 % and TCM group 57.5 %, respectively, with the difference between them was significant (P＜0.01);after treatment, the hepatic functions (AST, ALT, SB) of the three groups were all reduced, and the reduction in the combined group was particularly significant in comparison with the WM group or TCM group, P＜0.05 or P＜0.01 respectively, suggesting that the effect in the combined group was better than that in the other two groups; the rate of tyrosine-methionine-aspartate-aspartate (YMDD) virus mutation: it was 7.5%in the combined group, 40.0% in the WM group, and 5.0% in the TCM group; liver fibrosis improvement parameter: after treatment, the results in the combined group got better than those in the other two groups.Conclusion: GXR could inhibit the appearance of YMDD after long-term application of LVD, and combined use has marked synergism.     

Safety,pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies of batifiban injection following single- and multiple-dose administration to healthy Chinese subjects

Batifiban, a synthetic cyclic peptide, is a potent platelet glycoprotein GPⅡb/Ⅲa antagonist which may be useful in the treatment and prevention of acute coronary syndromes. The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodymanic （inhibition of platelet aggregation） effects, and tolerability of batifiban were investigated in healthy subjects following single bolus injection with doses of 55, 110, or 220 μg/kg, or multiple doses of an bolus followed intravenous infusion for 24 h （180 μg/kg plus 2.0 μg/minokg, and 220 μg/kg plus 2.5μg/minokg） in this phase I clinical trial. Plasma levels of batifiban and areas under the curve were found to be proportional to doses. Batifiban was rapidly eliminated with a half-life of approximately 2.5 h. Significant differences were noted for plasma levels of batifiban and areas under the curve between males and females. No significant differences in the terminal half-life were found between males and females. Batifiban reversibly inhibited ex vivo platelet aggregation in a dose- and concentration-dependent manner, consistent with its mechanism as a GPⅡ b/Ⅲa antagonist. Single and multiple intravenous doses of batifiban were found to be safe and well tolerated in healthy subjects. These results support a bolus injection plus intravenous infusion regimen of batifiban for the treatment and prevention of acute coronary syndromes.     

Expressions of VEGF and Ki-67 in eutopic endometrium of patients with endometriosis and effect of Quyu Jiedu Recipe (祛瘀解毒方) on VEGF expression

Objective:To observe the clinical eff icacy of Quyu Jiedu Recipe(祛瘀解毒方,QJR) in treating endometriosis(EM),and to explore the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and cell proliferative nucleoprotein antigen(Ki-67),their changes before and after treatment and the clinica signifi cance in the trial.Methods:Fifty patients of EM were randomly assigned to two groups.The 26 patients in the QJR group were treated with QJR,and the 24 patients in the gestrinone(GT) group with gestrinone.Besides,a normal control group with 20 healthy women was set up.The therapeutic effects in the two treated groups were compared.Expressions of VEGF and Ki-67 in eutopic endometrium of all subjects(with both patients and healthy women at the median secretive phase) were determined with immunohistochemical stain before treatment,and the determination in the two treated groups was repeated after 3-month treatment in the same phase.Results:Before treatment,the VEGF and Ki-67 expression positive rates and their mean optic density(MOD) were higher in patients than in healthy women(P<0.05).After treatment,the positive rate and MOD of VEGF expression lowered signif icantly than before treatment(P<0.05),but those of Ki-67 changed insignifi cantly,and comparison between the two treated groups showed no significant difference(P>0.05).Conclusion:QJR could markedly improve the symptoms of menorrhagia and menstrual disorder,and its mechanism might be related with the lowering of eutopic endometrial VEGF expression.VEGF and Ki-67 show a high expression in eutopic endometrium of patients with EM.     

Effects of ixeris sonchifolia on platelet function and hemorrheology of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Objective: To observe the effects of Ixeris sonchifolia Hance (ISH) on platelet function and hemorrheology in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. Methods: Thirtythree type 2 DM patients were treated with 20 ml ISH per day, intravenously dripping for 15 days; 31 patients in the red sage treated group were treated with composite red sage injection intravenous dripping for 15 days, and their changes of platelet membrane glycoprotein Ⅱb/Ⅲa compound (GPⅡb/Ⅲa), granular membrane protein140 (GMP140), platelet aggregation rate (PAgR) and hemorrheology were observed. Results: After treatment with ISH, the GPⅡb/Ⅲa compound positive rate of 33 type 2 DM patients were lowered (P<0.05), GMP140 showed lowering trend, PAgR obviously reduced, and compared with before treatment it showed significant difference; comparison between the two groups after treatment,it showed significant difference (P<0.05, P<0.01). At the same time, the various parameters of hemorrheology displayed significant improvement. There was no adverse effect during the course of treatment. Conclusion: ISH could improve platelet function and abnormal hemorrheology of type 2 DM patients, which is vital for the treatment of DM and their vascular lesion.     

Effect of detoxification, removing stasis and nourishing yin method on corticosteroid-induced hyperlipidemia in patients with systemic lupus rythematosus

Objective:To observe the effect of TCM therapy for detoxification,removing stasis,and nourishing yin on corticosteroid-induced hyperlipemia in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE),and to investigate its mechanism.Methods:One hundred and seventy patients with SLE were randomly assigned to the integrative medicine group (IM group) and the Western medicine group (WM group),85 in each group.Also,30 healthy subjects selected from blood donors were enrolled in the normal control (NC) group.All patients were treated mainly with prednisone, while those in the IM group were given TCM therapy additionally,and the therapeutic course for both groups was 6 successive months.The changes of serum total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG),high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-G),low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) and apolipoprotein A (ApoA) were determined and observed.A 2-year follow-up study was carried out in 16 patients of the WM group and 25 of the IM group.Results:Before treatment,no significant difference had been found among the three groups in the serum levels of lipids and lipoproteins.After the 6-month treatment,as compared with the WM group,the IM group showed lower levels of TC,TG,LDL-C,and VLDL-C (P<0.05 or P<0.01) and higher levels of HDL-C and ApoA (P<0.05).A similar effect was also shown by the follow-up study in the IM group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion:TCM therapy for detoxification,removing stasis,and nourishing yin can effectively regulate the levels of serum lipids and lipoproteins in preventing and treating SLE patients with corticosteroid- induced hyperlipemia.     

Effect of TCM Combined with Chemotherapy on Immune Function and Quality of Life of Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer inStage Ⅲ-Ⅳ

Objective: To observe and compare the effect of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) combined with chemotherapy (CT) on immune function and quality of life (QOL)of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ. Methods: One hundred cases with stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ NSCLC were randomly divided into two groups. The treated group (n=50) received CT combined with TCM, and the control group received CT alone. The percentage of T lymphocyte subset in peripheral blood and the change of natural killer (NK) cell count were observed after treatment. The QOL and tolerance of CT were also compared between the two groups after treatment. Results: In the treated group, CD3 cell count, CD4 cell count, CD4/ CDg ratio and NK cell activity were higher than those in control group, while CD8 cell count in the treated group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05), and QOL and tolerance of CT in the treated group were also better (P<0.05). Conclusion: TCM combined with CT could raise the patients' ability in to     

Preliminary study on relationship between tcm syndrome-type and insulin resistance in coronary heart disease

To observe the relationship between TCM Syndrome-type and insulin resistance (ISR) in coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods: Fifty patients were divided into 3 groups according to the Syndrome Differentiation-typing in TCM, the Heart blood stasis (HBS) Syndrome group, the Phlegm-Turbid stagnation (PTS) Syndrome group and both Qi-Yin Deficiency (QYD) Syndrome group. The fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting blood insulin (Ins), insulin antibody (IAA), islet cell antibody (ICA), glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GAD-Ab) and related blood lipid parameters in patients were determined and insulin sensitive index (ISI) was calculated simultaneously. Then the above-mentioned data were compared with those determined in 20 healthy control subjects. Results: The levels of FBG and Ins in CHD group were higher than those in the healthy control group significantly (P＜0.05), but ISI level was obviously lower (P＜0.01). Moreover, the positive percentage of IAA (40%) was higher in CHD group than that in the control group (5%) significantly (P＜0.01). Comparison between the 3 TCM Syndrome-type groups and the control group showed that ISI level in HBS and PTS group was obviously lower than that in the control and the QYD (P＜0.05) respectively, and the IAA positive percentage in the former 2 groups (50%, 47.37%) was higher than that in the latter two (5%,P＜0.01 and 15.38%, P＜0.05) markedly. While Ins level increased only in the HBS group (P＜0.05). Besides, patients of HBS and PTS Syndrome were accompanied by lipid metabolic disturbance. Conclusion: ISR presents in part of CHD patients particularly in those with HBS and PTS Syndrome, which was partly due to the existence of serum IAA in patients.     

Effects of glycoprotein Ⅱb/Ⅲa antagonists and chloride channel blockers on platelet cytoplasmic free calcium

Platelet activation plays an important role in thrombosis. Platelet glycoprotein Ⅱ b/Ⅲ a （ GPⅡ b/Ⅲ a ） is the receptor of fibrinogen. Platelet cross-linking with fibrinogen through GP Ⅱ b/Ⅲ a is the process of thrombosis. Ca^2＋ is an important intracellular second messenger in platelet activation. It has been reported that GP Ⅱ b/Ⅲ a receptors were involved in the calcium influx of activated platelet, and GP Ⅱ b/Ⅲ a receptor had characteristics of calcium channel or an adjacent calcium channel.     

The Role of Fibronectin in Arterial Subendothelium in Platelet Adhesion

The role of fibronectin in vascular subendothelium in platelet adhesion after the removal ofthe endothelium of aorta was studied in normal rabbits. The thoracic aortae were treated with 1%Nonidet P-40 for 5 min and with 0. 3 mol/L KCl for 10 min. The whole endothelium was re-moved and a large amount of fibronectin in the subendothelium was exposed. Autogenous platelet-rich plasma was isolated and platelets were labeled with 1:1000 acridine orange. The adheredplatelets were washed away with 2% SDS solution. Finally, the intensity of fluorescence of the wash-ing fluid was measured with a spectrofluorophotometer. The animals were divided into 4 groups:(1) normal endothelium group. (2) lysed endothelium group, (3) lysed endothelium and guineapig anti-rabbit fibronectin antisera inhibition group, (4) lysed endothelium and guinea pig normalsera control group. The adhesion of platelets in the 2nd group was taken as 100%. The resultsshowed that after the treatment of anti-rabbit fibronectin antisera the platelet adhesion onsubendothelium was inhibited up to 70. 1%. It is suggested that the fibronectin in subendotheliumplays an important role in platelet adhesion.     

High Density Lipoprotein Phospholipids as a Marker of Coronary Heart Disease of Shen-Yang Deficiency Syndrome

Objective: To seek a new biochemical index for diagnosis of coronary heart disease (CHD) of shen-Yang deficiency syndrom (CHD-SYD). Methods: Sixty-one patients with CHD were divided into 3 groups according to their TCM Syndrome type, 10 patients in the group without Xin-Qi deficiency (Group A), 25 in the group with Xin-Qi deficiency but without Shen-Yang deficiency (Group B) and 26 in the group both with Xin-Qi deficiency and Shen-Yang deficiency (Group C). Levels of 17-hydroxy-corticoste-roid in urine (urinary 17-OHCS) per 24 hrs, and serum level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and high density lipoprotein phospholipid (HDL-PL) in them were determined in synchrostep and compared with those in the control group of 23 healthy aged persons, urinary 17-OHCS per 24 hrs was taken as the diagnostic standard to screen a new index for diagnosis of Shen-Yang deficiency Syndrome, and preliminary appraisal to the index was made. Results: Serum HDL-PL in the CHD-SYD patients( Group C) was 616+157 mg     

Effect of Ligustrazine Injection on Levels of Interleukin-4 and Interferon-γ in Patients with Bronchial Asthma

Objective:To explore the effect of ligustrazine injection (LI) on serum levels of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in patients with bronchial asthma and determine the mechanism of action of LI in preventing and treating asthma.Methods:Sixty-eight patients with mild or moderate bronchial asthma were assigned to two groups equally according to their sequence number,odd or even.The conventional treatment was administered to both groups,and LI was given to the treatment group by ultrasonic spray inhalation twice a day but not to the control group.The therapeutic course for all was 2 weeks.Further,30 healthy subjects who had no history of smoking were enrolled as the normal control group.The clinical condition scores,frequency of attacks and dosage of Terbutaline inhaled were scored and recorded on the first day of hospitalization (before treatment) and after treatment.At the same time,the indexes of lung function,including forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1),forced expiratory volume in one second to forced vital capacity ratio (FEV1%) and the peak expiratory flow (PEF) were determined before treatment.The levels of IL-4 and IFN-γ in peripheral blood were detected by ELISA before and after treatment,and compared with that of the healthy control group.]Results:After treatment,the clinical condition scores were found to be lower,indexes of lung function were elevated,but serum level of IL-4 and ratio of IL-4/IFN-γ were reduced in both groups,showing significant differences as compared to those before treatment (P＜0.05).However,the changes in all the indexes were more significant in the treatment group than in the control group,also showing statistical significance (P＜0.05).No significant difference was revealed when IFN-γ levels were compared before and after treatment in both groups,though a lowering trend could be seen,significant difference could not be found in the comparison of IFN- γ levels between groups after treatment (P＞0.05).Conclusion:LI shows good clinical effect in treating bronchial asthma,and its mechanism might be related to the suppression of the synthesis of IL-4,thus leading to the inhibition of TH2 cell subset preponderant response and immune equilibrium regulation.     

Clinical Observation on Effect of Combination of Zhuanyindan (转阴丹) and Hormone in Treating MaleInfertility with Positive Antisperm Antibody

Objective:To explore the therapeutic effect of combination of Zhuanyindan (ZYD, 转阴丹, a self-made Chinese herbal preparation) and hormone in treating male infertility with positive antisperm antibody and its influence on nitric oxide (NO) level. Methods:Eighty-two patients were randomly divided (according to the digital list) into the WM group (n = 20, treated with prednisone), the TCM group (n=28, treated with ZYD) and the ICWM group (n=34, treated with prednisone plus ZYD). The clinical effect, negative converting rate of antisperm antibody, changes of NO level in semen and various parameters of sperm motion before and after treatment were observed. Results: The total effective rate in the ICWM group was 88.2%, that in theTCM group 75. 0% and in the WM group 65. 0%. Significant difference was seen in the ICWM and TCM group before and after treatment in NO level, sperm motion parameters, including linear motion speed, linearity, propulsion, whip frequency, sperm vitality and mean moving angle, and qu